CONDITIONAL & LOOPING STATEMENTS IN
JAVA
Conditional Statements: Used for decision making based on conditions.
Looping Statements: Used to repeat a block of code multiple times.
IF Statement
Definition: Executes block only when condition is true.
Syntax:
if(condition){
statements;
}
Use Case: Checking multiple independent conditions.
Example Program:
import [Link];
public class IfExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner([Link]);
[Link]("Enter number:");
int n = [Link]();
if(n > 0){
[Link]("Positive");
}
if(n % 2 == 0){
[Link]("Even");
}
if(n > 100){
[Link]("Greater than 100");
}
[Link]("End");
}
}
Output:
Enter number: 120
Positive
Even
Greater than 100
End
IF-ELSE Statement
Definition: Executes one block if true otherwise another.
Syntax:
if(condition){
statements;
}else{
statements;
}
Use Case: Binary decisions like pass/fail.
Example Program:
import [Link];
public class IfElseExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner([Link]);
[Link]("Enter number:");
int n = [Link]();
if(n >= 0){
[Link]("Positive");
} else {
[Link]("Negative");
}
if(n % 2 == 0){
[Link]("Even");
} else {
[Link]("Odd");
}
[Link]("End");
}
}
Output:
Enter number: -5
Negative
Odd
End
Nested IF Statement
Definition: An if inside another if.
Syntax:
if(condition){
if(condition){ }
}
Use Case: Multi-level decision making.
Example Program:
import [Link];
public class NestedIfExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner([Link]);
[Link]("Enter age:");
int age = [Link]();
if(age >= 18){
if(age >= 60){
[Link]("Senior Citizen");
} else if(age >= 30){
[Link]("Adult");
} else {
[Link]("Young Adult");
}
} else {
[Link]("Minor");
}
[Link]("Done");
}
}
Output:
Enter age: 35
Adult
Done
Switch Statement
Definition: Executes one case among many.
Syntax:
switch(expression){
case value: break;
}
Use Case: Menu-driven programs.
Example Program:
import [Link];
public class SwitchExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner([Link]);
[Link]("Enter choice:");
int ch = [Link]();
switch(ch){
case 1:
[Link]("Add");
break;
case 2:
[Link]("Subtract");
break;
case 3:
[Link]("Multiply");
break;
default:
[Link]("Invalid");
}
[Link]("End");
}
}
Output:
Enter choice: 2
Subtract
End
FOR LOOP
Definition: Loop with initialization, condition and update.
Syntax:
for(init; condition; update){
statements;
}
Use Case: Fixed iterations.
Example Program:
public class ForExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int sum = 0;
for(int i=1;i<=5;i++){
[Link](i);
sum = sum + i;
}
[Link]("Sum="+sum);
[Link]("End");
}
}
Output:
1
2
3
4
5
Sum=15
End
WHILE LOOP
Definition: Executes while condition is true.
Syntax:
while(condition){
statements;
}
Use Case: Unknown iterations.
Example Program:
public class WhileExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int i=1;
int sum=0;
while(i<=5){
[Link](i);
sum=sum+i;
i++;
}
[Link]("Sum="+sum);
[Link]("End");
}
}
Output:
1
2
3
4
5
Sum=15
End
DO-WHILE LOOP
Definition: Executes at least once.
Syntax:
do{
statements;
}while(condition);
Use Case: At least one execution required.
Example Program:
public class DoWhileExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int i=1;
int sum=0;
do{
[Link](i);
sum=sum+i;
i++;
}while(i<=5);
[Link]("Sum="+sum);
[Link]("End");
}
}
Output:
1
2
3
4
5
Sum=15
End
