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Python is a high-level, interpreted, and object-oriented programming language created by Guido van Rossum in 1991, known for its simplicity and readability. It is widely used in various fields such as web development, AI, data science, and automation, and has a large community and extensive libraries. The document also covers Python's features, advantages, installation process, data types, functions, and control flow statements.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
4 views18 pagesPython
Python is a high-level, interpreted, and object-oriented programming language created by Guido van Rossum in 1991, known for its simplicity and readability. It is widely used in various fields such as web development, AI, data science, and automation, and has a large community and extensive libraries. The document also covers Python's features, advantages, installation process, data types, functions, and control flow statements.
Uploaded by
prabhaskota777Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
PYTHON PROGRAMMING
1. Whot is Python?
. Python is a high-level, interpreted,
and object-oriented programming language.
It was created by Guido van Rossum
and released in 1991.
Python is easy to learn becouse of
its simple and readable syntax.
It is widely used in Web Development,
AI, Data Science, Machine Learning,
Cyber Security, Automation, Cloud
Computing and Software Development.
\ 2. Why- Python ?
Easy to learn and write.
Simple and readable syntax.
Free and Open Source.
Large community support.
Huge collection of libraries.
Platform independent.
Supports Object-Oriented Programming.
Used by top companies like Google,
Netflix, Microsoft, Instagram, Spotify.
Page 4 _ PYTHON PROGRAMMING
3. Feotures of Python
Feature Description
Python has simple and readable syntax
which is easy to learn.
Easy Syntax
Python is an interpreted language,
Interpreted La:
pole "983° | so no compilation is required.
Object-Oriented It supports OOP concepts like
clase, objects, inheritance, etc
Python is a high-level language,
High-Level. Lo
ee NEG | close to human language.
Python is free to use and
open source.
Open Source
Python is platform independent
Tk runs on Windows, Linux and Mac.
Portable
Python has a large collection of
Se ee etry ede elidees Sol Uiertes
Variables are not required to declare
Dynaiest T
oa the data type explicitly.
E
Audemalc Memory Naragenet| Python has garbage collection
to manage memory automatically
4. Applications of Python
+ Web Development. * Automation / Scripting
* Artificial Intelligence (AI) + Data Analysis
+ Machine Learning * Game Development
* Data Science + Desktop Applications
+ Cyber Security * Cloud Computing
Ethical Hacking
Quick Note :
— Python = Simple + Powerful + Versatile * {
PYTHON PROGRAMMING
5. History of Python
+ Python was created by Guido van Rossum.
+ He started working on Python in December 1989.
+ The first version, Python 0.9.0, was released in February 1994.
+ Python 2.0 was released in 2000 with many new features.
+ Python 3.0 was released in 2008, which is fully new
and not backward compatible
+ Python 3.x is the latest and most used version.
Timeline of Python Versions
Page 3
Version Release Year
Python 0.9.0 1994
Python 1.0 1994
Python 2.0 2000
Python 2.7 2040
Python 3.0 2008
Python 3.x Latest. (Recommended)
Creator of Python
Guido van Rossum
Born : 31 January 1956
(Netherlands)
6. Advantages of Python
* Easy to learn and use
* Readable and clean syntax.
+ Large community and support.
* Many built-in libraries and modules
* Platform independent
+ High-Level language.
+ Supports multiple programming paradigms
Python is a
great choice for
beginners as well
as professionals.
* Increases productivity and reduces development time. 8.
OHO Pw RE
PYTHON PROGRAMMING
4. Installation of Python
Go. to [Link]
«Click onthe. “Downloads” menu.
Download the latest version of Python.
Run the installer file.
Important: Check the option “Add Python to PATH”.
typing:
python. =-version
. Click on “Install Now” and wait for installation.
. Click on “Close” after successful installation.
. Verify installation by opening Command Prompt and
— > It will show the installed Python version.
Python IDEs (Integrated Develo
)
ent Environment,
Page 4
IDLE ~ Default IDE with Python installation. Simple and easy to use.
PyCharm. ~ Powerful IDE with many advanced features.
VS Code ~ Lightweight and supports many extensions .
Tupyter Notebook- Used for data science and machine learning.
Spyder = Good IDE for scientific programming.
2.
Steps:
elie
Open ang IDE (IDLE / VS Code / PyCharm)
Create a new file with .py extension
(example: hello py)
|. Write your Python code.
. Save the file.
. Run the program
9. Writing and Running Python Program
Example:
# This is a simple Python
print (“Hello, World! ")
name = “Monika”
print (“Weleome,”, name)
Outputs
Python is a case-sensitive language.
Hello, World |
Welcome, Monika.
“Python”, “python” and “PYTHON” are different
program PYTHON PROGRAMMING
10. Variables in Python
+A variable is a container used to store data values.
‘+ In Python, we de not need to declare the type of variable.
Tt is automatically taken care by Python.
+ The value of a variable can
© Variable name must start with a letter (a-z, A-Z) or underscore (_).
bbe changed during program execution.
+ Variable name cannot start with a number.
+ No special characters allowed
except underscore (.)
+ Python is case-sensitive (age, Age and AGE are different)
Example :
Velid Variable Names
Tnvelid Voriable Names X
+ namet23
+ Name
+ aget
+ totalMarks
© Aname (starts with number)
* name@123 (special character)
fotal-marks (hyphen not allowed)
my name (space not allowed)
fage (special character)
11. Declaring and Assigning Variables
Page
Rales for Variable Names
1. Must stort with o letter
or underscore (_)
2. Con contain letters, digits
ard underscore only
3. Connet stort with a namber
4 No special characters
allowed Cexcept -)
5. Cose-sensitive
+ Th Python, we can declare a voriable and assign a value in one line
Example
x = 40 # integer variable
name + “Monika” # string voriable
pis 3th # float variable
is-student = True
# boolean variable
12. Mul
Assignment.
© We can assign values to multiple variables in a single Line
Examples :
1% Quick Note
We do net use any keyword.
like int, float, etc. to declare
@ variable in Python.
1. Assigning same value
atbecs5
#555
print(a, b, ¢)
2. Assigning different values
x. yet = 10, 20, 30
printle, yz) # 10 20 30
3. Using multiple assignment
iq * 100, 200
print(p) # 100
print(q)# 200
% Variables make our programs flexible and reusable.
* PYTHON PROGRAMMING
13. Data Types in Python
* Dota types specify the type of value a variable can hold.
Page 6
* Python has the following built-in data types.
Data Type Description Example Type
| int Integer (whole number) 410, -5, 0, 100 int
+ | Float Floating point number 3.44, -0.04, 2.0 Float
i [se String (sequence of characters) | ‘Hello’, “Python” str
| [boot Boolean value (True / False) True, False bool
1 list Ordered collection (mutable) sane list
1 tuple Ordered collection (immutable) Gy 2,3; 1A) tuple
| set Unordered collection of unique items iy ap3¥ set
dict Key-valiue pair collection {iname’:'Monika’, ‘age':21} | — diet
Example :
i] a= 10 # int 1 e+ (1, 2, 3) lick
i b= 3.14 # Float fa Gt vares) # tuple
1 c= “Monika” — # str | g= {4, 2, 3} # set
| d= Tre # bool | = {'name’:"Monika’,‘age':21} # dict
| z
14. Type Conversion in Python
| ¢ We can convert one data type into another data type
| = Ths process ts called Type caning,
Common Type Conversions :
‘Gorrron, “Type Conversions £ —
Function Description Example
as5
int) Converts to integer | int (3.44) —> 3
Fiscl() mu |lcagectatar tine float (10) —> 10.0 Baap lost se Az
str() | Converts to string | str(100) —> ‘00° ete eto) aS
Beek) lll Covverds- 15. becleny Wl | [etssU 0) nes uralee tis beh (=) True PYTHON PROGRAMMING et
45. Operators in Python
+ Operators are used to perform eperations on variables and volues.
© Python supports the fellowing types of operators
Type Operators Deseription
Arithmetic | +, -, #,/, %, //, ** | Performs mathematical operations
Comparison | =, I, >, €, >=, Compares tue valu
nites [ny tn | Assigns vlues to variables
Logical and, or, net Combines conditional statements
Bitwise BLA, =, ce, >> | Perform bit-lenl. operations
|| ee fe | hehe alee wpe
| | tad isa tet Chas Wadi of algets
J} Exenele
|| .- 49, b-3 laerueta # Bidaise
atbe 3 # Arithmetic ! “on” in “python” —> True # Membership
o> bk + Tee # Comparicen | wis b > False # Ldentity
ats 5 4 a=15 Assignment | ais not b > True + [entity
|
|
a> Sand b<10 + True # Logical
| 16. Control Flow Statements
© Control flow statements are used to control the execution of a program.
© Python has the folleuing contrel flow statements
Control Flow Statements
1
I t
i Iteration 9
(Looping) or
if | [ifeelae | [iF-elif-elee] [for loop | [while loop break | [continue] [pase
Example :
| [2 statement 2. for lovp 3, dale tp
tea
x= 10 for i in range(t, 4): ei ore
fx >: print (i) ret) 4 Output:
print("x is greater than 5")| | # Output: 1 2 3 tag 123 |
}
| PYTHON PROGRAMMING Fess 8
17. Functions in Python
© A function is a block of code that performs a specific task
Tt helps to reuse code ond make programs more modular
def function_name (parameters): def ae b): ,
# code to be executed Ne
bce lice result = add(5, 3)
print (result) # Output: 8
18. Types of Functions
Type Description Example
Built-in Function Predefined functions in Python. | print(), type(), len(), input()
User-defined Function | Functions created by the user. | def my—func(): ...
esas Pens Functions without a nome 5
Anerymows Function | F ecg qi lambda x: x # x
19. Modules in Python
© A module is a file containing Python code (functions, variables, classes, etc.)
© It helps to organize code in separate files and reuse it
Example :
1. Create a file named mymodule py
2. Write some functions in it
3. Import the module in ancther program
using import.
20. Comments in Python
© Comments are used to explain the code,
# Tr mymedule. py
def greet (name):
return “Hello, " + name
# Th another file
import mymedule
print (mymedule. greet ("Monika”))
# Output: Hello, Monika,
+ Python supports single-line and multi-line comments.
Single-line Comment
Multi-line Comment
# This is a single-line comment ww This is a
eae as multi-line comment "**
print(*Hello") # This prints Hello print (* *)
( g Fanctions, modules and comments make the code orgenized, *
i readable and easy to maintain. ' | PYTHON PROGRAMMING ey
19. Tuples in Python
1 tuple isan ordered, immutable collection of hems.
© Teplas are. written sning porenthens {). 5
| = ee a Date + = (0, 20, 39, 20)
eek) | Miners memtar of eters) | nt} z priok(t count (20)) #2
; ea Thala afi prink(t indes(30)) #2
indent a
C0) | ecarener of « eee — 2 prick (Lan ()) a4
ent) | Returna lanth of ple lent) + ie lea
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20. Sets in Python
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+ Sets do nok alls dapliate alate y
Method Denigtin a
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|e Sets one useful whe you need only unique items and fast
21. Dictionaries in Python
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ae 0 | Rog cogs tame | fapacrag 260)
PRE | pl ty aw | Sete | eed Sw peta yet da
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| se Tuples cre immutable, Sele contain unique items and Dictionaries store
1) ALL three are importank data structures in Python PYTHON PROGRAMMING *s*
| 23. Functions in Python
|| © A function is a block of code that performs a specific task. Z
1+ Ik improves code reusability, readability and reduces repetition, s
| + Functions are defined using the def keyword.
def function_name( parameters)
statement(s)
return value # (optional)
|
| Types_of Functions
4. Built-in Functions > Provided by Python.
2. User-defined Functions —+ Created by the programmer.
3. Anonymous (Lambda) Functions —+ Small, unnamed functions.
coors
Type Example Code Description Output
A. Built-in print (len( "Python" )) len() returns length 6
Function print(max(10, 20, 5)) mox() returns largest velue 20
def add(a, b): User-defined function
2. Meda sum = a+b that adds two numbers. 12
| Becton return sum
| print(add(5, 7))
(| 3. Lambda. square = lambda x: x © x | Lambda function to a
| Function print (square(6)) calculate square
| Function with Different Types of Arguments
Explanation Esarple Progra:
1. Poikoul Arguments | def adda, 6) lute ove paved vcore
ribo + & pole! wie lef multiplyCa, b)
ats, 7) return a # b
2 Kaperd Agneta | east + 7, a 3) ilans we passed wing
| ferent names yee
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PRCcHats sane) | Sete, el
| weet) result. + mutiply(x, y)
|] vette tenn arguments | def total Conambers): | Com amept ang mamber of | | print ("Result =", result)
| po |e ees [sou Gael
| print(estalt, 2, 2, 49)
Mista PYTHON PROGRAMMING = xu
24. Modules in Python
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File math [Link] (Madule)
A. Create «Python file | Eaample: [Link] dat atta, 8)
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3, Import the module | Syptan: import medule_name Files main. py (Using Mode)
tm enother program | oy from module name import name | | ingot math utile — & importing mode
ting import. result © moth uils-adld(S, 7)
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4. Une the fnetione | the with woe same fnctin named) | | i addtin «", rant)
| at eet, print Square =", rent?)
eee resi print ("Malue of FE =*, math til FL)
Built-in Modules (Some Common Examples) Soest:
Medal Deseriptisn ‘Adttion + 32
“math | Provides rutherntical functions and constant Square = 6
eed for quencing random amber olan of PL = 3.8416
Uatetinn | Pvides aver for maniplting dala ond tne
a Ponies inte. neat with te epwling wlan
=e Troviden wun ty tm wralin dw rata by bn
Importing Modules - Different Ways
‘Syntax | ‘Explanation
leper elecrers. Tepes Hn olen ble th ole
from madulename impart name a ee ee eee
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A, Using math module 2 ning random module 3. Using datetione module
Nec eee SS aio)
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5A pokage so collection of module,
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Packages are importad att like modules,
Creaking and Using Packages
Sap Explanation
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