Chapter 1: Introduction to Java
Java is a high-level, object-oriented programming language developed by Sun Microsystems in
1995.
It is platform-independent because of the Java Virtual Machine (JVM).
Java is widely used for web applications, Android development, enterprise systems, and desktop
applications.
Example Code:
public class HelloWorld {
public static void main(String[] args) {
[Link]("Hello, World!");
}
}
Chapter 2: Features of Java
Simple, Object-Oriented, Platform Independent, Secure, Robust, Multithreaded, Portable, and High
Performance.
Java programs are compiled into bytecode which runs on JVM.
Chapter 3: Java Installation & Setup
Install JDK (Java Development Kit).
Set JAVA_HOME environment variable.
Use javac to compile and java to run programs.
Chapter 4: Java Program Structure
Every Java program has a class definition.
Execution starts from main() method.
Curly braces define blocks of code.
Chapter 5: Variables in Java
Variables store data values.
Types: int, float, double, char, boolean, String.
Java is strongly typed language.
Example Code:
int age = 20;
double salary = 50000.50;
String name = "John";
Chapter 6: Data Types
Primitive types: byte, short, int, long, float, double, char, boolean.
Non-primitive types: String, Arrays, Classes.
Chapter 7: Operators
Arithmetic, Relational, Logical, Assignment, Unary, Ternary operators.
Example Code:
int a = 10, b = 5;
[Link](a + b);
[Link](a > b);
Chapter 8: Conditional Statements
if, if-else, else-if ladder, switch statements are used for decision making.
Example Code:
if(age >= 18){
[Link]("Adult");
} else {
[Link]("Minor");
}
Chapter 9: Loops in Java
for loop, while loop, do-while loop are used for iteration.
Example Code:
for(int i=0; i<5; i++){
[Link](i);
}
Chapter 10: Arrays
Arrays store multiple values of same type.
Index starts from 0.
Example Code:
int[] numbers = {1,2,3,4};
[Link](numbers[0]);
Chapter 11: Strings
String is a class in Java.
Strings are immutable.
Example Code:
String s = "Hello";
[Link]([Link]());
Chapter 12: Methods
Methods define reusable blocks of code.
They may return values.
Example Code:
public static int add(int a, int b){
return a + b;
}
Chapter 13: Object-Oriented Programming
OOP concepts: Class, Object, Inheritance, Polymorphism, Encapsulation, Abstraction.
Chapter 14: Classes and Objects
Class is blueprint of object.
Object is instance of class.
Example Code:
class Student {
String name;
int age;
}
Chapter 15: Constructors
Constructor initializes objects.
Same name as class.
Chapter 16: Inheritance
Inheritance allows one class to acquire properties of another class using extends keyword.
Chapter 17: Polymorphism
Method overloading and method overriding are types of polymorphism.
Chapter 18: Encapsulation
Wrapping data and methods into single unit.
Achieved using private variables and getters/setters.
Chapter 19: Abstraction
Hiding implementation details.
Achieved using abstract classes and interfaces.
Chapter 20: Interfaces
Interface contains abstract methods.
Implemented using implements keyword.
Chapter 21: Exception Handling
Handled using try, catch, finally, throw, throws.
Example Code:
try {
int x = 10/0;
} catch(Exception e){
[Link](e);
}
Chapter 22: File Handling
Java supports file reading and writing using File, FileReader, FileWriter classes.
Chapter 23: Collections Framework
Provides classes like ArrayList, HashSet, HashMap.
Chapter 24: Multithreading
Java supports multithreading using Thread class and Runnable interface.
Chapter 25: Java Packages
Packages group related classes.
Example: [Link], [Link].
Chapter 26: Java Swing (GUI)
Swing is used to create graphical user interfaces.
Chapter 27: JDBC
Java Database Connectivity connects Java programs with databases.
Chapter 28: Lambda Expressions
Introduced in Java 8.
Provides functional programming features.
Chapter 29: Streams API
Used to process collections of objects in functional style.
Chapter 30: Best Practices & Conclusion
Follow naming conventions.
Write readable code.
Practice regularly to master Java programming.
