JavaScript Cheat Sheet
1️⃣ Variables
let x = 10; // Can be reassigned, cannot be redeclared in the same
scope
var y = 20; // Can be reassigned and redeclared
const z = 30; // Cannot be reassigned
2️⃣ Data Types
let number = 10; // Number
let text = "Hello"; // String
let isActive = true; // Boolean
let empty = null; // Null
let notDefined; // Undefined
let user = { name: "kaiser" }; // Object
let list = [1, 2, 3]; // Array
JavaScript is dynamically typed.
Use typeof to check type:
typeof 10; // "number"
typeof "Hello"; // "string"
3️⃣ Conditions
if / else
let age = 30;
if (age === 30) {
[Link]("C'est 30");
} else {
[Link]("Ce n'est pas 30");
}
Ternary
age === 30 ? [Link]("C'est 30") : [Link]("Ce n'est pas 30");
switch
let grade = "B";
switch (grade) {
case "A": [Link]("Très bien"); break;
case "B": [Link]("Bien"); break;
default: [Link]("Réessayer");
}
4️⃣ Loops
for
for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) [Link](i);
while
let i = 0;
while (i < 5) {
[Link](i);
i++;
}
do...while
let j = 0;
do {
[Link](j);
j++;
} while (j < 5);
do...while executes at least once.
5️⃣ Scope
Global Scope: accessible everywhere
let a = 10;
function test() {
[Link](a); // accessible
}
Local Scope: only inside function
function test() {
let b = 20;
[Link](b);
}
// [Link](b); ❌ Error
Block Scope ( let / const )
if (true) {
let c = 30;
const d = 40;
}
// [Link](c); ❌ Error
var ignores block scope (function-scoped only).
6️⃣ Functions
Default parameters & template literals
function sayHello(name = "personne", age = 0) {
[Link](`Bonjour ${name}`);
[Link](`Âge : ${age}`);
}
sayHello("Fatima Zahra", 30);
Types
1. Function Declaration
function add(a, b) { return a + b; }
[Link](add(2, 3));
2. Function Expression
const multiply = function(a, b) { return a * b; };
[Link](multiply(2, 3));
3. Arrow Function
const subtract = (a, b) => a - b;
[Link](subtract(5, 2));
7️⃣ Arrays
let fruits = ["pomme", "banane", "orange"];
[Link](fruits[0]); // "pomme"
// Add elements
[Link]("kiwi"); // end
[Link]("mangue"); // start
// Remove elements
[Link](); // end
[Link](); // start
// Length
[Link]([Link]);
Loop through array
for (let fruit of fruits) [Link](fruit);
[Link](fruit => [Link](fruit));
8️⃣ Objects
let person = { name: "kaiser", age: 30 };
// Access
[Link]([Link]);
[Link](person["age"]);
// Add or modify
[Link] = "Japane";
[Link] = 24;
// Delete
delete [Link];
9️⃣ Destructuring
Array destructuring
let numbers = [1, 2, 3];
let [a, b] = numbers; // a=1, b=2
// Spread operator
let moreNumbers = [ ... numbers, 4, 5]; // [1,2,3,4,5]
Object destructuring
let user = { name: "Ali", age: 30 };
// Destructure
let { name, age } = user;
// Spread operator
let newUser = { ... user, city: "Casablanca" };
10️⃣ Array Methods
let nums = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
// filter: elements that match condition
let even = [Link](n => n % 2 === 0); // [2,4]
// map: transform elements
let squares = [Link](n => n * n); // [1,4,9,16,25]
// reduce: single value from array
let sum = [Link]((acc, n) => acc + n, 0); // 15
// find: first matching element
let firstEven = [Link](n => n % 2 === 0); // 2
// some & every
[Link](n => n > 4); // true
[Link](n => n > 0); // true
