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Java Spring Interview Cheatsheet

The document contains a collection of Java and Spring Boot interview questions and answers tailored for candidates with 3.5 years of experience. It covers core Java concepts, differences between various Java components, and key Spring Boot features including auto-configuration and dependency management. Additionally, it addresses advanced topics such as microservices, REST API security, and transaction handling in Spring Boot.

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Srinivas Reddy
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5 views2 pages

Java Spring Interview Cheatsheet

The document contains a collection of Java and Spring Boot interview questions and answers tailored for candidates with 3.5 years of experience. It covers core Java concepts, differences between various Java components, and key Spring Boot features including auto-configuration and dependency management. Additionally, it addresses advanced topics such as microservices, REST API security, and transaction handling in Spring Boot.

Uploaded by

Srinivas Reddy
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Java & Spring Boot Interview Questions and

Answers (3.5 Years Experience)

Core Java Interview Questions

Q: What is the difference between JDK, JRE, and JVM?


A: JDK (Java Development Kit) is for development, JRE (Java Runtime Environment) is for running
Java applications, and JVM (Java Virtual Machine) executes bytecode.

Q: Explain OOPS concepts in Java.


A: Four pillars: Encapsulation (data hiding), Inheritance (code reuse), Polymorphism (method
overloading/overriding), Abstraction (hiding implementation details).

Q: What are the differences between HashMap and Hashtable?


A: HashMap is non-synchronized, allows null keys/values, better for single-threaded apps.
Hashtable is synchronized, doesn’t allow null keys/values.

Q: What is the difference between final, finally, and finalize()?


A: final: keyword for constants, methods, and classes. finally: block in exception handling, always
executes. finalize(): method called by GC before object is destroyed.

Q: What are checked and unchecked exceptions?


A: Checked: compile-time (IOException, SQLException). Unchecked: runtime
(NullPointerException, ArithmeticException).

Spring Boot Interview Questions

Q: What is Spring Boot and how is it different from Spring?


A: Spring Boot simplifies Spring development with auto-configuration, embedded servers, and
opinionated starters.

Q: What are Spring Boot starters?


A: Predefined dependencies that simplify build configuration (e.g., spring-boot-starter-web).

Q: What is Spring Boot Auto-Configuration?


A: Automatically configures beans based on project dependencies.

Q: How does Spring Boot manage dependencies?


A: It uses a parent POM and dependency management for version control.

Q: What is the difference between @Component, @Service, @Repository, and @Controller?


A: @Component: generic bean, @Service: business logic, @Repository: persistence logic,
@Controller: web layer.

Advanced (Spring + Microservices) Questions

Q: What are Microservices and how does Spring Boot help build them?
A: Microservices are small, loosely coupled services. Spring Boot simplifies building microservices
with embedded servers, REST support, and integration with Spring Cloud.

Q: How do you secure REST APIs in Spring Boot?


A: Using Spring Security with JWT, OAuth2, or basic authentication.

Q: What is the difference between @RestController and @Controller?


A: @RestController = @Controller + @ResponseBody (sends JSON/XML responses). @Controller
is used for returning views.

Q: Explain Spring Boot Actuator.


A: Provides production-ready features like health checks, metrics, and monitoring.

Q: How to handle transactions in Spring Boot?


A: Using @Transactional annotation with propagation and isolation levels.

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