JavaScript Sorting Arrays
Sorting an Array
The sort() method sorts an array alphabetically:
Example
const fruits = ["Banana", "Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
[Link]();
Try it Yourself »
Reversing an Array
The reverse() method reverses the elements in an array.
You can use it to sort an array in descending order:
Example
const fruits = ["Banana", "Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
[Link]();
[Link]();
Try it Yourself »
Numeric Sort
By default, the sort() function sorts values as strings.
This works well for strings ("Apple" comes before "Banana").
However, if numbers are sorted as strings, "25" is bigger than "100", because
"2" is bigger than "1".
Because of this, the sort() method will produce incorrect result when sorting
numbers.
You can fix this by providing a compare function:
Example
const points = [40, 100, 1, 5, 25, 10];
[Link](function(a, b){return a - b});
Try it Yourself »
Use the same trick to sort an array descending:
Example
const points = [40, 100, 1, 5, 25, 10];
[Link](function(a, b){return b - a});
Try it Yourself »
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The Compare Function
The purpose of the compare function is to define an alternative sort order.
The compare function should return a negative, zero, or positive value,
depending on the arguments:
function(a, b){return a - b}
When the sort() function compares two values, it sends the values to the
compare function, and sorts the values according to the returned (negative,
zero, positive) value.
If the result is negative a is sorted before b.
If the result is positive b is sorted before a.
If the result is 0 no changes are done with the sort order of the two values.
Example:
The compare function compares all the values in the array, two values at a
time (a, b).
When comparing 40 and 100, the sort() method calls the compare function(40,
100).
The function calculates 40 - 100 (a - b), and since the result is negative (-60),
the sort function will sort 40 as a value lower than 100.
You can use this code snippet to experiment with numerically and alphabetically
sorting:
<button Alphabetically</button>
<button Numerically</button>
<p id="demo"></p>
<script>
const points = [40, 100, 1, 5, 25, 10];
[Link]("demo").innerHTML = points;
function myFunction1() {
[Link]();
[Link]("demo").innerHTML = points;
}
function myFunction2() {
[Link](function(a, b){return a - b});
[Link]("demo").innerHTML = points;
}
</script>
Try it Yourself »
Sorting an Array in Random Order
Example
const points = [40, 100, 1, 5, 25, 10];
[Link](function(a, b){return 0.5 - [Link]()});
Try it Yourself »
The Fisher Yates Method
The above example, [Link](), is not accurate, it will favor some numbers
over the others.
The most popular correct method, is called the Fisher Yates shuffle, and was
introduced in data science as early as 1938!
In JavaScript the method can be translated to this:
Example
const points = [40, 100, 1, 5, 25, 10];
for (let i = [Link] -1; i > 0; i--) {
let j = [Link]([Link]() * i)
let k = points[i]
points[i] = points[j]
points[j] = k
}
Try it Yourself »
Find the Highest (or Lowest) Array
Value
There are no built-in functions for finding the max or min value in an array.
However, after you have sorted an array, you can use the index to obtain the
highest and lowest values.
Sorting ascending:
Example
const points = [40, 100, 1, 5, 25, 10];
[Link](function(a, b){return a - b});
// now points[0] contains the lowest value
// and points[[Link]-1] contains the highest value
Try it Yourself »
Sorting descending:
Example
const points = [40, 100, 1, 5, 25, 10];
[Link](function(a, b){return b - a});
// now points[0] contains the highest value
// and points[[Link]-1] contains the lowest value
Try it Yourself »
Sorting a whole array is a very inefficient method if you only want to find the
highest (or lowest) value.
Using [Link]() on an Array
You can use [Link] to find the highest number in an array:
Example
function myArrayMax(arr) {
return [Link](null, arr);
}
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[Link](null, [1, 2, 3]) is equivalent to [Link](1, 2, 3).
Using [Link]() on an Array
You can use [Link] to find the lowest number in an array:
Example
function myArrayMin(arr) {
return [Link](null, arr);
}
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[Link](null, [1, 2, 3]) is equivalent to [Link](1, 2, 3).
My Min / Max JavaScript Methods
The fastest solution is to use a "home made" method.
This function loops through an array comparing each value with the highest
value found:
Example (Find Max)
function myArrayMax(arr) {
let len = [Link];
let max = -Infinity;
while (len--) {
if (arr[len] > max) {
max = arr[len];
}
}
return max;
}
Try it Yourself »
This function loops through an array comparing each value with the lowest value
found:
Example (Find Min)
function myArrayMin(arr) {
let len = [Link];
let min = Infinity;
while (len--) {
if (arr[len] < min) {
min = arr[len];
}
}
return min;
}
Try it Yourself »
Sorting Object Arrays
JavaScript arrays often contain objects:
Example
const cars = [
{type:"Volvo", year:2016},
{type:"Saab", year:2001},
{type:"BMW", year:2010}
];
Even if objects have properties of different data types, the sort() method can be
used to sort the array.
The solution is to write a compare function to compare the property values:
Example
[Link](function(a, b){return [Link] - [Link]});
Try it Yourself »
Comparing string properties is a little more complex:
Example
[Link](function(a, b){
let x = [Link]();
let y = [Link]();
if (x < y) {return -1;}
if (x > y) {return 1;}
return 0;
});
Try it Yourself »
Complete Array Reference
For a complete Array reference, go to our:
Complete JavaScript Array Reference.
The reference contains descriptions and examples of all Array properties and
methods.
Test Yourself With Exercises
Exercise:
Use the correct Array method to sort the fruits array alphabetically.
const fruits = ["Banana", "Orange", "Apple", "Kiwi"];
;
Submit Answer »
Start the Exercise
