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Java Exception Handling Basics

Exception handling in Java allows programs to handle errors and prevent failures when known issues occur. Exceptions are subclasses of Throwable and extend Exception or RuntimeException. Developers can create custom exception classes extending Exception or RuntimeException. Methods declare exceptions using throws and are called within try/catch blocks. The catch block handles exceptions while finally always executes after try or catch complete.

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Rohit Reddy
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2 views10 pages

Java Exception Handling Basics

Exception handling in Java allows programs to handle errors and prevent failures when known issues occur. Exceptions are subclasses of Throwable and extend Exception or RuntimeException. Developers can create custom exception classes extending Exception or RuntimeException. Methods declare exceptions using throws and are called within try/catch blocks. The catch block handles exceptions while finally always executes after try or catch complete.

Uploaded by

Rohit Reddy
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Exception Handling

• In java there is a exception handling mechanism,


according to which if a ‘known’ method gets
failed at runtime at certain condition, then we
are ready to handle that exception when that
condition arrives.
• Hence at a “pre-known failure condition” the
program doesn’t fails.
• Based on:
The exception handling mechanism is based on the
rule that “if we call a risky method, then the
caller must acknowledge that we know it is a
risky method”
Exception hierarchy
• All exceptions are subclasses of class Exception.
• Exception class is subclass of Throwable class.
• Exception class have two subclasses IOException
and Runtime Exception.
• Runtime exception are those exception which are
not checked by compiler and are thrown at the
runtime.
Creating our own exception class
You can create your own exceptions in Java. Keep
the following points in mind when writing your
own exception classes:
• All exceptions must be a child of Throwable.
• If you want to write a checked exception that is
automatically enforced by the Handle or Declare
Rule (??), you need to extend the Exception
class.
• If you want to write a runtime exception, you
need to extend the RuntimeException class.
public class myException extends Exception
{}
Declaring a risky method
• A method is said to be ‘risky’, when it throws an
exception. Hence for declaring a risky method:
1. It must ‘throw’ a exception object.
2. It must say ‘throws’ during its declaration.
public void go() throws myException
{int x = 0;
if(x==0)
{
throw new myException();
}}
Calling a risky method
• Whenever and wherever a risky method is called,
we should acknowledge the compiler that we
know!!!, it is an risky method, otherwise the
code will not compile.
• This is done by try/catch block.
Try/catch block and it’s flow
• public static void main(String[] args)
• {
• PrivateConst p = new PrivateConst();
• try
• {[Link]();

• }catch (myException ex)


• {
• [Link]("exception is handled");
• }
• }
• Flow of Try/catch block
Whenever a risky method is called, flow goes to the ‘try-block’,
if the method succeeded, then catch block never runs,
otherwise the try block never runs and only catch runs
Finally keyword
• Finally keyword is used to run a block of code irrespective of try/catch
block.
• Whether the try runs or catch runs, Finally block always runs.
• public static void main(String[] args)
• {
• PrivateConst p = new PrivateConst();
• try
• {[Link]();

• }catch (myException ex)


• {
• [Link]("exception is handled");
• }
• finally
• {
• [Link]("always runs");
• }
Multiple Exceptions
Exception Ducking and Duckers
Rules for Exception

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