Make Notes from Youtube Videos

chapter 1
20:57

modules:- it is used if u have to run other code

two types of modules

I) built- in modules:- preinstalled in python

II) External modules:- need to install using pip

if u have to install any flask or os just put it

50:30
in the run section

"pip install flask

pip install os"

pip :- package manager for python u can use pip to install a module on your system (pip install flask
installs flask module)

24:56

REPL:- read- evaluate- print- loop

29:22
for comments

use ( # ) (pound single)

types of comments

1) single line comments - written using #

2) multi line comments - written using ('''comment''')

chapter 2
for string occupying more than 1 line than use triple quote(''') instead of double quote('')

Variables and data types

a= "harry" --------- string

b= 345 ----------------- integer

c= 45.32 ----------------- float

variables = container to store a value

keywords = reserved words in python

identifiers = class/functions/ variable names

Data Types

primarily there are following data types in python

1) Integers -- 1,4,3,2 -2,-3 ,0 etc....

2) Floating- point numbers -- 1.2, 3.4 ,5.6 etc

3) strings --- no of characters enclosed in single (') double('') and triple quote (''')
3) strings --- no of characters enclosed in single (') double('') and triple quote (''')

4) booleans ------- true or false (sach or jhuth)

5) none ------- (much nahi ko return kare function)

don't use reserved keywords as a variables

like import, true, false etc......

50:30

52:25

booleans
#printing the variables

print(a)

print(b)

print(c)

print(d)

# printing the type of variables

print (type(a))

print(type(b))

print(type(c))

print(type(d))

56:23
57:31

Rules for defining a variable name-- > also applies to other identifiers

1) A variable name can contain alphabets, digits, and underscores.

2) A variable name can only start with an alphabet and underscore.

3) A variable name cant start with a digit.

4) no while space is allowed to be used inside a variable name.

identifiers -- class/ function/ variables name

Examples of a few variable names are:-

vaibhav, one8, seven, -seven etc,.

Operators in python

following are some common operators in python.

1) Arithmetic operators :- +,-,*,/ etc

2) Assignment operators :- =,+=,-= etc.

3) comparison operators :- ==, >, >= ,< ,!= etc

4) Logical operators :- and , or, not

01:06:16
Arithmetic operators

01:03:07

variable names are case sensitive

Assignment operators

a= 34

a += 12

print(a)

ans 46

or if a -= 12

print(a)

ans 22

a *=12
a /=12

print(a)

comparison operators

01:10:11

01:09:36

#comparison operators
b = (14>=7) > or =
b = (14>=7) > or =

print(b)

and True

all operators
==

<=

>=

!= (not equal to)

#LOGICAL OPERATORS
01:11:55

(and )-- tb true return Karega jb 2ono true honge baaaki saare cases m false return Karega

(or) ---- tb true return Karega jb 2ono m see koi 1 true ho Jaye

not ------ used for only one variable

(typecasting and type functions)

01:15:52

01:16:20

01:16:35
Typecasting = it is a way to convert 1 datatype to another 01:17:29

01:19:28

if ''31'' is a string literal and 31 is a numeric literal.

input() function
this function allows the user to take input from the keyboard as a string
a = input("enter name") ---> if a is ''Harry'', the user entered harry

01:21:45

input string k taur pr legal ...

01:22:40

01:23:23
01:23:39

% this operator gives reminder

01:30:15

01:31:23
01:35:20

01:36:03

nice question no 5 (do it by yourself)

01:33:19
01:36:43

chapter 3 (strings)
01:39:22
01:43:26

don't confuse python single quote or double quotes m , safely use karo bro

01:44:38

string slicing

01:45:18
name = "vaibhav roy"

greeting = good morning"

#print(type(name))

#concatenating two strings

#also u can do this

c = greeting +name

print(c)

01:48:40

01:48:49
string indexing
A string in python can be sliced for getting a part of the string.

Consider the following string

name = vaibhav ------> length =7

indexing of name

VAIBHAV

0123456 (indexing) (indexing... it starts from 0)

the index in a string starts from 0 to (length -1)

in python. In order to slice a string, we use the following syntax.

sl = name[ind_ start : ind_ end]

ind_start ----> first index include

ind end ---> last index is not include

sl[0:3] returns "vai" ----> character from 0 to 3

sl[1:3] returns "ar" ------> character from 1 to 3

00:00
square bracket inside print [] gives u the index word

like name = "vaibhav"

print(name[0])

ans = V

00:00

00:00

00:00
name[3] = "d" ---> Does not work

00:00

string slicing
print(name[0:3])

ans = vai

00:00
print(name[1:4])

00:00
00:00

00:00

00:00
negative indexing

VAIBHAV

-7-6-5-4-3-2-1

slicing with skip value

word = ''amazing"

word[1:6:2] ---------> 'mzn

00:00

00:00
00:00

00:00

00:00
00:00

00:00

00:00
00:00

(ii)[Link]("notes") ------> This function tells whether the variable strings end with the string
"notes" or not. if string is "story" , it returns true for "notes" since story ends with notes

00:00

00:00
(iii) [Link]("c") ---> counts the total number of occurrence of any character

00:00

00:00

calculating total no of a or occurance

00:00

(iv)[Link]() ------> this function capitalize the first character of a given string.

00:00
(v) [Link](word) --------> this function finds a sword and returns the index of the first occurrence
of that word in the string.

00:00

00:00

00:00
00:00

(vi) [Link]( oldword , newword ) ------> the function replaces the oldword with newword in the
entire string.

00:00

00:00
New line character
story = "harry is good. \nHe\t is very good"

print(story)

00:00

Escape sequence characters

Escape sequence character comprises of more than one character but represents one character
when used within the strings.

Examples \n , \t, \ , \\ etc

\n ----> newline
\n ----> newline

\t -------> tab

\' ---------> single quote

\\ ---------> backlash

00:00

practice chapter 3
02:17:16 problem no 1

ans

02:19:14
problem 2

02:20:11

ans

02:25:53
problem 3

02:26:14

ans

02:28:49

(generally we use affle)

it will show -1 if it cant find anything

ans 4

02:31:47
ans 5

02:34:01

chapter 4
(Lists and tuples)
notes

02:35:24
in list the index also starts from 0 only

02:38:33

print the list using print function

02:39:15

02:40:30
02:40:30

we can change index in lists

02:40:48

02:41:06
we can create a list with items of different types

02:41:54

02:42:20

02:43:21
02:45:02

#we can create a list with items of different types

c =[34 ,"harry" , false, 6.9]

print(c)

#list slicing

friends = ["harry" ,"Tom", "Rohan" , "Sam" ,"Divya" , 45]

print(friends[0:4])

print(friends[-4:])

02:45:55
02:46:01

02:47:11

#list methods

02:47:58
02:47:58

sorting(mtlb badhte karam mai lagana)

02:48:48

02:50:17
02:51:07

02:51:31

02:51:58
append is used for add to the end of the list

02:53:02

02:53:19

#insert

02:53:48
02:54:13

[Link](0,544) ---- 544 will be added at the 0 index.

02:54:59

02:55:04
02:55:04

example [Link](2)---- index no 2 wala delete ho jaayega

02:55:37

[Link](21)---- 21 lists se delete h jaayega

02:56:12
lists have 2 much methods

we can find other methods of lists on search "python docs" on google go to documentation

02:57:36

Tuples
t = (1,2,3,5)

print(t[0])

difference between tuples and lists is that

we cant change tuples but we can change lists

#we cannot update the values of tupples

t[0] = 34

03:00:14
immutable = cannot change

#creating a tuple using ()

t = (1,2,3,4)

t1 = () --- empty tupple

print(t1)

return ()

t1 = (1) # Wrong way to declare a tuple with single element

t1 = (1,) # Tupple with single element

print(t1)

return 1

#printing the elements of a tuple

print(t[0])

#cannot update the values of a tuple

03:01:4603:02:32
þÿ03:01:46

03:02:59

03:03:11
03:03:14

03:03:21

#Tupple Methods
count method
t = (1,2,4,5,1,3,1,2,3,2,1)

print([Link](1))
print([Link](1))

return 4

count --- it just count that how many time the number occurs in that

Index Method
a index(1) : a index(1) will return the index of first occurrence of 1 in a

03:05:14

#Practice set

03:07:15
ANS 1:- Store_fruits

#vs code m alt daba k curser kahin rakhde to

03:10:17

ctrl + enter apne aap nayi line m aa jaoge in VS

03:12:39

#list k ander repetitive values bhi likhte hainn to use koi farak
nahi padta hai.

Ans :2

03:14:04
but it is a string so that we have to make it integer change it integer

03:14:46

03:15:52

Ans 3 Tuple change test

03:16:54

hence proved

python m har chiz object hai.

ye object support nahi krta item assignment

Ans 4 ) write a program to sum a list with 4 numbers.

a =[2,4,5,67]

print(a[0] + a[1] + a[2] + a[3])

print(sum(a))

return 78

03:18:28
question 5 do it yourself

.count() ka use krke.