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C++ Basics: Key Concepts and Examples

C++ is a versatile programming language that supports various programming paradigms including procedural and object-oriented programming. Key concepts include basic syntax, data types, input/output operations, control structures, functions, arrays, pointers, and classes. The document provides examples for each concept to illustrate their usage.

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9 views3 pages

C++ Basics: Key Concepts and Examples

C++ is a versatile programming language that supports various programming paradigms including procedural and object-oriented programming. Key concepts include basic syntax, data types, input/output operations, control structures, functions, arrays, pointers, and classes. The document provides examples for each concept to illustrate their usage.

Uploaded by

boniganesh812
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Basic C++ Notes

1. Introduction

- C++ is a general-purpose programming language.

- Supports procedural, object-oriented, and generic programming.

2. Basic Syntax

- Every C++ program has a main() function.

- Statements end with a semicolon (;).

- Example:

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {

cout << "Hello, World!" << endl;

return 0;

3. Variables and Data Types

- int, float, double, char, bool

- Example:

int age = 25;

float pi = 3.14;

4. Input and Output

- Use cin for input, cout for output.


- Example:

int number;

cin >> number;

cout << "Number is " << number << endl;

5. Control Structures

- if, else if, else

- switch

- loops: for, while, do-while

6. Functions

- Declared with return type, name, and parameters.

- Example:

int add(int a, int b) {

return a + b;

7. Arrays

- Fixed size collection of elements.

- Example:

int arr[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};

8. Pointers

- Store memory addresses.

- Example:

int* ptr = &age;


9. Classes and Objects

- Basic OOP concepts.

- Example:

class Car {

public:

string brand;

void honk() {

cout << "Beep, beep!" << endl;

};

10. Comments

- Single line: //

- Multi-line: /* */

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