Lexicals in Jaya

Character Set
C
Encoding [Link] Unicode-16 ASC-II 1/8
Bita 1616 Brits 7 bibs/8bits

Total characts 65536 1R8 256

Allan guageare 84pporcable Only mgluh

Uhicode PAT \ THIT Hexadecimal aT
AT1
A 1uo04
3 146
16564
8192
u0g6 2049
5R 56 R8 64 32 16 64 2I
0000o0o o000 oo65
T L
0
4

Minimum Valut in
unicode> \u0000
Maximum valu in unicodle >
\uffff/\uFFFF
 Tokens

Kaguord denti firr Ponchuator Hlhite spares Litmal

Keyuord Predefined tokeng Meaning aor word (Fix)/Reseried

-

(48+2
goto const aar non uorking reervd
kepo0rd
entibier Alphabt, Nymber, Underscore T Curmeysmbsls
($.4,7 ete)
Ex oid hegillo t
static void heoacllo t)

Punchuator symbols ( , i,i,t,-,x d]

-

P Symbols fBavaT Uuc compiler *1|

Ahiteepaces Exter, Tab, space Program Rendable aitd 1)

1AT Compiler ignor aTT 1
 Literal

Number Tet

ntper (48) Single charactr String

uoy "Hello
DeCimal Octa! Hexadedindi biary 'A "Hello es
35,17 065OX5 obro000 tC
td 0 X 8) o- of charat

Real

fbat lHb) Double (8 8)

?5f 5
binary
int a =ob1o0 0001;
Systm- uth- priethn (al); Op-> 65
chay a= ob10oo001;
Syastm-0ueb-prth (a); Olp+ A

int a- 2,365
Sytm- out-printInlal; p7 Error
Split ndto deckraion and
asignreut
4-02-22

Opeyadors in Java
-

Aivthmatic oprator-
Almost Same as Cand C+t
Java flood emider () aH &
E float Q-11,b
Systm 0utpriv-ln/ a 6];
Op 1-0

gnore mewt, Decrtment-(Java pre-u8e-post Et ZA '

Ex- public chss CAB 1

public staric void main (5tring

arg ti
Floar Q-5, b=6, C-0;
596 +

Systom 0ut printh( c);

b
Systm 0ut prirtlh (a);
O/p 19
6 6
Ex Imt a-5:
Systm-0ut prmth(att+ +4 t a-t--;
576 t 7 1 6 t5
Op7 Q

ype casting im Jav

Jva inbult baa uidnjing (utomaticaliy

Taryrouing allotw t at mplicit Tc
User manualy aiT 75TTEI Explicit TC

Ex
Ex inta=10-5X narrouing
X
( daturype float str double
nt a 5 1f x vabu d dabtye ict ¥ inkialie
TYT Error AAIE1)
Float a 5 lidening
short &byte-
ExShort a-2;
short b-3
short C0
Catb,
systm- 0ut pintln[c); , c -(sbort| atb;
O/p-> Error Java short atr byeke s TET opea-ion

frshore r bgkt stort Ts7uAHUT Emr

 Numevic romotion
byte r short , dakafgpes WtH4s at operakion

Ex bute a-5
bufe ba3;
byke C 0
C-at+b
Sstmout prindlh (c)j
O/p- error

Datarpe Size
baol (bavkan) undefined (1bit)
byte 1 B
3 char ?8
4 Shord 8
48
float 46
7 Jong 88
8 double 8B

x C5 datetype km*i(¢* shoret along it * |

Ex int a-5 it a-
55;narrouing X
double b 3-3 double b- 33;

Systm-0out printIn (atb); Sop (a46);

Op>8:3 Wideming Op EroY

Ex loa a-5-5; Error

floaf - 5:5f;
float a (floaf) 5-s ; v TC by user (sr T REÅT¢

Relational/ Comperarive oprrador

,,
7 , > , == , !=
C Compilr zAT Output hr relational Operator 8PTK
OAT1 Jorm OAT Java H Tue r false
, as ur Java ù 37IT T
databype bool (bmlean)
-

bolad True str false valu GTat *

Ex int a-5,b- 3
Systmout printen (a76);
O/p True

Ex Ixt -5, b=3;

Systtm-0ut psinfln( a==b);
O/p False

Java Relakional operaror Result, boolean type T

Logical Operator
0/1 bIHT W&

Binavy Umary
&4 Logiral AND
3Logcl Ne
, loqical 0R
- u fJava EURT Tue false ù6uW KAT
 AND J sfalke op falk
OR HTrut T 0/p True

EXSystem- out- println ( 576 4& RI =13);

o/p fal&e

5,b-6 Haa Q5, b--6

a 44 b a 44 b
5 8-6
544-6
tnye 43 tmue
op1 Op true

ExSystm- out printn 576 |

!{R1=09) );
o/p false Sale ll!(True)
False
bitwise/ Low level operator

Unary Binar
1(omplomeut AND
OR
3 A -OR
4
L4 Shift
5 7 Right Shift
nput Outpat Unsigned
Right shift
Binary New value

> (Unsigned Right Shift) -

FHMSB( Most slgnificant bit) # ART o et

Ex
System-out-privdn (5<<a); 0p 20
System-out- pintn/ 50>2a); Op12
Systmout println( 50-0>720); op Enror float X
System out printlh{ 1 >7 3);
yp-1 (ntsl aR
3,4,5cte qns abw
Ex Sustmout pmrint ln507772) Op 12
unsigned
Hourtie wmber kr=ft st arr Right shift mt mse
always ro entr INT, TtATT p aHT Same AIT
H50>7 2 8TA 50 2, gngwer R I
R- Negative Nun ber O/p Same Tt Ar}UTT
System out priutIn (-I >>2); p
Sustem out privtin (1>Y>) ; o/p 1073 7HI0R3
Signed (3 bit *

Assignmact Operator
-Binary opPrafor GT R-valu -value store ar
singe valu) (variable)
EX a-5
5,6,7 O/p 5
6-0
-43
-(5,6, 7), Op 1
5 6 a=(541,6), (141); olp->8
a/-5+
a /l5+3);
1o/(S+2);
1
Miscellaneouk Operator
Size of () Java H x

Ternary/Conditional operafor (?:)

A ?B:C
ATrue alse
Candri--

Ex-
Systm-our printin| 5<lo ? +3 : *3);
0lp 5

Vaviable in Jav

Same a CC
Use F Flexibility Reusabilit
Variable is a 8pace in menory (RAM) which
stores 8ome
value har can be changed
during program exe cution
 Control Stafm tnt in Java

Coutrol stutrmest cowrols tlow of

program.

bramching Loping Jumping

i-de .
For break
sWIth-Ca8 while goto xJa
do-while -

Continue
for-each L 7ctun
 Ex il (
Sustem. out printin ("Hello"
elst
[Link] printn (" Hi ");
O/p Error FIT Java 4-che, o11 w-t
tue /false uork AT&

E ivt a-34 b-23

if (ab)
System out privtln( "hilo")
Systm outprintlh (° Hi"]:
Olp Hello

Swirtth (a)
Cae 1 5-0p ("A"), benk;
C0e(1+1): S.0.p. ("8");
Cage('A): S0p("c");
default S-0-p-("X"); brak; OlpB
C
Ex for( int i-I; i-5;it|

Cowtinue i
Olp->1
3
Sqstm out- printnl7); 4

Ex int a-3;
while (a<-5)
i f (a==4) Ofp-> nnif lop
X 3
Coninui
else
Systm out printin (a);
Ex int a=3;
, whilt (a «=b)
O/p4
break;
else
S-0-p-(++0);*
Ex int a-3
do
,x lt (==4

brpak;
else
System-out pricdtin ++a); ;
while (a<=o);True
O/p 4
 Array in Java

syntax
int ati= new intt [ size];
- - - -

Java, dunamic 8I 3HT QYray,TUntime R NT

3HTRPT new uBe BT|
int EJa 1 ixt at RAR dAT UEFT
it
avray type (Vayiable)

Smitiakrzcahon
int at] =
new int Li
f,3,33,44, 55};
Snitialize
T time size meution 48t
RG
Tava H) array, inser t snt values
{u23,35, 14 s
4PHeIT GHITHT AR Eror r hanele
Compiler
int a[]= new int
Taj {U,3,35; X Erov
Ex int a L] -
new iut [ ,33, 35, 44, 55 ;

Systm-out priutln( a [31);

Olp 44
Ex Syetem: out println(a[s1);
0/p eroY araybound out of ndex

C/
Ctallow èar F3HA pointrr
ar 1-2 p/ace TT A5 memory
Occupy a ?

for-each ( terator)

Array tndex out of bound, problem ¥Au 1recbr

COncept GHbAT JPAT

Syntax
for (Tterator : Name of Anay)

herator Tpes al vales(int, double ee

-lopltrvatbr), q7--F (automatically) array t fst value lara
 C

d ime Javq i (valaes) fara i

Ex
Ex t atj =
new int [i {1,23,33, 44, 55 3;
for (ind i:a)
System out printBn[i);
33
33
44
55

Ex Syskmout println (aru);

o/p ror Arrqy ndex out of bound
Ex double ai new doubleI7 1, 9-3, 3-3;
=

for (dooble i:a

Systm out privefin (t);
Olp 11
22
3.3
35-08-R

Java String Pooling

C Java

char Stj"ABC"; String SI-"UTKARSH"

String sa- "UTkARSH"
chersI "Age
SI ARC SI ABC
S

C Compiler, location -

Java valuts (Conteut]

Compart WrHT PIMI A Compare k TH&FH
String(Poinder), Compile time Same String ftaat vauus same
Sa,51
S2, 51 87poiut atesta poiut srt &1 st valus
ar8T memory Adrss stt
 C
Java
#include <stdio th
4 include <conio-h
void main public staic void main (String
argr1
chay S1t:"UTKARSH"'; String $1 "UTKAASH";
chor 5L-"UTKAASH"; String S UTKARSH";
chsro
51- Sa)
prinf( "Yes"); Systm out-prindn " Yes ");
else
else
printf " No"} Systom-out-printdn("No");
Address
Compared
Location Values matehed
O/p NO mismathed Olp Yes
-

E String S1 =" UTRARSH";

String S4-"UTKARSH"
Strig 53- "utkarsh'; String S"UTARSH";
i4 s1-53) l (51= S2)
Sro-p-(Yes"); Sysken out-printhn" Yey");
else else
S-0-P("No");
[Link]-privnt in ("No");
olp No valuas misnatr 0lp No valaes mismadrhed
hashcode (1
HT method B ue, object Adress r

Ex public stafic void main(String ag [i

String S1= "UTKARSH";

Stving Sa = "UTKARSH"

Systm-outpritin| 54); p UTKARSH

System-aut priutIn(51+s9]); /p UTKARSH U TKARSH
Systm-ou-prinkbh(s14 ""+t); ohUTKAQSH UTKARSH
S.0-p-([Link])+ " '+S2-hashedeu); Opr 60453RI78 60453178

String $1="UTKARSH";
String 52= " UARSH";
S.0-p- [Link]) +" "+S-hash@cet ); ap> 604532179 80517147
new ktpoord
Sring
String s1 nw String ("UTKARSH'|;
Shring
String $2 Mew String( "UTKARSH");
il (s1-53
Systmout-priuth("Yes");
ebe
Systm out printIn ("No ";
Op7 No

G S1 AOT new aThString s1 T"UTKARSH*

mmory% addres (AAT100 HT store T
CHT S T new fRI AT String 58 6T "vTKSH"
mmory PB T address (Les aume 200 Store gAT|
neLw 51 u8e, poling dsadvandag! a àfau kATan
poproIngoignal memorydaka/value*
overdap #
means poling ¥ $2 daa/value r change Kaft change
51atar oaraTtjfamdr orignal String danage e md
 Shring s- nau String ("UTKASH");
string 93- neuw String ("UTHASH");
S-0-P-(51 hashcode(14""4 s2-haghCde);
0lp 6045 3178 6045 3 178

[Link]-pritIn[ S1= = 53);

l p false Addyess Compare

Sysemout- printIn (s1 eguals(s2));

0lp true yayes compare

if(S1= S)
S-0p-( Yes");
Op- No Addrewes tonpared
else
S.0p(" No");

(s1 equals(52)
S-0-p("Yes;
else olpYes Value Compared
S0-p-"No ");

X new string T Y AT ==,

-equaly AT qn8er Ya
Compare To l) -

T Strings faar difertnce 4IAT&I

Ex String S1 new String (" UTKARSH";

Strmg
Strimg $2 e u String("UTKARSH";
Systrm-ouk-printnl st. compare To (s2));
p-0
Ex- String $3 =new String("ATKARSH");
String S4 neuw String" 6TKARSH";
Systm- out-print/n (52- CompartTo (54));
olp |
 Constructor

Java Costructor NYUFT dstryctor et et

EX
public class CAB1

- - Congtructor
CAG1 efult

Systm out-prinddn "Hello );

public stahe void main ( String argta

CAB1 A new CAB1 (l; - - - -

Constructor 7
aHT objert ATAEt

Olp 3 Hello

Java Constructor sitz me thod Gai T -HHT class aIH

Constructor AT void 18f AURTI

Ex public clas CAB1
- Constructor
CAB1(1

Systm ouf-prinftin("Hello ");

Normal Mehod
void CAB1I

Systm-out privdln ('H"1:

public static void main (String argt

CAB1 A neu CAB1 ; Constructor Tobjectam
-- nethod 5Tobject
A. CAB1;

Op7 Hello
Hi

Tava H frimd Jnction sit rimd chs-t Ht eik

salety RrJomphole
this object- keyword

Java this poinfer(->) T this ohject r araT?

H data srvariable Name, Same H His HI u8e
public class CAB1

inta
CAB 1 (int yl

void Hello )

t a-30;
Systm- out println (this-a); i [Link]-(a);
Olp 30
public Stafic void main (Strimg apti
CAB1 Anaw CAB1 (1o) ;
[Link]();

O/p->10
 onhreritance in daya.

Tava inheritance afear extmds kapunrd UBe PAT

TITHFT& Java 5 program Hg mmber
Ex clase Aple
public int a; - s tatic public int a;
HelloR mainl
public clas8 CAB exfends Apple
Void Hellotl --i stadic void Hello()
Eror
a-1 Fstake mcHod,non- stahie
Sgstm-out-prindln/a);
public staric void main(String agri]
CAB1 A- ntlhy CAB1) i
-- -12
System outpritnla);
A Hello ()
O/p-> Eror
PT main () static &t
ronstatic inta à diret
p712
 Package 4import
-Package Javafolder à use BurT}
ae HIRT T Arrange r |
Same ngme Giet files manage (collisionHHT

Fully Qualified Name

-
jat st method 8 s4t clau stt Blprevious)
package
IH&A, T parkage *HeBs GArT
Ex
package pack; package Computer;
public class pack public clas Harduare
ublic stabic void main(String t7 args publie stahie void keboard ty

Compudrr Harduare-kybordt;Systm out printh/"his i

keyboard";
-

Enpty Package- rty color *hckage withelases- Yellu

Color
 import
-

package, import et aAIT,FEV6d clases r import Pr

THATHT(closses storic methods 8rst )
Program6tfirst line EPRIT package art,import t1

Ex package pack ; - - - -

Aluays program t first lihe

,

impork Camputer. Hardware

public clag8 Pack
public static void main
(String E] args
Hardware keyboard (l3
o/p- This is keyboard
import 3tatment

clas&es mettiod
import staic impor
import Apple *j inpor:staBic Computtr Haduar.
Aple package RT closscs import keybuard;
Computer-package
import Apple Banana Hardware-clas8
Apple packiage st3T7 Banana dlas keyboard- stutic metiod
 Types of inheri ton ce in Java

Single dnheritance

MulH lerel inheridance

C
 3

Heimchy tnhri tance

Thvamulfiple mheritance etEmTFI

-

HET C clas a st
anbiuily&rofs

a, class C * mheritzaT?
C
ar class A 7Eclass 8 3
Jara tror t t
-

uaatc++ Mhudkple inheitave

aldou Feitt s t class i t
member HTaT& TE AUTclass Name
AIAT
A::0 8::0
-

Jiya Sope esalationoperator(:]Tt

4 JavaHybnid inkeridance adlw uet virkval iwheritare
allow INT|( Diamond problem

Super Keyword
Super Keyaoord WT parent clas member Ar child claas r

Super keyword ZRT Pareut clay metod As anarAIT

Means Super T funetion calling ai H WT
Only noy-static methods at
Stabic mehod non-stafic members u8e
.
Super non-8tafic 4Tobjecth member use
static classmenber t 1
vAAI
Ex closs Apple

Apple U) Constructor

Q-100;

public chss lack ertmds Agple

it a
Pack ( Consgtructov
a=50
void display () -----
Normal Mehod

Systrm out printio (supr-a); Sop(a)s

L p2 50
public stahic vaid main (String t) args)
Pack D- new Pack );
P-display t;
3
p-l00
Ex- class Aple

nt a
Aple ()
-100
veid pdisplay l
void displayl
Sgstm-0ut pridn (a): }
public class Pack extnds Apple
t a
Pack ()
=50
void display
spsem-ou printn(al:3
public static vaid main (String Ii
args)
Pack P-nu Pack11; P-display 0
L-
P polisplay; O/p9 50
0/p- l0o
50 [Link]
Pdisplay (0;
3
Ex7 class Apple

static t stt non-stahic methl

Apple (1
EPAIT hon-taic arobje«t
a-100 ember
through WATTKAI?1
void dis ()
Sgstom-out prinbin (a) i3

public dlass Pack extmds Apple

int a;
pack Lq-50:
void diaplay 11
hon-stahie metha
Part clos
superdis (1;
. -

--- dsu sperENT

inheriddur
Spstom 0out printJn (stpeT a);
~super, parest ek,=
oublie static void main (String IJ angs ) non-static dah
T Ter ETN
L
Pack P=new Pack 1;
Pdisplay I0; Super dis () Enrov
T main(1 static è o
O/p2 100 Ton-static metkod dis()
100
38-02-23

Super I1- Constructor chaining in Jav

34RT3aNT child class onstnuctor
super clas
COnsbuctor z&Nr fon HATÝ1
Ex class Apple
int a;
Apple t
System-0ut privtln ("super Class "li
public class ack extnds Apple
ipt a, Java internalla
Pack (1 Super1 CATAIEI

System-0ut printbn[ "Child clay");7

public static void main (String I] args
fack P-nuy fackl0; - -

Child clay Pack 57oljet

-r-
HTA &SERT Onstructr
p upey class KI(aubomatcalla)
constretort
s
Chid dlass super clas App.k
Aple () HTpoHi |
Ex class Apple
i
ple (it gl

Sptem-out- pridln ly]ià

public clas8 Pack extmds Apple
int a
Pack( t x
Super(+30);
Systom-out- privdn |a;

public static void main (String [] args Start

Pack -ruw Pack (50]; 0

Op 80
50
 inol
Java Const sit7 goto -H , 3HTT Final

fina variable -

value change EAT |

Expublic class Pack

pack (1

final int- 4s
a-55

Systm-aud-printIn/a);
Qublic static void
main(String ti args
Pack P-new fackl);
3
3 Op- Error Remove Finad modifier from
yariabk t
final method OVeTeidmg - aft
Ex
class Apple
void Hello (1 final void Hello/
Syotom 0u-println/'Superclas;

public clas Pack extmds Appe

void Hllo 1

Systom Out prinéIn("Child cla")

public static void main ( String E] args

Pack D=nw fack (
P. Hello (17

p Child clay 0/p7 Error

Ovmaiding Ovnmeiding X
3final clay -4nhrit et wusi

Ex final class Aple

yoid Hello 1

Suptem- out-prindn ["Super clas"

public clau adk ertnds Apple

void Hi t
Syetm-oud prindh ("Child cay"): }
public static void main (String I arg
Pack D-neuw Pack ;
[Link]

Op EryDY CanTor inhernit fnod ces

Aple
 Annotation

76 Starting 8nft (Venfiakion method/ndiador

Ex
class Apple

void Helloty
fS:op( "Super Clos");Í

public clas Pack extmds Apple

@Ovraidt - void Helb(int <) x

yoid Hello1 - -- Void hellot)x
S-0-p-( Child Clow"); Override Eror

qublic storic vaid main (String EI argsl

Pack P- n lack (l;
[Link] (1
Olp7 Child Class
 Upcastimg / Rumtime Palmorphism

Super class oT Refertnce Child cla ohject d

Refor PAHI

Supey Class Relrce Child class Obect

Supar clas& Reerence, Child cla Object har

Super clags member point r 3
STTAT&

Super Child
M
MiR
M2
super R1 Child R2
Ex- ublic static void main (Sring ti args)
fack Pnew Pack); v Apple P- nto lackll;
[Link] () P-Hellol),
O/p> Child clay p Child class
o 1 - 0 3 - 2 3

Abstract class
Pltclass aHD abstaet methiod HT
Abstract method-
HT melhod ftaet body -Te8 T
=0
pare virtuad fanction &1 IHT?

Normal Method- void helo t

Abstract Method abstract void hello ti;

Staie Method static void hello (

Delaut Mehod- dmtvoid helo i

3
Jara&yTversions noma punetion, ntrkace
STAT JRT TT
myna unchion HTE #kTHT*1
 Ctt Ahrtdact ches st datnfare T %t Mx
GHT Java HUT- 3HT

Abstract cla88
Pardial Abstraction l00 Abstraction
Some function abstract
All ave abstract fr tong
5ome noYma
Java 8 dntrface
static method H dehult method
add Barapr
Multipe inheritmce X Mutiplk imheritance \
SHIRTimplrmentotear taran1
Data str mefhod teatsft -by delaul i data, Anal à
stethod, pblic gar
Start aith abstract kypuwd
tort oith nterkace keyuord.
 Normal clus8 Abstract class drerface
class Aple abstract clov Apple ntertace Apple

4nheritance Snheritance Jnheritance X

Ex indrrface Apple
int a-5
abstract void Helln;
3
public class Pack implemnts Apple
pablic voidHello t) ---
void Hello ( Error
djaut
-- Int q-93; 6mr mthod public
Sysem out printhn[ a) ;} iutorfaceL_E
daka
chaneX by delauls Ainal m
ublic gtatic void main( String ]
args
ack P-neb Pack (;
P. Hello t);

3 p-5
 Esception Handling
try,throw. catch, trous, Finally- 5
Kaywords
Sinally Method &HT exception sm A7-T 3
T condrtions PT7
Ex
void Helo (1

it a-10 jintb- s
nt b-o; a
trySystm out-privetin ( .
Exception FTt
catch HATI
catth Exception e] t S.0-p-(e);} Arihmehe tseption
finallg Systm-aut privdIn l" Amally Excepon "); 3
public staric void main Lfnaly
(String ]
args
Pack D-nuw Pack1; e- java-Aritmmahic
kxcepti on:/by d
P-Hello 1

ap 5 ---try TI
Finaly Exception --- finally ATI
 throws

tyouws EANT Method HATRT TT Caller fnction

Toetify
Totiby NHITr method * Eeption 3T H
package pack; package Compuber;
import [Link];
public clas Pack public clas Hardonve

pablic static Yoid main(string lian public void kuboard ) t#rowe Avithmatic
Excgption
Harduee H-nu Harduare; Eint q=10
nt b-0

cakch (Exaæption el Systn -out println/a/b) ;

S-0-p" EH Saccoutll"ijl

Op7 EH Sucess full

-
AET ackape computer; T throws Rautar package pack; aT neti
W ETo clauy Hardoart, import stm&seir Arthmatie Exeytin
Error 3H2tI
 Types of Eception

Checked hception Vochecked Exception Error

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Compiletime excytion-Runtime excepkion non-addresable

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Compiler idudify Wr Compile thine îridudhik !

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try -cath TreAT -bry-cath TRraan

aTRT(Compilation3
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eror show TEI

ror- unrypored excptin Error- Arihmahe agtin

le not found Exception.
mAytbe Caught or derlared
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 System out -prirtbn ();

class maun
class main Class Printsbream
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Gaphical program in Java

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