﻿<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rss xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" version="2.0" xmlns:itunes="http://www.itunes.com/dtds/podcast-1.0.dtd" xmlns:googleplay="http://www.google.com/schemas/play-podcasts/1.0"><channel><title><![CDATA[Durian Stories]]></title><description><![CDATA[Regard sur l'Asie du Sud-Est]]></description><link>https://durianstories.substack.com</link><image><url>https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lQ3v!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b9ebc6d-12e2-46ca-8ac2-0c0acd0f049b_256x256.png</url><title>Durian Stories</title><link>https://durianstories.substack.com</link></image><generator>Substack</generator><lastBuildDate>Tue, 23 Jun 2026 10:45:13 GMT</lastBuildDate><atom:link href="https://durianstories.substack.com/feed" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><copyright><![CDATA[Juliette Loesch]]></copyright><language><![CDATA[fr]]></language><webMaster><![CDATA[durianstories@substack.com]]></webMaster><itunes:owner><itunes:email><![CDATA[durianstories@substack.com]]></itunes:email><itunes:name><![CDATA[Juliette Loesch]]></itunes:name></itunes:owner><itunes:author><![CDATA[Juliette Loesch]]></itunes:author><googleplay:owner><![CDATA[durianstories@substack.com]]></googleplay:owner><googleplay:email><![CDATA[durianstories@substack.com]]></googleplay:email><googleplay:author><![CDATA[Juliette Loesch]]></googleplay:author><itunes:block><![CDATA[Yes]]></itunes:block><item><title><![CDATA[Péage sur le détroit de Malacca, le Sénat philippin au bord de la rupture institutionnelle / Toll on the Strait of Malacca, the Philippine Senate on the brink of institutional crisis ]]></title><description><![CDATA[Fresh Mango Juice #27 (mai 2026)]]></description><link>https://durianstories.substack.com/p/peage-sur-le-detroit-de-malacca-le</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://durianstories.substack.com/p/peage-sur-le-detroit-de-malacca-le</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Juliette Loesch]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 08 Jun 2026 06:02:18 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lQ3v!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b9ebc6d-12e2-46ca-8ac2-0c0acd0f049b_256x256.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Vous &#234;tes sur <em>Fresh Mango Juice</em>, la revue de presse mensuelle de <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/">Durian Stories</a>, une newsletter d&#8217;actualit&#233;s politiques et internationales sur l&#8217;Asie du Sud-Est. English version below.</p><p>&#8212;</p><p>Ch&#232;res lectrices, chers lecteurs,</p><p>Si vous lisez r&#233;guli&#232;rement cette newsletter, vous savez s&#251;rement d&#233;j&#224; que le S&#233;nat est devenu le haut lieu de la confrontation entre les clans Marcos et Duterte. Comme moi, vous ne devriez donc pas &#234;tre surpris outre mesure par le &#171; coup &#187; op&#233;r&#233; par les alli&#233;s de la vice-pr&#233;sidente Sara Duterte pour r&#233;cup&#233;rer la pr&#233;sidence du S&#233;nat en amont de son (second) proc&#232;s pour destitution.</p><p>J&#8217;ai en revanche &#233;t&#233; sonn&#233;e par l&#8217;intensit&#233; des tensions qui ont entour&#233; ce vote : je crois n&#8217;avoir jamais entendu parler, en tout cas r&#233;cemment, d&#8217;&#233;changes de tirs (m&#234;me de sommation) dans l&#8217;enceinte de la Chambre haute.</p><p>L&#8217;enqu&#234;te n&#8217;a pas encore &#233;lucid&#233; les raisons de ces tirs - mais ils entretiennent de fa&#231;on certaine un climat de violence politique. La rivalit&#233; entre les clans empoisonne d&#233;j&#224; la vie politique philippine. Risque-t-elle d&#233;sormais aussi de faire basculer les institutions ?</p><p>Bonne lecture,</p><p>Juliette</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;S'abonner maintenant&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>S'abonner maintenant</span></a></p><h3><strong>Un p&#233;age sur le d&#233;troit de Malacca ?</strong></h3><p>Le blocage prolong&#233; du d&#233;troit d&#8217;Ormuz a brutalement rappel&#233; le caract&#232;re strat&#233;gique des voies de passage maritime. Dans ce contexte, le d&#233;troit de Malacca, o&#249; la situation s&#233;curitaire est pourtant stable, a fait l&#8217;objet de nombreuses comparaisons, dont les conclusions rappellent in&#233;vitablement la d&#233;pendance de l&#8217;&#233;conomie mondiale au respect de la libert&#233; de navigation.</p><p>Cette attention soudaine n&#8217;a pas manqu&#233; d&#8217;aviver l&#8217;int&#233;r&#234;t de certains ex&#233;cutifs locaux, qui semblent voir dans leur proximit&#233; avec le d&#233;troit une nouvelle source d&#8217;influence internationale et domestique. La remarque faussement anodine du ministre indon&#233;sien des finances <a href="https://jakartaglobe.id/news/i-wasnt-serious-about-malacca-tax-maritime-law-stands-indonesias-purbaya">d&#8217;imposer un p&#233;age sur le d&#233;troit</a> pour alimenter les caisses de l&#8217;&#201;tat a ainsi suscit&#233; une certaine crispation chez les professionnel&#183;les du fret maritime et autres observateur&#183;ices de la mer de Chine.</p><p>Si Jakarta a rapidement minimis&#233; cette proposition, rappelant au passage son attachement au droit maritime, sa simple &#233;nonciation interroge : ne marquerait-elle pas une inflexion des autorit&#233;s indon&#233;siennes &#224; l&#8217;&#233;gard des r&#232;gles r&#233;gissant les mers ? Le pr&#233;c&#233;dent d&#8217;Ormuz aurait-il accr&#233;dit&#233; l&#8217;id&#233;e d&#8217;un droit international &#224; la carte, protecteur sur les questions de souverainet&#233; et permissif si cela sert les int&#233;r&#234;ts nationaux ? (Ou cette inflexion pr&#233;c&#232;de-t-elle le conflit au Moyen-Orient ? la <a href="https://open.substack.com/pub/durianstories/p/encore-une-retrospective-12?r=4tnar9&amp;selection=232b2797-4901-4b65-aaf0-56b64039d55d&amp;utm_campaign=post-share-selection&amp;utm_medium=web&amp;aspectRatio=instagram&amp;textColor=%23ffffff&amp;bgImage=true">d&#233;claration sino-indon&#233;sienne sur l&#8217;exploration conjointe en mer de Chine</a> de novembre 2024 pourrait alors en &#234;tre indicateur pr&#233;coce.)</p><p>Cela &#233;tant dit, l&#8217;imposition d&#8217;un p&#233;age sur le d&#233;troit demeure une &#233;ventualit&#233; peu probable &#224; court terme, ne serait-ce que parce qu&#8217;une telle initiative requerrait la coop&#233;ration des trois autres &#201;tats qui le bordent : la Malaisie, la Tha&#239;lande et Singapour. <a href="https://www.cfr.org/articles/after-hormuz-southeast-asia-sees-the-potential-value-of-tolling-the-strait-of-malacca">Or, Kuala Lumpur a rappel&#233; son attachement &#224; l&#8217;ouverture du d&#233;troit, en respect du droit international, et Singapour en d&#233;pend de fa&#231;on existentielle.</a></p><p>Bangkok semble quant &#224; elle suivre sa propre strat&#233;gie pour instrumentaliser l&#8217;angoisse internationale quant &#224; la perspective d&#8217;un blocus : le gouvernement d&#8217;Anutin se sert de cet argument pour promouvoir aupr&#232;s d&#8217;investisseurs potentiels <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/thailand-touts-31-billion-land-bridge-plan-amid-hormuz-crisis-courts-singapore-2026-04-27/">un projet de pont terrestre</a> entre la mer d&#8217;Andaman et le Golfe de Siam - une entreprise titanesque estim&#233;e &#224; 31 milliards de dollars am&#233;ricains.</p><h3><strong>S&#233;nat philippin en crise : changement contest&#233; de leadership et tensions &#224; leur paroxysme</strong></h3><p>Le S&#233;nat philippin est devenu l&#8217;enjeu majeur de la guerre opposant les clans Marcos et Duterte. Le 11 mai, les d&#233;put&#233;s ont massivement <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/philippine-lawmakers-vote-overwhelmingly-to-impeach-vp-sara-duterte">vot&#233; pour la destitution</a> de la vice-pr&#233;sidente Sara Duterte, laquelle doit d&#233;sormais &#234;tre approuv&#233;e par le S&#233;nat constitu&#233; en Cour de Justice. Le m&#234;me jour, dans une tentative &#233;vidente de prot&#233;ger la VP, 13 des 24 s&#233;nateur&#183;ices ont approuv&#233; la proposition d&#8217;Imee Marcos - notoirement oppos&#233;e &#224; son fr&#232;re et proche de Sara Duterte - de remplacer le pr&#233;sident du S&#233;nat Titto Sotto par Alan Peter Cayetano, un alli&#233; de la famille Duterte.</p><p>Le changement de leadership a rapidement &#233;t&#233; contest&#233; par une nouvelle &#171; majorit&#233; &#187; de 12 s&#233;nateur&#183;ices, qui ont <a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/post-senate-leadership-shake-up-cayetano-gatchalian-battle-control/">vot&#233; pour remplacer Cayetano par Sherwin &#171; Win &#187; Gatchalian</a>. Mais les deux camps continuent de se disputer la pr&#233;sidence de la chambre haute : le bloc Cayetano joue sur des questions de proc&#233;dure pour invalider le vote, arguant que 13 votes sont normalement requis et obstruant la tenue des sessions s&#233;natoriales par leurs absences r&#233;p&#233;t&#233;es ; le bloc Gatchalian se targue quant &#224; lui d&#8217;&#234;tre officiellement reconnu par le pr&#233;sident Marcos.</p><p>La derni&#232;re session avant ajournement, pr&#233;vu le 5 juin, n&#8217;a pas permis de r&#233;soudre la situation. Le S&#233;nat est donc entr&#233; en vacances parlementaires sans que sa pr&#233;sidence soit fix&#233;e. Le Congr&#232;s se r&#233;unira de nouveau fin juillet.</p><p>Pour ajouter &#224; la crise, l&#8217;atmosph&#232;re d&#233;j&#224; tr&#232;s tendue a mu&#233; en v&#233;ritable chaos quand, deux jours apr&#232;s le vote, <a href="https://www.instagram.com/p/DYR0pA8iu4-/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=embed_video_watch_again">des tirs de sommation</a> ont &#233;t&#233; &#233;chang&#233;s entre la s&#233;curit&#233; du S&#233;nat et la police d&#8217;investigation (NBI). Une enqu&#234;te est en cours pour d&#233;terminer la raison de ces tirs.</p><p>Selon la porte parole de la pr&#233;sidence, les agents du NBI avaient &#233;t&#233; appel&#233;s pour s&#233;curiser les lieux, au vu des tensions provoqu&#233;es par la pr&#233;sence du s&#233;nateur Ronald &#171; Bato &#187; Dela Rosa. Dela Rosa, vis&#233; par un <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/spotlight/society/crime/icc-confirms-arrest-warrant-issued-for-duterte-ally-over-drug-war">mandat d&#8217;arr&#234;t de la Cour P&#233;nale Internationale</a> dans le cadre de son enqu&#234;te sur la guerre contre la drogue de l&#8217;ancien pr&#233;sident Duterte, avait d&#233;sert&#233; les sessions s&#233;natoriales depuis novembre, mais est r&#233;apparu pour soutenir l&#8217;&#233;lection de Cayetano. Il est de nouveau introuvable depuis le 14 mai.</p><p>Peu de temps apr&#232;s cet &#233;pisode, la Cour Supr&#234;me a <a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/bato-dela-rosa-supreme-court-justices-voting-denied-tro-icc-warrant/">rejet&#233; sa demande d&#8217;ordonnance de suspension provisoire (TRO)</a> - une d&#233;cision consid&#233;r&#233;e comme exemplaire au regard de la composition de la Cour, dont 6 des 9 membres ont &#233;t&#233; nomm&#233;s par Duterte.</p><h3><strong>En bref</strong></h3><ul><li><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/business/energy/thailand-ends-25-year-push-for-joint-energy-exploration-with-cambodia">05/05</a> La Tha&#239;lande a unilat&#233;ralement mis fin &#224; un accord vieux de 25 ans avec le Cambodge portant sur l&#8217;exploration commune d&#8217;hydrocarbures offshore. Le Premier ministre Anutin Charnvirakul, qui en avait fait une promesse de campagne, justifie cette d&#233;cision par l&#8217;absence de r&#233;sultats, sans lien avec le diff&#233;rend frontalier bilat&#233;ral.</p></li><li><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/international-relations/india-and-vietnam-agree-on-defense-minerals-rare-earth-ties">06/05</a> Le pr&#233;sident vietnamien To Lam, en visite d&#8217;&#201;tat en Inde, a tenu des discussions approfondies avec le Premier ministre Modi sur la d&#233;fense, l&#8217;&#233;nergie, les min&#233;raux critiques et les terres rares.</p></li><li><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/turbulent-thailand/thailand-s-thaksin-shinawatra-released-from-prison-after-8-months">11/05</a> L&#8217;ancien Premier ministre tha&#239;landais Thaksin Shinawatra a &#233;t&#233; lib&#233;r&#233; apr&#232;s huit mois de d&#233;tention. Il purgera le reste de sa peine d&#8217;un an &#224; domicile.</p></li><li><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/business/markets/commodities/indonesia-takes-control-of-strategic-commodity-exports-with-new-body">20/05</a> Le pr&#233;sident indon&#233;sien Prabowo Subianto a annonc&#233; la cr&#233;ation d&#8217;une entreprise publique, Danantara Sumberdaya Indonesia, charg&#233;e de superviser les exportations de mati&#232;res premi&#232;res strat&#233;giques. D&#233;tenue &#224; 99 % par le fonds souverain Danantara, cette entit&#233; vise officiellement &#224; renforcer la transparence des transactions et leur conformit&#233; aux prix du march&#233; mondial.</p></li><li><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/international-relations/japan-and-philippines-elevate-ties-amid-china-security-concerns">28/05</a> Le Japon renforce ses liens avec l&#8217;Asie du Sud-Est. Tokyo a sign&#233; d&#233;but mai un accord de coop&#233;ration de d&#233;fense avec l&#8217;Indon&#233;sie et a annonc&#233; l&#8217;&#233;l&#233;vation de ses relations avec les Philippines au rang de partenariat strat&#233;gique global lors d&#8217;une rencontre &#224; Tokyo entre la Premi&#232;re ministre Takaichi et le pr&#233;sident Marcos Jr.</p></li><li><p><a href="https://thediplomat.com/2026/06/vietnams-quiet-strategy-at-the-shangri-la-dialogue/">29/05</a> Le Dialogue de Shangri-La s&#8217;est tenu du 29 au 31 mai. Le pr&#233;sident vietnamien To Lam a prononc&#233; le discours d&#8217;ouverture du Shangri-La Dialogue, qui s&#8217;est tenu &#224; Singapour du 29 au 31 mai. Le secr&#233;taire am&#233;ricain &#224; la D&#233;fense Pete Hegseth y participait pour la deuxi&#232;me ann&#233;e cons&#233;cutive tandis que la d&#233;l&#233;gation chinoise &#233;tait seulement compos&#233;e d&#8217;experts de l&#8217;universit&#233; de d&#233;fense nationale de l&#8217;APL.</p></li><li><p><a href="https://www.elysee.fr/emmanuel-macron/2026/05/28/visite-detat-de-prabowo-subianto-president-de-la-republique-dindonesie">29/05</a> Le pr&#233;sident indon&#233;sien Prabowo Subianto s&#8217;est rendu &#224; Paris du 29 au 31 mai pour une visite d&#8217;&#201;tat durant laquelle les deux pays ont annonc&#233; le rehaussement de leur relation au rang de partenariat strat&#233;gique global.</p></li><li><p><a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/ckgplnj1wexo">02/06</a> Le pr&#233;sident birman Min Aung Hlaing a choisi l&#8217;Inde pour sa premi&#232;re visite officielle, o&#249; il a rencontr&#233; le Premier ministre Modi pour discuter de commerce, de connectivit&#233; et de s&#233;curit&#233; frontali&#232;re. Ses rares d&#233;placements &#224; l&#8217;&#233;tranger l&#8217;avaient jusqu&#8217;ici conduit quasi exclusivement en Russie et en Chine, ses deux principaux soutiens militaires et &#233;conomiques.</p></li></ul><div class="pullquote"><p>Merci d&#8217;avoir pris le temps de lire cet article. Si vous appr&#233;ciez mon travail, faites-le moi savoir en cliquant sur le &#9829; ou en partageant ce post.</p><p>Vous d&#233;veloppez vos activit&#233;s en Asie du Sud-Est et cherchez &#224; mieux comprendre cette r&#233;gion complexe ? Vous avez besoin d&#8217;un &#233;clairage particulier sur une probl&#233;matique r&#233;gionale ? <a href="mailto:juliette.loesch@inalco.fr">Contactez-moi</a>.</p></div><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/p/peage-sur-le-detroit-de-malacca-le?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Partager&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/peage-sur-le-detroit-de-malacca-le?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Partager</span></a></p><div><hr></div><h1>English version</h1><p><em>(Disclaimer: translated by Claude)</em></p><p>You&#8217;re reading Fresh Mango Juice, the monthly news roundup from <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/">Durian Stories</a>, a newsletter on political and international affairs in Southeast Asia. <strong>Version fran&#231;aise ci-dessus.</strong></p><p>&#8212;</p><p>Dear readers,</p><p>If you follow this newsletter regularly, you probably already know that the Senate has become the main arena for the Marcos-Duterte clan war. Like me, you shouldn&#8217;t be too surprised by the &#8220;coup&#8221; engineered by Vice President Sara Duterte&#8217;s allies to seize the Senate presidency ahead of her (second) impeachment trial.</p><p>What did catch me off guard, however, was the sheer intensity of the tensions surrounding that vote: I can&#8217;t remember the last time I heard of shots being fired &#8212; even warning shots &#8212; inside the upper chamber.</p><p>The investigation has yet to establish why those shots were fired &#8212; but they unmistakably feed a climate of political violence. The rivalry between the two clans is already poisoning Philippine political life. Could it now also push the country&#8217;s institutions to the brink?</p><p>Happy reading,</p><p>Juliette</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;S'abonner maintenant&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>S'abonner maintenant</span></a></p><h3><strong>A toll on the Strait of Malacca?</strong></h3><p>The prolonged blockade of the Strait of Hormuz served as a jarring reminder of how strategically vital maritime chokepoints are. Against that backdrop, the Strait of Malacca &#8212; where the security situation remains stable &#8212; has drawn a wave of comparisons, all pointing to the same uncomfortable conclusion: the global economy&#8217;s dependence on freedom of navigation.</p><p>This sudden attention has not gone unnoticed by certain regional leaders, who appear to see their proximity to the strait as a new source of both international leverage and domestic political capital. The seemingly offhand remark by Indonesia&#8217;s finance minister about <a href="https://jakartaglobe.id/news/i-wasnt-serious-about-malacca-tax-maritime-law-stands-indonesias-purbaya">imposing a toll on the strait</a> to boost state revenues unsettled shipping professionals and South China Sea watchers alike.</p><p>Jakarta quickly walked back the proposal, reaffirming its commitment to maritime law &#8212; but the fact that it was floated at all raises a question: does it signal a shift in Indonesia&#8217;s attitude toward the rules governing the seas? Has the Hormuz precedent lent credibility to an <em>&#224; la carte</em> approach to international law &#8212; one that invokes sovereignty when it suits, and sets aside the rules when national interests demand it? (Or does this shift predate the Middle East conflict? The <a href="https://open.substack.com/pub/durianstories/p/encore-une-retrospective-12?r=4tnar9&amp;selection=232b2797-4901-4b65-aaf0-56b64039d55d&amp;utm_campaign=post-share-selection&amp;utm_medium=web&amp;aspectRatio=instagram&amp;textColor=%23ffffff&amp;bgImage=true">Sino-Indonesian declaration on joint exploration in the South China Sea</a> from November 2024 could be an early indicator.)</p><p>That said, a toll on the strait remains unlikely in the near term, if only because such a move would require the cooperation of the three other states that border it: Malaysia, Thailand, and Singapore. <a href="https://www.cfr.org/articles/after-hormuz-southeast-asia-sees-the-potential-value-of-tolling-the-strait-of-malacca">Kuala Lumpur has already reaffirmed its commitment to keeping the strait open in accordance with international law, and Singapore&#8217;s very existence depends on it.</a></p><p>Bangkok, for its part, appears to be running its own play &#8212; using international anxiety over a potential blockade as a selling point to attract investors to <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/thailand-touts-31-billion-land-bridge-plan-amid-hormuz-crisis-courts-singapore-2026-04-27/">a land bridge project</a> linking the Andaman Sea to the Gulf of Thailand &#8212; a colossal undertaking estimated at $31 billion.</p><h3><strong>Philippine Senate in crisis: a disputed leadership change and tensions at breaking point</strong></h3><p>The Philippine Senate has become the central battleground in the war between the Marcos and Duterte clans. On May 11, lawmakers voted overwhelmingly to <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/philippine-lawmakers-vote-overwhelmingly-to-impeach-vp-sara-duterte">impeach Vice President Sara Duterte</a>, leaving the Senate to convene as an impeachment court. That same day, in an obvious attempt to shield the VP, 13 of the 24 senators backed a motion by Imee Marcos &#8212; notoriously at odds with her brother and closely aligned with Sara Duterte &#8212; to replace Senate President Tito Sotto with Alan Peter Cayetano, a Duterte family ally.</p><p>The leadership change was swiftly challenged by a rival &#8220;majority&#8221; of 12 senators, who <a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/post-senate-leadership-shake-up-cayetano-gatchalian-battle-control/">voted to replace Cayetano with Sherwin &#8220;Win&#8221; Gatchalian</a>. Both camps continue to contest the higher chamber&#8217;s presidency: the Cayetano bloc is exploiting procedural arguments to invalidate the vote &#8212; claiming the threshold should be 13 and disrupting sessions through repeated absences; the Gatchalian bloc, for its part, claims the backing of President Marcos as official recognition.</p><p>The final session before the scheduled June 5 recess failed to resolve the standoff, and the Senate entered its parliamentary break without a settled leadership. Congress is set to reconvene in late July.</p><p>Adding to the chaos, an already fraught atmosphere turned truly explosive when, two days after the vote, <a href="https://www.instagram.com/p/DYR0pA8iu4-/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=embed_video_watch_again">warning shots were exchanged</a> between Senate security forces and agents from the National Bureau of Investigation (NBI). An investigation is underway to determine what triggered the incident.</p><p>According to the presidential spokesperson, NBI agents had been called in to secure the premises given the tensions sparked by the presence of Senator Ronald &#8220;Bato&#8221; Dela Rosa. Dela Rosa, who is subject to an <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/spotlight/society/crime/icc-confirms-arrest-warrant-issued-for-duterte-ally-over-drug-war">International Criminal Court arrest warrant</a>in connection with the investigation into former President Duterte&#8217;s drug war, had been absent from Senate sessions since November &#8212; but resurfaced to support Cayetano&#8217;s election. He has been out of sight again since May 14.</p><p>Shortly after that episode, the Supreme Court <a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/bato-dela-rosa-supreme-court-justices-voting-denied-tro-icc-warrant/">rejected his request for a temporary restraining order (TRO)</a> against the ICC warrant &#8212; a decision seen as significant given the Court&#8217;s composition, with 6 of its 9 members having been appointed by Duterte.</p><h3><strong>In brief</strong></h3><ul><li><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/business/energy/thailand-ends-25-year-push-for-joint-energy-exploration-with-cambodia">05/05</a> Thailand unilaterally terminated a 25-year-old agreement with Cambodia on joint offshore energy exploration. Prime Minister Anutin Charnvirakul, who made the move a campaign pledge, cited a lack of progress and insisted the decision has no bearing on the countries&#8217; border dispute.</p></li><li><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/international-relations/india-and-vietnam-agree-on-defense-minerals-rare-earth-ties">06/05</a> Vietnamese President To Lam, on a state visit to India, held wide-ranging talks with Prime Minister Modi covering defense, energy, critical minerals, and rare earths.</p></li><li><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/turbulent-thailand/thailand-s-thaksin-shinawatra-released-from-prison-after-8-months">11/05</a> Former Thai Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra was released after eight months in detention. He will serve the remainder of his one-year sentence under house arrest.</p></li><li><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/business/markets/commodities/indonesia-takes-control-of-strategic-commodity-exports-with-new-body">20/05</a> Indonesian President Prabowo Subianto announced the creation of a new state-owned enterprise, Danantara Sumberdaya Indonesia, tasked with overseeing the export of strategic commodities. 99% owned by the Danantara sovereign wealth fund, the entity is officially aimed at improving transaction transparency and ensuring compliance with global market prices.</p></li><li><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/international-relations/japan-and-philippines-elevate-ties-amid-china-security-concerns">28/05</a> Japan is deepening its ties with Southeast Asia. Tokyo signed a defence cooperation agreement with Indonesia in early May, and announced the elevation of its relationship with the Philippines to a comprehensive strategic partnership during a meeting in Tokyo between Prime Minister Takaichi and President Marcos Jr.</p></li><li><p><a href="https://thediplomat.com/2026/06/vietnams-quiet-strategy-at-the-shangri-la-dialogue/">29/05</a> The Shangri-La Dialogue ran from May 29 to 31 in Singapore. Vietnamese President To Lam delivered the opening keynote address. U.S. Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth attended for the second year running, while China&#8217;s delegation was limited to experts from the PLA National Defense University.</p></li><li><p><a href="https://www.elysee.fr/emmanuel-macron/2026/05/28/visite-detat-de-prabowo-subianto-president-de-la-republique-dindonesie">29/05</a> Indonesian President Prabowo Subianto visited Paris from May 29 to 31 for a state visit, during which France and Indonesia announced the elevation of their bilateral relationship to a comprehensive strategic partnership.</p></li><li><p><a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/ckgplnj1wexo">02/06</a> Myanmar&#8217;s President Min Aung Hlaing chose India for his first official foreign visit, meeting with Prime Minister Modi to discuss trade, connectivity, and border security. His rare trips abroad had until now taken him almost exclusively to Russia and China, his two main military and economic backers.</p></li></ul><div class="pullquote"><p>Thank you for taking the time to read this piece. If you enjoyed it, let me know by clicking the &#9829; or sharing this post.</p><p>Are you expanding your activities in Southeast Asia and looking to better understand this complex region? Do you need tailored insights on a regional issue? Feel free to <a href="mailto:juliette.loesch@inalco.fr">get in touch</a>.</p></div><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/p/peage-sur-le-detroit-de-malacca-le?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Partager&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/peage-sur-le-detroit-de-malacca-le?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Partager</span></a></p><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[État d'urgence énergétique aux Philippines, nouveau pacte de défense entre l'Indonésie et les États-Unis...]]></title><description><![CDATA[Fresh Mango Juice #26 (mars-avril 2026)]]></description><link>https://durianstories.substack.com/p/etat-durgence-energetique-aux-philippines</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://durianstories.substack.com/p/etat-durgence-energetique-aux-philippines</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Juliette Loesch]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 04 May 2026 06:02:07 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lQ3v!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b9ebc6d-12e2-46ca-8ac2-0c0acd0f049b_256x256.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Vous &#234;tes sur Fresh Mango Juice, la revue de presse mensuelle de <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/">Durian Stories</a>, une newsletter d&#8217;actualit&#233;s politiques et internationales sur l&#8217;Asie du Sud-Est. English version below.</p><p>&#8212;</p><p>Ch&#232;res lectrices, chers lecteurs,</p><p>Il y avait longtemps que j&#8217;avais manqu&#233; un rendez-vous avec cette newsletter ! mais il faut avouer qu&#8217;&#233;crire une th&#232;se, s&#8217;occuper d&#8217;un petit enfant constamment malade et rester &#224; jour de l&#8217;actualit&#233; d&#8217;une r&#233;gion en pleine &#233;bullition d&#233;passe parfois les ressources en temps et en &#233;nergie dont je dispose&#8230; or, la p&#233;riode montre &#224; quel point il peut &#234;tre dangereux de puiser dans ses r&#233;serves strat&#233;giques ;-)</p><p>Sans m&#8217;attarder, je vous laisse donc avec la revue de presse pour mars et avril, ainsi que le lien vers mes derni&#232;res interventions m&#233;dia :</p><ul><li><p>France Culture, Cultures monde, <a href="https://www.radiofrance.fr/franceculture/podcasts/cultures-monde/asie-du-sud-est-le-cout-de-la-panne-5698208">Asie du Sud-Est, le co&#251;t de la panne</a></p></li><li><p>RTBF, Ici le monde, <a href="https://www.rtbf.be/article/les-philippines-premier-pays-a-declarer-l-urgence-energetique-comment-sortir-de-l-impasse-11704207">Les Philippines, premier pays &#224; d&#233;clarer l&#8217;urgence &#233;nerg&#233;tique : comment sortir de l&#8217;impasse ?</a></p></li></ul><p>Bonne lecture,</p><p>Juliette</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonnez-vous maintenant&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Abonnez-vous maintenant</span></a></p><h3><strong>Les Philippines d&#233;clarent l&#8217;&#233;tat d&#8217;urgence &#233;nerg&#233;tique</strong></h3><p>Le pr&#233;sident philippin Ferdinand Marcos Jr. a d&#233;clar&#233; le 24 mars l&#8217;&#233;tat d&#8217;urgence &#233;nerg&#233;tique en r&#233;ponse au choc induit par la guerre au Moyen-Orient et le blocage du d&#233;troit d&#8217;Ormuz. Pris pour une dur&#233;e d&#8217;un an, l&#8217;Executive Order 110 cr&#233;e le <a href="https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/explainers/things-to-know-marcos-national-energy-emergency-uplift/">comit&#233; UPLIFT</a> (Unified Package for Livelihoods, Industry, Food, and Transport<a href="https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/explainers/things-to-know-marcos-national-energy-emergency-uplift/">)</a> charg&#233; d&#8217;organiser l&#8217;action du gouvernement en vue d&#8217;att&#233;nuer les retomb&#233;es &#233;conomiques de l&#8217;augmentation des prix du p&#233;trole, de minorer les risques de p&#233;nurie, d&#8217;assurer la continuit&#233; des services publics et de soutenir la transition vers un mix &#233;nerg&#233;tique moins vuln&#233;rable aux chocs externes.</p><p>La diplomatie intervient en ligne de front pour obtenir le <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/spotlight/iran-tensions/iran-war/iran-pledges-safe-passage-for-philippine-ships-in-strait-of-hormuz">passage de tankers</a> battant pavillon philippin par le d&#233;troit, comme pour diversifier les sources d&#8217;approvisionnement, y compris <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/fuel-thirsty-asian-countries-line-up-russian-oil-2026-03-26/">par l&#8217;achat de p&#233;trole russe</a>. Ces mesures, indispensables pour &#233;viter un &#233;puisement trop rapide des r&#233;serves strat&#233;giques, ne suffisent pas, cependant, &#224; contenir les impacts &#233;conomiques de la crise : Manille enregistre, le plus fort <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/inflation/asean-inflation-vietnam-and-philippines-hit-hardest-by-iran-war">taux d&#8217;inflation</a> (4,1 % en mars) de la r&#233;gion, apr&#232;s le Vietnam, tandis que ses perspectives viennent d&#8217;&#234;tre r&#233;trograd&#233;es de apr&#232;s le Vietnam par l&#8217;agence de notation Fitch.</p><h3><strong>Indon&#233;sie : le multi-alignement en pratique</strong></h3><p>L&#8217;Indon&#233;sie et les &#201;tats-Unis ont sign&#233; un &#171; partenariat majeur de coop&#233;ration de d&#233;fense &#187; (Major Defense Cooperation Partnership) &#224; l&#8217;occasion de la visite du ministre indon&#233;sien de la d&#233;fense, Sjafrie Sjamsoeddin, &#224; Washington, le 13 avril 2026. Ce nouveau pacte confirme la tendance au rapprochement entre les deux pays, qu&#8217;annon&#231;ait d&#233;j&#224; la participation du pr&#233;sident Prabowo Subianto au Conseil de paix de Donald Trump - une initiative qui a toutefois &#233;t&#233; mise en suspens apr&#232;s les critiques de son opinion publique en raison des frappes am&#233;ricaines contre l&#8217;Iran.</p><p>Le partenariat, dont le contenu est r&#233;sum&#233; par un <a href="https://media.defense.gov/2026/Apr/13/2003911810/-1/-1/1/READOUT-OF-SECRETARY-OF-WAR-PETE-HEGSETH-MEETING-WITH-INDONESIA-MINISTER-OF-DEFENSE-SJAFRIE-SJAMSOEDDIN.PDF">communiqu&#233; conjoint d&#8217;une page</a>, annonce le renforcement de la coop&#233;ration selon trois &#171; piliers fondateurs &#187;, &#224; savoir la modernisation, la formation militaire et la coop&#233;ration op&#233;rationnelle, sans autre pr&#233;cision que la recherche d&#8217;opportunit&#233;s de co-d&#233;veloppement dans les &#171; technologies de d&#233;fense de nouvelle g&#233;n&#233;ration dans les domaines maritime, sous-marin et des syst&#232;mes autonomes &#187; et le renforcement de &#171; l&#8217;entrainement conjoint de leurs forces sp&#233;ciales &#187;.</p><p>En parall&#232;le de ce nouveau partenariat, les &#201;tats-Unis ont sollicit&#233; une autorisation de survol de l&#8217;espace a&#233;rien indon&#233;sien pour leurs appareils militaires. Jakarta a confirm&#233; que des discussions &#233;taient en cours, suscitant <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/international-relations/indonesia-draws-backlash-at-home-by-entertaining-us-airspace-request">une lev&#233;e de boucliers</a> parmi les expert&#183;es, qui craignent qu&#8217;une telle autorisation fragilise les n&#233;gociations avec l&#8217;Iran sur le passage de navires indon&#233;siens dans le d&#233;troit d&#8217;Ormuz, ou puisse &#234;tre interpr&#233;t&#233;e comme le signe d&#8217;un alignement trop visible sur Washington, au risque de compliquer les relations avec P&#233;kin ou Moscou. L&#8217;administration s&#8217;en d&#233;fend toutefois, en mettant syst&#233;matiquement en balance le rapprochement, r&#233;el, avec les &#201;tats-Unis, avec la r&#233;affirmation de la politique de non-alignement de l&#8217;archipel, d&#8217;ailleurs incarn&#233;e par la <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/international-relations/indonesia-s-prabowo-meets-putin-in-moscow-pushed-closer-by-us-iran-war">visite simultan&#233;e du chef de l&#8217;Etat &#224; Moscou</a>. Le minist&#232;re des Affaires &#233;trang&#232;res, s&#8217;y est quant &#224; lui <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/china/indonesias-foreign-ministry-urges-caution-over-us-military-overflight-proposal-2026-04-14/">publiquement oppos&#233;</a>, estimant qu&#8217;une telle autorisation risquait d&#8217;entra&#238;ner Jakarta dans des conflits en mer de Chine m&#233;ridionale.</p><h3><strong>Exercices Balikatan : les &#171; plus grands jamais organis&#233;s &#187;</strong></h3><p>Comme chaque ann&#233;e en avril, les forces philippines et am&#233;ricaines se sont retrouv&#233;es pour leur <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2026/04/philippines-us-kick-off-largest-ever-balikatan-exercises-close-to-regional-flashpoints/">traditionnel exercice bilat&#233;ral &#171; Balikatan &#187;,</a> dont l&#8217;ampleur ne cesse de cro&#238;tre. Ouvert depuis quelques ann&#233;es &#224; des nations <em>like-minded</em>, l&#8217;exercice rassemble cette ann&#233;e plus de 17 000 militaires en provenance de sept pays, dont la France. Une partie des exercices se d&#233;rouleront au large des c&#244;tes philippines en mer de Chine et au sud de Ta&#239;wan. La Chine a sans surprise <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2026/04/philippines-us-kick-off-largest-ever-balikatan-exercises-close-to-regional-flashpoints/">d&#233;nonc&#233;</a> l&#8217;&#233;v&#233;nement comme source de &#171; division et de confrontation &#187; avant de <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/china/china-conducts-combat-readiness-patrols-scarborough-shoal-2026-04-30/">d&#233;ployer des patrouilles</a> navales et a&#233;riennes pr&#232;s du r&#233;cif Scarborough, en guise de contre-mesure contre des actes &#171; de violation des droits et de provocation &#187;.</p><h3><strong>L&#8217;ex-chef des arm&#233;es, Min Aung Hlaing, prend sans surprise la pr&#233;sidence du myanmar</strong></h3><p>Au Myanmar, Min Aung Hlaing, de facto &#224; la t&#234;te de l&#8217;&#201;tat depuis 2021, a <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/myanmar-military-chief-min-aung-hlaing-steps-down-eyes-presidency">renonc&#233; &#224; ses fonctions de chef des arm&#233;es</a> pour <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/spotlight/myanmar-crisis/min-aung-hlaing-elected-myanmar-president-despite-international-criticism">endosser le r&#244;le de pr&#233;sident</a> apr&#232;s son &#233;lection par le parlement nouvellement &#233;lu. Pr&#233;visible, cette transition qui n&#8217;en est pas une s&#8217;est accompagn&#233;e d&#8217;une <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/myanmar-cuts-ex-leader-aung-san-suu-kyi-s-sentence">amnistie de masse</a> pour les prisonniers politiques et d&#8217;un <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/spotlight/myanmar-crisis/myanmar-cuts-aung-san-suu-kyi-s-sentence-again-in-latest-amnesty">double all&#232;gement de peine</a> symbolique pour la cheffe de l&#8217;opposition, Aung San Suu Kyi. Daw Suu Kyi, &#226;g&#233;e de 80 ans, est retenue dans un emplacement gard&#233; secret depuis le coup d&#8217;&#201;tat de f&#233;vrier 2021. Le processus de civilianisation de la junte birmane, initi&#233; par les &#233;lections (largement d&#233;cri&#233;es) de d&#233;cembre et janvier, ne doit pas faire perdre de vue les conflits qui opposent toujours l&#8217;arm&#233;e aux diff&#233;rents mouvements de r&#233;sistance, qu&#8217;ils soient associ&#233;s au gouvernement en exil (National Unity Government) ou aux groupes arm&#233;s ethniques.</p><h3><strong>To Lam cumule les fonctions de chef du Parti communiste vietnamien et de pr&#233;sident</strong></h3><p>L&#8217;Assembl&#233;e nationale a &#233;lu To Lam, secr&#233;taire g&#233;n&#233;ral du Parti communiste, comme <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/vietnam-communist-chief-becomes-president-taking-rare-dual-role">nouveau pr&#233;sident vietnamien</a>, lui octroyant ainsi le double r&#244;le de chef d&#8217;&#201;tat et du parti, rare dans l&#8217;histoire institutionnelle r&#233;cente du pays.</p><p>Quelques jours seulement apr&#232;s sa prise de fonction, To Lam s&#8217;est rendu <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/international-relations/vietnam-leader-to-lam-s-china-trip-yields-rail-airline-security-deals">&#224; P&#233;kin</a> pour un d&#233;placement inaugural destin&#233; &#224; <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/international-relations/china-and-vietnam-s-communist-chiefs-meet-5-things-to-know">renforcer les relations politiques et commerciales</a> entre les pays voisins. Il a ensuite re&#231;u la <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2026/04/south-koreas-president-set-to-pay-4-day-state-visit-to-vietnam/">visite &#224; domicile du pr&#233;sident sud-cor&#233;en</a>, confirmant la dynamique positive de la relation bilat&#233;rale, &#233;lev&#233;e au rang de <em>Comprehensive Strategic Partnership</em> en 2022. Les discussions, qui semblent avoir principalement port&#233; sur des enjeux &#233;conomiques, se sont entre autres conclues par des engagements &#224; <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/international-relations/vietnam-taps-south-korea-for-renewed-nuclear-power-plan">d&#233;velopper conjointement le nucl&#233;aire civil et &#224; augmenter les &#233;changes commerciaux</a>.</p><h3><strong>En bref</strong></h3><ul><li><p><a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/house-justice-committee-vote-probable-cause-sara-duterte-impeachment/">29/04</a> Le comit&#233; de la Chambre des repr&#233;sentants qui doit examiner les charges &#233;mises contre la vice-pr&#233;sidente Sara Duterte a confirm&#233; l&#8217;existence d&#8217;un motif probable de destitution, permettant la poursuite du processus <em>d&#8217;impeachment</em>.</p></li><li><p><a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/zaldy-co-seeking-political-asylum-france/">28/04</a> L&#8217;ex-d&#233;put&#233; philippin Zaldy Co, recherch&#233; pour sa participation &#224; un large scandale de d&#233;tournement de fonds, a demand&#233; l&#8217;asile politique &#224; la France, o&#249; il se trouve actuellement.</p></li><li><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/turbulent-thailand/thai-main-opposition-leader-at-risk-over-lese-majeste-reform-bid">24/04</a> Plusieurs membres du <em>People&#8217;s Party, principal </em>parti d&#8217;opposition tha&#239;landais, font l&#8217;objet d&#8217;une plainte aupr&#232;s de la Cour supr&#234;me pour leur tentative de r&#233;vision de la loi sur crime de l&#232;se-majest&#233;. Cette proc&#233;dure reproduit les techniques de harc&#232;lement judiciaire dont les partis <em>Move Forward</em> et <em>Future Forward</em> avaient fait l&#8217;objet avant d&#8217;&#234;tre dissous.</p></li><li><p><a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/philippines-us-build-industrial-hub-supply-chain-security-2026-04-17/">17/04</a> Les &#201;tats-Unis et les Philippines se sont engag&#233;s &#224; co-construire un hub industriel sur l&#8217;&#238;le de Luzon apr&#232;s que les Philippines ont rejoint l&#8217;initiative am&#233;ricaine Pax Silica.</p></li><li><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/trade-war/trump-tariffs/malaysia-says-us-trade-pact-void-in-wake-of-court-tariff-ruling">18/03</a> La Malaisie est le premier pays &#224; annuler l&#8217;accord commercial obtenu avec les &#201;tats-Unis apr&#232;s la d&#233;cision de la Cour supr&#234;me am&#233;ricaine d&#8217;invalider les droits de douane d&#233;cid&#233;s par le pr&#233;sident Trump.</p></li><li><p><a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2026/03/15/calls-for-justice-mount-as-kontras-activist-maimed-in-acid-attack.html?utm_source=(direct)&amp;utm_medium=channel_indonesia">15/03</a> L&#8217;activiste indon&#233;sien Andrie Yunus, coordinateur adjoint du groupe KontraS, a &#233;t&#233; la cible d&#8217;une attaque &#224; l&#8217;acide que l&#8217;enqu&#234;te a, depuis, li&#233;e &#224; <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2026/03/18/tni-police-name-suspects-in-acid-attack-on-kontras-activist.html?utm_source=(direct)&amp;utm_medium=channel_indonesia">l&#8217;agence de renseignement des forces arm&#233;es</a> indon&#233;siennes. Quatre suspects ont &#233;t&#233; arr&#234;t&#233;s et <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/indonesia-military-court-begins-trial-officers-allegedly-behind-acid-attack-2026-04-29/">pr&#233;sent&#233;s &#224; la justice</a>. Le chef du renseignement militaire a <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2026/03/26/military-intelligence-chief-steps-down-following-acid-attack-on-activist.html?utm_source=(direct)&amp;utm_medium=channel_indonesia">d&#233;missionn&#233; de ses fonctions</a>.</p></li><li><p><a href="https://thediplomat.com/2026/03/philippines-arrests-3-defense-personnel-over-china-spy-claims/">06/03</a> Le conseil national de s&#233;curit&#233; a confirm&#233; les r&#233;v&#233;lations<a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/china-espionage-network-worrisome-gibo-teodoro/"> du m&#233;dia en ligne Rappler</a> qui d&#233;voilait l&#8217;existence d&#8217;un r&#233;seau d&#8217;espionnage au sein du minist&#232;re de la D&#233;fense ayant permis le transfert d&#8217;informations sensibles &#224; des ressortissants chinois.</p></li></ul><div class="pullquote"><p>Merci d&#8217;avoir pris le temps de lire cet article. Si vous appr&#233;ciez mon travail, faites-le moi savoir en cliquant sur le &#9829; ou en partageant ce post.</p><p>Vous d&#233;veloppez vos activit&#233;s en Asie du Sud-Est et cherchez &#224; mieux comprendre cette r&#233;gion complexe ? Vous avez besoin d&#8217;un &#233;clairage particulier sur une probl&#233;matique r&#233;gionale ou d&#8217;un accompagnement expert pour mettre en place une veille strat&#233;gique ? <a href="mailto:juliette.loesch@inalco.fr">Contactez-moi</a>.</p></div><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/p/etat-durgence-energetique-aux-philippines?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Partager&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/etat-durgence-energetique-aux-philippines?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Partager</span></a></p><div><hr></div><h1>English version</h1><p><em>(disclaimer: translated by Claude)</em></p><p>You&#8217;re reading Fresh Mango Juice, the monthly news roundup from <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/">Durian Stories</a>, a newsletter on political and international affairs in Southeast Asia. Version fran&#231;aise ci-dessus.</p><p>&#8212;</p><p>Dear readers,</p><p>It&#8217;s been a while since I missed one of these! But between writing a dissertation, looking after a perpetually sick toddler, and keeping up with a region that never seems to slow down, I sometimes run out of time and energy &#8212; and as current events remind us, drawing too heavily on strategic reserves can be dangerous &#128521;</p><p>Without further ado, here&#8217;s the press review for March and April, along with links to my latest media appearances:</p><ul><li><p>France Culture, Cultures monde, <a href="https://www.radiofrance.fr/franceculture/podcasts/cultures-monde/asie-du-sud-est-le-cout-de-la-panne-5698208">Asie du Sud-Est, le co&#251;t de la panne</a></p></li><li><p>RTBF, Ici le monde, <a href="https://www.rtbf.be/article/les-philippines-premier-pays-a-declarer-l-urgence-energetique-comment-sortir-de-l-impasse-11704207">Les Philippines, premier pays &#224; d&#233;clarer l&#8217;urgence &#233;nerg&#233;tique : comment sortir de l&#8217;impasse ?</a></p></li></ul><p>Happy reading, </p><p>Juliette</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonnez-vous maintenant&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Abonnez-vous maintenant</span></a></p><h3><strong>The Philippines Declare a State of Energy Emergency</strong></h3><p>On March 24, Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. declared a state of energy emergency in response to the shock triggered by the war in the Middle East and the blockade of the Strait of Hormuz. Valid for one year, Executive Order 110 establishes the <a href="https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/explainers/things-to-know-marcos-national-energy-emergency-uplift/">UPLIFT committee</a> (Unified Package for Livelihoods, Industry, Food, and Transport), tasked with coordinating the government&#8217;s response: cushioning the economic impact of rising oil prices, limiting the risk of shortages, maintaining public services, and accelerating the transition toward an energy mix less exposed to external shocks.</p><p>Diplomacy has been at the forefront of efforts &#8212; both to secure passage for Philippine-flagged tankers through the Strait of Hormuz and to <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/fuel-thirsty-asian-countries-line-up-russian-oil-2026-03-26/">diversify supply sources</a>, including through purchases of Russian oil. These measures, essential as they are to prevent strategic reserves from running dry too quickly, have nonetheless failed to contain the broader economic fallout: Manila is recording the region&#8217;s highest <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/inflation/asean-inflation-vietnam-and-philippines-hit-hardest-by-iran-war">inflation rate</a> after Vietnam, at 4.1% in March, and its outlook has just been downgraded by Fitch.</p><h3><strong>Indonesia: Multi-Alignment in Practice</strong></h3><p>On April 13, 2026, Indonesia and the United States signed a Major Defense Cooperation Partnership during a visit by Indonesian Defense Minister Sjafrie Sjamsoeddin to Washington. The agreement deepens a trend toward closer bilateral ties that had already been signaled by President Prabowo Subianto&#8217;s participation in Donald Trump&#8217;s Board of Peace &#8212; an initiative since put on hold following domestic criticism over U.S. strikes against Iran.</p><p>The partnership, summarized in a <a href="https://media.defense.gov/2026/Apr/13/2003911810/-1/-1/1/READOUT-OF-SECRETARY-OF-WAR-PETE-HEGSETH-MEETING-WITH-INDONESIA-MINISTER-OF-DEFENSE-SJAFRIE-SJAMSOEDDIN.PDF">one-page joint statement</a>, announces deeper cooperation along three &#8220;foundational pillars&#8221;: modernization, military training, and operational cooperation. Beyond the pursuit of co-development opportunities in &#8220;next-generation defense technologies in the maritime, subsurface, and autonomous systems domains&#8221; and stronger joint special forces training, few specifics are given.</p><p>Separately, the United States has requested overflight rights for military aircraft over Indonesian airspace. Jakarta confirmed that talks are underway, prompting <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/international-relations/indonesia-draws-backlash-at-home-by-entertaining-us-airspace-request">sharp pushback</a> from analysts who fear such an agreement could undermine Indonesia&#8217;s negotiations with Iran over safe passage for its vessels through the Strait of Hormuz, or be read as a signal of excessive alignment with Washington &#8212; at the expense of relations with Beijing and Moscow. The administration has pushed back on that reading, consistently balancing its very real rapprochement with the United States against reaffirmations of the archipelago&#8217;s non-alignment policy &#8212; a stance pointedly embodied by Prabowo&#8217;s <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/international-relations/indonesia-s-prabowo-meets-putin-in-moscow-pushed-closer-by-us-iran-war">simultaneous visit to Moscow</a>. Aligning with experts, the Foreign Ministry <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/china/indonesias-foreign-ministry-urges-caution-over-us-military-overflight-proposal-2026-04-14/">publicly opposed</a> the proposal, warning that it risked entangling Jakarta in conflicts in the South China Sea.</p><h3><strong>Balikatan Exercises: &#8220;The Largest Ever&#8221;</strong></h3><p>As it does every April, the Philippine and U.S. militaries have come together for their <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2026/04/philippines-us-kick-off-largest-ever-balikatan-exercises-close-to-regional-flashpoints/">traditional bilateral Balikatan exercise</a>, which keeps growing in scale. Now open to like-minded partner nations, this year&#8217;s edition brings together more than 17,000 troops from seven countries, including France. Part of the drills will take place off the Philippine coast, in the South China Sea and south of Taiwan. China unsurprisingly <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2026/04/philippines-us-kick-off-largest-ever-balikatan-exercises-close-to-regional-flashpoints/">condemned</a> the exercises as a source of &#8220;division and confrontation,&#8221; before <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/china/china-conducts-combat-readiness-patrols-scarborough-shoal-2026-04-30/">deploying naval and air patrols</a> near Scarborough Shoal in a show of force against what it described as acts of &#8220;rights violation and provocation.&#8221;</p><h3><strong>Myanmar&#8217;s Ex-Military Chief Min Aung Hlaing Takes the Presidency &#8212; As Expected</strong></h3><p>In Myanmar, Min Aung Hlaing, the de facto head of state since the 2021 coup, has <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/myanmar-military-chief-min-aung-hlaing-steps-down-eyes-presidency">stepped down as commander-in-chief</a> to <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/spotlight/myanmar-crisis/min-aung-hlaing-elected-myanmar-president-despite-international-criticism">assume the presidency</a> following his election by the newly convened parliament. Predictable as it was, this transition that isn&#8217;t really one came packaged with a <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/myanmar-cuts-ex-leader-aung-san-suu-kyi-s-sentence">mass amnesty</a> for political prisoners and a largely symbolic <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/spotlight/myanmar-crisis/myanmar-cuts-aung-san-suu-kyi-s-sentence-again-in-latest-amnesty">two-stage sentence reduction</a> for opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi. Daw Suu Kyi, now 80, has been held at an undisclosed location since the February 2021 coup. The junta&#8217;s broader civilianization process, set in motion by the widely discredited elections of December and January, should not obscure the ongoing conflicts pitting the military against various resistance movements &#8212; whether affiliated with the National Unity Government or with ethnic armed organizations.</p><h3><strong>To Lam Combines Role of Vietnamese Communist Party Chief and President</strong></h3><p>Vietnam&#8217;s National Assembly has elected To Lam, Secretary-General of the Communist Party, as the country&#8217;s <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/vietnam-communist-chief-becomes-president-taking-rare-dual-role">new president</a> &#8212; giving him the rare dual role of head of state and party leader, a concentration of power with few recent precedents in Vietnam&#8217;s institutional history.</p><p>Just days after taking office, To Lam traveled to <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/international-relations/vietnam-leader-to-lam-s-china-trip-yields-rail-airline-security-deals">Beijing</a> on an inaugural visit aimed at <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/international-relations/china-and-vietnam-s-communist-chiefs-meet-5-things-to-know">strengthening political and economic ties</a>with its neighbor. He then received a <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2026/04/south-koreas-president-set-to-pay-4-day-state-visit-to-vietnam/">state visit from the South Korean president</a>, underscoring the positive momentum in a bilateral relationship elevated to <em>Comprehensive Strategic Partnership</em> status in 2022. The talks, focused primarily on economic matters, yielded commitments to <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/international-relations/vietnam-taps-south-korea-for-renewed-nuclear-power-plan">jointly develop civilian nuclear energy and expand bilateral trade</a>.</p><h3><strong>In Brief</strong></h3><ul><li><p><strong><a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/house-justice-committee-vote-probable-cause-sara-duterte-impeachment/">Apr 29</a></strong> &#8212; The House committee tasked with reviewing the charges against Vice President Sara Duterte has found probable cause for impeachment, allowing the process to move forward.</p></li><li><p><strong><a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/zaldy-co-seeking-political-asylum-france/">Apr 28</a></strong> &#8212; Former Philippine congressman Zaldy Co, wanted in connection with a major embezzlement scandal, has applied for political asylum in France, where he is currently located.</p></li><li><p><strong><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/turbulent-thailand/thai-main-opposition-leader-at-risk-over-lese-majeste-reform-bid">Apr 24</a></strong> &#8212; Several members of Thailand&#8217;s main opposition party, the <em>People&#8217;s Party</em>, are facing legal proceedings before the Supreme Court over their attempt to reform the l&#232;se-majest&#233; law. The move echoes the judicial harassment that led to the dissolution of its predecessors, <em>Move Forward</em> and <em>Future Forward</em>.</p></li><li><p><strong><a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/philippines-us-build-industrial-hub-supply-chain-security-2026-04-17/">Apr 17</a></strong> &#8212; The United States and the Philippines have committed to jointly building an industrial hub on Luzon Island, following Manila&#8217;s accession to the U.S.-led Pax Silica initiative.</p></li><li><p><strong><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/trade-war/trump-tariffs/malaysia-says-us-trade-pact-void-in-wake-of-court-tariff-ruling">Mar 18</a></strong> &#8212; Malaysia has become the first country to void its bilateral trade agreement with the United States following the Supreme Court&#8217;s decision to strike down the tariffs imposed by President Trump.</p></li><li><p><strong><a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2026/03/15/calls-for-justice-mount-as-kontras-activist-maimed-in-acid-attack.html?utm_source=(direct)&amp;utm_medium=channel_indonesia">Mar 15</a></strong> &#8212; Indonesian activist Andrie Yunus, deputy coordinator of human rights group KontraS, was the target of an acid attack that investigators have since <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2026/03/18/tni-police-name-suspects-in-acid-attack-on-kontras-activist.html?utm_source=(direct)&amp;utm_medium=channel_indonesia">linked to Indonesia&#8217;s military intelligence agency</a>. Four suspects have been arrested and <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/indonesia-military-court-begins-trial-officers-allegedly-behind-acid-attack-2026-04-29/">brought to trial</a>. The head of military intelligence has <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2026/03/26/military-intelligence-chief-steps-down-following-acid-attack-on-activist.html?utm_source=(direct)&amp;utm_medium=channel_indonesia">resigned</a>.</p></li><li><p><strong><a href="https://thediplomat.com/2026/03/philippines-arrests-3-defense-personnel-over-china-spy-claims/">Mar 6</a></strong> &#8212; The National Security Council has confirmed a <a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/china-espionage-network-worrisome-gibo-teodoro/">Rappler investigation</a> exposing a spy network inside the Department of Defense that enabled the transfer of sensitive information to Chinese nationals.</p></li></ul><div class="pullquote"><p>Thank you for taking the time to read this piece. If you enjoyed it, let me know by clicking the &#9829; or sharing this post.</p><p>Are you expanding your activities in Southeast Asia and looking to better understand this complex region? Do you need tailored insights on a regional issue or expert support to set up strategic monitoring? Feel free to <a href="mailto:juliette.loesch@inalco.fr">get in touch</a>.</p></div><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/p/etat-durgence-energetique-aux-philippines?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Partager&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/etat-durgence-energetique-aux-philippines?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Partager</span></a></p><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Asie du Sud-Est : premières réactions au conflit au Moyen-Orient]]></title><description><![CDATA[Fermet&#233; malaisienne, retenue indon&#233;sienne, des adaptations en temps r&#233;el aux retomb&#233;es s&#233;curitaires et &#233;conomiques...]]></description><link>https://durianstories.substack.com/p/asie-du-sud-est-premieres-reactions</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://durianstories.substack.com/p/asie-du-sud-est-premieres-reactions</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Juliette Loesch]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 12 Mar 2026 07:02:56 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lQ3v!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b9ebc6d-12e2-46ca-8ac2-0c0acd0f049b_256x256.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Ch&#232;res lectrices, chers lecteurs,</p><p>L&#8217;Asie du Sud-Est se montre particuli&#232;rement attentive aux &#233;volutions du conflit au Moyen-Orient, dont les retomb&#233;es diplomatiques, politiques et &#233;conomiques commencent d&#233;j&#224; &#224; se faire sentir.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonnez-vous maintenant&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Abonnez-vous maintenant</span></a></p><p>Les capitales aseaniennes ont r&#233;agi rapidement aux frappes am&#233;ricaines et isra&#233;liennes en Iran, <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2026/03/how-southeast-asia-responded-to-the-outbreak-of-the-iran-war/">appelant pour la plupart &#224; la retenue et &#224; la d&#233;sescalade</a>.</p><p>Seule la Malaisie s&#8217;est distingu&#233;e par la <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2026/03/how-southeast-asia-responded-to-the-outbreak-of-the-iran-war/">fermet&#233; de ses condamnations</a>, soutenues, dans un rare &#233;lan de solidarit&#233; transpartisane, <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2026/03/how-southeast-asia-responded-to-the-outbreak-of-the-iran-war/">par l&#8217;ensemble de la classe politique</a>. Cette position, pr&#233;visible, s&#8217;inscrit dans la continuit&#233; des d&#233;nonciations malaisiennes &#224; l&#8217;encontre des politiques isra&#233;liennes dans la bande de Gaza et du soutien apport&#233; par les puissances occidentales, en particulier les Etats-Unis.</p><p>La posture plus ambivalente de l&#8217;Indon&#233;sie, qui a <a href="https://x.com/Kemlu_RI/status/2027702257190638032">soigneusement &#233;vit&#233; de condamner les frappes am&#233;ricaines et isra&#233;liennes</a>, est quant &#224; elle plus &#233;tonnante. Le pr&#233;sident Prabowo, &#224; l&#8217;inverse de son homologue malaisien, a jusqu&#8217;&#224; pr&#233;sent &#233;vit&#233; de s&#8217;exprimer publiquement sur le sujet, se contentant simplement de rappeler l&#8217;importance de maintenir &#171; les <a href="https://presidenri.go.id/siaran-pers/indonesia-teguhkan-politik-luar-negeri-bebas-aktif-di-tengah-ketegangan-global/">principes d&#8217;une politique ext&#233;rieure ind&#233;pendante et active</a> au milieu d&#8217;une dynamique de conflit global de plus en plus complexe &#187; - une remarque peu pr&#233;cise, qui semblerait vouloir justifier le fait de ne &#171; pas prendre parti &#187; par la tradition indon&#233;sienne de non-alignement. Or, l&#8217;absence de condamnation contraste justement avec la posture diplomatique indon&#233;sienne, ancr&#233;e dans le respect du droit international et de la souverainet&#233; des Etats. Elle &#233;tonne &#233;galement au regard des relations anciennes et cordiales que l&#8217;Indon&#233;sie entretient avec l&#8217;Iran. La retenue de Jakarta pourra&#238;t alors &#234;tre mise en perspective avec l&#8217;&#233;volution r&#233;cente de la relation avec les &#201;tats-Unis, marqu&#233;e par plusieurs gestes de rapprochement et de conciliation, comme <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/world/2026/02/09/board-of-peace-only-viable-option-to-stop-war-jusuf-wanandi.html">son adh&#233;sion d&#233;cri&#233;e au </a><em><a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/world/2026/02/09/board-of-peace-only-viable-option-to-stop-war-jusuf-wanandi.html">Board of Peace</a></em> controvers&#233; de Donald Trump. Cette inflexion pourrait n&#233;anmoins mettre Prabowo en porte-&#224;-faux par rapport &#224; son opinion publique, particuli&#232;rement sensible &#224; la solidarit&#233; islamique. Si le minist&#232;re des Affaires &#233;trang&#232;res <s>allume des contre-feux</s> travaille activement &#224; mettre en sc&#232;ne le pr&#233;sident comme un acteur de la paix internationale, en proposant par exemple <a href="https://x.com/Kemlu_RI/status/2027702257190638032">la m&#233;diation de l&#8217;Indon&#233;sie</a> (ce qui n&#8217;a pas suscit&#233; de r&#233;action des parties) ou en <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2026/03/board-of-peace-talks-on-hold-due-to-iran-conflict-indonesia-says/">annon&#231;ant l&#8217;arr&#234;t des discussions</a> sur le Board of Peace, ces efforts principalement calibr&#233;s pour une audience nationale semblent manquer leur cible. Cela pourrait-il alors constituer le premier test de la politique internationale de Prabowo ? Les <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2026/03/05/pdi-p-steps-up-criticism-of-prabowos-silence-on-us-israel-war-against-iran.html">critiques &#233;mises par le PDI-P</a>, qui s&#8217;&#233;tait jusqu&#8217;&#224; pr&#233;sent gard&#233; de jouer son r&#244;le d&#8217;opposition, pourraient &#234;tre un signal faible.</p><p>Outre les questions d&#8217;ordre diplomatique, plusieurs pays sont confront&#233;s &#224; des probl&#233;matiques imm&#233;diates de s&#233;curit&#233; de leurs ressortissant&#183;es. Tha&#239;lande et Philippines sont particuli&#232;rement concern&#233;es et <a href="https://darimulut.substack.com/p/a-world-away-southeast-asia-reacts">au moins une femme philippine a trouv&#233; la mort</a>en Isra&#235;l depuis le d&#233;but du conflit. Or, <a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/marcos-ofw-shelter-repatriation-middle-east-strikes/">Manille retarde l&#8217;organisation de rapatriements</a> en raison de la situation s&#233;curitaire d&#233;grad&#233;e.</p><p>Les gouvernements se pr&#233;parent &#233;galement activement aux in&#233;vitables retomb&#233;es &#233;conomiques du conflit : cr&#233;ation d&#8217;une task force et plafonnement des prix du carburant en <a href="https://www.coffeeparliament.com/p/post-election-political-calendar">Tha&#239;lande</a>, moratoire de deux mois sur les tarifs douaniers pour les carburants au <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/philippine-government-starts-four-day-workweek-as-energy-prices-bite">Vietnam</a>, incitation &#224; la r&#233;duction des activit&#233;s des fonctionnaires aux <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/philippine-government-starts-four-day-workweek-as-energy-prices-bite">Philippines</a>.</p><div class="pullquote"><p>Merci d&#8217;avoir pris le temps de lire cet article. Si vous appr&#233;ciez mon travail, faites-le moi savoir en cliquant sur le &#9829; ou en partageant ce post.</p><p>Vous d&#233;veloppez vos activit&#233;s en Asie du Sud-Est et cherchez &#224; mieux comprendre cette r&#233;gion complexe ? Vous avez besoin d&#8217;un &#233;clairage particulier sur une probl&#233;matique r&#233;gionale ou d&#8217;un accompagnement expert pour mettre en place une veille strat&#233;gique ? <a href="mailto:juliette.loesch@inalco.fr">Contactez-moi</a>.</p></div><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/p/asie-du-sud-est-premieres-reactions?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Partager&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/asie-du-sud-est-premieres-reactions?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Partager</span></a></p><div><hr></div><h1>English version</h1><p></p><p>Dear readers,</p><p>Southeast Asia is paying close attention to developments in the Middle East conflict, the diplomatic, political, and economic repercussions of which are already beginning to be felt.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonnez-vous maintenant&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Abonnez-vous maintenant</span></a></p><p>ASEAN capitals reacted quickly to the US and Israeli strikes in Iran, <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2026/03/how-southeast-asia-responded-to-the-outbreak-of-the-iran-war/">mostly calling for restraint and de-escalation</a>.</p><p>Only Malaysia stood out with its firm condemnation, supported, in a rare show of cross-party solidarity, by the entire political class. This predictable position is consistent with Malaysia&#8217;s condemnation of Israeli policies in the Gaza Strip and the support provided by Western powers, particularly the United States.</p><p>Indonesia&#8217;s more ambivalent stance, which has <a href="https://x.com/Kemlu_RI/status/2027702257190638032">carefully avoided condemning the US and Israeli strikes</a>, is more surprising. Unlike his Malaysian counterpart, President Prabowo has so far avoided commenting publicly on the subject, simply reiterating the importance of maintaining &#8220;the <a href="https://presidenri.go.id/siaran-pers/indonesia-teguhkan-politik-luar-negeri-bebas-aktif-di-tengah-ketegangan-global/">principles of an independent and active foreign policy</a> amid increasingly complex global conflict dynamics&#8220;&#8212;a vague remark that seems to justify &#8221;not taking sides&#8221; by referring to Indonesia&#8217;s tradition of non-alignment. However, the lack of condemnation contrasts sharply with Indonesia&#8217;s diplomatic stance, which is rooted in respect for international law and the sovereignty of states. It is also surprising given Indonesia&#8217;s long-standing cordial relations with Iran. Jakarta&#8217;s restraint could therefore be put into perspective with the recent evolution of its relationship with the United States, marked by several gestures of rapprochement and conciliation, such as <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/world/2026/02/09/board-of-peace-only-viable-option-to-stop-war-jusuf-wanandi.html">its controversial membership of the Board of Peace</a>. This shift could nevertheless put Prabowo at odds with public opinion, which is particularly sensitive to Islamic solidarity. While the Ministry of Foreign Affairs is actively working to portray the president as an actor of international peace, for example by proposing <a href="https://x.com/Kemlu_RI/status/2027702257190638032">Indonesian mediation</a> (which has not elicited any response from the parties) or by <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2026/03/board-of-peace-talks-on-hold-due-to-iran-conflict-indonesia-says/">announcing the suspension of discussions</a> on the Board of Peace, these efforts, mainly calibrated for a domestic audience, seem to be missing their target. Could this then be the first test of Prabowo&#8217;s international policy? The <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2026/03/05/pdi-p-steps-up-criticism-of-prabowos-silence-on-us-israel-war-against-iran.html)">criticism voiced by the PDI-P</a>, which until now had refrained from playing its opposition role, could be a weak signal.</p><p>In addition to diplomatic issues, several countries are facing immediate security concerns for their citizens. Thailand and the Philippines are particularly affected, and <a href="https://darimulut.substack.com/p/a-world-away-southeast-asia-reacts">at least one Filipino woman has been killed</a> in Israel since the start of the conflict. However, Manila is delaying repatriation efforts due to the deteriorating security situation.</p><p>Governments are also actively preparing for the inevitable economic fallout from the conflict: creation of a task force and capping of fuel prices in <a href="https://www.coffeeparliament.com/p/post-election-political-calendar">Thailand</a>, a two-month moratorium on customs duties on fuel in <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/philippine-government-starts-four-day-workweek-as-energy-prices-bite">Vietnam</a> and incentives to reduce civil servant activities in the <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/philippine-government-starts-four-day-workweek-as-energy-prices-bite">Philippines</a>.</p><div class="pullquote"><p>Thank you for taking the time to read this piece. If you enjoyed it, let me know by clicking the &#9829; or sharing this post.</p><p>Are you expanding your activities in Southeast Asia and looking to better understand this complex region? Do you need tailored insights on a regional issue or expert support to set up strategic monitoring? Feel free to <a href="mailto:juliette.loesch@inalco.fr">get in touch</a>.</p></div><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/p/asie-du-sud-est-premieres-reactions?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Partager&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/asie-du-sud-est-premieres-reactions?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Partager</span></a></p><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Négociations post-électorales en Thaïlande, Duterte revient en force aux Philippines... ]]></title><description><![CDATA[Fresh Mango Juice #25 (f&#233;vrier 2026)]]></description><link>https://durianstories.substack.com/p/negociations-post-electorales-en</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://durianstories.substack.com/p/negociations-post-electorales-en</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Juliette Loesch]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 02 Mar 2026 07:02:03 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lQ3v!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b9ebc6d-12e2-46ca-8ac2-0c0acd0f049b_256x256.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Vous &#234;tes sur Fresh Mango Juice, la revue de presse mensuelle de <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/">Durian Stories</a>, une newsletter d&#8217;actualit&#233;s politiques et internationales sur l&#8217;Asie du Sud-Est. English version below.</p><p>&#8212;</p><p>Ch&#232;res lectrices, chers lecteurs,</p><p>Alors que le parti au pouvoir en Tha&#239;lande s&#8217;affaire &#224; monter une coalition apr&#232;s les &#233;lections du 8 f&#233;vrier, le premier ministre cambodgien occupe le terrain international lors d&#8217;une rare et inattendue sortie &#224; Washington, d&#8217;o&#249; il n&#8217;h&#233;site pas &#224; accuser sa voisine d&#8217;occupation.</p><p>Aux Philippines, la querelle entre les Marcos et les Duterte semble tourner &#224; l&#8217;avantage de la vice-pr&#233;sidente. En Indon&#233;sie, les march&#233;s s&#8217;affolent (mais pas Prabowo Subianto, toujours cr&#233;dit&#233; de pr&#232;s de 80 % (!!) de taux de satisfaction dans les sondages). Au Timor-Leste, une proc&#233;dure contre la junte birmane bouscule le <em>statu quo</em> aseanien.</p><p>Bonne lecture,</p><p>Juliette</p><p>--</p><h3><strong>&#201;lections en Tha&#239;lande : quelle coalition pour le futur gouvernement ?</strong></h3><p>Les &#233;lections l&#233;gislatives anticip&#233;es du 8 f&#233;vrier r&#233;v&#232;lent deux choses : premi&#232;rement, le Bhumjaithai a convaincu l&#8217;&#233;lectorat de le laisser continuer &#224; exercer le pouvoir et, deuxi&#232;mement, le paysage politique se reconfigure autour d&#8217;une nouvelle opposition entre conservatisme pro-business et progressisme, qui tend &#224; d&#233;passer le clivage historique entre formations populistes et pro-monarchie.</p><p>A rebours des sondages - il &#233;tait donn&#233; lointain second derri&#232;re le People&#8217;s Party - le Bhumjaithai s&#8217;est impos&#233; &#224; la chambre basse avec 193 si&#232;ges sur 500, sans toutefois parvenir &#224; la majorit&#233; absolue. Les n&#233;gociations sont en cours pour former une coalition.</p><p>Le Pheu Thai, qui a donn&#233; deux premiers ministres entre 2023 et 2025, s&#8217;est empress&#233; de confirmer son soutien. Si ses 74 si&#232;ges lui valent de devenir la deuxi&#232;me force politique de la coalition, cela ne saurait toutefois faire oublier la d&#233;route du parti des Shinawatra, qui a perdu plus de la moiti&#233; de ses d&#233;put&#233;s, ni l&#8217;inversion du rapport de force par rapport &#224; la coalition form&#233;e avec le Bhumjaithai apr&#232;s les &#233;lections de 2023.</p><p>Bien que cette alliance suffise &#224; atteindre les 251 si&#232;ges requis pour la majorit&#233; absolue, le Bhumjaithai poursuit ses n&#233;gociations pour s&#8217;assurer de soutiens suppl&#233;mentaires et ainsi &#233;viter une trop forte d&#233;pendance au Pheu Thai. Plusieurs petits partis ont d&#233;j&#224; confirm&#233; leur participation. Celle du Kla Tham - nouveau parti fond&#233; en 2024 par des anciens membres du parti pro arm&#233;e Palang Pracharat - est encore &#224; l&#8217;&#233;tude.</p><p>Les partis disposeront de 75 jours &#224; compter de la certification des r&#233;sultats par la Commission &#201;lectorale pour finaliser leurs tractations. Le processus pourrait toutefois &#234;tre ralenti apr&#232;s que la Commission a reconnu le besoin de recompter certains bulletins en raison d&#8217;all&#233;gations de fraude. De mani&#232;re g&#233;n&#233;rale, le public exprime une r&#233;elle insatisfaction quant &#224; l&#8217;organisation du vote - le People&#8217;s Party a m&#234;me port&#233; plainte contre la Commission pour sa mauvaise gestion. Si des doutes r&#233;els existent quant &#224; la sinc&#233;rit&#233; du vote, il est toutefois difficile de pr&#233;dire si ces d&#233;marches vont conduire &#224; une annulation partielle de l&#8217;&#233;lection ni si cela pourrait remettre en question le r&#233;sultat du suffrage.</p><p>&#8594; Pour aller plus loin, je vous invite &#224; lire mon &#233;dito pour l&#8217;IFRI : <a href="https://www.ifri.org/fr/editoriaux/elections-en-thailande-les-conservateurs-consolident-leur-ancrage">&#201;lections en Tha&#239;lande : les conservateurs consolident leur ancrage</a></p><h3><strong>Duterte en route vers la pr&#233;sidence ?</strong></h3><p>La famille Duterte fait les gros titres de l&#8217;actualit&#233; philippine du mois de f&#233;vrier. Sara Duterte, d&#8217;abord, est vis&#233;e par pas moins de quatre tentatives d&#8217;impeachement, d&#233;pos&#233;es sit&#244;t le d&#233;lai constitutionnel &#233;puis&#233; - la Constitution impose un moratoire de 12 mois entre chaque proc&#233;dure pour une m&#234;me personnalit&#233;.</p><p>Cet acharnement parlementaire n&#8217;a toutefois pas emp&#234;ch&#233; la Vice-Pr&#233;sidente d&#8217;annoncer sa candidature aux &#233;lections pr&#233;sidentielles de 2028. On pourrait au contraire voir dans cette d&#233;claration tr&#232;s pr&#233;coce une man&#339;uvre pour d&#233;courager la proc&#233;dure. En s&#8217;imposant virtuellement comme probable future pr&#233;sidente - Sara Duterte jouit d&#8217;une popularit&#233; croissante et Marcos ne pourra pas se repr&#233;senter - elle esp&#232;re certainement inciter les s&#233;nateur&#183;ices (juges de l&#8217;impeachement) &#224; faire preuve de retenue dans la gestion de ce dossier et ainsi ne pas compromettre les opportunit&#233;s d&#8217;alliance avec le camp Duterte pour les prochaines &#233;lections.</p><p>Aux Pays-Bas, c&#8217;est cette fois son p&#232;re et ancien pr&#233;sident, Rodrigo Duterte, qui est au centre de l&#8217;attention avec l&#8217;ouverture des audiences de confirmation des charges. L&#8217;enqu&#234;te de la Cour P&#233;nale Internationale progresse &#233;galement aux Philippines, avec la mise en accusation de huit complices potentiels, dont deux s&#233;nateurs en exercice, Ronald &#8220;Bato&#8221; dela Rosa et Bong Go, tous deux tr&#232;s proches de l&#8217;ancien pr&#233;sident.</p><h3><strong>Visite in&#233;dite de Hun Manet aux &#201;tats-Unis</strong></h3><p>Le Premier ministre cambodgien Hun Manet s&#8217;est <a href="https://theaseanfrontier.com/i/188743419/hun-manet-steps-onto-the-international-stage">rendu aux &#201;tats-Unis</a> pour la r&#233;union inaugurale du Conseil de Paix de Donald Trump. Cette rare apparition internationale est d&#8217;autant plus remarquable qu&#8217;elle aurait &#233;t&#233; impensable un an plus t&#244;t. Les relations entre Washington et Phnom Penh s&#8217;&#233;taient en effet passablement d&#233;t&#233;rior&#233;es, entre autres sur fond de rapprochement sino-cambodgien (qui n&#8217;est cependant pas remis en question). Alors que les relations avec la nouvelle administration am&#233;ricaine ne semblaient pas devoir s&#8217;am&#233;liorer - le Cambodge a &#233;t&#233; soumis &#224; un taux punitif de 49 % de tarifs douaniers - les deux pays semblent pourtant avoir trouv&#233; de nouveaux terrains d&#8217;entente. Paradoxalement, le conflit frontalier avec la Tha&#239;lande semblerait avoir redonn&#233; des marges de manoeuvre au pays d&#8217;Asie du Sud-Est, en lui offrant un acc&#232;s direct aux plus hautes sph&#232;res de l&#8217;&#201;tat am&#233;ricain, par ailleurs utile en soutien des importantes n&#233;gociations bilat&#233;rales en cours sur les aspects commerciaux. Les autorit&#233;s cambodgiennes, critiqu&#233;es pour leur bilan en mati&#232;re de droits civiques et humains, retrouvent &#233;galement une voix dans les m&#233;dias internationaux : interrog&#233; par Reuters lors de son s&#233;jour am&#233;ricain, Hun Manet, est ainsi sorti de sa discr&#233;tion sur le conflit, normalement g&#233;r&#233; par les portes paroles de ses minist&#232;res, pour <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/cambodian-pm-says-thailand-occupying-territory-after-trump-brokered-ceasefire-2026-02-18/">d&#233;noncer l&#8217;occupation du territoire cambodgien</a> par les forces tha&#239;landaises - une accusation <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/general/3200355/thailand-rebuts-hun-manets-border-claims">r&#233;fut&#233;e</a> par Bangkok.</p><h3><strong>Le Timor-Leste repousse les lignes de l&#8217;ASEAN sur le Myanmar</strong></h3><p>Le plus jeune membre de l&#8217;ASEAN vient secouer le statu quo qui pr&#233;vaut depuis maintenant cinq ans sur la r&#233;solution du conflit au Myanmar. Alors que l&#8217;organisation r&#233;gionale, toujours visc&#233;ralement attach&#233;e au principe de non-ing&#233;rence, continue d&#8217;imposer le Consensus en cinq points comme feuille de route ind&#233;passable de sortie de crise, le Timor-Leste trace une nouvelle voie en engageant des <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2026/02/timor-leste-opens-legal-proceedings-against-myanmars-military-junta/">poursuites judiciaires contre la junte</a> pour crimes de guerre et crimes contre l&#8217;humanit&#233;. La plainte, d&#233;pos&#233;e par une organisation de la soci&#233;t&#233; civile birmane Chin Human Rights Organization, se base sur le principe de juridiction universelle. Le gouvernement birman a r&#233;pondu en <a href="https://www.mofa.gov.mm/en/charge-daffaires-a-i-of-timor-leste-instructed-to-leave-myanmar-within-7-days/">ordonnant le d&#233;part du charg&#233; d&#8217;affaires timorais.</a></p><h3><strong>La Bourse indon&#233;sienne voit rouge</strong></h3><p>L&#8217;&#233;conomie indon&#233;sienne a &#233;t&#233; durement &#233;branl&#233;e fin janvier et d&#233;but f&#233;vrier par les avertissements successifs de deux agences internationales. Premi&#232;rement, MSCI (Morgan Stanley Capital International) a <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2026/02/indonesias-eighty-billion-dollar-wake-up-call/">alert&#233; sur des probl&#232;mes de transparence et de liquidit&#233; du march&#233; boursier</a>, li&#233; &#224; la forte concentration actionnariale et au faible flottant des grandes entreprises, souvent structur&#233;es en conglom&#233;rats. MSCI a averti qu&#8217;&#224; d&#233;faut d&#8217;am&#233;liorations majeures avant mai 2026, l&#8217;Indon&#233;sie risquait d&#8217;&#234;tre r&#233;trograd&#233;e du statut de &#171; march&#233; &#233;mergent &#187; &#224; celui de &#171; march&#233; fronti&#232;re &#187;, ce qui a contribu&#233; &#224; d&#233;clencher une d&#233;b&#226;cle historique &#224; la Bourse d&#8217;Indon&#233;sie (IDX). L&#8217;indice composite de Jakarta (IHSG) a ainsi chut&#233; de plus de 11,5 %, effa&#231;ant pr&#232;s de 80 milliards de dollars de capitalisation boursi&#232;re et entra&#238;nant la d&#233;mission du directeur g&#233;n&#233;ral de l&#8217;IDX. Quelques jours plus tard, l&#8217;agence de notation souveraine Moody&#8217;s est venue renforcer ce signal de d&#233;fiance en <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/indonesia-s-stocks-tumble-as-moody-s-revises-outlook-to-negative">r&#233;visant la perspective de cr&#233;dit</a>du pays de &#171; stable &#187; &#224; &#171; n&#233;gative &#187;.</p><h3><strong>En bref</strong></h3><p><a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2026/02/27/student-groups-press-for-police-reform-after-fatal-assault-on-maluku-teenager.html?utm_source=(direct)&amp;utm_medium=channel_indonesia">27/02</a> &#8211; Des organisations &#233;tudiantes ont accru la pression sur le pr&#233;sident Prabowo Subianto afin d&#8217;acc&#233;l&#233;rer la r&#233;forme de la police apr&#232;s qu&#8217;un nouvel incident a entra&#238;n&#233; la mort d&#8217;un mineur suite &#224; des coups port&#233;s par un agent des brigades mobiles.</p><p><a href="https://www.asiasentinel.com/p/malaysias-anti-graft-chief-said-caught?utm_source=%2Finbox&amp;utm_medium=reader2">12/02</a> - Une enqu&#234;te de Bloomberg r&#233;v&#232;le que la Commission malaisienne de lutte contre la criminalit&#233; aurait aid&#233; un groupe d&#8217;hommes d&#8217;affaires &#224; prendre le contr&#244;le d&#8217;entreprises locales sous la menace de violences, tout en les prot&#233;geant de poursuites judiciaires. C&#8217;est le deuxi&#232;me scandale de corruption de grande ampleur auquel le gouvernement malaisien doit faire face depuis le d&#233;but de l&#8217;ann&#233;e.</p><p><a href="https://thediplomat.com/2026/02/indonesia-australia-sign-security-treaty-pledge-joint-consultations/">10/02</a> &#8211; L&#8217;Indon&#233;sie et l&#8217;Australie ont sign&#233; un trait&#233; de s&#233;curit&#233; les engageant &#224; renforcer leurs consultations en mati&#232;re de s&#233;curit&#233; et &#224; mener des consultations conjointes face aux menaces &#233;mergentes communes.</p><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/international-relations/india-malaysia-renew-pledges-to-boost-trade-collaboration">08/02</a> &#8211; Le Premier ministre indien Narendra Modi et son homologue malaisien Anwar Ibrahim ont renouvel&#233; dimanche leur engagement &#224; renforcer les &#233;changes commerciaux et &#224; explorer des coop&#233;rations potentielles dans les semi-conducteurs, la d&#233;fense et d&#8217;autres secteurs.</p><p>&#8212;</p><p>Merci d&#8217;avoir pris le temps de lire cet article. Si vous appr&#233;ciez mon travail, faites-le moi savoir en cliquant sur le &#9829; ou en partageant ce post.</p><p>Vous d&#233;veloppez vos activit&#233;s en Asie du Sud-Est et cherchez &#224; mieux comprendre cette r&#233;gion complexe ? Vous avez besoin d&#8217;un &#233;clairage particulier sur une probl&#233;matique r&#233;gionale ou d&#8217;un accompagnement expert pour mettre en place une veille strat&#233;gique ? <a href="mailto:juliette.loesch@inalco.fr">Contactez-moi</a>.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/p/negociations-post-electorales-en?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Partager&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/negociations-post-electorales-en?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Partager</span></a></p><div><hr></div><h1>English version</h1><p>You&#8217;re reading Fresh Mango Juice, the monthly news roundup from <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/">Durian Stories</a>, a newsletter on political and international affairs in Southeast Asia. Version fran&#231;aise ci-dessus.</p><p>&#8212;</p><p>Dear readers,</p><p>As Thailand&#8217;s ruling party moves to assemble a coalition after the February 8 elections, Cambodia&#8217;s prime minister has stepped onto the international stage during a rare and unexpected visit to Washington&#8212;where he openly accused his neighbor of occupying Cambodian territory.</p><p>In the Philippines, the rivalry between the Marcos and Duterte camps appears to be tilting in the vice president&#8217;s favor. In Indonesia, markets are rattled (though not Prabowo Subianto, who continues to post approval ratings close to 80%). In Timor-Leste, legal action against Myanmar&#8217;s junta is testing ASEAN&#8217;s long-standing diplomatic line.</p><p>Enjoy,</p><p>Juliette</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonnez-vous maintenant&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Abonnez-vous maintenant</span></a></p><h3><strong>Thailand&#8217;s Elections: What Kind of Coalition Is Taking Shape?</strong></h3><p>The snap general election on February 8 points to two clear trends. First, Bhumjaithai has secured a renewed mandate to lead. Second, Thai politics is increasingly structured around a new divide&#8212;between pro-business conservatism and progressivism&#8212;gradually overtaking the traditional split between populist and pro-monarchy forces.</p><p>Defying pre-election polls that placed it well behind the People&#8217;s Party, Bhumjaithai finished first in the lower house with 193 of 500 seats, though short of an outright majority. Coalition talks are now underway.</p><p>Pheu Thai, which produced two prime ministers between 2023 and 2025, swiftly pledged its support. With 74 seats, it becomes the coalition&#8217;s second-largest partner. Yet the result marks a sharp setback for the Shinawatra camp, which lost more than half its MPs&#8212;reversing the balance of power seen in the 2023 post-election arrangement with Bhumjaithai.</p><p>Together, the two parties cross the 251-seat threshold required for a majority. Still, Bhumjaithai is seeking additional partners to avoid overreliance on Pheu Thai. Several smaller parties have signaled their readiness to join. Kla Tham&#8212;a party founded in 2024 by former members of the pro-military Palang Pracharat Party&#8212;may also come on board.</p><p>Parties have 75 days from the Election Commission&#8217;s certification of results to finalize negotiations. The timeline could slip, however, after the Commission acknowledged the need for recounts amid fraud allegations. Public dissatisfaction over the management of the vote has been palpable: the People&#8217;s Party has filed a complaint against the Commission. While concerns over electoral integrity remain, it is too early to say whether they could lead to a partial rerun or affect the final outcome.</p><p>For a deeper dive, see my editorial for Ifri: <a href="https://www.ifri.org/fr/editoriaux/elections-en-thailande-les-conservateurs-consolident-leur-ancrage">&#201;lections en Tha&#239;lande : les conservateurs consolident leur ancrage</a></p><h3><strong>Duterte Positioning for 2028?</strong></h3><p>The Duterte family dominated Philippine headlines in February. Vice President Sara Duterte is facing four impeachment complaints, filed as soon as the constitutional cooling-off period expired&#8212;the Constitution mandates a 12-month interval between proceedings against the same official.</p><p>Rather than slowing her down, this parliamentary offensive has coincided with her announcement that she will run in the 2028 presidential election. The early declaration may be strategic. By projecting herself as a likely frontrunner&#8212;her popularity is rising, and President Marcos is term-limited&#8212;she may be encouraging senators, who would sit as impeachment judges, to tread carefully so as not to jeopardize future political alliances.</p><p>Meanwhile, in The Hague, attention has turned to her father, former president Rodrigo Duterte, as confirmation hearings on the charges against him begin. The International Criminal Court&#8217;s investigation is also progressing domestically, with eight alleged accomplices indicted, including sitting senators Ronald &#8220;Bato&#8221; dela Rosa and Bong Go, both long-time allies of the former president.</p><h3><strong>Hun Manet&#8217;s Washington Debut</strong></h3><p>Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Manet <a href="https://theaseanfrontier.com/i/188743419/hun-manet-steps-onto-the-international-stage">visited the United States</a> to attend the inaugural meeting of Donald Trump&#8217;s Peace Council. Such a visit would have seemed unlikely a year ago. Ties between Washington and Phnom Penh had cooled significantly, particularly amid Cambodia&#8217;s close alignment with China&#8212;a trajectory that remains unchanged.</p><p>Despite earlier signs of friction&#8212;including the imposition of a 49% punitive tariff rate&#8212;both sides now appear to be exploring renewed engagement. Ironically, Cambodia&#8217;s border tensions with Thailand may have expanded its diplomatic room for maneuver, offering Phnom Penh direct access to senior U.S. officials at a time when sensitive trade negotiations are underway.</p><p>After having faced sustained criticism over its human rights record, the Cambodian government also seems to be regaining visibility in international media. In an interview with Reuters during his visit, Hun Manet departed from his usual low profile on the border issue to <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/cambodian-pm-says-thailand-occupying-territory-after-trump-brokered-ceasefire-2026-02-18/">accuse Thailand of occupying Cambodian territory</a>&#8212;a claim swiftly <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/general/3200355/thailand-rebuts-hun-manets-border-claims">dismissed</a> by Bangkok.</p><h3><strong>Timor-Leste Tests ASEAN&#8217;s Approach to Myanmar</strong></h3><p>Timor-Leste, ASEAN&#8217;s newest member, is challenging the regional consensus that has defined the bloc&#8217;s response to Myanmar&#8217;s crisis for five years. While ASEAN continues to frame the Five-Point Consensus as the only viable path forward&#8212;true to its deeply rooted non-interference principle&#8212;Dili has opted for a more confrontational approach.</p><p>It has supported <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2026/02/timor-leste-opens-legal-proceedings-against-myanmars-military-junta/">legal proceedings against Myanmar&#8217;s military junta</a> for war crimes and crimes against humanity, based on the principle of universal jurisdiction. The complaint was filed by the Chin Human Rights Organization. Naypyidaw responded by <a href="https://www.mofa.gov.mm/en/charge-daffaires-a-i-of-timor-leste-instructed-to-leave-myanmar-within-7-days/">ordering the Timorese charg&#233; d&#8217;affaires to leave the country within seven days</a>.</p><p><strong>Indonesian Markets Under Pressure</strong></p><p>Indonesia&#8217;s financial markets were jolted in late January and early February by warnings from two major international institutions.</p><p>MSCI (Morgan Stanley Capital International) first <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2026/02/indonesias-eighty-billion-dollar-wake-up-call/">flagged concerns about transparency and liquidity on the Indonesian stock market</a>, pointing to concentrated ownership structures and limited free float among large conglomerates. It warned that without meaningful reforms by May 2026, Indonesia could be downgraded from &#8220;emerging&#8221; to &#8220;frontier&#8221; market status. The announcement triggered a sharp sell-off on the Indonesia Stock Exchange: the Jakarta Composite Index (IHSG) dropped more than 11.5%, erasing nearly $80 billion in market value and leading to the resignation of the exchange&#8217;s CEO.</p><p>Shortly thereafter, Moody&#8217;s reinforced market unease by <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/indonesia-s-stocks-tumble-as-moody-s-revises-outlook-to-negative">revising Indonesia&#8217;s credit outlook</a> from stable to negative.</p><h3><strong>In Brief</strong></h3><p><a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2026/02/27/student-groups-press-for-police-reform-after-fatal-assault-on-maluku-teenager.html?utm_source=(direct)&amp;utm_medium=channel_indonesia">27/02</a> &#8211; Student groups stepped up pressure on President Prabowo Subianto to accelerate police reform after a teenager died following an assault by a Mobile Brigade officer.</p><p><a href="https://www.asiasentinel.com/p/malaysias-anti-graft-chief-said-caught?utm_source=%2Finbox&amp;utm_medium=reader2">12/02</a> &#8211; A Bloomberg investigation alleges that Malaysia&#8217;s anti-corruption commission assisted a group of businessmen in seizing control of local firms under threat of violence while shielding them from prosecution&#8212;the second major corruption scandal facing the government this year.</p><p><a href="https://thediplomat.com/2026/02/indonesia-australia-sign-security-treaty-pledge-joint-consultations/">10/02</a> &#8211; Indonesia and Australia signed a new security treaty committing to closer consultations and coordinated responses to emerging shared threats.</p><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/international-relations/india-malaysia-renew-pledges-to-boost-trade-collaboration">08/02</a> &#8211; Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim reaffirmed their intention to deepen trade ties and expand cooperation in semiconductors, defense, and other strategic sectors.</p><p>&#8212;</p><p>Thank you for taking the time to read this piece. If you enjoyed it, let me know by clicking the &#9829; or sharing this post.</p><p>Are you expanding your activities in Southeast Asia and looking to better understand this complex region? Do you need tailored insights on a regional issue or expert support to set up strategic monitoring? Feel free to <a href="mailto:juliette.loesch@inalco.fr">get in touch</a>.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/p/negociations-post-electorales-en?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Partager&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/negociations-post-electorales-en?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Partager</span></a></p><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Reconduction des pouvoirs en place au Vietnam et au Myanmar, élites politiques ébranlées par la lutte contre la corruption en Malaisie et aux Philippines]]></title><description><![CDATA[Fresh Mango Juice #24 (janvier 2026)]]></description><link>https://durianstories.substack.com/p/reconduction-des-pouvoirs-en-place</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://durianstories.substack.com/p/reconduction-des-pouvoirs-en-place</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Juliette Loesch]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 04 Feb 2026 07:02:02 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lQ3v!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b9ebc6d-12e2-46ca-8ac2-0c0acd0f049b_256x256.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Vous &#234;tes sur <em><strong>Fresh Mango Juice</strong></em>, la revue de presse mensuelle de <em><strong><a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/">Durian Stories</a></strong></em>, une newsletter d&#8217;actualit&#233;s politiques et internationales sur l&#8217;Asie du Sud-Est. <strong>English version below</strong>.</p><p>&#8212;</p><p>Ch&#232;res lectrices, chers lecteurs,</p><p>Retour &#224; notre programmation habituelle avec ce tour d&#8217;horizon de l&#8217;actualit&#233; de janvier.</p><p>Continuit&#233; semble le ma&#238;tre-mot du mois, tant les &#233;ch&#233;ances politiques du d&#233;but d&#8217;ann&#233;e, au Vietnam comme au Myanmar, ont, sans surprise, d&#233;bouch&#233; sur la prolongation des mandats en cours.</p><p>C&#244;t&#233; archipels, alors que les gouvernements malaisien et philippin sont largement &#233;branl&#233;s par les scandales de corruption, pourrait-on assister &#224; un retour discret de la tradition &#171; KKN &#187; (Korupsi, Kolusi, Nepotisme) de l&#8217;Ordre nouveau en Indon&#233;sie ?</p><p>Bonne lecture,</p><p>Juliette</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonnez-vous maintenant&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Abonnez-vous maintenant</span></a></p><p></p><h3><strong>Des &#233;ch&#233;ances politiques sans suspens au Vietnam et au Myanmar</strong></h3><p>Fin janvier, le 14e congr&#232;s du Parti communiste du Vietnam s&#8217;est r&#233;uni dans un rare climat de consensus pour nommer ses futurs dirigeants. To Lam, qui a succ&#233;d&#233; &#224; Nguyen Phu Trong comme secr&#233;taire g&#233;n&#233;ral du Parti en 2024, a, sans surprise, &#233;t&#233; <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/vietnam-communist-party-elects-to-lam-chief-for-5-more-years">reconduit pour un nouveau mandat</a> de cinq ans, confirmant son ascension au sein de l&#8217;appareil central du syst&#232;me politique vietnamien. Le premier ministre Pham Minh Chinh et le pr&#233;sident Luong Cuong seront quant &#224; eux remplac&#233;s dans les prochains mois. Ancien ministre de la S&#233;curit&#233; publique, To Lam a &#233;t&#233; l&#8217;artisan de la grande offensive anticorruption men&#233;e sous son pr&#233;d&#233;cesseur - ce qui n&#8217;a sans doute <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2026/01/vietnams-14th-national-congress-power-reform-and-the-next-political-generation/">pas &#233;t&#233; &#233;tranger &#224; la consolidation de son autorit&#233;</a> au sein du parti. Il a entrepris, depuis sa nomination, des r&#233;formes administratives d&#8217;une ampleur in&#233;dite depuis le Doi Moi.</p><p>Aucun suspens non plus au Myanmar, o&#249; le scrutin d&#233;but&#233; en d&#233;cembre s&#8217;est conclu par une <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/international/article/2026/01/26/myanmar-pro-junta-party-claims-victory-in-elections-denounced-by-un_6749807_4.html">&#171; victoire &#187; &#233;lectorale sans appel pour le parti adoss&#233; &#224; la junte</a>, l&#8217;Union Solidarity and Development Party, qui obtient 231 des 263 si&#232;ges de la chambre basse - sans que la participation (faible) ni la comp&#233;tition &#233;lectorale (emp&#234;ch&#233;e) ne nourrissent la moindre illusion quant &#224; la port&#233;e politique r&#233;elle du vote. Le chef de la junte Min Aung Hlaing a laiss&#233; entendre qu&#8217;il pourrait troquer l&#8217;uniforme pour un r&#244;le civil, pourquoi pas comme pr&#233;sident.</p><p>Le scrutin du 29 janvier ne se contente pas de clore le cycle &#233;lectoral engag&#233; en d&#233;cembre. Il pr&#233;tend &#233;galement refermer, quoique de mani&#232;re largement artificielle, la p&#233;riode de domination militaire instaur&#233;e par le coup d&#8217;Etat du 1er f&#233;vrier 2021, suite &#224; la victoire de la Ligue nationale pour la d&#233;mocratie aux &#233;lections l&#233;gislatives de 2020.</p><p>Pourtant, cinq ans plus tard, le gouvernement d&#8217;opposition continue de revendiquer sa l&#233;gitimit&#233; et plus de la moiti&#233; du territoire reste en guerre ou sous le contr&#244;le de forces rebelles, ces deux r&#233;alit&#233;s n&#8217;&#233;tant d&#8217;ailleurs pas mutuellement exclusives.</p><p>Dans ce contexte, quelles marges de man&#339;uvre la junte conserve-t-elle r&#233;ellement pour consolider cette nouvelle fa&#231;ade civile ? Quel avenir se dessine pour la r&#233;solution des conflits en cours, dont certains remontent &#224; l&#8217;ind&#233;pendance ? Et quelles perspectives s&#8217;offrent aux populations civiles, alors que les premi&#232;res audiences de la Cour internationale de Justice sur les <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2026/01/myanmar-attempted-to-erase-rohingya-minority-gambian-justice-minister-claims/">accusations de crimes de g&#233;nocide visant la communaut&#233; rohingya</a> rappellent qu&#8217;elles demeurent les premi&#232;res victimes des violences exerc&#233;es par l&#8217;arm&#233;e ?</p><h3><strong>Escalade verbale entre les Philippines et la Chine</strong></h3><p>Les relations entre la Chine et les Philippines se sont de nouveau tendues suite &#224; un <a href="https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/explainers/china-embassy-hold-accountable-west-philippine-sea-spokesperson/">&#233;change de protestations publiques</a> initi&#233;es par les attaques r&#233;p&#233;t&#233;es de l&#8217;ambassade chinoise contre des autorit&#233;s civiles et militaires, ainsi que plusieurs &#233;lu&#183;es philippin&#183;es. La s&#233;natrice Risa Hontiveros a relev&#233; <a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/view-manila-china-embassy-wolf-warrior-diplomacy/">une inflexion du ton</a> employ&#233; par l&#8217;ambassade depuis l&#8217;arriv&#233;e du nouveau repr&#233;sentant chinois, sugg&#233;rant un recalibrage vers une diplomatie plus offensive.</p><h3><strong>Ind&#233;pendance des institutions : des &#233;lites sous surveillance</strong></h3><p>De Kuala Lumpur &#224; Manille, l&#8217;impunit&#233; des &#233;lites militaires et politiques commence &#224; c&#233;der aux efforts de lutte anti-corruption, apr&#232;s que plusieurs scandales ont &#233;branl&#233; les gouvernements des deux pays.</p><p>En Malaisie, <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/spotlight/society/crime/malaysia-charges-former-armed-forces-army-chiefs-in-corruption-probe">l&#8217;inculpation d&#8217;anciens chefs militaires</a> dans une vaste affaire de d&#233;tournements li&#233;s aux march&#233;s de d&#233;fense a lev&#233; le voile sur l&#8217;ampleur de pratiques longtemps prot&#233;g&#233;es par l&#8217;uniforme, poussant le gouvernement d&#8217;Anwar Ibrahim &#224; geler les proc&#233;dures d&#8217;acquisition en cours et &#224; promettre une refonte du syst&#232;me.</p><p>Aux Philippines, les arrestations d&#8217;&#233;lu&#183;es se poursuivent dans le cadre des enqu&#234;tes sur les syst&#232;mes de gestion des inondations tandis que le pr&#233;sident Ferdinand Marcos Jr., d&#233;j&#224; affaibli par le scandale a, pour la premi&#232;re fois, fait l&#8217;objet de <a href="https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/explainers/impeachment-complaint-marcos-jr-cites-rodrigo-duterte-icc-arrest-drug-abuse-corruption/">deux plaintes en destitution</a> &#224; la chambre basse.</p><p>En Indon&#233;sie, c&#8217;est moins un scandale judiciaire qu&#8217;un soup&#231;on de n&#233;potisme qui crispe les march&#233;s : la <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/indonesia-president-prabowo-s-nephew-set-to-become-central-bank-board-member">nomination du neveu du pr&#233;sident Prabowo</a> au conseil de la banque centrale ravive les inqui&#233;tudes sur l&#8217;autonomie de l&#8217;institution.</p><p><strong>En Bref</strong></p><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/international-relations/eu-and-vietnam-take-strategic-partnership-to-highest-level">29/01</a> - Le Vietnam a rehauss&#233; ses relations avec l&#8217;Union europ&#233;enne au rang de Partenariat strat&#233;gique global - le plus &#233;lev&#233; dans la hi&#233;rarchie des accords vietnamiens.</p><p><a href="https://thediplomat.com/2026/01/indonesia-takes-delivery-of-first-french-made-rafale-fighter-jets/">27/01</a> - L&#8217;Indon&#233;sie a r&#233;ceptionn&#233; ses trois premiers avions de combat Rafale, premi&#232;re tranche d&#8217;un contrat de 42 appareils avec Dassault.</p><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/defense/philippines-and-japan-sign-security-agreement-as-regional-tensions-rise">25/01</a> - Les Philippines poursuivent l&#8217;approfondissement de leurs relations avec le Japon en signant un accord de soutien et de logistique (Acquisition and Cross-Servicing Agreement) avec le Japon, quelques mois apr&#232;s un accord sur le statut des forces en visite.</p><p><a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/opinion/2026/01/24/indonesia-and-the-board-of-peace-another-unnecessary-misstep.html">24/01</a> et <a href="https://cambojanews.com/cambodias-participation-in-board-of-peace-has-diplomatic-benefits-analysts-say/">27/01</a> - Indon&#233;sie et Cambodge ont rejoint l&#8217;initiative am&#233;ricaine du &#171; Board of Peace &#187;, un choix pr&#233;sent&#233; comme compatible avec le multilat&#233;ralisme onusien mais per&#231;u par certains analystes comme un pari diplomatique risqu&#233;.</p><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/business/media-entertainment/media-watchdogs-slam-philippine-journalist-s-terror-related-conviction">22/01</a> - Aux Philippines, la condamnation de la journaliste Frenchie Mae Cumpio &#224; 18 ans de prison pour &#171; financement du terrorisme &#187; relance les accusations de <em>red-tagging</em> (qui entretient des liens suppos&#233;s avec la r&#233;bellion communiste) et met en cause les engagements du pr&#233;sident Ferdinand Marcos Jr. en mati&#232;re de libert&#233; de la presse.</p><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/business/energy/philippine-president-marcos-announces-biggest-gas-discovery-in-a-decade">19/01</a> - Toujours aux Philippines, Ferdinand Marcos Jr. a annonc&#233; la plus importante d&#233;couverte de gaz du pays depuis plus de dix ans, pr&#232;s du champ de Malampaya, dont l&#8217;exploitation permettrait de r&#233;duire la d&#233;pendance &#233;nerg&#233;tique du pays aux importations.</p><div class="pullquote"><p>Merci d&#8217;avoir pris le temps de lire cet article. Si vous appr&#233;ciez mon travail, faites-le moi savoir en cliquant sur le &#9829; ou en partageant ce post.</p><p>Vous d&#233;veloppez vos activit&#233;s en Asie du Sud-Est et cherchez &#224; mieux comprendre cette r&#233;gion complexe ? Vous avez besoin d&#8217;un &#233;clairage particulier sur une probl&#233;matique r&#233;gionale ou d&#8217;un accompagnement expert pour mettre en place une veille strat&#233;gique ? <a href="mailto:juliette.loesch@inalco.fr">Contactez-moi</a>.</p></div><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/p/reconduction-des-pouvoirs-en-place?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Partager&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/reconduction-des-pouvoirs-en-place?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Partager</span></a></p><h1>English version</h1><p>You&#8217;re reading Fresh Mango Juice, the monthly news roundup from <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/">Durian Stories</a>, a newsletter on political and international affairs in Southeast Asia. Version fran&#231;aise ci-dessus.</p><p>&#8212;</p><p>Dear readers,</p><p>We return to our regular format with this January overview.</p><p>Continuity has been the defining theme of the month. As expected, early-year political milestones in both Vietnam and Myanmar resulted in the extension of existing power arrangements.</p><p>Across Southeast Asia, however, the picture is less settled. As corruption scandals shake governments in Malaysia and the Philippines, Indonesia raises a quieter but no less significant question: are we witnessing a subtle revival of the New Order&#8217;s &#8220;KKN&#8221; legacy&#8212;<em>Korupsi, Kolusi, Nepotisme</em>?</p><p>Enjoy the read,</p><p>Juliette</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonnez-vous maintenant&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Abonnez-vous maintenant</span></a></p><h3><strong>No surprises in Vietnam and Myanmar&#8217;s political calendars</strong></h3><p>In late January, Vietnam&#8217;s Communist Party held its 14th Congress in an unusually consensual atmosphere to designate the country&#8217;s next leadership. To Lam, who succeeded Nguyen Phu Trong as General Secretary in 2024, was unsurprisingly <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/vietnam-communist-party-elects-to-lam-chief-for-5-more-years">confirmed for another five-year term</a>, further entrenching his position at the heart of Vietnam&#8217;s political system. Prime Minister Pham Minh Chinh and President Luong Cuong are expected to step down in the coming months.</p><p>A former Minister of Public Security, To Lam was the driving force behind the sweeping anti-corruption campaign launched under his predecessor&#8212;<a href="https://thediplomat.com/2026/01/vietnams-14th-national-congress-power-reform-and-the-next-political-generation/">an effort that seems to have helped consolidate his authority within the Party</a>. Since taking office, he has also initiated administrative reforms of a scale not seen since <em>Doi Moi</em>.</p><p>There was little suspense in Myanmar either. The election process launched in December concluded with a <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/international/article/2026/01/26/myanmar-pro-junta-party-claims-victory-in-elections-denounced-by-un_6749807_4.html">landslide &#8220;victory&#8221; for the junta-aligned Union Solidarity and Development Party</a>, which secured 231 of the 263 seats in the lower house. Low turnout and the absence of genuine competition, however, leave little doubt as to the vote&#8217;s limited political significance. Junta leader Min Aung Hlaing has hinted that he may soon exchange his military uniform for a civilian role, potentially even the presidency.</p><p>Beyond closing the electoral sequence begun in December, the 29 January vote was also presented as marking the end&#8212;at least symbolically&#8212;of the period of direct military rule ushered in by the 1 February 2021 coup, following the National League for Democracy&#8217;s victory in the 2020 elections.</p><p>Five years on, however, the opposition government continues to assert its legitimacy, while more than half of the country remains either in open conflict or under the control of armed groups&#8212;often both at once.</p><p>Against this backdrop, how much room does the junta really have to stabilize this new civilian fa&#231;ade? What prospects exist for resolving conflicts that, in some cases, date back to independence? And what future lies ahead for civilian populations, as hearings before the International Court of Justice on <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2026/01/myanmar-attempted-to-erase-rohingya-minority-gambian-justice-minister-claims/">alleged genocide against the Rohingya</a> once again underscore that civilians remain the primary victims of military violence?</p><h3><strong>A renewed war of words between the Philippines and China</strong></h3><p>Tensions between China and the Philippines have flared up once again following a series of public protests triggered by <a href="https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/explainers/china-embassy-hold-accountable-west-philippine-sea-spokesperson/">repeated attacks from the Chinese embassy</a> targeting civilian and military officials, as well as several Philippine lawmakers. Senator Risa Hontiveros has pointed to a <a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/view-manila-china-embassy-wolf-warrior-diplomacy/">noticeable shift in tone</a> since the arrival of Beijing&#8217;s new envoy, suggesting a move toward a more openly confrontational diplomatic posture.</p><h3><strong>Institutional independence under strain: elites under pressure</strong></h3><p>From Kuala Lumpur to Manila, the long-standing impunity of political and military elites is increasingly being challenged, as corruption scandals place governments under mounting pressure.</p><p>In Malaysia, the <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/spotlight/society/crime/malaysia-charges-former-armed-forces-army-chiefs-in-corruption-probe">indictment of several former senior military figures</a> in a major defense procurement scandal has exposed practices long shielded by institutional protection. In response, Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim&#8217;s government has frozen ongoing procurement processes and pledged far-reaching reforms.</p><p>In the Philippines, arrests of elected officials continue amid investigations into flood management programs. President Ferdinand Marcos Jr., already weakened by controversy, now faces <a href="https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/explainers/impeachment-complaint-marcos-jr-cites-rodrigo-duterte-icc-arrest-drug-abuse-corruption/">two impeachment procedures</a> in the lower house&#8212;an unprecedented development for his administration.</p><p>In Indonesia, market unease has been driven less by corruption scandals than by concerns over nepotism. The <a href="https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/explainers/impeachment-complaint-marcos-jr-cites-rodrigo-duterte-icc-arrest-drug-abuse-corruption/">appointment of President Prabowo&#8217;s nephew</a> to the central bank&#8217;s board has revived questions about the institution&#8217;s independence and the broader trajectory of governance.</p><p><strong>In brief</strong></p><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/international-relations/eu-and-vietnam-take-strategic-partnership-to-highest-level">29/01</a> &#8211; Vietnam upgraded its relationship with the European Union to a Comprehensive Strategic Partnership, the highest tier in its diplomatic framework.</p><p><a href="https://thediplomat.com/2026/01/indonesia-takes-delivery-of-first-french-made-rafale-fighter-jets/">27/01</a> &#8211; Indonesia took delivery of its first three Rafale fighter jets, the opening tranche of a 42-aircraft deal with Dassault.</p><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/defense/philippines-and-japan-sign-security-agreement-as-regional-tensions-rise">25/01</a> &#8211; The Philippines further deepened security ties with Japan by signing an Acquisition and Cross-Servicing Agreement, following a visiting forces agreement concluded earlier this year.</p><p><a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/opinion/2026/01/24/indonesia-and-the-board-of-peace-another-unnecessary-misstep.html">24/01</a> and <a href="https://cambojanews.com/cambodias-participation-in-board-of-peace-has-diplomatic-benefits-analysts-say/">27/01</a> &#8211; Indonesia and Cambodia joined the US-backed &#8220;Board of Peace&#8221; initiative, a move framed as compatible with UN multilateralism but seen by some analysts as a diplomatically risky bet.</p><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/business/media-entertainment/media-watchdogs-slam-philippine-journalist-s-terror-related-conviction">22/01</a> &#8211; In the Philippines, the sentencing of journalist Frenchie Mae Cumpio to 18 years in prison on terrorism-financing charges has reignited accusations of <em>red-tagging</em> and raised concerns over press freedom under President Marcos Jr.</p><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/business/energy/philippine-president-marcos-announces-biggest-gas-discovery-in-a-decade">19/01</a> &#8211; President Marcos Jr. also announced the country&#8217;s largest gas discovery in more than a decade, near the Malampaya field, potentially reducing the Philippines&#8217; dependence on energy imports.</p><div class="pullquote"><p>Thank you for taking the time to read this piece. If you enjoyed it, let me know by clicking the &#9829; or sharing this post.</p><p>Are you expanding your activities in Southeast Asia and looking to better understand this complex region? Do you need tailored insights on a regional issue or expert support to set up strategic monitoring? Feel free to <a href="mailto:juliette.loesch@inalco.fr">get in touch</a>.</p></div><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/p/reconduction-des-pouvoirs-en-place?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Partager&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/reconduction-des-pouvoirs-en-place?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Partager</span></a></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Une année en Asie du Sud-Est : une plongée dans l'actualité, mois par mois]]></title><description><![CDATA[R&#233;trospective 2025 (2/2)]]></description><link>https://durianstories.substack.com/p/une-annee-en-asie-du-sud-est-une</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://durianstories.substack.com/p/une-annee-en-asie-du-sud-est-une</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Juliette Loesch]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 26 Jan 2026 07:00:19 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lQ3v!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b9ebc6d-12e2-46ca-8ac2-0c0acd0f049b_256x256.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>(English version below)</em></p><p>Ch&#232;res lectrices, chers lecteurs,</p><p>Je vous propose, pour conclure cette r&#233;trospective, de vous replonger mois par mois dans l&#8217;actualit&#233; de l&#8217;ann&#233;e pass&#233;e. Vous trouverez pour chaque &#233;v&#233;nement le lien vers une ou plusieurs publications, qui vous permettront, si vous le souhaitez, d&#8217;approfondir la th&#233;matique.</p><p>Bonne lecture,</p><p>Juliette</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonnez-vous maintenant&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Abonnez-vous maintenant</span></a></p><p><strong>Janvier</strong> - L&#8217;adh&#233;sion de l&#8217;Indon&#233;sie aux BRICS t&#233;moigne moins d&#8217;un rapprochement avec les poids lourds du groupe (Chine, Russie) (quoique...) que de l&#8217;ambition du nouvel ex&#233;cutif de renforcer ses collaborations avec d&#8217;autres nations du &#171; Sud Global &#187;, au sein duquel Jakarta ne se cache pas de vouloir exercer une forme de leadership.</p><ul><li><p><a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/lindonesie-adhere-aux-brics">L&#8217;Indon&#233;sie adh&#232;re aux BRICS</a> (Durian Stories)</p></li></ul><p><strong>F&#233;vrier</strong> - Aux Philippines, les tensions montent d&#8217;un cran entre le pr&#233;sident Marcos et sa vice-pr&#233;sidente, Sara Duterte, apr&#232;s qu&#8217;une majorit&#233; des d&#233;put&#233;s ont vot&#233; en faveur d&#8217;une proc&#233;dure d&#8217;impeachment - finalement abandonn&#233;e apr&#232;s les mauvais r&#233;sultats du camp Marcos aux mid-terms de mai.</p><ul><li><p><a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/i/158524275/pression-accrue-sur-la-famille-duterte">Pression accrue sur la famille Duterte</a> (Durian Stories)</p></li><li><p>Pour aller plus loin : <a href="https://www.ifri.org/fr/briefings/elections-de-mi-mandat-aux-philippines-la-guerre-des-clans-son-comble">&#201;lections de mi-mandat aux Philippines : la guerre des clans &#224; son comble</a> (Ifri)</p></li></ul><p><strong>Mars</strong> - L&#8217;enqu&#234;te ouverte par la Cour P&#233;nale Internationale pour crimes contre l&#8217;humanit&#233; commis dans le cadre de la &#171; guerre contre la drogue &#187; philippine conna&#238;t une &#233;volution spectaculaire avec l&#8217;arrestation de Rodrigo Duterte et son extradition vers La Haye.</p><ul><li><p><a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/bruits-de-palais-3-lex-president">L&#8217;ex-pr&#233;sident philippin Rodrigo Duterte arr&#234;t&#233; pour crime contre l&#8217;humanit&#233;</a> (Durian Stories)</p></li></ul><p><strong>Avril</strong> - L&#8217;annonce de la hausse des tarifs douaniers impos&#233;s par Washington suscite une intense activit&#233; diplomatique c&#244;t&#233; asiatique, tant pour tenter de contenir &#224; court terme les effets de cette mesure que pour acc&#233;l&#233;rer la diversification des partenariats &#233;conomiques, actant l&#8217;&#233;rosion durable de l&#8217;influence am&#233;ricaine dans cette r&#233;gion du monde.</p><ul><li><p><a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/i/160849899/focus-goodbye-america">Focus &#8212; Goodbye America</a> (Durian Stories)</p></li><li><p><a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-17-avril-mai-2025">Washington out, Beijing in?</a> (Durian Stories)</p></li><li><p>Citation : <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2025/07/17/l-indonesie-se-felicite-des-apres-negociations-ayant-permis-un-accord-avec-les-etats-unis_6621709_3234.html">L&#8217;Indon&#233;sie se f&#233;licite des &#171; &#226;pres n&#233;gociations &#187; ayant permis un accord avec les Etats-Unis</a> (Le Monde)</p></li><li><p>Pour aller plus loin : <a href="https://www.ifri.org/fr/notes/lindo-pacifique-face-trump-ii-dans-letreinte-brutale-de-loncle-sam">L&#8217;Indo-Pacifique face &#224; Trump II : dans l&#8217;&#233;treinte brutale de l&#8217;oncle Sam</a> (Ifri)</p></li></ul><p><strong>Mai</strong> - Le pr&#233;sident fran&#231;ais Emmanuel Macron s&#8217;envole pour une tourn&#233;e unique en Asie du Sud-Est, durant laquelle il <s>se fait gifler par son &#233;pouse</s> rencontre successivement ses homologues vietnamien, indon&#233;sien et singapourien. &#192; Singapour, il prononce le keynote speech du Shangri-La Dialogue, par lequel il ent&#233;rine sa vision de &#171; troisi&#232;me voie &#187; fran&#231;aise.</p><ul><li><p>&#201;mission : <a href="https://www.france24.com/fr/%C3%A9missions/parlons-en-les-invit%C3%A9s/20250526-macron-en-asie-un-pari-sur-l-avenir-parlons-en-avec-d-camroux-j-f-di-meglio-et-j-loesch">Macron en Asie, un pari sur l&#8217;avenir ? Parlons-en avec D. Camroux, J.-F. Di Meglio et J. Loesch</a> (France 24)</p></li><li><p>Podcast : <a href="https://straighttalkseasia.com/episodes">Episode 26 - Macron Courts ASEAN: France&#8217;s &#8216;Third Way&#8217;</a> (Straight Talk Southeast Asia)</p></li></ul><p><strong>Juin</strong> - Un incident fin mai entra&#238;ne Bangkok et Phnom Penh dans escalade conflictuelle aussi in&#233;dite qu&#8217;inattendue, bient&#244;t &#233;tendue &#224; l&#8217;ensemble de leurs relations diplomatiques et commerciales. La fuite, en ligne, d&#8217;une conversation entre la premi&#232;re ministre tha&#239;landaise et le pr&#233;sident du S&#233;nat cambodgien provoque une crise politique majeure en Tha&#239;lande.</p><ul><li><p>Entretien : <a href="https://www.areion24.news/produit/les-grands-dossiers-de-diplomatie-n-89/">Tha&#239;lande-Cambodge : une paix h&#226;t&#233;e pour un conflit historique</a> (Diplomatie Magazine)</p></li></ul><p><strong>Juillet</strong> - Lors de son adresse annuelle &#224; la Nation, le pr&#233;sident Marcos r&#233;v&#232;le un scandale de corruption majeur, portant sur les syst&#232;mes de pr&#233;vention des inondations. Les passages r&#233;p&#233;t&#233;s de typhons sur l&#8217;archipel ont attir&#233; l&#8217;attention sur la v&#233;tust&#233; des installations et contraint le pr&#233;sident &#224; se saisir du probl&#232;me, au risque de se voir mis en cause par l&#8217;ampleur du scandale.</p><ul><li><p><a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/lensemble-du-systeme-politique-philippin">L&#8217;ensemble du syst&#232;me politique philippin &#233;clabouss&#233; par un scandale de corruption majeur</a> (Durian Stories)</p></li></ul><p><strong>Ao&#251;t</strong> - Des manifestations &#233;tudiantes contre le train de vie des &#233;lites politiques d&#233;g&#233;n&#232;rent en &#233;meutes apr&#232;s la mort d&#8217;un livreur &#224; moto lors d&#8217;une manoeuvre de la police &#224; Jakarta. L&#8217;ex&#233;cutif r&#233;pond par un remaniement en trompe l&#8217;oeil, pr&#233;texte &#224; un r&#233;-alignement entre le pr&#233;sident et les minist&#232;res strat&#233;giques.</p><ul><li><p><a href="https://www.ifri.org/fr/briefings/un-de-presidence-prabowo-entre-populisme-economique-et-reflux-democratique">Un an de pr&#233;sidence Prabowo : entre populisme &#233;conomique et reflux d&#233;mocratique</a> (Ifri)</p></li></ul><p><strong>Septembre</strong> - La Cour constitutionnelle prononce la destitution de la premi&#232;re ministre tha&#239;landaise en raison de sa mauvaise gestion du conflit avec le Cambodge. Un accord contre nature avec l&#8217;opposition progressiste du People&#8217;s Party permet au parti conservateur Bumjaithai de nommer un premier ministre. Il prend alors l&#8217;engagement de dissoudre la chambre basse avant janvier - une date qu&#8217;il a finalement avanc&#233; d&#8217;un mois avec la dissolution prononc&#233;e d&#233;but d&#233;cembre.</p><ul><li><p><a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/i/172882315/crise-politique-passee-ou-a-venir-en-thailande">Crise politique pass&#233;e ou &#224; venir en Tha&#239;lande ?</a> (Durian Stories)</p></li><li><p>Pour une mise en perspective sur le r&#244;le politique de la Cour constitutionnelle : <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/bruits-de-palais-2-septembre-2024?utm_source=publication-search">Destitution du Premier ministre tha&#239;landais par la Cour constitutionnelle, remplac&#233; par une membre de la famille Shinawatra</a> (Durian Stories)</p></li></ul><p><strong>Octobre</strong> - Donald Trump conditionne son d&#233;placement au sommet de l&#8217;ASEAN &#224; la conclusion d&#8217;un accord de paix entre la Tha&#239;lande et la Cambodge. Bangkok et Phnom Penh se plient sans conviction &#224; l&#8217;exercice, dans l&#8217;espoir de d&#233;crocher un deal avec Washington. L&#8217;accord est d&#233;nonc&#233; deux semaines apr&#232;s sa signature.</p><ul><li><p>&#201;mission : <a href="https://www.france24.com/fr/%C3%A9missions/parlons-en-les-invit%C3%A9s/20251028-trump-en-tourn%C3%A9e-l-asie-du-sud-est-en-rangs-serr%C3%A9s-avec-j-b-monnier-et-j-loesch">Trump en tourn&#233;e : l&#8217;Asie du Sud-Est en rangs serr&#233;s ? Avec J.-B. Monnier et J. Loesch</a> (France 24)</p></li><li><p><a href="https://www.ifri.org/fr/editoriaux/cambodge-thailande-un-accord-de-paix-en-trompe-loeil">Cambodge-Tha&#239;lande : un accord de paix en trompe-l&#8217;oeil</a> (Ifri)</p></li></ul><p><strong>Novembre</strong> - Des inondations majeures, provoqu&#233;es par des pluies de mousson d&#8217;une intensit&#233; exceptionnelle et plusieurs typhons, ont touch&#233; simultan&#233;ment le Vietnam, la Tha&#239;lande, la Malaisie, l&#8217;Indon&#233;sie et les Philippines. L&#8217;Indon&#233;sie est la plus gravement touch&#233;e avec un bilan qui d&#233;passe le millier de victimes. </p><ul><li><p><a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/i/180135778/des-inondations-meurtrieres-revelent-des-failles-majeures-dans-la-gestion-publique-des-risques">Des inondations meurtri&#232;res r&#233;v&#232;lent des failles majeures dans la gestion publique des risques</a> (Durian Stories)</p></li></ul><p><strong>D&#233;cembre</strong> - Le s&#233;jour des deux tireurs de l&#8217;attentat de Bondi au Mindanao entra&#238;ne un regain d&#8217;attention pour le militantisme djihadiste au sud des Philippines, qui demeure actif, bien qu&#8217;ayant fortement diminu&#233; depuis le si&#232;ge de Marawi en 2017.</p><ul><li><p><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/posts/juliette-loesch_philippines-activity-7407676160064630784-MUe9?utm_source=share&amp;utm_medium=member_desktop&amp;rcm=ACoAACfWNPYB5zfd0CKpqa83pE3jZB5xrTCdLnk">Focus Asie - S&#233;jour des deux tireurs de l&#8217;attentat de Bondi au Mindanao</a> (LinkedIn)</p></li></ul><div class="pullquote"><p>Merci d&#8217;avoir pris le temps de lire cet article. Si vous appr&#233;ciez mon travail, faites-le moi savoir en cliquant sur le &#9829; ou en partageant ce post.</p><p>Vous d&#233;veloppez vos activit&#233;s en Asie du Sud-Est et cherchez &#224; mieux comprendre cette r&#233;gion complexe ? Vous avez besoin d&#8217;un &#233;clairage particulier sur une probl&#233;matique r&#233;gionale ou d&#8217;un accompagnement expert pour mettre en place une veille strat&#233;gique ? <a href="mailto:juliette.loesch@inalco.fr">Contactez-moi</a>.</p></div><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/p/une-annee-en-asie-du-sud-est-une?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Partager&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/une-annee-en-asie-du-sud-est-une?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Partager</span></a></p><h1>English version</h1><p>Dear readers,</p><p>To close this retrospective, I invite you to look back&#8212;month by month&#8212;at the key developments of the past year. Each entry includes links to one or more publications for those who wish to explore the issues in greater depth.</p><p>Enjoy the read,</p><p>Juliette</p><p></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonnez-vous maintenant&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Abonnez-vous maintenant</span></a></p><p><strong>January</strong> &#8211; Indonesia&#8217;s decision to join the BRICS says less about a strategic realignment with the group&#8217;s heavyweights (China and Russia)&#8212;though that dimension cannot be entirely dismissed&#8212;than about the new administration&#8217;s ambition to deepen ties with other countries of the &#8220;Global South,&#8221; where Jakarta openly aspires to play a leadership role.</p><ul><li><p><a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/lindonesie-adhere-aux-brics">L&#8217;Indon&#233;sie adh&#232;re aux BRICS</a> (Durian Stories)</p></li></ul><p><strong>February</strong> &#8211; In the Philippines, tensions between President Marcos and Vice President Sara Duterte escalate after a majority of lawmakers back impeachment proceedings against the latter&#8212;an initiative ultimately shelved following the Marcos camp&#8217;s disappointing results in the May midterm elections.</p><ul><li><p><a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/i/158524275/pression-accrue-sur-la-famille-duterte">Pression accrue sur la famille Duterte</a> (Durian Stories)</p></li><li><p>Pour aller plus loin : <a href="https://www.ifri.org/fr/briefings/elections-de-mi-mandat-aux-philippines-la-guerre-des-clans-son-comble">&#201;lections de mi-mandat aux Philippines : la guerre des clans &#224; son comble</a> (Ifri)</p></li></ul><p><strong>March</strong> &#8211; The International Criminal Court&#8217;s investigation into crimes against humanity committed during the Philippine &#8220;war on drugs&#8221; takes a dramatic turn with the arrest of former president Rodrigo Duterte and his extradition to The Hague.</p><ul><li><p><a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/bruits-de-palais-3-lex-president">L&#8217;ex-pr&#233;sident philippin Rodrigo Duterte arr&#234;t&#233; pour crime contre l&#8217;humanit&#233;</a> (Durian Stories)</p></li></ul><p><strong>April</strong> &#8211; Washington&#8217;s announcement of higher tariffs triggers intense diplomatic activity across Asia, as governments seek both to mitigate the short-term impact of the measure and to accelerate the diversification of their economic partnerships&#8212;further acknowledging the long-term decline of U.S. influence in the region.</p><ul><li><p><a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/i/160849899/focus-goodbye-america">Focus &#8212; Goodbye America</a> (Durian Stories)</p></li><li><p><a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-17-avril-mai-2025">Washington out, Beijing in?</a> (Durian Stories)</p></li><li><p>Citation : <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2025/07/17/l-indonesie-se-felicite-des-apres-negociations-ayant-permis-un-accord-avec-les-etats-unis_6621709_3234.html">L&#8217;Indon&#233;sie se f&#233;licite des &#171; &#226;pres n&#233;gociations &#187; ayant permis un accord avec les Etats-Unis</a> (Le Monde)</p></li><li><p>Pour aller plus loin : <a href="https://www.ifri.org/fr/notes/lindo-pacifique-face-trump-ii-dans-letreinte-brutale-de-loncle-sam">L&#8217;Indo-Pacifique face &#224; Trump II : dans l&#8217;&#233;treinte brutale de l&#8217;oncle Sam</a> (Ifri)</p></li></ul><p><strong>May</strong> &#8211; French President Emmanuel Macron embarks on a rare tour of Southeast Asia, meeting in succession with his Vietnamese, Indonesian, and Singaporean counterparts. In Singapore, he delivers the keynote address at the Shangri-La Dialogue, where he articulates his vision of a French &#8220;third way.&#8221;</p><ul><li><p>&#201;mission : <a href="https://www.france24.com/fr/%C3%A9missions/parlons-en-les-invit%C3%A9s/20250526-macron-en-asie-un-pari-sur-l-avenir-parlons-en-avec-d-camroux-j-f-di-meglio-et-j-loesch">Macron en Asie, un pari sur l&#8217;avenir ? Parlons-en avec D. Camroux, J.-F. Di Meglio et J. Loesch</a> (France 24)</p></li><li><p>Podcast : <a href="https://straighttalkseasia.com/episodes">Episode 26 - Macron Courts ASEAN: France&#8217;s &#8216;Third Way&#8217;</a> (Straight Talk Southeast Asia)</p></li></ul><p><strong>June</strong> &#8211; A late-May incident unexpectedly pushes Bangkok and Phnom Penh into a sharp escalation, soon spilling over into their broader diplomatic and trade relations. The online leak of a private conversation between the Thai prime minister and the Cambodian Senate president sparks a major political crisis in Thailand.</p><ul><li><p>Entretien : <a href="https://www.areion24.news/produit/les-grands-dossiers-de-diplomatie-n-89/">Tha&#239;lande-Cambodge : une paix h&#226;t&#233;e pour un conflit historique</a> (Diplomatie Magazine)</p></li></ul><p><strong>July</strong> &#8211; In his annual State of the Nation address, President Marcos unveils a major corruption scandal involving flood prevention systems. Repeated typhoons have exposed the deteriorating state of the infrastructure, forcing the president to confront the issue&#8212;at the risk of being politically damaged by the scale of the revelations.</p><ul><li><p><a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/lensemble-du-systeme-politique-philippin">L&#8217;ensemble du syst&#232;me politique philippin &#233;clabouss&#233; par un scandale de corruption majeur</a> (Durian Stories)</p></li></ul><p><strong>August</strong> &#8211; Student protests against the lavish lifestyles of political elites spiral into riots following the death of a motorcycle delivery driver during a police operation in Jakarta. The government responds with a largely cosmetic cabinet reshuffle, masking a deeper realignment between the president and key ministries.</p><ul><li><p><a href="https://www.ifri.org/fr/briefings/un-de-presidence-prabowo-entre-populisme-economique-et-reflux-democratique">Un an de pr&#233;sidence Prabowo : entre populisme &#233;conomique et reflux d&#233;mocratique</a> (Ifri)</p></li></ul><p><strong>September</strong> &#8211; Thailand&#8217;s Constitutional Court removes the prime minister over her handling of the conflict with Cambodia. An unlikely deal with the progressive People&#8217;s Party allows the conservative Bhumjaithai Party to appoint a new prime minister, who pledges to dissolve the lower house before January&#8212;a deadline he later brings forward, with dissolution announced in early December.</p><ul><li><p><a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/i/172882315/crise-politique-passee-ou-a-venir-en-thailande">Crise politique pass&#233;e ou &#224; venir en Tha&#239;lande ?</a> (Durian Stories)</p></li><li><p>Pour une mise en perspective sur le r&#244;le politique de la Cour constitutionnelle : <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/bruits-de-palais-2-septembre-2024?utm_source=publication-search">Destitution du Premier ministre tha&#239;landais par la Cour constitutionnelle, remplac&#233; par une membre de la famille Shinawatra</a> (Durian Stories)</p></li></ul><p><strong>October</strong> &#8211; Donald Trump conditions his attendance at the ASEAN summit on the conclusion of a peace deal between Thailand and Cambodia. Bangkok and Phnom Penh comply with little enthusiasm, hoping to secure concessions from Washington. The agreement is scrapped just two weeks after being signed.</p><ul><li><p>&#201;mission : <a href="https://www.france24.com/fr/%C3%A9missions/parlons-en-les-invit%C3%A9s/20251028-trump-en-tourn%C3%A9e-l-asie-du-sud-est-en-rangs-serr%C3%A9s-avec-j-b-monnier-et-j-loesch">Trump en tourn&#233;e : l&#8217;Asie du Sud-Est en rangs serr&#233;s ? Avec J.-B. Monnier et J. Loesch</a> (France 24)</p></li><li><p><a href="https://www.ifri.org/fr/editoriaux/cambodge-thailande-un-accord-de-paix-en-trompe-loeil">Cambodge-Tha&#239;lande : un accord de paix en trompe-l&#8217;oeil</a> (Ifri)</p></li></ul><p><strong>November</strong> - Southeast Asia has been hit by a wave of destructive floods, triggered by unusually intense monsoon rains and a succession of typhoons. Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines have all been affected, with a combined death toll of more than fifteen hundred.</p><ul><li><p><a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/i/180135778/des-inondations-meurtrieres-revelent-des-failles-majeures-dans-la-gestion-publique-des-risques">Des inondations meurtri&#232;res r&#233;v&#232;lent des failles majeures dans la gestion publique des risques</a> (Durian Stories)</p></li></ul><p><strong>December</strong> &#8211; The revelation that the two perpetrators of the Bondi attack had previously stayed in Mindanao briefly refocuses attention on jihadist militancy in the southern Philippines&#8212;still present, though significantly weakened since the 2017 siege of Marawi.</p><ul><li><p><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/posts/juliette-loesch_philippines-activity-7407676160064630784-MUe9?utm_source=share&amp;utm_medium=member_desktop&amp;rcm=ACoAACfWNPYB5zfd0CKpqa83pE3jZB5xrTCdLnk">Focus Asie - S&#233;jour des deux tireurs de l&#8217;attentat de Bondi au Mindanao</a> (LinkedIn)</p></li></ul><div class="pullquote"><p>Thank you for taking the time to read this piece. If you enjoyed it, let me know by clicking the &#9829; or sharing this post.</p><p>Are you expanding your activities in Southeast Asia and looking to better understand this complex region? Do you need tailored insights on a regional issue or expert support to set up strategic monitoring? Feel free to <a href="mailto:juliette.loesch@inalco.fr">get in touch</a>.</p></div><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/p/une-annee-en-asie-du-sud-est-une?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Partager&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/une-annee-en-asie-du-sud-est-une?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Partager</span></a></p><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Une année en Asie du Sud-Est : conflit entre la Thaïlande et le Cambodge, déclin de l'influence américaine, fortes mobilisations sociales en Indonésie et aux Philippines]]></title><description><![CDATA[R&#233;trospective 2025 (1/2)]]></description><link>https://durianstories.substack.com/p/une-annee-en-asie-du-sud-est-conflit</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://durianstories.substack.com/p/une-annee-en-asie-du-sud-est-conflit</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Juliette Loesch]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 19 Jan 2026 07:02:11 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lQ3v!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b9ebc6d-12e2-46ca-8ac2-0c0acd0f049b_256x256.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>(English version below)</em> </p><p>Ch&#232;res lectrices, chers lecteurs,</p><p>Lorsque j&#8217;&#233;crivais, il y a un an, mes r&#233;flexions pour 2025, j&#8217;avoue n&#8217;avoir jamais pens&#233; &#224; la possibilit&#233; d&#8217;une reprise du conflit entre la Tha&#239;lande et le Cambodge. C&#8217;est &#224; mes yeux l&#8217;&#233;v&#233;nement le plus surprenant, mais aussi le plus important de l&#8217;ann&#233;e, tant il emporte de cons&#233;quences : sur le partage des r&#244;les entre ASEAN et puissances ext&#233;rieures dans la r&#233;solution du conflit, sur les interactions funestes entre politique, criminalit&#233; et relations internationales - tout en r&#233;veillant, en &#233;cho au contexte mondial, une r&#233;flexion sur l&#8217;avenir de la paix et de la s&#233;curit&#233; r&#233;gionale.</p><p>D&#8217;autres tendances, au contraire, &#233;taient tout &#224; fait pr&#233;visibles, comme le d&#233;clin de l&#8217;influence am&#233;ricaine, les difficult&#233;s croissantes des gouvernements &#224; faire face &#224; des &#233;v&#233;nements climatiques extr&#234;mes ou encore un ras-le-bol des jeunes g&#233;n&#233;rations face aux pr&#233;dations &#233;conomiques d&#8217;une &#233;lite jug&#233;e toujours plus &#233;loign&#233;e des pr&#233;occupations du peuple.</p><p>Bonne lecture,</p><p>Juliette</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonnez-vous maintenant&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Abonnez-vous maintenant</span></a></p><p>En Asie du Sud-Est, l&#8217;ann&#233;e 2025 a &#233;t&#233; avant tout marqu&#233;e par la r&#233;surgence exceptionnelle et inattendue d&#8217;un conflit arm&#233; entre deux &#201;tats membres de l&#8217;ASEAN. Plus d&#8217;une cinquantaines de victimes civiles et militaires ont ainsi trouv&#233; la mort dans les combats opposant les arm&#233;es tha&#239;landaise et cambodgienne, en d&#233;pit d&#8217;un <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-19-juillet-aout?r=4tnar9">cessez-le-feu sign&#233; fin juillet sous pression am&#233;ricaine</a>. La d&#233;claration de paix p&#233;niblement obtenue en octobre via m&#233;diation malaisienne a &#233;t&#233; <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/inondations-meurtrieres-violation?r=4tnar9">d&#233;nonc&#233;e moins de deux semaines apr&#232;s sa signature</a>, donnant lieu &#224; de nouveaux &#233;changes de tirs &#224; la fronti&#232;re. L&#8217;&#233;chec de l&#8217;ASEAN &#224; obtenir un second cessez-le-feu fin d&#233;cembre a d&#233;finitivement ent&#233;rin&#233; la marginalisation du r&#244;le de l&#8217;organisation r&#233;gionale dans ce conflit. Au contraire, le relatif succ&#232;s de la m&#233;diation chinoise, qui a obtenu le retour des parties &#224; la table des n&#233;gociations, illustre tant les vell&#233;it&#233;s que les capacit&#233;s de P&#233;kin &#224; s&#8217;ing&#233;rer dans les affaires de ses voisins en mati&#232;re de s&#233;curit&#233;.</p><p>Parall&#232;lement, 2025 a confirm&#233; l&#8217;&#233;rosion durable de l&#8217;influence am&#233;ricaine dans la r&#233;gion, <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-16-mars-2025?r=4tnar9">tr&#232;s durement touch&#233;e par la hausse des tarifs douaniers</a> d&#233;cid&#233;e par Washington. Les n&#233;gociations bilat&#233;rales entam&#233;es pour limiter &#224; court terme les effets d&#233;stabilisateurs de cette d&#233;cision ne doivent pas cacher les tendances de fond, consistant &#224; diversifier au maximum les partenariats &#233;conomiques et diplomatiques. La Chine, bien s&#251;r, est une des principales b&#233;n&#233;ficiaires de cette dynamique. Au-del&#224; du symbole constitu&#233; par <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-17-avril-mai-2025">la tourn&#233;e tr&#232;s positive de Xi Jinping en Asie du Sud-Est continentale</a>, quelques jours seulement apr&#232;s l&#8217;annonce du <em>Liberation Day</em> am&#233;ricain, les engagements sont bien r&#233;els, &#224; l&#8217;instar de l&#8217;approfondissement de l&#8217;accord de libre-&#233;change entre l&#8217;ASEAN et la Chine. D&#8217;autres partenaires, &#233;galement mis &#224; mal par les d&#233;cisions am&#233;ricaines, (re)d&#233;couvrent le potentiel de la r&#233;gion : Inde, pays du Golfe, Union Europ&#233;enne&#8230; ou encore Russie - un palmar&#232;s de partenaires avec lesquels l&#8217;Indon&#233;sie a, par exemple, renforc&#233; ses liens au cours de l&#8217;ann&#233;e. La France n&#8217;est pas en reste, ainsi que l&#8217;illustre <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/visite-du-president-macron-en-asie?r=4tnar9">le d&#233;placement du pr&#233;sident Macron</a> au Vietnam, en Indon&#233;sie et &#224; Singapour en juin, o&#249; il a d&#233;livr&#233; le keynote speech du Shangri-La Dialogue. Seules les Philippines semblent maintenir leur proximit&#233; avec Washington - une attitude compr&#233;hensible au regard de leurs int&#233;r&#234;ts de s&#233;curit&#233;, dont l&#8217;alliance constitue le garant en dernier ressort, mais aussi vu le traitement de faveur (relatif) dont elles ont b&#233;n&#233;fici&#233; par rapport &#224; leurs voisins et partenaires au sein de l&#8217;ASEAN (taux de tarifs douaniers inf&#233;rieurs, maintien de l&#8217;aide au d&#233;veloppement et militaire).</p><p>Sur le plan int&#233;rieur, l&#8217;ann&#233;e 2025 a &#233;t&#233; marqu&#233;e par des mobilisations sociales d&#8217;ampleur dans plusieurs pays. En Indon&#233;sie, la premi&#232;re ann&#233;e de mandat du pr&#233;sident Prabowo Subianto a vu l&#8217;organisation de manifestations massives, <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-19-juillet-aout?r=4tnar9">qui ont fait une victime en ao&#251;t</a>. Si l&#8217;ex&#233;cutif a r&#233;pondu par l&#8217;annonce d&#8217;une r&#233;forme de la police, plusieurs signaux sugg&#232;rent plut&#244;t un resserrement progressif des marges de man&#339;uvre dont disposent les oppositions. Aux Philippines, la population s&#8217;est mobilis&#233;e &#224; deux reprises contre un <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/lensemble-du-systeme-politique-philippin?r=4tnar9">scandale majeur de corruption</a>, li&#233; au d&#233;tournement de fonds destin&#233;s &#224; des infrastructures de pr&#233;vention des inondations. D&#233;j&#224; affaibli par des &#233;lections de mi-mandat d&#233;favorables &#224; son camp, le pr&#233;sident Ferdinand Marcos Jr. doit trouver une nouvelle strat&#233;gie de consolidation politique en vue des &#233;ch&#233;ances pr&#233;sidentielles de 2028.</p><p>Enfin, l&#8217;ann&#233;e s&#8217;est achev&#233;e sur <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/inondations-meurtrieres-violation?r=4tnar9">une s&#233;rie d&#8217;inondations meurtri&#232;res</a> en Tha&#239;lande, au Vietnam, en Malaisie, aux Philippines et en Indon&#233;sie. Le bilan cumul&#233; d&#233;passe 1 500 victimes, dont plus de 1 000 pour la seule Indon&#233;sie. Au-del&#224; de l&#8217;ampleur humaine du choc, ces catastrophes ont mis en &#233;vidence l&#8217;insuffisante pr&#233;paration des pouvoirs publics face &#224; l&#8217;intensification et &#224; la r&#233;currence des &#233;v&#233;nements climatiques extr&#234;mes.</p><p>En 2026, le d&#233;but d&#8217;ann&#233;e sera marqu&#233; par plusieurs &#233;ch&#233;ances &#233;lectorales aux implications politiques sensibles. Au Myanmar, <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/reactions-attendues-a-lintervention?r=4tnar9">la fin du processus &#233;lectoral d&#233;but&#233; en d&#233;cembre 2025</a> se d&#233;roulera dans un contexte de conflit arm&#233; et de criminalit&#233; end&#233;mique. Si l&#8217;issue du scrutin ne fait gu&#232;re de doute, l&#8217;enjeu r&#233;sidera dans la capacit&#233; de la junte &#224; consolider une fa&#231;ade civile suffisante pour tenter une r&#233;int&#233;gration progressive dans le jeu international, <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/reactions-attendues-a-lintervention?r=4tnar9">avec le soutien d&#233;j&#224; affich&#233; de la Russie, de la Chine et de l&#8217;Inde</a>. En Tha&#239;lande, la tenue d&#8217;&#233;lections l&#233;gislatives anticip&#233;es &#224; la <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/reactions-attendues-a-lintervention?r=4tnar9">suite &#224; la dissolution du Parlement</a> ne devrait pas, en revanche, apporter de solution durable &#224; l&#8217;instabilit&#233; politique, tant la crise partisane et institutionnelle demeure profonde.</p><p>Au-del&#224; de ces scrutins, l&#8217;&#233;volution du conflit entre la Tha&#239;lande et le Cambodge restera un dossier central. La lutte contre les <em>scam centers</em> est &#233;galement appel&#233;e &#224; gagner en importance, alors que ces centres sont d&#233;sormais per&#231;us comme un enjeu de s&#233;curit&#233; nationale tant par la Chine <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/sommet-de-lasean-trump-en-asie-scam">que par les &#201;tats-Unis</a>. Enfin, la pr&#233;sidence philippine de l&#8217;ASEAN constituera un test politique et diplomatique majeur pour le pr&#233;sident Ferdinand Marcos Jr., qui a d&#233;j&#224; affich&#233; l&#8217;ambition de faire progresser, voire de conclure, les n&#233;gociations sur le code de conduite en mer de Chine m&#233;ridionale.</p><p>&#8212;</p><p>Merci d&#8217;avoir pris le temps de lire cet article. Si vous appr&#233;ciez mon travail, faites-le moi savoir en cliquant sur le &#9829; ou en partageant ce post.</p><div class="pullquote"><p>Vous d&#233;veloppez vos activit&#233;s en Asie du Sud-Est et cherchez &#224; mieux comprendre cette r&#233;gion complexe ? Vous avez besoin d&#8217;un &#233;clairage particulier sur une probl&#233;matique r&#233;gionale ou d&#8217;un accompagnement expert pour mettre en place une veille strat&#233;gique ? <a href="mailto:juliette.loesch@inalco.fr">Contactez-moi</a>.</p></div><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/p/une-annee-en-asie-du-sud-est-conflit?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Partager&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/une-annee-en-asie-du-sud-est-conflit?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Partager</span></a></p><h1>English version</h1><p>Dear readers,</p><p>When I set out my reflections for 2025 a year ago, I never imagined that fighting might resume between Thailand and Cambodia. This has been, in my view, the most unexpected&#8212;and the most consequential&#8212;development of the year. Its implications are far-reaching: for the respective roles of ASEAN and external powers in conflict management; for the deadly entanglement of politics, criminal networks, and international relations; and, in a broader global context, for renewed debates on the future of regional peace and security.</p><p>Other dynamics, by contrast, unfolded largely as anticipated: the continued weakening of U.S. influence, governments&#8217; growing difficulty in coping with increasingly severe climate events, and a rising sense of frustration among younger generations confronted with the economic predation of elites seen as ever more detached from popular concerns.</p><p>I wish you an insightful read,</p><p>Juliette</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonnez-vous maintenant&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Abonnez-vous maintenant</span></a></p><p>Across Southeast Asia, 2025 will be remembered first and foremost for the rare and unexpected return of interstate armed conflict within ASEAN. Fighting between Thai and Cambodian forces claimed more than fifty civilian and military lives, despite a ceasefire agreed at the end of July under U.S. pressure. A fragile peace declaration brokered in October through Malaysian mediation collapsed within weeks, giving way to renewed border clashes. ASEAN&#8217;s inability to secure a second ceasefire by the end of the year confirmed the organization&#8217;s declining relevance in managing this crisis. By contrast, China&#8217;s comparatively effective mediation, which succeeded in bringing both sides back to negotiations, highlighted not only Beijing&#8217;s ambitions but also its growing capacity to shape security dynamics in its immediate neighborhood.</p><p>At the same time, 2025 further exposed the long-term erosion of U.S. influence in the region, exacerbated by the sharp rise in tariffs imposed by Washington. While bilateral talks were launched to contain the most immediate destabilizing effects, these efforts cannot obscure a deeper shift: Southeast Asian states are actively diversifying their economic and diplomatic partnerships. China has been a major beneficiary of this trend. Beyond the symbolism of Xi Jinping&#8217;s well-received tour of mainland Southeast Asia, conducted just days after Washington&#8217;s &#8220;Liberation Day&#8221; announcement, concrete steps were taken&#8212;notably the further deepening of the ASEAN&#8211;China free trade agreement. Other actors affected by U.S. trade decisions have also renewed their interest in the region, including India, Gulf countries, the European Union, and Russia. Indonesia, in particular, strengthened ties with this broad range of partners over the course of the year. France, too, sought to reinforce its presence, as illustrated by President Emmanuel Macron&#8217;s visit to Vietnam, Indonesia, and Singapore in June, where he delivered the keynote address at the Shangri-La Dialogue. The Philippines stand somewhat apart, maintaining close alignment with Washington&#8212;a stance shaped by their security priorities and reinforced by comparatively favorable treatment, including lower tariff rates and the continuation of development and military assistance.</p><p>Domestically, 2025 was marked by significant social mobilization in several countries. In Indonesia, the first year of President Prabowo Subianto&#8217;s term saw large-scale protests, one of which turned deadly in August. Although the government announced plans for police reform, multiple signals point instead to a gradual narrowing of political space for opposition forces. In the Philippines, mass protests erupted twice in response to a major corruption scandal involving the diversion of funds intended for flood-prevention infrastructure. Already weakened by unfavorable midterm elections, President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. now faces the challenge of rebuilding political momentum ahead of the 2028 presidential race.</p><p>The year ended on a grim note, with devastating floods across Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Indonesia. More than 1,500 people lost their lives, over 1,000 of them in Indonesia alone. Beyond the human toll, these disasters laid bare the limited preparedness of public authorities in the face of more frequent and intense climate-related shocks.</p><p>Looking ahead to 2026, several electoral milestones with significant political implications will shape the early months of the year. In Myanmar, the conclusion of an electoral process launched in December 2025 will take place against the backdrop of ongoing armed conflict and entrenched criminal activity. While the outcome is largely predetermined, the key question will be whether the junta can construct a sufficiently credible civilian fa&#231;ade to pursue a gradual re-entry into the international arena, with the open backing of Russia, China, and India. In Thailand, early legislative elections following the dissolution of parliament are unlikely to resolve the country&#8217;s political instability, given the depth of its partisan and institutional crisis.</p><p>Beyond these ballots, the Thailand&#8211;Cambodia conflict will remain a central issue to watch. Efforts to dismantle scam centers are also set to intensify, as these networks are increasingly framed as national security threats by both China and the United States. Finally, the Philippines&#8217; chairmanship of ASEAN will represent a major diplomatic test for President Ferdinand Marcos Jr., who has signaled his ambition to advance&#8212;if not finalize&#8212;negotiations on a code of conduct in the South China Sea.</p><p>&#8212;</p><p>Thank you for taking the time to read this piece. If you enjoyed it, let me know by clicking the &#9829; or sharing this post.</p><div class="pullquote"><p>Are you expanding your activities in Southeast Asia and looking to better understand this complex region? Do you need tailored insights on a regional issue or expert support to set up strategic monitoring? Feel free to <a href="mailto:juliette.loesch@inalco.fr">get in touch</a>.</p></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Réactions attendues à l'intervention américaine au Venezuela, élections sur fond de conflit]]></title><description><![CDATA[Fresh Mango Juice #23 (d&#233;cembre 2025)]]></description><link>https://durianstories.substack.com/p/reactions-attendues-a-lintervention</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://durianstories.substack.com/p/reactions-attendues-a-lintervention</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Juliette Loesch]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 12 Jan 2026 07:00:10 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/4dec08d9-f38e-4265-8d0c-350bdd791aa1_256x256.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Cp90!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F57d7b7f2-1cb6-41e5-bac2-f1cd282fa87d_1584x396.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Cp90!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F57d7b7f2-1cb6-41e5-bac2-f1cd282fa87d_1584x396.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Cp90!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F57d7b7f2-1cb6-41e5-bac2-f1cd282fa87d_1584x396.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Cp90!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F57d7b7f2-1cb6-41e5-bac2-f1cd282fa87d_1584x396.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Cp90!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F57d7b7f2-1cb6-41e5-bac2-f1cd282fa87d_1584x396.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Cp90!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F57d7b7f2-1cb6-41e5-bac2-f1cd282fa87d_1584x396.heic" width="1456" height="364" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/57d7b7f2-1cb6-41e5-bac2-f1cd282fa87d_1584x396.heic&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:364,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:18297,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/heic&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/i/184049010?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F57d7b7f2-1cb6-41e5-bac2-f1cd282fa87d_1584x396.heic&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Cp90!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F57d7b7f2-1cb6-41e5-bac2-f1cd282fa87d_1584x396.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Cp90!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F57d7b7f2-1cb6-41e5-bac2-f1cd282fa87d_1584x396.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Cp90!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F57d7b7f2-1cb6-41e5-bac2-f1cd282fa87d_1584x396.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Cp90!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F57d7b7f2-1cb6-41e5-bac2-f1cd282fa87d_1584x396.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Vous &#234;tes sur <em><strong>Fresh Mango Juice</strong></em>, la revue de presse mensuelle de <em><strong><a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/">Durian Stories</a></strong></em>, une newsletter d&#8217;actualit&#233;s politiques et internationales sur l&#8217;Asie du Sud-Est. <strong>English version below</strong>.</p><p>&#8212;</p><p>Ch&#232;res lectrices, cher lecteurs,</p><p>Je voudrais tout d&#8217;abord vous adresser mes meilleurs v&#339;ux pour cette nouvelle ann&#233;e. Face &#224; une actualit&#233; internationale qui suscite parfois l&#8217;incompr&#233;hension, voire la sid&#233;ration, je vous souhaite de trouver des voix nuanc&#233;es, ancr&#233;es dans les faits et une connaissance fine des contextes, dont j&#8217;esp&#232;re humblement que cette newsletter fait partie.</p><p>Alors que la densit&#233; de l&#8217;actualit&#233; de janvier donne d&#233;j&#224; le sentiment d&#8217;un retard, je vous propose, &#224; contre-courant, de marquer une pause et de prendre du recul sur l&#8217;ann&#233;e &#233;coul&#233;e. Dans les prochaines semaines, je partagerai ainsi les tendances qui m&#8217;ont paru structurantes en 2025, ainsi que mes principaux &#171; what to watch &#187; pour 2026.</p><p>Je vous propose de commencer simplement aujourd&#8217;hui par un retour sur le mois pass&#233;, &#224; l&#8217;occasion de notre rendez-vous mensuel du <em>Fresh Mango Juice</em>.</p><p>Bonne lecture !</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonnez-vous maintenant&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Abonnez-vous maintenant</span></a></p><h3><strong>R&#233;actions &#224; l&#8217;intervention am&#233;ricaine au Venezuela : reflet des relations des pays de l&#8217;ASEAN avec Washington</strong></h3><p>Sans peur de la contradiction, je commence cette revue par un &#233;v&#233;nement de 2026 : difficile en effet d&#8217;ignorer l&#8217;intervention am&#233;ricaine au Venezuela dans le cadre de notre rentr&#233;e.</p><p>Pas de surprise &#224; la lecture des r&#233;actions r&#233;gionales, &#224; commencer par l&#8217;absence de prise de position de l&#8217;ASEAN, dont la pr&#233;sidence est revenue aux Philippines en d&#233;but d&#8217;ann&#233;e.</p><p>Manille, justement, se trouve dans une situation d&#233;licate. Largement d&#233;pendante de son alliance avec les &#201;tats-Unis pour sa s&#233;curit&#233;, elle s&#8217;est gard&#233;e de condamner ouvertement l&#8217;intervention, tout en <a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/statement-concern-usa-operation-venezuela-maduro-capture-january-5-2026/">appelant les parties</a> &#171; &#224; r&#233;soudre leurs diff&#233;rends par des moyens pacifiques et &#224; faire preuve de retenue pour &#233;viter une escalade du conflit &#187; - tentative de rappeler &#224; son alli&#233; son engagement envers un &#171; ordre international fond&#233; sur le droit &#187;, r&#233;guli&#232;rement invoqu&#233; par les autorit&#233;s philippines pour condamner l&#8217;expansion chinoise en mer de Chine m&#233;ridionale.</p><p>Dans la m&#234;me veine, <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/international-relations/china-slams-trump-s-venezuela-strike-as-allies-in-asia-tread-carefully">le Vietnam, la Tha&#239;lande et Singapour</a> ont invit&#233; les parties &#224; respecter les principes de la Charte des Nations unies, qui consacrent le respect de la souverainet&#233; des &#201;tats et le non-recours &#224; la force comme mode de gestion des diff&#233;rends, sans toutefois condamner explicitement les &#201;tats-Unis.</p><p>Seules la Malaisie et l&#8217;Indon&#233;sie, toutes deux engag&#233;es dans une dynamique assum&#233;e de diversification extra-occidentale de leurs partenariats, ont <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2026/01/dangerous-precedent-southeast-asias-response-to-us-venezuela-intervention/">os&#233; un discours de fermet&#233;</a>, condamnant l&#8217;intervention am&#233;ricaine comme une violation du droit international et alertant sur le pr&#233;c&#233;dent dangereux qu&#8217;elle pourrait &#233;tablir.</p><p>Quoiqu&#8217;il en soit, comme l&#8217;a not&#233; <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2026/01/dangerous-precedent-southeast-asias-response-to-us-venezuela-intervention/">Sebastian Strangio pour The Diplomat,</a> l&#8217;intervention am&#233;ricaine a sans doute moins choqu&#233; en Asie du Sud-Est que dans d&#8217;autres r&#233;gions du monde, historiquement plus proches des &#201;tats-Unis. Les pays de l&#8217;ASEAN, qui ont pour la plupart subi les effets directs des imp&#233;rialismes de la guerre froide, n&#8217;ont en effet jamais r&#233;ellement adh&#233;r&#233; &#224; la fa&#231;ade id&#233;ologique lib&#233;rale pr&#233;sent&#233;e par les Etats-Unis pour justifier leurs actions &#224; l&#8217;international.</p><h3><strong>Asie du Sud-Est continentale : campagnes &#233;lectorales sur fond de conflits arm&#233;s</strong></h3><p>Conflits et &#233;lections semblent aller de pair en cette fin d&#8217;ann&#233;e. La junte birmane, d&#233;sireuse de troquer l&#8217;uniforme pour des habits civils cinq ans apr&#232;s le coup d&#8217;&#201;tat de f&#233;vrier 2021, a organis&#233; le 29 d&#233;cembre la premi&#232;re phase - sur trois - des &#233;lections g&#233;n&#233;rales annonc&#233;es de longue date. Ce scrutin, limit&#233; g&#233;ographiquement en raison de la persistance d&#8217;un enchev&#234;trement de conflits arm&#233;s, mais aussi du fait de lois &#233;lectorales particuli&#232;rement r&#233;pressives (<a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&amp;source=web&amp;rct=j&amp;opi=89978449&amp;url=https://asia.nikkei.com/spotlight/myanmar-crisis/myanmar-s-incomplete-general-election-5-things-to-know&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjTq_uqg_-RAxX0U6QEHeUpK58QFnoECDEQAQ&amp;usg=AOvVaw18JpaPhzjQ2VExFRflfgDe">40 partis interdits</a>, <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/12/myanmar-military-prosecuting-more-than-200-under-harsh-election-disruption-law/">plus de 200 arrestations</a>pendant la campagne), a sans surprise confirm&#233; la domination du parti pro-militaire USDP, qui a <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/spotlight/myanmar-crisis/myanmar-s-military-backed-party-takes-lead-in-first-phase-of-polls">remport&#233; 38 des 40 si&#232;ges de la chambre basse</a> mis en jeu. <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/myanmar-junta-says-voter-turnout-52-first-phase-election-2025-12-31/">Le taux de participation s&#8217;est &#233;tabli &#224; 52 %,</a> contre 70 % lors des &#233;lections de 2015 et 2020.</p><p>En Tha&#239;lande, <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/turbulent-thailand/thai-pm-to-dissolve-parliament-says-he-will-return-power-to-people">la dissolution de l&#8217;Assembl&#233;e</a> le 12 d&#233;cembre, approuv&#233;e par le roi sur proposition du Premier ministre Anutin Charnvirakul (parti Bhumjaithai) a provoqu&#233; une acc&#233;l&#233;ration brutale de la campagne. Officiellement lanc&#233;e le 27 d&#233;cembre par l&#8217;enregistrement des candidats pour la chambre basse, elle prendra th&#233;oriquement fin le 8 f&#233;vrier avec la tenue d&#8217;&#233;lections g&#233;n&#233;rales anticip&#233;es, en m&#234;me temps qu&#8217;un r&#233;f&#233;rendum concernant la r&#233;vision de la Constitution. Le timing de cette dissolution, d&#233;cid&#233;e un mois avant la fin suppos&#233;e de l&#8217;accord de non-censure avec le parti d&#8217;opposition People&#8217;s Party et en pleine recrudescence du conflit avec le Cambodge, interroge. S&#8217;agirait-il, pour Anutin, de surfer sur la vague nationaliste aliment&#233;e par ce conflit pour &#233;vincer son concurrent progressiste du People&#8217;s Party, <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/politics/3168545/pp-denies-antimilitary-stance-vows-to-press-on-with-reforms">accus&#233; d&#8217;anti-militarisme</a> ? Le pari est risqu&#233;, sachant que la non-r&#233;solution du conflit pourrait <a href="https://www.coffeeparliament.com/p/could-the-election-be-delayed?utm_source=%2Finbox&amp;utm_medium=reader2">&#233;galement conduire &#224; suspendre les &#233;lections</a>. Or, le <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/international-relations/thailand-cambodia-conflict/thailand-and-cambodia-agree-on-72-hour-ceasefire">cessez-le-feu temporaire</a>, sign&#233; le 27 d&#233;cembre, semble d&#233;j&#224; <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/general/3169720/cambodia-breaks-ceasefire-thai-soldier-wounded">fragilis&#233; par un &#171; incident &#187;</a> ayant caus&#233; de graves blessures &#224; un soldat tha&#239;landais le 6 janvier.</p><h3><strong>En bref</strong></h3><p>En Malaisie, l&#8217;ancien Premier ministre Najib Razak a &#233;t&#233; <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/malaysia-court-sentences-ex-pm-najib-to-15-years-in-biggest-1mdb-case">reconnu coupable</a> de l&#8217;ensemble des charges retenues contre lui dans le cadre du scandale de corruption 1Malaysia Development Berhad (1MDB) et condamn&#233; &#224; une peine totale de quinze ans de prison. Son avocat a d&#8217;ores et d&#233;j&#224; indiqu&#233; que Najib ferait appel de cette d&#233;cision.</p><p>Aux Philippines, de <a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/sarah-discaya-arrested-ghost-project-davao-occidental/">nouvelles arrestations ont eu lieu</a> en lien avec le scandale des syst&#232;mes de contr&#244;le des inondations. Dans ce contexte, alors que parlementaires et membres du gouvernement doivent d&#233;montrer leur sinc&#233;rit&#233; &#224; lutter contre la corruption, le budget adopt&#233; par la chambre basse <a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/ralph-recto-says-accountability-2025-budget-mess-ombudsman/">int&#232;gre toujours de nombreuses lignes non-fl&#233;ch&#233;es</a> (unprogrammed appropriations) accroissant le risque de d&#233;tournement. Le pr&#233;sident Marcos, touch&#233; de pr&#232;s par le scandale, sort <a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/filipinos-trust-sara-duterte-than-marcos-jr-sws-survey-december-2025/">tr&#232;s affaibli de l&#8217;ann&#233;e 2025</a>, avec un taux d&#8217;approbation exceptionnellement bas de 34 % selon un sondage de l&#8217;institut Pulse Asia. Sa principale adversaire politique et vice-pr&#233;sidente, Sara Duterte, enregistre au contraire une nette progression, avec un taux d&#8217;approbation de 56 %, contre 35 % en septembre.</p><p>En Indon&#233;sie, l&#8217;actualit&#233; du mois de d&#233;cembre est rest&#233;e marqu&#233;e par la gestion de la crise provoqu&#233;e par les inondations &#224; Sumatra, qui ont fait 1 135 morts selon un bilan arr&#234;t&#233; au 25 d&#233;cembre. Le pr&#233;sident Prabowo s&#8217;est rendu &#224; plusieurs reprises dans les provinces sinistr&#233;es afin d&#8217;y porter <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2026/01/03/concerns-over-sumatra-recovery-as-prabowo-makes-new-year-visit.html?utm_source=(direct)&amp;utm_medium=channel_indonesia">un message de &#171; retour &#224; la normale &#187;,</a> mettant en avant la bonne gestion de la crise par l&#8217;&#201;tat. Cette lecture est toutefois contest&#233;e par certains acteurs locaux, qui appellent &#224; ouvrir le nord de Sumatra &#224; l&#8217;aide internationale, une option fermement rejet&#233;e par Jakarta. De nombreux villages demeurent coup&#233;s des secours, tandis que plusieurs reportages <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/indonesian-media-censorship-on-sumatra-floods-raises-press-freedom-alarms">font &#233;tat de pressions et d&#8217;intimidations</a> exerc&#233;es &#224; l&#8217;encontre de journalistes et d&#8217;activistes relayant des discours divergents de la vision promue par les autorit&#233;s centrales.</p><p>&#8212;</p><p>Merci d&#8217;avoir pris le temps de lire cet article. Si vous appr&#233;ciez mon travail, faites-le moi savoir en cliquant sur le &#9829; ou en partageant ce post.</p><p>Vous d&#233;veloppez vos activit&#233;s en Asie du Sud-Est et cherchez &#224; mieux comprendre cette r&#233;gion complexe ? Vous avez besoin d&#8217;un &#233;clairage particulier sur une probl&#233;matique r&#233;gionale ou d&#8217;un accompagnement expert pour mettre en place une veille strat&#233;gique ? <a href="mailto:juliette.loesch@inalco.fr">Contactez-moi</a>.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/p/reactions-attendues-a-lintervention?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Partager&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/reactions-attendues-a-lintervention?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Partager</span></a></p><div><hr></div><h1>English version</h1><p>You&#8217;re reading Fresh Mango Juice, the monthly news roundup from <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/">Durian Stories</a>, a newsletter on political and international affairs in Southeast Asia. <em><strong>Version fran&#231;aise ci-dessus</strong></em>.</p><p>--</p><p>Dear readers,</p><p>Let me begin by wishing you all the very best for the year ahead. At a time when international news can sometimes be bewildering&#8212;or even unsettling&#8212;I hope you will find voices that are nuanced, firmly grounded in facts, and attentive to context. It is my modest ambition for this newsletter to be one of them.</p><p>As the sheer intensity of January&#8217;s news cycle already creates a sense of running behind, I suggest we move against the current: taking a pause, and stepping back to reflect on the year just past. In the coming weeks, I will share the trends that struck me as most structurally significant in 2025, as well as my main &#8220;what to watch&#8221; for 2026.</p><p>For now, let us begin simply with a look back at the past month, as part of our regular <em>Fresh Mango Juice</em> monthly edition.</p><p>Enjoy the reading.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonnez-vous maintenant&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Abonnez-vous maintenant</span></a></p><h3><strong>Reactions to the US intervention in Venezuela: a mirror of ASEAN countries&#8217; relations with Washington</strong></h3><p>At the risk of chronological inconsistency, I open this review with an event from early 2026. It is difficult, indeed, to overlook the US intervention in Venezuela as we begin the year.</p><p>Regional reactions were broadly unsurprising, starting with ASEAN&#8217;s silence&#8212;at a moment when the organization&#8217;s rotating chairmanship has just passed to the Philippines.</p><p>Manila, in particular, finds itself in a delicate position. Heavily reliant on its alliance with the United States for its security, the Philippines avoided any explicit condemnation of the intervention, while <a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/statement-concern-usa-operation-venezuela-maduro-capture-january-5-2026/">calling on all parties</a> &#8220;to resolve their differences through peaceful means and to exercise restraint to avoid further escalation.&#8221; This can be read as a subtle reminder to its ally of its professed commitment to a &#8220;rules-based international order&#8221;&#8212;a concept regularly invoked by Philippine authorities when denouncing China&#8217;s expansion in the South China Sea.</p><p>In a similar vein, <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/international-relations/china-slams-trump-s-venezuela-strike-as-allies-in-asia-tread-carefully">Vietnam, Thailand, and Singapore</a> urged respect for the principles enshrined in the UN Charter, notably state sovereignty and the non-use of force, without directly criticizing the United States.</p><p>Only Malaysia and Indonesia&#8212;both pursuing a deliberate strategy of diversifying their partnerships beyond the Western sphere&#8212;<a href="https://thediplomat.com/2026/01/dangerous-precedent-southeast-asias-response-to-us-venezuela-intervention/">adopted a firmer stance</a>, condemning the intervention as a breach of international law and warning of the dangerous precedent it could set.</p><p>More broadly, as noted by <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2026/01/dangerous-precedent-southeast-asias-response-to-us-venezuela-intervention/">Sebastian Strangio in </a><em><a href="https://thediplomat.com/2026/01/dangerous-precedent-southeast-asias-response-to-us-venezuela-intervention/">The Diplomat</a></em>, the US intervention appears to have provoked less outrage in Southeast Asia than in other regions traditionally closer to Washington. Having lived through the direct consequences of Cold War imperialisms, most ASEAN states have never fully embraced the liberal ideological narrative promoted by the United States.</p><h3><strong>Mainland Southeast Asia: election campaigns amid armed conflict</strong></h3><p>As the year draws to a close, elections and conflict once again appear closely intertwined. In Myanmar, the junta&#8212;seeking to shed its military uniform for civilian attire five years after the February 2021 coup&#8212;held the first of three planned phases of its long-announced general elections on 29 December. The vote was geographically limited, both by the persistence of overlapping armed conflicts and by an especially restrictive electoral framework (<a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/spotlight/myanmar-crisis/myanmar-s-incomplete-general-election-5-things-to-know">40 parties banned</a>, <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/12/myanmar-military-prosecuting-more-than-200-under-harsh-election-disruption-law/">over 200 arrests</a> during the campaign). Unsurprisingly, it confirmed the dominance of the military-aligned USDP, which <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/spotlight/myanmar-crisis/myanmar-s-military-backed-party-takes-lead-in-first-phase-of-polls">secured 38 of the 40 lower-house seats</a> contested. <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/myanmar-junta-says-voter-turnout-52-first-phase-election-2025-12-31/">Turnout reached 52%</a>, down from around 70% in the last genuinely competitive elections of 2015 and 2020.</p><p>In Thailand, <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/turbulent-thailand/thai-pm-to-dissolve-parliament-says-he-will-return-power-to-people">the dissolution of parliament</a> on 12 December&#8212;approved by the King at the request of Prime Minister Anutin Charnvirakul (Bhumjaithai Party)&#8212;triggered an abrupt acceleration of the campaign. Officially launched on 27 December with candidate registrations for the lower house, the campaign is due to conclude on 8 February with snap general elections, held alongside a referendum on constitutional reform. The timing of the dissolution&#8212;just one month before the expected expiry of a no-confidence truce with the opposition People&#8217;s Party, and amid renewed tensions with Cambodia&#8212;raises questions. Is Anutin attempting to capitalize on a surge of nationalism linked to the conflict in order to weaken his progressive rival, the People&#8217;s Party, <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/politics/3168545/pp-denies-antimilitary-stance-vows-to-press-on-with-reforms">accused of being anti-military</a>? The strategy is risky: failure to resolve the conflict could <a href="https://www.coffeeparliament.com/p/could-the-election-be-delayed?utm_source=%2Finbox&amp;utm_medium=reader2">also result in the postponement of elections</a>. Moreover, the <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/international-relations/thailand-cambodia-conflict/thailand-and-cambodia-agree-on-72-hour-ceasefire">temporary ceasefire</a> signed on 27 December already appears fragile, following an <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/general/3169720/cambodia-breaks-ceasefire-thai-soldier-wounded">&#8220;incident&#8221;</a> on 6 January that left a Thai soldier seriously injured.</p><h3><strong>In brief</strong></h3><p>In Malaysia, former Prime Minister Najib Razak was <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/malaysia-court-sentences-ex-pm-najib-to-15-years-in-biggest-1mdb-case">convicted</a> on all counts in the 1MDB corruption case and sentenced to a total of fifteen years in prison. His legal team has already announced plans to appeal.</p><p>In the Philippines, <a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/sarah-discaya-arrested-ghost-project-davao-occidental/">further arrests</a> were made in connection with the flood-control systems scandal. At a time when lawmakers and cabinet members are under pressure to demonstrate their commitment to tackling corruption, the budget passed by the lower house <a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/ralph-recto-says-accountability-2025-budget-mess-ombudsman/">still contains numerous unprogrammed appropriations</a>, heightening the risk of misuse. President Marcos&#8212;personally affected by the scandal&#8212;emerges from 2025 <a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/filipinos-trust-sara-duterte-than-marcos-jr-sws-survey-december-2025/">severely weakened</a>, with an approval rating of just 34% according to Pulse Asia. By contrast, his main political rival and Vice President, Sara Duterte, has seen her popularity rise sharply, reaching 56%, up from 35% in September.</p><p>In Indonesia, December remained dominated by the response to devastating floods in Sumatra, which had claimed 1,135 lives as of 25 December. President Prabowo made several visits to the affected provinces, promoting a narrative of <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2026/01/03/concerns-over-sumatra-recovery-as-prabowo-makes-new-year-visit.html?utm_source=(direct)&amp;utm_medium=channel_indonesia">&#8220;a return to normal&#8221;</a> and emphasizing what he described as effective state management of the crisis. This account is contested by local actors calling for northern Sumatra to be opened to international assistance&#8212;an option firmly rejected by Jakarta. Many villages remain cut off from aid, while multiple reports <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/indonesian-media-censorship-on-sumatra-floods-raises-press-freedom-alarms">point to pressure and intimidation</a> targeting journalists and activists who challenge the narrative promoted by central authorities.</p><p>&#8212;</p><p>Thank you for taking the time to read this piece. If you enjoyed it, let me know by clicking the &#9829; or sharing this post.</p><p>Are you expanding your activities in Southeast Asia and looking to better understand this complex region? Do you need tailored insights on a regional issue or expert support to set up strategic monitoring? Feel free to <a href="mailto:juliette.loesch@inalco.fr">get in touch</a>.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/p/reactions-attendues-a-lintervention?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Partager&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/reactions-attendues-a-lintervention?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Partager</span></a></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Catastrophe naturelle et déforestation à Sumatra, Suharto héros national et réforme de la police]]></title><description><![CDATA[Bruits de Palais #4 (d&#233;cembre 2025)]]></description><link>https://durianstories.substack.com/p/catastrophe-naturelle-et-deforestation</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://durianstories.substack.com/p/catastrophe-naturelle-et-deforestation</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Juliette Loesch]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 15 Dec 2025 07:02:51 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lQ3v!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b9ebc6d-12e2-46ca-8ac2-0c0acd0f049b_256x256.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>(English version below) </p><p>Ch&#232;res lectrices, chers lecteurs,</p><p>Je reviens comme promis avec une mise &#224; jour approfondie de la situation politique en Indon&#233;sie, tr&#232;s gravement affect&#233;e par les inondations qui ont d&#233;j&#224; endeuill&#233; une partie de l&#8217;Asie du Sud-Est. J&#8217;aborde &#233;galement l&#8217;&#233;l&#233;vation de l&#8217;ancien dictateur Suharto au rang de h&#233;ros national et fais le point sur la r&#233;forme de la police promise apr&#232;s les manifestations d&#8217;ao&#251;t dernier.</p><p>Cette lettre sera la derni&#232;re de 2025 : j&#8217;en profite donc pour vous souhaiter d&#8217;excellentes f&#234;tes et vous remercier sinc&#232;rement de votre pr&#233;sence, toujours plus nombreuse, ainsi que, pour celles et ceux qui me suivent depuis 2022, votre assiduit&#233; &#224; lire ces quelques lignes.</p><p>Je vous donne rendez-vous en janvier pour la traditionnelle r&#233;trospective de l&#8217;ann&#233;e &#233;coul&#233;e et mes r&#233;flexions sur les tendances de l&#8217;ann&#233;e &#224; venir.</p><p>Bonne lecture,</p><p>Juliette</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonnez-vous maintenant&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Abonnez-vous maintenant</span></a></p><h3><strong>Inondations meurtri&#232;res &#224; Sumatra : risque de surcrise et mise en cause de la d&#233;forestation</strong></h3><p>La rencontre du cyclone tropical Senyar et du typhon Koto a provoqu&#233; fin novembre des pluies diluviennes dans le nord de l&#8217;&#238;le indon&#233;sienne de Sumatra, entra&#238;nant des inondations meurtri&#232;res, dont le bilan s&#8217;&#233;l&#232;ve &#224; <a href="https://jakartaglobe.id/news/sumatra-floods-updates-death-toll-hits-995-but-may-be-revised-down">presque 1 000 </a>victimes (bilan au 12/12). 225 personnes restent port&#233;es disparues.</p><p>Les routes et les communications ont &#233;t&#233; en partie coup&#233;es, rendant particuli&#232;rement difficile le d&#233;ploiement de l&#8217;aide humanitaire. L&#8217;agence nationale de gestion des catastrophes (BNPB) faisait &#233;tat le week-end dernier de plus de 500 villages restant totalement isol&#233;s dans la province d&#8217;Aceh.</p><p>Le d&#233;fi humanitaire engendr&#233; par la catastrophe risque encore de s&#8217;aggraver. Les conditions dans lesquelles survivent <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/12/02/sumatra-flood-toll-hits-631-one-million-in-shelters.html">plus d&#8217;un million de rescap&#233;s</a> font en effet craindre une surcrise humanitaire : sans acc&#232;s &#224; l&#8217;eau potable ou &#224; des soins m&#233;dicaux, plusieurs personnes &#233;vacu&#233;es ont <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/12/10/death-strikes-stranded-evacuees-in-isolated-sumatra-shelters.html">commenc&#233; &#224; tomber gravement malades</a>. Pour les personnes encore isol&#233;es, <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/natural-disasters/indonesia-s-aceh-warns-of-famine-as-sumatra-flood-fatalities-near-1-000">le risque de famine est r&#233;el</a>, alors que l&#8217;aide humanitaire ne peut leur &#234;tre d&#233;livr&#233;e que par voie a&#233;rienne.</p><p>Le pr&#233;sident Prabowo Subianto a, pour l&#8217;instant, toutefois pr&#233;f&#233;r&#233; ne pas d&#233;clarer l&#8217;&#233;tat d&#8217;urgence, ce qui aurait pourtant provoqu&#233; la mobilisation de moyens nationaux - un choix critiqu&#233; par les organisations d&#8217;aide humanitaire et qui tend &#224; amoindrir la port&#233;e des <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/12/12/prabowo-returns-to-flood-hit-sumatra-after-pakistan-russia-trip.html">excuses pr&#233;sent&#233;es par Prabowo</a> et son <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/12/05/military-steps-up-relief-efforts-for-flood-hit-sumatra-death-toll-above-860.html">vice-pr&#233;sident</a> concernant des &#171; d&#233;faillances dans la r&#233;ponse de l&#8217;&#201;tat &#187;. Les forces arm&#233;es sont n&#233;anmoins mobilis&#233;es pour secourir les r&#233;sidents des provinces touch&#233;es, en soutien des administrations locales. Jakarta a par ailleurs <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/12/12/prabowo-returns-to-flood-hit-sumatra-after-pakistan-russia-trip.html">refus&#233; l&#8217;aide propos&#233;e par plusieurs pays et organisations internationales.</a></p><p>Les d&#233;g&#226;ts non humains caus&#233;s par les inondations sont <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/natural-disasters/cyclone-ravaged-indonesia-to-suffer-4bn-hit-from-floods-think-tank-says">&#233;valu&#233;s par un think tank jakartanais &#224; 3,5 milliards d&#8217;euros pour cette ann&#233;e</a>, mais les effets &#233;conomiques se feront probablement sentir sur le long terme, compte tenu de la destruction des moyens de substistance, en particulier les champs d&#233;di&#233;s &#224; la riziculture - cela en d&#233;pit des annonces (jug&#233;es irr&#233;alistes par les experts) du minist&#232;re de l&#8217;Agriculture visant &#224; <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/natural-disasters/indonesian-minister-vows-to-restore-damaged-sumatra-rice-fields-quickly">restaurer en deux mois des milliers d&#8217;hectares de rizi&#232;res endommag&#233;es</a>.</p><p>Au-del&#224; des conditions m&#233;t&#233;orologiques, les experts pointent du doigt la responsabilit&#233; des industries mini&#232;re et foresti&#232;re, arguant que les crues soudaines et les glissements de terrain <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/natural-disasters/indonesia-cracks-down-on-illegal-mining-and-forestry-after-sumatra-floods">ont &#233;t&#233; aggrav&#233;s par la d&#233;forestation</a>. Les populations interrogent quant &#224; elles la responsabilit&#233; de l&#8217;&#201;tat dans cette d&#233;forestation, en raison des politiques men&#233;es durant les pr&#233;c&#233;dents mandats pr&#233;sidentiels. Le porte-parole du pr&#233;sident, Teddy Indra Wijaya, soucieux de pr&#233;venir les critiques, a d&#233;j&#224; expliqu&#233; &#224; la presse que <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/12/05/decade-old-video-casts-food-minister-as-villain-in-sumatra-flood.html">le &#171; gouvernement &#233;tait conscient que la d&#233;gradation de l&#8217;environnement avait aggrav&#233; la catastrophe</a> &#224; Sumatra et enqu&#234;tait s&#233;rieusement sur la question &#187;. Le minist&#232;re responsable des for&#234;ts a quant &#224; lui commenc&#233; <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/natural-disasters/indonesia-cracks-down-on-illegal-mining-and-forestry-after-sumatra-floods">de r&#233;voquer des permis de production foresti&#232;re</a>.</p><h3><strong>Honneurs et pardons pr&#233;sidentiels : signaux faibles de l&#8217;&#233;volution du r&#233;gime</strong></h3><p>Les difficult&#233;s rencontr&#233;es par l&#8217;&#201;tat indon&#233;sien dans la lutte contre la corruption ne sont pas l&#8217;apanage du mandat de Prabowo Subianto, qui h&#233;rite d&#8217;un syst&#232;me d&#233;j&#224; affaibli par les r&#233;formes successives de la Commission d&#8217;&#233;radication de la corruption (KPK) men&#233;es par son pr&#233;d&#233;cesseur, Joko Widodo.</p><p>Toutefois, les <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/11/27/presidential-pardons-put-kpks-credibility-in-question.html">r&#233;cents pardons accord&#233;s par le pr&#233;sident &#224; trois personnes condamn&#233;es dans une affaire de corruption</a> de haut niveau semblent confirmer la trajectoire prise par le r&#233;gime, en amoindrissant encore davantage le pouvoir r&#233;el des cours. Ces pardons font par ailleurs &#233;cho aux amnisties accord&#233;es fin ao&#251;t au secr&#233;taire g&#233;n&#233;ral du Parti d&#233;mocratique indon&#233;sien de lutte (PDI-P), Hasto Kristiyanto, et &#224; l&#8217;ancien ministre du Commerce Thomas &#171; Tom &#187; Lembong, que certains analystes <a href="https://indonesiaatmelbourne.unimelb.edu.au/are-prabowos-pardons-for-hasto-and-tom-political/">consid&#232;rent comme des manipulations du droit &#224; des fins politiques</a> - il s&#8217;agissait de conforter le choix du PDI-P de ne pas se constituer comme opposition &#224; la coalition pr&#233;sidentielle.</p><p>Dans un autre registre, l&#8217;&#233;l&#233;vation de Suharto, ancien pr&#233;sident et figure centrale du r&#233;gime autoritaire de l&#8217;Ordre nouveau, <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/indonesia-names-late-dictator-suharto-a-national-hero">au rang de h&#233;ros national</a>, pourrait constituer un autre signal faible de l&#8217;orientation du r&#233;gime sous Prabowo Subianto.</p><p>Demand&#233;e depuis plus de quinze ans par ses partisans, cette reconnaissance n&#8217;a &#233;t&#233; possible qu&#8217;apr&#232;s le retrait de son nom d&#8217;un texte parlementaire relatif aux efforts de lutte contre la corruption, en septembre 2024. Suharto a pourtant &#233;t&#233; d&#233;sign&#233; par Transparency International comme l&#8217;un des dirigeants les plus corrompus de son temps, tandis que les groupes de d&#233;fense des droits rappellent les massacres anticommunistes de 1965-1966, qui ont fait pr&#232;s de 500 000 victimes et sont consid&#233;r&#233;s comme des moments fondateurs de son r&#233;gime.</p><p>La d&#233;cision politique de c&#233;l&#233;brer l&#8217;h&#233;ritage de Suharto semble en fait s&#8217;inscrire dans une d&#233;marche plus g&#233;n&#233;rale de r&#233;interpr&#233;tation de l&#8217;histoire indon&#233;sienne, <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/indonesian-academics-raise-concern-over-government-s-rewriting-of-history">dont une nouvelle version officielle doit para&#238;tre en d&#233;cembre</a>. Cet effort de r&#233;&#233;criture, ax&#233; sur la glorification de la lutte pour l&#8217;ind&#233;pendance et de l&#8217;&#201;tat &#171; d&#233;veloppementaliste &#187; de l&#8217;Ordre nouveau, avantage sans doute l&#8217;actuel pr&#233;sident Prabowo Subianto, en lui permettant de valoriser sa filiation politique, id&#233;ologique et familiale avec l&#8217;ancien dictateur, dont il &#233;tait le gendre.</p><p>Prabowo n&#8217;est d&#8217;ailleurs pas le seul &#224; b&#233;n&#233;ficier de ces efforts, puisque minimiser la corruption et les massacres perp&#233;tr&#233;s sous l&#8217;Ordre nouveau revient, dans le m&#234;me temps, &#224; renforcer l&#8217;impunit&#233; de celles et ceux qui y ont particip&#233; et qui n&#8217;ont pas toujours fait l&#8217;objet de poursuites.</p><p>La r&#233;ception plut&#244;t favorable de cette d&#233;cision par une partie de l&#8217;opinion publique illustre enfin la capacit&#233; des &#233;lites &#224; promouvoir leur version des r&#233;cits nationaux. Aux Philippines voisines, on peut se rappeler, &#224; ce propos, de l&#8217;enterrement de l&#8217;ex-dictateur philippin Ferdinand Marcos Sr. au cimeti&#232;re des h&#233;ros en 2016&#8230; suivi d&#8217;une longue campagne de r&#233;habilitation de son mandat, au profit direct de l&#8217;&#233;lection de son fils &#224; la pr&#233;sidence en 2022.</p><blockquote><p>&#8594; Pour une analyse approfondie de la premi&#232;re ann&#233;e de mandat de Prabowo, retrouvez mon briefing pour l&#8217;Ifri, disponible en acc&#232;s libre au lien suivant : <a href="https://www.ifri.org/fr/briefings/un-de-presidence-prabowo-entre-populisme-economique-et-reflux-democratique">Un an de pr&#233;sidence Prabowo : entre populisme &#233;conomique et reflux d&#233;mocratique</a></p></blockquote><h3><strong>La cour constitutionnelle &#224; l&#8217;avant-garde de la r&#233;forme polici&#232;re / le Parlement &#224; rebours des attentes de la soci&#233;t&#233; civile</strong></h3><p>L&#8217;Indon&#233;sie a &#233;t&#233; secou&#233;e fin ao&#251;t par des manifestations massives ayant caus&#233; un mort &#224; Jakarta. Le pouvoir avait en partie r&#233;agi aux demandes des participants en initiant une r&#233;forme de la police, dont la r&#233;alisation tardait toutefois &#224; se mat&#233;rialiser.</p><p><a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/11/12/police-reform-team-begins-work-amid-skepticism.html">La c&#233;r&#233;monie d&#8217;inauguration de la commission de r&#233;forme de la police</a> a finalement eu lieu le 12 novembre dernier. Cette &#233;quipe de dix membres s&#8217;est engag&#233;e &#224; remettre ses recommandations au pr&#233;sident dans un d&#233;lai de 90 jours, tout en assurant que les discussions int&#233;greraient des consultations publiques avec des universitaires, des groupes &#233;tudiants et des organisations de la soci&#233;t&#233; civile. Hasard (ou non) du calendrier, le lendemain de cette c&#233;r&#233;monie, la Cour constitutionnelle a conclu que les policiers en activit&#233; &#233;taient <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/11/13/constitutional-court-bans-police-from-holding-second-job.html">interdits d&#8217;occuper des fonctions au sein du gouvernement</a>. Le d&#233;tachement d&#8217;officiers issus des forces de s&#233;curit&#233; au sein des administrations civiles est une pratique courante h&#233;rit&#233;e de l&#8217;Ordre nouveau. Si elle a &#233;t&#233; en partie l&#233;gitim&#233;e pour les forces arm&#233;es avec la r&#233;vision de la loi sur les TNI de mars 2025, cette pratique est donc d&#233;sormais interdite pour la police. Il faudra toutefois voir comment cette d&#233;cision sera mise en &#339;uvre par l&#8217;administration et le gouvernement, alors que plusieurs postes cl&#233;s de l&#8217;administration ont &#233;t&#233; attribu&#233;s &#224; des officiers g&#233;n&#233;raux de la police depuis le d&#233;but du mandat de Prabowo.</p><p>Si la r&#233;forme de la police, demand&#233;e avec force par les organisations de la soci&#233;t&#233; civile, semble enfin prendre forme, le Parlement a quant &#224; lui compl&#232;tement renonc&#233; aux engagements pris &#224; l&#8217;issue des manifestations : la chambre basse a en effet <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/11/24/asset-bill-pushed-to-2026-as-house-focus-on-other-bills.html">report&#233; l&#8217;examen du projet de loi sur la confiscation des avoirs</a>, pourtant class&#233; parmi les l&#233;gislations prioritaires de 2025, pour se concentrer sur la loi relative au Code de proc&#233;dure p&#233;nale (KUHAP), elle-m&#234;me <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/11/19/house-passes-revised-kuhap-despite-abuse-of-authority-concerns.html">contest&#233;e par des organisations de la soci&#233;t&#233; civile</a> en raison de certaines dispositions jug&#233;es susceptibles d&#8217;ouvrir la voie &#224; des abus de pouvoir. Cette loi doit compl&#233;ter le nouveau Code p&#233;nal (KUHP), adopt&#233; en 2022 et qui entrera en vigueur en janvier 2026.</p><div class="pullquote"><p>Merci d&#8217;avoir pris le temps de lire cet article. Si vous appr&#233;ciez mon travail, faites-le moi savoir en cliquant sur le &#9829; ou en partageant ce post.</p><p>Vous d&#233;veloppez vos activit&#233;s en Asie du Sud-Est et cherchez &#224; mieux comprendre cette r&#233;gion complexe ? Vous avez besoin d&#8217;un &#233;clairage particulier sur une probl&#233;matique r&#233;gionale ou d&#8217;un accompagnement expert pour mettre en place une veille strat&#233;gique ? <a href="mailto:juliette.loesch@inalco.fr">Contactez-moi</a>.</p></div><h1>English version</h1><p>Dear readers,</p><p>As promised, I am back with an in-depth update on the political situation in Indonesia, which has been severely affected by the floods that have already claimed lives across parts of Southeast Asia. This edition also looks at the elevation of former dictator Suharto to the status of national hero and takes stock of the police reform announced in the wake of last August&#8217;s protests.</p><p>This will be the final newsletter of 2025. I would therefore like to take this opportunity to wish you a very happy holiday season and to thank you sincerely for your continued and growing readership, as well as&#8212;especially for those who have been following since 2022&#8212;for your loyalty in reading these lines.</p><p>I look forward to reconnecting in January for the traditional year-in-review and my reflections on the key trends to watch in the year ahead.</p><p>Enjoy the read,</p><p>Juliette</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonnez-vous maintenant&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Abonnez-vous maintenant</span></a></p><h3><strong>Deadly floods in Sumatra: fears of a cascading crisis and renewed scrutiny of anti-deforestation policies</strong></h3><p>In late November, the convergence of tropical cyclone Senyar and Typhoon Koto unleashed torrential rainfall across northern Sumatra, triggering devastating floods. The death toll has climbed to <a href="https://jakartaglobe.id/news/sumatra-floods-updates-death-toll-hits-995-but-may-be-revised-down">nearly 1,000</a> people (as of 12 December), with 225 individuals still reported missing.</p><p>Damage to roads and communication networks has severely disrupted relief operations. Indonesia&#8217;s National Disaster Mitigation Agency (BNPB) reported last weekend that more than 500 villages in Aceh province remained completely cut off.</p><p>The humanitarian situation is likely to deteriorate further. The living conditions of <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/12/02/sumatra-flood-toll-hits-631-one-million-in-shelters.html">more than one million displaced survivors</a>are fueling concerns over a secondary humanitarian crisis: lacking access to clean water and medical care, several evacuees have already <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/12/10/death-strikes-stranded-evacuees-in-isolated-sumatra-shelters.html">fallen seriously ill</a>. For communities that remain isolated, <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/natural-disasters/indonesia-s-aceh-warns-of-famine-as-sumatra-flood-fatalities-near-1-000">the risk of famine is real</a>, as assistance can only be delivered by air.</p><p>President Prabowo Subianto has so far refrained from declaring a state of emergency&#8212;a step that would have unlocked nationwide resources. The decision has drawn criticism from humanitarian organizations and has somewhat undercut the <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/12/12/prabowo-returns-to-flood-hit-sumatra-after-pakistan-russia-trip.html">apologies issued by Prabowo</a> and his <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/12/05/military-steps-up-relief-efforts-for-flood-hit-sumatra-death-toll-above-860.html">vice-president</a> over what they described as &#8220;shortcomings in the [state] response.&#8221; The armed forces have nonetheless been deployed in support of local authorities, while Jakarta has <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/12/12/prabowo-returns-to-flood-hit-sumatra-after-pakistan-russia-trip.html">declined offers of assistance from several countries and international organisations</a>.</p><p>Material losses are <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/natural-disasters/cyclone-ravaged-indonesia-to-suffer-4bn-hit-from-floods-think-tank-says">estimated at &#8364;3.5 billion for this year alone by a Jakarta-based think tank</a>, but the longer-term economic impact is likely to be even more severe. The destruction of livelihoods&#8212;particularly rice paddies&#8212;will weigh heavily on recovery, despite assurances by the Ministry of Agriculture, widely viewed as unrealistic, that <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/natural-disasters/indonesian-minister-vows-to-restore-damaged-sumatra-rice-fields-quickly">thousands of hectares of damaged rice fields could be restored within two months</a>.</p><p>Beyond extreme weather, experts have highlighted the role of mining and forestry activities, arguing that flash floods and landslides were <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/natural-disasters/indonesia-cracks-down-on-illegal-mining-and-forestry-after-sumatra-floods">made worse by deforestation</a>. Local communities, in turn, are questioning the state&#8217;s responsibility, given the policies pursued under previous administrations. Seeking to contain criticism, Cabinet Secretary Teddy Indra Wijaya acknowledged that <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/12/05/decade-old-video-casts-food-minister-as-villain-in-sumatra-flood.html">the government was aware that environmental degradation had exacerbated the disaster</a> and said investigations were under way. The ministry overseeing forests has meanwhile begun <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/natural-disasters/indonesia-cracks-down-on-illegal-mining-and-forestry-after-sumatra-floods">revoking forest production permits</a>.</p><h3><strong>Presidential honors and pardons: indications of a shifting political trajectory</strong></h3><p>Indonesia&#8217;s struggles to curb corruption did not begin under Prabowo Subianto. He inherited an institutional landscape already weakened by successive reforms of the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) under his predecessor, Joko Widodo.</p><p>Still, the <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/11/27/presidential-pardons-put-kpks-credibility-in-question.html">recent presidential pardons granted to three individuals convicted in a high-profile corruption case</a> appear to confirm the direction in which the political system is moving, further eroding the judiciary&#8217;s effective authority. These pardons echo the amnesties granted in late August to Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P) secretary-general Hasto Kristiyanto and former trade minister Thomas &#8220;Tom&#8221; Lembong&#8212;moves that some analysts <a href="https://indonesiaatmelbourne.unimelb.edu.au/are-prabowos-pardons-for-hasto-and-tom-political/">interpret as the instrumentalisation of law for political ends</a>, notably to secure the PDI-P&#8217;s decision not to challenge the presidential coalition.</p><p>In a different vein, the decision to elevate Suharto&#8212;the former president and central figure of the authoritarian New Order&#8212;to the status of <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/indonesia-names-late-dictator-suharto-a-national-hero">national hero</a> offers another indication of the current administration&#8217;s orientation.</p><p>Long sought by Suharto&#8217;s supporters, this recognition only became possible after his name was removed from a parliamentary text on anti-corruption efforts in September 2024. Yet Suharto was identified by Transparency International as one of the most corrupt leaders of his era, while human rights organizations continue to recall the 1965&#8211;1966 anti-communist massacres, which claimed (probably more than) 500,000 lives and laid the foundations of his rule.</p><p>The decision to celebrate Suharto&#8217;s legacy fits within a broader effort to reinterpret Indonesia&#8217;s past, <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/indonesian-academics-raise-concern-over-government-s-rewriting-of-history">with a new official history expected to be released in December</a>. By emphasizing the independence struggle and the &#8220;developmentalist&#8221; state of the New Order, this narrative revision arguably benefits Prabowo Subianto himself, allowing him to highlight his political, ideological and familial ties to the former dictator, to whom he was once related by marriage.</p><p>Such efforts do not benefit Prabowo alone. Minimizing corruption and mass violence under the New Order also reinforces the impunity of those who took part in the regime and were never held to account.</p><p>The relatively positive reception of this decision among segments of public opinion ultimately illustrates the ability of political elites to shape national narratives. Neighboring Philippines offer a telling parallel: the burial of former dictator Ferdinand Marcos Sr. in the Heroes&#8217; Cemetery in 2016 was followed by a sustained rehabilitation campaign&#8212;one that directly paved the way for his son&#8217;s election to the presidency in 2022.</p><blockquote><p>&#8594; For an in-depth analysis of Prabowo&#8217;s first year in office, see my policy brief for IFRI, available open access at the following link: <a href="https://www.ifri.org/fr/briefings/un-de-presidence-prabowo-entre-populisme-economique-et-reflux-democratique">Un an de pr&#233;sidence Prabowo : entre populisme &#233;conomique et reflux d&#233;mocratique</a> (in French)</p></blockquote><h3><strong>Police reform led by the Constitutional Court, as Parliament moves against civil society expectations</strong></h3><p>Indonesia was rocked by large-scale protests in late August, during which one person was killed in Jakarta. The authorities responded in part by launching a long-awaited police reform process, though tangible progress was slow.</p><p>The <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/11/12/police-reform-team-begins-work-amid-skepticism.html">police reform commission was finally inaugurated</a> on 12 November. The ten-member body has pledged to submit its recommendations to the president within 90 days and to conduct public consultations with academics, student groups and civil society organizations.</p><p>Coincidence&#8212;or not&#8212;the following day the Constitutional Court ruled that serving police officers are <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/11/13/constitutional-court-bans-police-from-holding-second-job.html">barred from holding positions within the government</a>. The secondment of security personnel to civilian posts is a long-standing legacy of the New Order. While this practice was partially reaffirmed for the armed forces through revisions to the TNI law in March 2025, it is now formally prohibited for the police. How the ruling will be enforced remains uncertain, particularly given that several senior administrative posts have been filled by high-ranking police officers since Prabowo took office.</p><p>While police reform&#8212;long demanded by civil society&#8212;now appears to be gaining traction, Parliament has moved in the opposite direction on other commitments made in the aftermath of the protests. The lower house has <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/11/24/asset-bill-pushed-to-2026-as-house-focus-on-other-bills.html">postponed deliberation of the asset forfeiture bill</a>, despite its designation as a legislative priority for 2025, opting instead to focus on the Criminal Law Procedures Code (KUHAP). These revisions have themselves been <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/11/19/house-passes-revised-kuhap-despite-abuse-of-authority-concerns.html">strongly contested by civil society organisations</a>, which warn that several provisions could open the door to abuses of power. The revised KUHAP is intended to complement the new Criminal Code (KUHP), adopted in 2022 and set to enter into force in January 2026.</p><div class="pullquote"><p>Thank you for taking the time to read this piece. If you enjoyed it, let me know by clicking the &#9829; or sharing this post.</p><p>Are you expanding your activities in Southeast Asia and looking to better understand this complex region? Do you need tailored insights on a regional issue or expert support to set up strategic monitoring? Feel free to <a href="mailto:juliette.loesch@inalco.fr">get in touch</a>.</p></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[L'ensemble du système politique philippin éclaboussé par un scandale de corruption majeur]]></title><description><![CDATA[Bruits de Palais #3 (d&#233;cembre 2025)]]></description><link>https://durianstories.substack.com/p/lensemble-du-systeme-politique-philippin</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://durianstories.substack.com/p/lensemble-du-systeme-politique-philippin</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Juliette Loesch]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 05 Dec 2025 17:03:02 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lQ3v!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b9ebc6d-12e2-46ca-8ac2-0c0acd0f049b_256x256.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Ch&#232;res lectrices, chers lecteurs, </p><p>Alors que les Philippines sont &#224; nouveau endeuill&#233;es par le passage des typhons Tino (nom international : Kalmaegi) et Uwan (nom international : Fung-wong), l&#8217;ampleur du scandale relatif &#224; la d&#233;faillance des syst&#232;mes de contr&#244;le des inondations expose la mani&#232;re dont la corruption entretient la vuln&#233;rabilit&#233; du pays face aux &#233;v&#233;nements climatiques extr&#234;mes. </p><p>La r&#233;v&#233;lation, en ao&#251;t dernier, du d&#233;tournement massif des fonds d&#233;di&#233;s &#224; ces projets  secoue en profondeur le paysage politique philippin. La gravit&#233; des accusations, leurs potentielles cons&#233;quences sociales et institutionnelles et, surtout, la mobilisation exceptionnelle de la soci&#233;t&#233; civile t&#233;moignent de l&#8217;ampleur du scandale, susceptible de constituer un pivot du mandat de Marcos.</p><p>Bonne lecture, </p><p>Juliette</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonnez-vous maintenant&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Abonnez-vous maintenant</span></a></p><p>Apr&#232;s que le nord des Philippines s&#8217;est retrouv&#233; sous l&#8217;eau &#224; la suite du passage de trois typhons en juillet, le pr&#233;sident a longuement insist&#233;, durant son adresse annuelle &#224; la nation, sur les d&#233;faillances des projets de contr&#244;le des inondations pilot&#233;s par le <em>Department of Public Works and Highways</em> (DPWH). L&#8217;ampleur des d&#233;g&#226;ts a en effet fini par attirer l&#8217;attention sur le caract&#232;re syst&#233;matique des dysfonctionnements, jusqu&#8217;alors masqu&#233; par le manque de recoupement entre les exp&#233;riences v&#233;cues localement. Marcos a promis un audit substantiel de ces projets, reconnaissant qu&#8217;ils &#233;taient min&#233;s par la corruption, et assur&#233; que les responsables seraient poursuivis. Or, l&#8217;engagement pr&#233;sidentiel s&#8217;est rapidement mu&#233; en un scandale majeur, &#233;claboussant l&#8217;ensemble des institutions et le pla&#231;ant d&#233;sormais lui-m&#234;me ainsi que ses proches alli&#233;s au centre des accusations.</p><p>Une premi&#232;re enqu&#234;te a &#233;t&#233; initi&#233;e par le S&#233;nat, via son puissant comit&#233; du Ruban bleu, comp&#233;tent pour les affaires de gouvernance. Mais les soup&#231;ons pesant sur certain&#183;es s&#233;nateur&#183;ices li&#233;&#183;es aux entreprises compromises ont rapidement d&#233;clench&#233; une double crise de leadership. En septembre, le pr&#233;sident du S&#233;nat, <a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/escudero-ousted-senate-president-september-8-2025/">Chiz Escudero</a>, a &#233;t&#233; remplac&#233; par <a href="https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/in-depth/how-tito-sotto-seized-senate-presidency-from-chiz-escudero">Tito Sotto</a> apr&#232;s <a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/department-justice-criminal-proceedings-official-dpwh-corruption/">avoir &#233;t&#233; inculp&#233;</a> par le D&#233;partement de la Justice. Le pr&#233;sident du comit&#233; du Ruban bleu, Ping Lacson, a quant &#224; lui d&#233;missionn&#233; d&#233;but octobre, &#233;voquant sa &#171; d&#233;ception &#187; face &#224; la gestion de l&#8217;enqu&#234;te. Il a finalement <a href="https://www.abs-cbn.com/news/nation/2025/11/14/lacson-led-blue-ribbon-resumes-flood-control-probe-after-month-long-pause-0945">accept&#233; de reprendre ses fonctions</a> mi-novembre, permettant la poursuite des auditions.</p><p>&#192; la Chambre basse, le Speaker Martin Romualdez, cousin et proche alli&#233; du pr&#233;sident Marcos, a &#233;galement <a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/video-bojie-dy-first-speech-house-speaker/">quitt&#233; ses fonctions en septembre</a>, bien qu&#8217;il n&#8217;ait pas (encore) &#233;t&#233; formellement mis en cause. Romualdez a c&#233;d&#233; son poste &#224; son adjoint, Faustino Dy III, qui a <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/marcos-cousin-replaced-as-house-speaker-as-graft-scandal-furor-builds">promis transparence et impartialit&#233;</a>, affirmant que les proches du pouvoir ne seraient pas &#233;pargn&#233;s.</p><p>Du c&#244;t&#233; du gouvernement, Marcos a remplac&#233; son secr&#233;taire ex&#233;cutif et son ministre du Budget, tous deux suppos&#233;ment impliqu&#233;s dans des projets douteux. Plus r&#233;cemment, le sous-secr&#233;taire &#224; la Justice Jose &#171; Jojo &#187; Cadiz Jr. a <a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/doj-undersecretary-jose-cadiz-jr-resigns/">pr&#233;sent&#233; sa d&#233;mission</a> apr&#232;s qu&#8217;une enqu&#234;te journalistique a r&#233;v&#233;l&#233; ses liens &#233;troits avec une entreprise de construction ayant remport&#233; plus de 200 millions de pesos de contrats &#224; Ilocos Norte en deux ans.</p><p>L&#8217;enqu&#234;te administrative, port&#233;e par la Commission ind&#233;pendante sur les infrastructures (ICI), une instance <em>ad hoc</em> charg&#233;e d&#8217;auditer les projets d&#8217;infrastructure men&#233;s depuis 2015, a pour l&#8217;instant abouti &#224; des d&#233;p&#244;ts de plainte pour <a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/zaldy-co-sandiganbayan-graft-malversation-case/">corruption et malversation</a> contre 17 personnes, dont Zaldy Co, ancien d&#233;put&#233;, alli&#233; de Marcos et pr&#233;sident de la commission des cr&#233;dits de la Chambre, ainsi que des fonctionnaires du DPWH et des entrepreneurs. La cour anti-corruption Sandiganbayan a &#233;mis des mandats d&#8217;arr&#234;t pour l&#8217;ensemble des personnes concern&#233;es, ainsi qu&#8217;un ordre de non-d&#233;part visant l&#8217;ancien l&#233;gislateur, qui a fui &#224; l&#8217;&#233;tranger au d&#233;but du scandale. L&#8217;ICI a en outre <a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/ici-recommendation-charges-bong-revilla-maynard-ngu/">recommand&#233; des poursuites</a> contre l&#8217;ancien s&#233;nateur Bong Revilla, <a href="https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/in-depth/maynard-ngu-businesses-chiz-escudero/">Maynard Ngu</a>, pr&#233;sent&#233; comme interm&#233;diaire du s&#233;nateur Chiz Escudero, et huit autres personnes, dont une collaboratrice de l&#8217;ancienne s&#233;natrice Nancy Binay, ainsi que des administrateurs et ing&#233;nieurs du DPWH.</p><p>La soci&#233;t&#233; civile s&#8217;est &#233;galement mobilis&#233;e en masse. Une premi&#232;re manifestation a rassembl&#233; plus de <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/09/massive-protests-condemn-corruption-in-the-philippines/">100 000 personnes &#224; Manilles le 21 septembre</a>, date symbolique de l&#8217;anniversaire de la proclamation de la loi martiale par Marcos Sr. en 1972. <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/over-300-000-protest-in-philippines-we-hope-marcos-listens-to-our-anger">De nouvelles manifestations</a> ont &#233;t&#233; organis&#233;es en novembre dans la capitale. Si ces rassemblements traduisent une exasp&#233;ration quasi unanime - <a href="https://manilastandard.net/news/314668221/pinoys-believe-corruption-at-its-highestsws.html">84 % des Philippins estiment leurs dirigeants corrompus</a> - ils laissent aussi entrevoir une possible instrumentalisation par les &#233;lites politiques, pr&#234;tes &#224; canaliser cette col&#232;re &#224; leur avantage.</p><p>Parmi les manifestant&#183;es, 650 000 personnes ont ainsi r&#233;pondu &#224; l&#8217;appel du puissant mouvement religieux <em>Iglesia Ni Cristo</em> (INC), connu pour sa capacit&#233; de mobilisation sur des enjeux politiques. En 2022, l&#8217;INC avait soutenu le tandem Marcos-Duterte, avant de montrer des signes de rapprochement avec les Duterte courant 2025, dans le contexte de l&#8217;impeachment de la vice-pr&#233;sidente Sara Duterte et de la proc&#233;dure d&#8217;extradition de son p&#232;re &#224; La Haye.</p><p>Si Sara Duterte n&#8217;a pas rejoint la manifestation, il semblerait que ses int&#233;r&#234;ts y ait &#233;t&#233; fid&#232;lement repr&#233;sent&#233;s. Nulle autre qu&#8217;Imee Marcos, s&#339;ur a&#238;n&#233;e du pr&#233;sident alli&#233;e aux Duterte depuis les &#233;lections s&#233;natoriales de mai 2025, a, devant l&#8217;ensemble des personnes pr&#233;sentes, clairement <a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/imee-accuses-president-bongbong-liza-marcos-family-drug-addicts/">imput&#233; les d&#233;faillances du syst&#232;me de contr&#244;le des inondations &#224; la &#171; toxicomanie &#187; de son fr&#232;re et son &#233;pouse</a>, Louise (Liza) Araneta-Marcos.</p><p>Plus qu&#8217;attiser la rivalit&#233; entre les deux clans rivaux, le scandale semble en fait agr&#233;ger l&#8217;ensemble des oppositions politiques dans une volont&#233; commune : faire tomber le pr&#233;sident. Zaldy Co, principal accus&#233;, publie ainsi r&#233;guli&#232;rement des vid&#233;os mettant en cause l&#8217;int&#233;grit&#233; de la famille pr&#233;sidentielle<a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/zaldy-co-ferdinand-marcos-jr-martin-romualdez-billions-kickback-money/">, dont Marcos, son fils Sandro et son cousin Martin Romualdez, accus&#233;s d&#8217;insertions illicites dans le budget</a>. Il accuse &#233;galement la premi&#232;re dame Liza Marcos et son fr&#232;re Martin Araneta d&#8217;&#234;tre impliqu&#233;s dans des manipulations frauduleuses dans le domaine agricole.</p><p>Ces d&#233;clarations pourraient passer pour les tentatives d&#233;sesp&#233;r&#233;es d&#8217;un homme en fuite et d&#233;pourvu de cr&#233;dibilit&#233;. Elles contraignent toutefois l&#8217;ICI &#224; enqu&#234;ter sur la famille Marcos : Sandro Marcos a <a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/video-sandro-marcos-closed-door-hearing-ici/">ainsi comparu &#224; huis clos devant l&#8217;ICI</a> le 4 d&#233;cembre pour se d&#233;fendre.</p><p>Ces accusations jettent enfin une ombre sur la sinc&#233;rit&#233; des efforts anticorruption du pr&#233;sident, un doute renforc&#233; par les d&#233;clarations d&#8217;un membre d&#233;missionnaire de l&#8217;ICI, qui regrettait d&#233;but d&#233;cembre que la commission ne dispose pas des moyens n&#233;cessaires pour mener &#224; bien sa mission, <a href="https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/inside-track/babes-singson-independent-commission-infrastructure-powerless/">soulignant notamment la faiblesse de son budget</a>.</p><div class="pullquote"><p>Merci d&#8217;avoir pris le temps de lire cet article. Si vous appr&#233;ciez mon travail, faites-le moi savoir en cliquant sur le &#9829; ou en partageant ce post.</p><p>Vous d&#233;veloppez vos activit&#233;s en Asie du Sud-Est et cherchez &#224; mieux comprendre cette r&#233;gion complexe ? Vous avez besoin d&#8217;un &#233;clairage particulier sur une probl&#233;matique r&#233;gionale ou d&#8217;un accompagnement expert pour mettre en place une veille strat&#233;gique ? <a href="mailto:juliette.loesch@inalco.fr">Contactez-moi</a>.</p></div><h1>English version</h1><p>Dear readers,</p><p>As the Philippines mourn once again in the wake of Typhoons Tino (international name: Kalmaegi) and Uwan (Fung-wong), the scale of the scandal surrounding the collapse of the country&#8217;s flood-control systems demonstrates how deeply corruption continues to shape the country&#8217;s vulnerability to extreme climate events.</p><p>The revelation last August of the large-scale diversion of funds allocated to these projects has shaken the Philippine political landscape to its core. The seriousness of the allegations, their potential social and institutional consequences, and&#8212;above all&#8212;the exceptional mobilisation of civil society underscore the magnitude of a scandal that may well prove pivotal for the Marcos presidency.</p><p>Warm regards,<br>Juliette</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonnez-vous maintenant&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Abonnez-vous maintenant</span></a></p><p>After northern Philippines was left underwater following three typhoons in July, the president devoted a large portion of his State of the Nation Address to the failures affecting flood-control projects overseen by the <em>Department of Public Works and Highways</em> (DPWH). The scale of the destruction finally drew attention to systemic dysfunctions that had long remained obscured by the fragmented nature of local experiences. Marcos pledged a substantial audit of these projects, acknowledged that they had been riddled with corruption, and promised that those responsible would be prosecuted. Yet this presidential commitment quickly morphed into a major political crisis&#8212;one that has engulfed the country&#8217;s institutions and now places Marcos himself and several close allies at the centre of the accusations.</p><p>The Senate initiated the first inquiry through its powerful Blue Ribbon Committee, which handles governance matters. But suspicions targeting several senators linked to the implicated companies soon triggered a two-tier leadership crisis. In September, Senate President <strong><a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/escudero-ousted-senate-president-september-8-2025/">Chiz Escudero</a></strong> was replaced by <strong><a href="https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/in-depth/how-tito-sotto-seized-senate-presidency-from-chiz-escudero">Tito Sotto</a></strong> after <strong><a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/department-justice-criminal-proceedings-official-dpwh-corruption/">being indicted</a></strong> by the Department of Justice. Blue Ribbon Committee chair Ping Lacson resigned in early October, citing his &#8220;disappointment&#8221; with the management of the inquiry. He eventually <strong><a href="https://www.abs-cbn.com/news/nation/2025/11/14/lacson-led-blue-ribbon-resumes-flood-control-probe-after-month-long-pause-0945">agreed to return to his post</a></strong> in mid-November, allowing hearings to resume.</p><p>In the House of Representatives, Speaker Martin Romualdez&#8212;Marcos&#8217;s cousin and close ally&#8212;also <strong><a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/video-bojie-dy-first-speech-house-speaker/">stepped down in September</a></strong>, though he has not (yet) been formally implicated. He was replaced by his deputy, Faustino Dy III, who <strong><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/marcos-cousin-replaced-as-house-speaker-as-graft-scandal-furor-builds">pledged transparency and impartiality</a></strong> and insisted that those close to the administration would not be spared.</p><p>Within the executive branch, Marcos replaced both his executive secretary and his budget secretary, who were allegedly involved in questionable projects. More recently, Justice Undersecretary Jose &#8220;Jojo&#8221; Cadiz Jr. <strong><a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/doj-undersecretary-jose-cadiz-jr-resigns/">submitted his resignation</a></strong> after an investigative report revealed close ties to a construction firm that had secured more than 200 million pesos in contracts in Ilocos Norte over two years.</p><p>The administrative inquiry led by the Independent Commission on Infrastructure (ICI)&#8212;an <em>ad hoc</em> body tasked with auditing infrastructure projects undertaken since 2015&#8212;has so far resulted in <strong><a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/zaldy-co-sandiganbayan-graft-malversation-case/">corruption and malversation charges</a></strong>filed against 17 people, including former legislator Zaldy Co, a Marcos ally and former chair of the House appropriations committee, as well as DPWH officials and contractors. The anti-graft court Sandiganbayan issued arrest warrants for all those implicated, along with a hold-departure order targeting Co, who fled abroad at the beginning of the scandal. The ICI has also <strong><a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/ici-recommendation-charges-bong-revilla-maynard-ngu/">recommended charges</a></strong> against former senator Bong Revilla, <strong><a href="https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/in-depth/maynard-ngu-businesses-chiz-escudero/">Maynard Ngu</a></strong>&#8212;described as an intermediary for Senator Chiz Escudero&#8212;and eight others, including an aide to former senator Nancy Binay, as well as DPWH administrators and engineers.</p><p>Civil society has also mobilised on a massive scale. An initial protest brought together more than <strong><a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/09/massive-protests-condemn-corruption-in-the-philippines/">100,000 people in Manila on 21 September</a></strong>&#8212;a symbolic date marking the anniversary of Marcos Sr.&#8217;s 1972 declaration of martial law. <strong><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/over-300-000-protest-in-philippines-we-hope-marcos-listens-to-our-anger">Further demonstrations</a></strong> were held in November in the capital. While these rallies reflect near-unanimous frustration&#8212;<strong><a href="https://manilastandard.net/news/314668221/pinoys-believe-corruption-at-its-highestsws.html">84% of Filipinos believe their leaders are corrupt</a></strong>&#8212;they also reveal signs of possible instrumentalisation by political elites seeking to channel public anger to their advantage.</p><p>Among the demonstrators, some 650,000 people responded to the call of <em>Iglesia Ni Cristo</em> (INC), a powerful religious movement known for its ability to mobilise around political issues. In 2022, INC backed the Marcos&#8211;Duterte ticket, but by 2025 it had begun showing signs of alignment with the Duterte camp amid the impeachment of Vice-President Sara Duterte and extradition proceedings against her father at The Hague.</p><p>Although Sara Duterte did not join the protest, her interests appear to have been forcefully represented. Imee Marcos&#8212; the president&#8217;s elder sister, who has allied herself with the Duterte camp since the May 2025 senatorial elections&#8212;stood before the crowd and attributed the collapse of the country&#8217;s flood-control system to the &#8220;drug addiction&#8221; of her brother and his wife, Louise (Liza) Araneta-Marcos.</p><p>Rather than simply heightening tensions between two rival political clans, the scandal now appears to be uniting a broad range of political opponents around a shared goal: removing the president. Zaldy Co, the central figure in the case, has been releasing videos attacking the integrity of the First Family&#8212;<strong><a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/zaldy-co-ferdinand-marcos-jr-martin-romualdez-billions-kickback-money/">including Marcos, his son Sandro, and his cousin Martin Romualdez, whom he accuses of illicit budget insertions</a></strong>. He also claims that First Lady Liza Marcos and her brother Martin Araneta were involved in fraudulent schemes in the agricultural sector.</p><p>These allegations could easily be dismissed as the desperate claims of a fugitive lacking credibility. Yet they have compelled the ICI to investigate the Marcos family as well: Sandro Marcos <strong><a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/video-sandro-marcos-closed-door-hearing-ici/">appeared before the commission behind closed doors</a></strong> on 4 December to defend himself.</p><p>Ultimately, these accusations cast doubt on the sincerity of the president&#8217;s anticorruption efforts&#8212;a concern reinforced by the resignation of an ICI member who lamented in early December that the commission lacked the resources necessary to carry out its mandate, <strong><a href="https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/inside-track/babes-singson-independent-commission-infrastructure-powerless/">highlighting in particular its limited budget</a></strong>.</p><div class="pullquote"><p><em>Thank you for taking the time to read this piece. If you enjoyed it, let me know by clicking the &#9829; or sharing this post.</em></p><p><em>Are you expanding your activities in Southeast Asia and looking to better understand this complex region? Do you need tailored insights on a regional issue or expert support to set up strategic monitoring? Feel free to</em> <em><a href="mailto:juliette.loesch@inalco.fr">get in touch</a>.</em></p></div><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Inondations meurtrières, violation du cessez-le-feu entre la Thaïlande et le Cambodge...]]></title><description><![CDATA[Fresh Mango Juice #22 (novembre 2025)]]></description><link>https://durianstories.substack.com/p/inondations-meurtrieres-violation</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://durianstories.substack.com/p/inondations-meurtrieres-violation</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Juliette Loesch]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 28 Nov 2025 07:02:12 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/ed25039a-efd1-4ff6-a860-501e724f5de4_256x256.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IOFc!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F33f626dc-8c1e-47b4-ae81-c4d3d67f7a1d_1584x396.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IOFc!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F33f626dc-8c1e-47b4-ae81-c4d3d67f7a1d_1584x396.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IOFc!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F33f626dc-8c1e-47b4-ae81-c4d3d67f7a1d_1584x396.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IOFc!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F33f626dc-8c1e-47b4-ae81-c4d3d67f7a1d_1584x396.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IOFc!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F33f626dc-8c1e-47b4-ae81-c4d3d67f7a1d_1584x396.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IOFc!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F33f626dc-8c1e-47b4-ae81-c4d3d67f7a1d_1584x396.heic" width="1456" height="364" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/33f626dc-8c1e-47b4-ae81-c4d3d67f7a1d_1584x396.heic&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:364,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:18297,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/heic&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/i/180135778?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F33f626dc-8c1e-47b4-ae81-c4d3d67f7a1d_1584x396.heic&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IOFc!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F33f626dc-8c1e-47b4-ae81-c4d3d67f7a1d_1584x396.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IOFc!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F33f626dc-8c1e-47b4-ae81-c4d3d67f7a1d_1584x396.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IOFc!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F33f626dc-8c1e-47b4-ae81-c4d3d67f7a1d_1584x396.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IOFc!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F33f626dc-8c1e-47b4-ae81-c4d3d67f7a1d_1584x396.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Vous &#234;tes sur <em><strong>Fresh Mango Juice</strong></em>, la revue de presse (aussi) mensuelle (que possible) de <em><strong><a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/">Durian Stories</a></strong></em>, une newsletter d&#8217;actualit&#233;s politiques et internationales sur l&#8217;Asie du Sud-Est. <strong>English version below</strong>.</p><p>(1541 mots, environ 10 min de lecture)</p><p>&#8212;</p><p>Ch&#232;res lectrices, chers lecteurs,</p><p>Le mois de novembre a &#233;t&#233; exceptionnellement dense en &#233;v&#233;nements : certains &#233;vidents, comme les inondations qui ont endeuill&#233; la r&#233;gion, la reprise des conflits entre la Tha&#239;lande et le Cambodge, ou encore les mobilisations massives aux Philippines ; d&#8217;autres plus subtils, que vous pourrez retrouver dans la partie &#171; En bref &#187;.</p><p>Tous pourraient faire l&#8217;objet d&#8217;une analyse individuelle, mais cela d&#233;passerait de loin le modeste cadre de cette revue de presse. Il m&#8217;a donc fallu op&#233;rer quelques choix &#233;ditoriaux, que je vous propose de compenser par un sommaire des analyses &#224; venir :</p><ul><li><p>une mise &#224; jour sur le scandale aux Philippines, &#224; para&#238;tre <em><strong>le 5 d&#233;cembre</strong></em> ;</p></li><li><p>une analyse des derni&#232;res actualit&#233;s politiques indon&#233;siennes (trop nombreuses pour &#234;tre trait&#233;es dans cette lettre !), &#224; para&#238;tre <em><strong>le 12 d&#233;cembre</strong></em>.</p></li></ul><p>Pensez &#224; vous abonner pour &#234;tre sur&#183;es de les recevoir.</p><p>Pour celles et ceux qui utilisent ce r&#233;seau, n&#8217;h&#233;sitez pas &#224; me suivre &#233;galement sur <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/juliette-loesch/">LinkedIn</a>. J&#8217;y publie chaque semaine un &#171; Focus Asie &#187; : un format court pour &#233;clairer une actualit&#233; internationale en Asie du Sud-Est. Le <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/posts/juliette-loesch_%F0%9D%97%99%F0%9D%97%BC%F0%9D%97%B0%F0%9D%98%82%F0%9D%98%80-%F0%9D%97%94%F0%9D%98%80%F0%9D%97%B6%F0%9D%97%B2-%F0%9D%9F%AD-la-visite-historique-activity-7396457219552202752-mgCd?utm_source=share&amp;utm_medium=member_desktop&amp;rcm=ACoAACfWNPYB5zfd0CKpqa83pE3jZB5xrTCdLnk">premier focus</a> &#233;tait d&#233;di&#233; &#224; la visite du roi tha&#239;landais Maha Vajiralongkorn en Chine (en fran&#231;ais uniquement).</p><p>Bonne lecture !</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonnez-vous maintenant&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Abonnez-vous maintenant</span></a></p><h2><strong>Des inondations meurtri&#232;res r&#233;v&#233;lent des failles majeures dans la gestion publique des risques</strong></h2><p>L&#8217;Asie du Sud-Est est sous l&#8217;eau : des inondations majeures, provoqu&#233;es par des pluies de mousson d&#8217;une intensit&#233; exceptionnelle et plusieurs typhons, ont touch&#233; simultan&#233;ment le Vietnam, la Tha&#239;lande, la Malaisie, l&#8217;Indon&#233;sie et les Philippines. Le bilan cumul&#233; approche d&#233;sormais les cinq cents victimes.</p><p>Au Vietnam, 91 d&#233;c&#232;s ont &#233;t&#233; recens&#233;s au 27 novembre, principalement les r&#233;gions du centre et du sud, en particulier la province de Dak Lak. En Tha&#239;lande, 33 personnes ont perdu la vie (au 26 novembre), apr&#232;s que les provinces m&#233;ridionales, notamment la ville de Hat Yai, ont connu leurs pluies les plus fortes en trois si&#232;cles. En Malaisie, aucune victime n&#8217;est &#224; d&#233;plorer mais plus de 15 000 personnes ont &#233;t&#233; &#233;vacu&#233;es. En Indon&#233;sie, 28 personnes sont mortes apr&#232;s le passage d&#8217;un rare cyclone tropical sur le nord de Sumatra. D&#8217;autres inondations sont attendues dans les prochains jours, en raison de conditions m&#233;t&#233;orologiques extr&#234;mes. Les Philippines, enfin, ont &#233;t&#233; frapp&#233;es coup sur coup par le typhon Tino (nom international : Kalmaegi) et le super-typhon Uwan (nom international : Fung-wong). Leur bilan cumul&#233; s&#8217;&#233;levait &#224; 297 victimes au 11 novembre.</p><p>La s&#233;v&#233;rit&#233; de ces &#233;v&#233;nements, dans des pays pourtant habitu&#233;s &#224; de fortes pr&#233;cipitations pendant la saison des pluies, interroge quant &#224; leur capacit&#233; de r&#233;silience face &#224; l&#8217;intensification des ph&#233;nom&#232;nes extr&#234;mes provoqu&#233;s par le r&#233;chauffement climatique.</p><p>Cette s&#233;rie d&#8217;inondations met plus pr&#233;cis&#233;ment en lumi&#232;re l&#8217;impr&#233;paration, voire les erreurs, des pouvoirs publics, ainsi que les difficult&#233;s rencontr&#233;es dans la gestion post-crise lorsque les infrastructures sont insuffisantes.</p><p>Au Vietnam, des <a href="https://www.ucanews.com/news/vietnams-deadly-floods-expose-flawed-disaster-management/111081">t&#233;moignages d&#8217;experts</a> (retrouv&#233;s malgr&#233; la censure officielle par Erin Cook, l&#8217;autrice de l&#8217;excellente newsletter <a href="https://darimulut.substack.com/p/guo-directly-to-jail">Dari Mulut ke Mulut</a>) montrent que les inondations ont &#233;t&#233; aggrav&#233;es par un d&#233;versement massif de la centrale hydro&#233;lectrique de Song Ba Ha, situ&#233;e &#224; seulement 60 kilom&#232;tres, ainsi que par l&#8217;insuffisance des dispositifs d&#8217;alerte.</p><p>En Indon&#233;sie, les <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/environment/indonesia-races-evacuate-stranded-residents-flood-death-toll-hits-28-2025-11-27/">op&#233;rations de secours sont entrav&#233;es</a> par ce qu&#8217;un responsable a d&#233;crit comme une &#171; coupure totale &#187; des routes et des communications. L&#8217;aide ne peut &#234;tre distribu&#233;e que par voie a&#233;rienne, limitant les interventions aux seules agences disposant d&#8217;h&#233;licopt&#232;res, principalement les forces arm&#233;es.</p><p>En Tha&#239;lande, les autorit&#233;s ont rapidement &#233;t&#233; d&#233;bord&#233;es par l&#8217;ampleur de la crise, m&#234;me apr&#232;s avoir <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/natural-disasters/severe-floods-displace-thousands-in-thailand-and-malaysia">d&#233;ploy&#233; des centaines de bateaux et autres v&#233;hicules</a>. La Marine royale a annonc&#233; <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/general/3144114/thai-navy-sending-rescue-flotilla-to-floodhit-south">mobiliser le porte-avions Chakri Naruebet</a>, accompagn&#233; d&#8217;une flottille de quatorze navires charg&#233;s de fournitures de secours et d&#8217;&#233;quipes m&#233;dicales. Les autorit&#233;s locales font l&#8217;objet de <a href="https://www.coffeeparliament.com/p/floods-overwhelm-the-south-and-the?utm_source=%2Finbox&amp;utm_medium=reader2">critiques nourries</a> pour leur manque d&#8217;anticipation, tandis que le Premier ministre Anutin Charnvirakul, pour qui ces inondations constituent le premier test de son gouvernement, a <a href="https://www.coffeeparliament.com/p/floods-overwhelm-the-south-and-the?utm_source=%2Finbox&amp;utm_medium=reader2">repris les op&#233;rations &#224; son niveau</a> apr&#232;s que la gestion de crise gouvernementale a &#233;t&#233; critiqu&#233;e pour sa chaine de commandement confuse.</p><p>Les Philippines, qui comptent parmi les pays les plus expos&#233;s aux catastrophes li&#233;es au changement climatique, illustrent avec une acuit&#233; particuli&#232;re comment la corruption fragilise la capacit&#233; de l&#8217;&#201;tat &#224; anticiper, g&#233;rer et att&#233;nuer les effets des crises climatiques.</p><p>La r&#233;v&#233;lation en ao&#251;t dernier d&#8217;un scandale de d&#233;tournement massif de fonds initialement d&#233;di&#233;s aux projets de contr&#244;le des inondations continue de secouer le pays. L&#8217;affaire est d&#8217;une telle ampleur qu&#8217;il devient difficile d&#8217;en suivre les ramifications. Pourtant, la gravit&#233; des accusations, leurs potentielles cons&#233;quences politiques, et surtout la mobilisation exceptionnelle de la soci&#233;t&#233; civile montrent qu&#8217;il ne s&#8217;agit pas d&#8217;un scandale parmi d&#8217;autres, mais d&#8217;un moment possiblement structurant pour la vie politique philippine.</p><p>En septembre, les r&#233;v&#233;lations avaient d&#233;j&#224; incit&#233; plus d&#8217;une centaine de milliers de citoyen&#183;nes &#224; se mobiliser &#224; Manille et dans d&#8217;autres grandes villes pour d&#233;noncer la corruption des institutions.</p><p>Ces derniers jours, <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/over-300-000-protest-in-philippines-we-hope-marcos-listens-to-our-anger">les Philippin&#183;es se sont &#224; nouveau rassembl&#233;&#183;es en masse</a> dans la capitale pour une nouvelle s&#233;rie de manifestations. Expression d&#8217;un exasp&#233;ration quasi unanime - <a href="https://manilastandard.net/news/314668221/pinoys-believe-corruption-at-its-highestsws.html">84 % de la population estime que ses dirigeants sont corrompus</a> - ces rassemblements laissent toutefois entrevoir une autre lecture : celle d&#8217;une possible instrumentalisation par certaines &#233;lites politiques, qui pourraient tenter de canaliser ou de rediriger cette col&#232;re populaire &#224; leur avantage.</p><blockquote><p>&#8594; Je reviendrai en d&#233;tail sur cette affaire dans ma prochaine newsletter, &#224; para&#238;tre le <em><strong>5 d&#233;cembre prochain</strong></em>. Pensez &#224; vous abonner pour &#234;tre sur&#183;e de la recevoir.</p></blockquote><blockquote><p>&#8594; En attendant, vous pouvez retouver mon entretien avec <strong>Julie Gacon</strong>, aux c&#244;t&#233;s de David Camroux, sur les motivations derri&#232;re la mobilisation massive de septembre. A &#233;couter sur <a href="https://www.radiofrance.fr/franceculture/podcasts/cultures-monde/philippines-agissons-contre-la-corruption-2742633">le Podcast de l&#8217;&#233;mission Cultures Monde</a>, pour France Culture.</p></blockquote><h2><strong>Une &#171; paix &#187; d&#233;j&#224; caduque entre la Tha&#239;lande et le Cambodge</strong></h2><p>&#192; peine sign&#233;, &#171; l&#8217;accord de Kuala Lumpur &#187; a d&#233;j&#224; <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/international-relations/thailand-cambodia-conflict/thailand-suspends-trump-brokered-peace-deal-with-cambodia">&#233;t&#233; d&#233;nonc&#233; par la Tha&#239;lande</a>. Bangkok accuse Phnom Penh de ne pas avoir respect&#233; ses engagements, lui reprochant notamment d&#8217;avoir continu&#233; &#224; poser des mines antipersonnel le long de la fronti&#232;re disput&#233;e, ainsi que l&#8217;illustre - selon la version de l&#8217;arm&#233;e tha&#239;landaise - un incident d&#233;but novembre, au cours duquel un soldat tha&#239;landais a &#233;t&#233; gri&#232;vement mutil&#233;.</p><p>Des <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/international-relations/thailand-cambodia-conflict/thai-cambodia-border-tensions-escalate-with-at-least-one-killed">&#233;changes de tirs</a> ont suivi l&#8217;annonce tha&#239;landaise, faisant un mort c&#244;t&#233; cambodgien et portant &#224; 49 le nombre de victimes depuis mai.</p><p>Alors que le Cambodge nie toute installation de nouvelles mines et appelle au maintien du cessez-le-feu, le minist&#232;re malaisien des Affaires &#233;trang&#232;res a reconnu que l&#8217;&#233;quipe d&#8217;observateurs mandat&#233;e par l&#8217;ASEAN avait <a href="https://cambojanews.com/malaysia-says-landmines-newly-laid-as-cambodia-thailand-truce-wobbles/">identifi&#233; des mines fra&#238;chement pos&#233;es</a>.</p><p>Cette constatation jette le doute sur la sinc&#233;rit&#233; des d&#233;clarations cambodgiennes&#8230; sans toutefois exon&#233;rer la Tha&#239;lande. Car le conflit se joue aussi sur le terrain informationnel : chaque camp cherche &#224; imposer sa version des faits en imputant la responsabilit&#233; &#224; l&#8217;autre.</p><p>Qu&#8217;en est-il, d&#232;s lors, de la &#171; paix &#187; de Trump ? Une fois le c&#233;r&#233;monial pass&#233;, le pr&#233;sident am&#233;ricain ne semble gu&#232;re s&#8217;&#233;mouvoir de l&#8217;effondrement pr&#233;matur&#233; de l&#8217;accord. Si le Premier ministre cambodgien assure, apr&#232;s un &#233;change t&#233;l&#233;phonique avec Donald Trump, qu&#8217;il &#171; <a href="https://cambojanews.com/hun-manet-speaks-to-donald-trump-via-phone-after-thai-troops-open-fire-on-cambodians/">continuera de suivre la question de tr&#232;s pr&#232;s</a> &#187;, son homologue tha&#239;landais a quant &#224; lui obtenu la garantie que les &#201;tats-Unis ne lieront pas la suspension par la Tha&#239;lande de l&#8217;accord de paix de Kuala Lumpur <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/general/3138515/no-penalty-for-accord-move-pm">aux n&#233;gociations commerciales en cours</a>.</p><h2><strong>En bref</strong></h2><p><a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/11/28/gibrans-g20-debut-tests-diplomacy-signals-growing-role.html">22/11</a> - Alors que l&#8217;Indon&#233;sie a h&#233;berg&#233; le G20 en 2022, le pays n&#8217;y a cette ann&#233;e &#233;t&#233; repr&#233;sent&#233; que par son vice-pr&#233;sident, Gibran Rakabuming Raka.</p><p><a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/11/ex-philippine-mayor-sentenced-to-life-in-prison-for-involvement-in-cyberscams/">21/11</a> - Un tribunal philippin a condamn&#233; l&#8217;ancienne maire et fugitive Alice Guo &#224; la prison &#224; perp&#233;tuit&#233; pour avoir supervis&#233; un centre de cyberescroquerie exploitant des travailleurs sous la menace de mauvais traitements.</p><p><a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/11/myanmar-junta-announces-raids-on-second-major-online-scamming-hub/">21/11</a> - La junte birmane affirme avoir men&#233; un second raid contre un hub de cyberescroquerie &#224; la fronti&#232;re tha&#239;landaise. Plus de 600 &#233;trangers ont &#233;t&#233; arr&#234;t&#233;s et un vaste mat&#233;riel utilis&#233; pour les arnaques en ligne a &#233;t&#233; saisi.</p><p><a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/11/thai-attorney-general-to-appeal-thaksin-lese-majeste-acquittal/">18/11</a> - Le procureur g&#233;n&#233;ral tha&#239;landais entend contester l&#8217;acquittement de l&#8217;ancien premier ministre Thaksin Shinawatra dans une affaire de l&#232;se-majest&#233;.</p><p><a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/china/chinas-xi-holds-milestone-meeting-with-thai-king-beijing-2025-11-14/">17/11</a> - Le roi tha&#239;landais Maha Vajiralongkorn et la reine Suthida ont effectu&#233; une visite d&#8217;&#201;tat en Chine du 13 au 17 novembre.</p><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/international-relations/indo-pacific/australia-and-indonesia-conclude-negotiations-on-new-security-treaty">12/11</a> - L&#8217;Australie et l&#8217;Indon&#233;sie ont annonc&#233; la conclusion d&#8217;un nouveau trait&#233; de s&#233;curit&#233;, pr&#233;sent&#233; comme l&#8217;ouverture d&#8217;une &#171; nouvelle &#232;re &#187; dans leurs relations. L&#8217;accord pr&#233;voit des consultations r&#233;guli&#232;res et une coop&#233;ration renforc&#233;e face aux menaces communes, en continuit&#233; avec le trait&#233; de Lombok de 2006.</p><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/spotlight/society/indonesian-mosque-blasts-injure-dozens-student-suspected">07/11</a> - Des explosions lors de la pri&#232;re du vendredi dans une mosqu&#233;e de Jakarta ont bless&#233; des dizaines de fid&#232;les. Le suspect, un &#233;tudiant de 17 ans, aurait agi seul, motiv&#233; par un sentiment de &#171; vengeance et de solitude &#187;. Cet attentat , inspir&#233; par les tueries de Christchurch et d&#8217;Oslo, interroge profond&#233;ment sur la capacit&#233; de p&#233;n&#233;tration des id&#233;es d&#8217;extr&#234;me droite d&#8217;inspiration n&#233;o-nazi dans un pays non-occidental.</p><p><a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/11/us-vietnam-discuss-deeper-defense-cooperation-possible-arms-sales/">03/11</a> - Le ministre de la d&#233;fense am&#233;ricain Pete Hegseth a rencontr&#233; les plus hauts responsables politiques et militaires vietnamiens lors d&#8217;une visite officielle. Les &#201;tats-Unis et le Vietnam ont exprim&#233; &#224; cette occasion leur volont&#233; d&#8217;approfondir leur coop&#233;ration en mati&#232;re de d&#233;fense, y compris via de possibles ventes d&#8217;armes.</p><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/international-relations/south-china-sea/canada-and-philippines-sign-a-defense-pact-to-deter-china-s-aggression">02/11</a> - Le Canada et les Philippines ont sign&#233; un accord de d&#233;fense destin&#233; &#224; renforcer les exercices militaires conjoints et &#224; &#233;largir leurs partenariats de s&#233;curit&#233;.</p><div class="pullquote"><p>Merci d&#8217;avoir pris le temps de lire cet article. Si vous appr&#233;ciez mon travail, faites-le moi savoir en cliquant sur le &#9829; ou en partageant ce post.</p><p>Vous d&#233;veloppez vos activit&#233;s en Asie du Sud-Est et cherchez &#224; mieux comprendre cette r&#233;gion complexe ? Vous avez besoin d&#8217;un &#233;clairage particulier sur une probl&#233;matique r&#233;gionale ou d&#8217;un accompagnement expert pour mettre en place une veille strat&#233;gique ? <a href="mailto:juliette.loesch@inalco.fr">Contactez-moi</a>.</p></div><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/p/inondations-meurtrieres-violation?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Partager&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/inondations-meurtrieres-violation?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Partager</span></a></p><h1>English version</h1><p>You&#8217;re reading <em><strong>Fresh Mango Juice</strong></em> &#8212; the (as) monthly (as possible) news roundup from <em><strong><a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/">Durian Stories</a></strong></em>, a newsletter on political and international affairs in Southeast Asia. <em><strong>Version fran&#231;aise ci-dessus.</strong></em></p><p>(1144 words, about 7 min read)</p><p>&#8212;</p><p>Dear readers,</p><p>November has been unusually dense in developments across Southeast Asia. Some were highly visible &#8212; the devastating floods, renewed border tensions between Thailand and Cambodia, or the massive demonstrations in the Philippines. Others were more discreet, and you&#8217;ll find them in the &#8220;In Brief&#8221; section.</p><p>Each of these stories could merit a full-length analysis, far beyond the scope of this newsletter. I have therefore made a few editorial choices, which I hope to balance with a preview of what is coming next:</p><ul><li><p>an update on the Philippine corruption scandal, out on 5 December</p></li><li><p>a broader overview of Indonesia&#8217;s latest political developments (too many to cover here), out on 12 December</p></li></ul><p>If you&#8217;d like to receive them, consider subscribing.</p><p>For those on <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/juliette-loesch/">LinkedIn</a>, you can also follow my weekly &#8220;Focus Asia&#8221; &#8212; short, sharp insights into one current issue in Southeast Asia. The first edition looks at the <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/posts/juliette-loesch_%F0%9D%97%99%F0%9D%97%BC%F0%9D%97%B0%F0%9D%98%82%F0%9D%98%80-%F0%9D%97%94%F0%9D%98%80%F0%9D%97%B6%F0%9D%97%B2-%F0%9D%9F%AD-la-visite-historique-activity-7396457219552202752-mgCd?utm_source=share&amp;utm_medium=member_desktop&amp;rcm=ACoAACfWNPYB5zfd0CKpqa83pE3jZB5xrTCdLnk">Thai king&#8217;s recent state visit to China</a> (French only).</p><p>I hope you enjoy this edition.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonnez-vous maintenant&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Abonnez-vous maintenant</span></a></p><h2><strong>Deadly floods expose structural weaknesses in public risk management</strong></h2><p>Southeast Asia has been hit by a wave of destructive floods, triggered by unusually intense monsoon rains and a succession of typhoons. Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines have all been affected, with a combined death toll now approaching five hundred.</p><p>In Vietnam, 91 deaths had been reported by 27 November, mainly in the central and southern regions. In Thailand, the southern provinces &#8212; including Hat Yai &#8212; experienced their heaviest rainfall in three centuries, leaving 33 people dead. Malaysia evacuated more than 15,000 residents. Indonesia reported 28 deaths after a rare tropical cyclone hit northern Sumatra, and more severe weather is expected. In the Philippines, Typhoon Tino and Super Typhoon Uwan struck in quick succession, causing 297 deaths as of mid-November.</p><p>These countries are no strangers to heavy monsoon rains, yet the scale of the destruction raises serious questions about resilience as climate change intensifies extreme weather patterns.</p><p>More fundamentally, the floods have exposed gaps in preparedness, governance failures, and the structural limits of public infrastructure &#8212; all of which shape the trajectory of a crisis long after the waters begin to recede.</p><p>In Vietnam, <a href="https://www.ucanews.com/news/vietnams-deadly-floods-expose-flawed-disaster-management/111081">expert reports</a> obtained despite official censorship show that the scale of the disaster was amplified by a record release from the Song Ba Ha hydropower plant and by inadequate warning systems.</p><p>In Indonesia, <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/environment/indonesia-races-evacuate-stranded-residents-flood-death-toll-hits-28-2025-11-27/">relief efforts were hindered</a> by what officials called a &#8220;total cut-off&#8221; of roads and communications, leaving helicopters &#8212; mainly from the armed forces &#8212; as the only way to reach isolated communities.</p><p>In Thailand, authorities were quickly overwhelmed despite <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/natural-disasters/severe-floods-displace-thousands-in-thailand-and-malaysia">mobilising hundreds of boats</a>. The navy deployed the Chakri Naruebet aircraft carrier and a flotilla of fourteen vessels. Local officials have faced <a href="https://www.coffeeparliament.com/p/floods-overwhelm-the-south-and-the?utm_source=%2Finbox&amp;utm_medium=reader2">sharp criticism</a> for failing to anticipate the scale of the floods, while Prime Minister Anutin Charnvirakul assumed direct control after concerns over a confused command structure.</p><p>The Philippines &#8212; among the most climate-exposed countries in the world &#8212; illustrate, perhaps more than anywhere else, how corruption undermines the state&#8217;s ability to anticipate, manage and mitigate climate-related crises.</p><p>In August, a major corruption scandal involving flood-control funds came to light and has continued to reverberate. The scale of the scheme is now so extensive that it is difficult to track. Yet the seriousness of the allegations, their potential political impact, and the extraordinary mobilisation of civil society suggest that this episode could mark a turning point.</p><p>In September, the revelations brought more than 100,000 people into the streets of Manila and other major cities.</p><p>In recent weeks, <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/over-300-000-protest-in-philippines-we-hope-marcos-listens-to-our-anger">crowds have grown even larger</a>, with several hundred thousand Filipinos protesting once again in the capital. While these demonstrations reflect widespread frustration &#8212; <a href="https://manilastandard.net/news/314668221/pinoys-believe-corruption-at-its-highestsws.html">84% of the population believes its leaders are corrupt</a> &#8212; they also point to a more complex political moment, in which parts of the ruling elite may attempt to redirect or exploit public anger.</p><blockquote><p>I will return to this topic in detail in my next newsletter, out on <em><strong>5 December</strong></em>. Until then, you can listen to my discussion with Julie Gacon, alongside David Camroux, on the motivations behind the September protests, <a href="https://www.radiofrance.fr/franceculture/podcasts/cultures-monde/philippines-agissons-contre-la-corruption-2742633">on France Culture&#8217;s </a><em><a href="https://www.radiofrance.fr/franceculture/podcasts/cultures-monde/philippines-agissons-contre-la-corruption-2742633">Cultures Monde</a></em><a href="https://www.radiofrance.fr/franceculture/podcasts/cultures-monde/philippines-agissons-contre-la-corruption-2742633">.</a></p></blockquote><h2><strong>A &#8220;peace agreement&#8221; already unravelling between Thailand and Cambodia</strong></h2><p>Barely signed, the &#8220;Kuala Lumpur Agreement&#8221; has already been <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/international-relations/thailand-cambodia-conflict/thailand-suspends-trump-brokered-peace-deal-with-cambodia">suspended by Thailand</a>. Bangkok accuses Phnom Penh of violating its commitments, notably by continuing to lay antipersonnel mines along the contested border &#8212; an accusation reinforced, according to the Thai army, by a recent incident in which a Thai soldier was severely injured.</p><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/international-relations/thailand-cambodia-conflict/thai-cambodia-border-tensions-escalate-with-at-least-one-killed">Gunfire was exchanged</a> after Thailand&#8217;s announcement, leaving one Cambodian soldier dead and bringing the toll since May to 49.</p><p>Cambodia denies laying new mines and has called for the ceasefire to be upheld. But Malaysia &#8212; acting as mediator &#8212; confirmed that ASEAN observers had <a href="https://cambojanews.com/malaysia-says-landmines-newly-laid-as-cambodia-thailand-truce-wobbles/">identified newly laid mines</a>.</p><p>These findings cast doubt on official narratives on both sides. Border tensions are also unfolding in the information space, where each government seeks to control the story and assign blame &#8212; a game in which Thailand benefits from a larger and more influential media landscape.</p><p>Where does this leave Trump&#8217;s &#8220;peace&#8221;? Beyond the diplomatic ceremony, the US president appears largely untroubled by the agreement&#8217;s collapse. After a phone call with Donald Trump, the Cambodian prime minister said the US leader would &#8220;<a href="https://cambojanews.com/hun-manet-speaks-to-donald-trump-via-phone-after-thai-troops-open-fire-on-cambodians/">continue to closely monitor the issue</a>&#8221;; meanwhile, the Thai prime minister received assurances that Washington would not link Thailand&#8217;s suspension of the Kuala Lumpur accord <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/general/3138515/no-penalty-for-accord-move-pm">to ongoing trade talks</a>.</p><h2><strong>In Brief</strong></h2><p><a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/11/28/gibrans-g20-debut-tests-diplomacy-signals-growing-role.html">22/11</a> &#8212; Indonesia, which hosted the G20 in 2022, was represented this year only by Vice President Gibran Rakabuming Raka.</p><p><a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/11/ex-philippine-mayor-sentenced-to-life-in-prison-for-involvement-in-cyberscams/">21/11</a> &#8212; A Philippine court sentenced former mayor and fugitive Alice Guo to life imprisonment for overseeing a cyberfraud compound where workers were exploited under threat of violence.</p><p><a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/11/myanmar-junta-announces-raids-on-second-major-online-scamming-hub/">21/11</a> &#8212; Myanmar&#8217;s junta conducted a second major raid on an online scam hub near the Thai border, detaining more than 600 foreign nationals and seizing extensive equipment.</p><p><a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/11/thai-attorney-general-to-appeal-thaksin-lese-majeste-acquittal/">18/11</a> &#8212; Thailand&#8217;s attorney general plans to appeal the l&#232;se-majest&#233; acquittal of former prime minister Thaksin Shinawatra.</p><p><a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/china/chinas-xi-holds-milestone-meeting-with-thai-king-beijing-2025-11-14/">17/11</a> &#8212; King Maha Vajiralongkorn and Queen Suthida carried out a state visit to China from 13 to 17 November.</p><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/international-relations/indo-pacific/australia-and-indonesia-conclude-negotiations-on-new-security-treaty">12/11</a> &#8212; Australia and Indonesia have finalised negotiations on a new security treaty, described as the start of a &#8220;new era&#8221; in bilateral relations.</p><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/spotlight/society/indonesian-mosque-blasts-injure-dozens-student-suspected">07/11</a> &#8212; Explosions during Friday prayers at a Jakarta mosque injured dozens. The suspect &#8212; a 17-year-old student reportedly driven by &#8220;vengeance and loneliness&#8221; &#8212; appears to have acted alone; the attack, inspired by the Christchurch and Oslo massacres, raises concerns about the circulation of neo-Nazi-inspired far-right ideas in Indonesia.</p><p><a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/11/us-vietnam-discuss-deeper-defense-cooperation-possible-arms-sales/">03/11</a> &#8212; During an official visit to Hanoi, US War Secretary Pete Hegseth met senior Vietnamese political and military leaders, with both sides expressing interest in expanding defence cooperation, including possible arms sales.</p><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/international-relations/south-china-sea/canada-and-philippines-sign-a-defense-pact-to-deter-china-s-aggression">02/11</a> &#8212; Canada and the Philippines signed a defence agreement to strengthen joint exercises and deepen security cooperation.</p><div class="pullquote"><p><em>Thank you for taking the time to read this piece. If you enjoyed it, let me know by clicking the &#9829; or sharing this post.</em></p><p><em>Are you expanding your activities in Southeast Asia and looking to better understand this complex region? Do you need tailored insights on a regional issue or expert support to set up strategic monitoring? Feel free to <a href="mailto:juliette.loesch@inalco.fr">get in touch</a>.</em></p></div><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/p/inondations-meurtrieres-violation?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Partager&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/inondations-meurtrieres-violation?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Partager</span></a></p><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Sommet de l'ASEAN, Trump en Asie, scam centers...]]></title><description><![CDATA[Fresh Mango Juice #21 (octobre 2025)]]></description><link>https://durianstories.substack.com/p/sommet-de-lasean-trump-en-asie-scam</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://durianstories.substack.com/p/sommet-de-lasean-trump-en-asie-scam</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Juliette Loesch]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 12 Nov 2025 07:01:06 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/947f05cf-dbb8-4903-a7a4-3ac7ef414ca4_256x256.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hsdi!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08d08f62-9c6c-4fcc-945f-cb8156ede6ce_1584x396.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hsdi!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08d08f62-9c6c-4fcc-945f-cb8156ede6ce_1584x396.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hsdi!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08d08f62-9c6c-4fcc-945f-cb8156ede6ce_1584x396.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hsdi!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08d08f62-9c6c-4fcc-945f-cb8156ede6ce_1584x396.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hsdi!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08d08f62-9c6c-4fcc-945f-cb8156ede6ce_1584x396.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hsdi!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08d08f62-9c6c-4fcc-945f-cb8156ede6ce_1584x396.heic" width="1456" height="364" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/08d08f62-9c6c-4fcc-945f-cb8156ede6ce_1584x396.heic&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:364,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:18297,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Sommet de l'ASEAN, Trump en Asie, scam centers...&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/heic&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/i/178281049?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08d08f62-9c6c-4fcc-945f-cb8156ede6ce_1584x396.heic&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="Sommet de l'ASEAN, Trump en Asie, scam centers..." title="Sommet de l'ASEAN, Trump en Asie, scam centers..." srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hsdi!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08d08f62-9c6c-4fcc-945f-cb8156ede6ce_1584x396.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hsdi!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08d08f62-9c6c-4fcc-945f-cb8156ede6ce_1584x396.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hsdi!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08d08f62-9c6c-4fcc-945f-cb8156ede6ce_1584x396.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hsdi!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08d08f62-9c6c-4fcc-945f-cb8156ede6ce_1584x396.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Vous &#234;tes sur <em><strong>Fresh Mango Juice</strong></em>, la revue de presse (aussi) mensuelle (que possible) de <em><strong><a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/">Durian Stories</a></strong></em>, une newsletter d&#8217;actualit&#233;s politiques et internationales sur l&#8217;Asie du Sud-Est. <em><strong>English version below</strong></em>.</p><p>(1041 mots, environ 6 min de lecture)</p><div><hr></div><p>Ch&#232;res lectrices, chers lecteurs,</p><p>Il y avait longtemps qu&#8217;un sommet de l&#8217;ASEAN n&#8217;avait suscit&#233; autant d&#8217;attention. Pr&#233;texte au premier d&#233;placement de Donald Trump en Asie du Sud-Est depuis 2017, organis&#233; quelques jours avant sa rencontre avec Xi Jinping en Cor&#233;e du Sud, l&#8217;&#233;v&#233;nement a surtout mis en lumi&#232;re le foss&#233; grandissant entre la r&#233;gion et les &#201;tats-Unis. Si certains pays ont profit&#233; de la pr&#233;sence du pr&#233;sident am&#233;ricain pour obtenir des garanties sur le gel des hausses tarifaires, les v&#233;ritables avanc&#233;es du sommet sont venues des discussions sur les accords commerciaux avec l&#8217;Inde et la Chine. Un rappel utile que la guerre commerciale am&#233;ricaine promeut, ironiquement, l&#8217;int&#233;gration &#233;conomique r&#233;gionale.</p><p>Bonne lecture !</p><p>Juliette</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonnez-vous maintenant&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Abonnez-vous maintenant</span></a></p><h2><strong>Le retour de Trump en Asie du Sud-Est</strong></h2><p>La visite attendue de Donald Trump en Malaisie n&#8217;a produit que des effets en de mi-teinte pour les membres de l&#8217;ASEAN, r&#233;unis du 26 au 28 octobre &#224; Kuala Lumpur pour leur sommet annuel.</p><p>Confirm&#233; &#224; la derni&#232;re minute par la maison blanche, le d&#233;placement du pr&#233;sident am&#233;ricain a &#233;t&#233; conditionn&#233; &#224; l&#8217;organisation d&#8217;une c&#233;r&#233;monie de signature d&#8217;un accord de paix entre la Tha&#239;lande et le Cambodge, &#233;videmment plac&#233;e sous le haut patronage de Trump <em>himself</em>.</p><p>Soucieux de ne pas contrarier sa venue, jug&#233;e indispensable &#224; la poursuite des n&#233;gociations commerciales avec Washington, les premiers ministres cambodgien et tha&#239;landais se sont pr&#234;t&#233;s &#224; l&#8217;exercice, malgr&#233; une sinc&#233;rit&#233; toute relative.</p><p>Succ&#232;s diplomatique pour Trump, qui consolide son image de faiseur de paix apr&#232;s l&#8217;accord de Sharm-el-Sheikh, en &#233;vin&#231;ant au passage la Chine de la photo, qui a pourtant jou&#233; un r&#244;le d&#233;cisif dans les n&#233;gociations. Succ&#232;s &#233;galement pour le premier ministre malaisien, Anwar Ibrahim, qui peut se vanter d&#8217;avoir, durant sa pr&#233;sidence, redor&#233; le blason de l&#8217;ASEAN, terni par son incapacit&#233; &#224; g&#233;rer le conflit au Myanmar.</p><p>La d&#233;claration bilat&#233;rale, pompeusement rebaptis&#233;e &#171; Accord de paix de Kuala Lumpur &#187; par le pr&#233;sident am&#233;ricain, sign&#233;e le 26 octobre, suffira-t-elle cependant &#224; poser les bases de la paix ? Rien n&#8217;est moins s&#251;r en l&#8217;absence de mesures concr&#232;tes pour g&#233;rer les tensions sur le terrain, ni perspective de r&#233;ouverture des fronti&#232;res c&#244;t&#233; tha&#239;landais.</p><blockquote><p><em>J&#8217;analyse les coulisses de la n&#233;gociation de l&#8217;accord et les perspectives de paix durable dans cet <a href="https://www.ifri.org/fr/editoriaux/cambodge-thailande-un-accord-de-paix-en-trompe-loeil">&#233;dito de l&#8217;Ifri</a>, en acc&#232;s libre.</em></p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://www.ifri.org/fr/editoriaux/cambodge-thailande-un-accord-de-paix-en-trompe-loeil" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ludj!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F989a778c-03c0-4093-8f5e-5dc1c0309161_1319x507.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ludj!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F989a778c-03c0-4093-8f5e-5dc1c0309161_1319x507.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ludj!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F989a778c-03c0-4093-8f5e-5dc1c0309161_1319x507.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ludj!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F989a778c-03c0-4093-8f5e-5dc1c0309161_1319x507.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ludj!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F989a778c-03c0-4093-8f5e-5dc1c0309161_1319x507.heic" width="1319" height="507" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ludj!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F989a778c-03c0-4093-8f5e-5dc1c0309161_1319x507.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ludj!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F989a778c-03c0-4093-8f5e-5dc1c0309161_1319x507.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ludj!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F989a778c-03c0-4093-8f5e-5dc1c0309161_1319x507.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ludj!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F989a778c-03c0-4093-8f5e-5dc1c0309161_1319x507.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Mais l&#8217;enjeu v&#233;ritable de ce sommet &#233;tait moins l&#8217;apaisement du conflit entre les deux voisins que l&#8217;assouplissement des contraintes douani&#232;res impos&#233;es par les &#201;tats-Unis, un objectif qui n&#8217;a &#233;t&#233; que partiellement atteint durant les six courtes heures de pr&#233;sence du pr&#233;sident am&#233;ricain sur le sol malaisien. La Malaisie et le Cambodge <a href="https://carnegieendowment.org/emissary/2025/10/malaysia-cambodia-trade-deal-trump-tariffs-asean-skeptical?lang=en">ont chacun sign&#233; un accord commercial</a>par lequel les deux pays d&#8217;Asie du Sud-Est s&#8217;engagent &#224; &#233;liminer ou r&#233;duire les tarifs douaniers sur les produits am&#233;ricains, en &#233;change de l&#8217;engagement de Washington &#224; ne pas d&#233;passer un plafond de 19 % de droits de douane. Les accords pr&#233;voient &#233;galement l&#8217;alignement de leurs r&#233;gimes de contr&#244;le des exportations et de sanctions avec ceux des &#201;tats-Unis, un engagement qui pourrait se r&#233;v&#233;ler particuli&#232;rement contraignant &#224; l&#8217;avenir. Le Vietnam et la Tha&#239;lande ont quant &#224; eux obtenu la signature d&#8217;accords-cadres dans des termes similaires, qui devront &#234;tre finalis&#233;s dans les prochaines semaines.</p><p>Faut-il voir pourtant y voir une capitulation de l&#8217;ASEAN, une Asie du sud-est &#171; <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/international/article/2025/10/27/l-asie-du-sud-est-s-incline-devant-donald-trump_6649771_3210.html">qui s&#8217;incline</a> &#187; devant les &#201;tats-Unis ? Ce serait ignorer les avanc&#233;es vers plus d&#8217;int&#233;gration r&#233;gionales, obtenues en dehors du projecteur braqu&#233; sur les discussions avec les &#201;tats-Unis. Le sommet d&#8217;octobre a ainsi &#233;t&#233; l&#8217;occasion d&#8217;annoncer <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/trade/asean-summit-talks-spotlight-economic-integration-amid-trade-worries">le renforcement de l&#8217;accord commercial intra-ASEAN (ATIGA)</a>, mais &#233;galement <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/china-asean-sign-upgraded-free-trade-pact-2025-10-28/">l&#8217;approfondissement de l&#8217;accord de libre &#233;change avec la Chine</a>, ainsi que des progr&#232;s significatifs vers la r&#233;vision de <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/international-relations/malaysia-s-anwar-says-real-progress-made-in-asean-india-trade-deal-review">l&#8217;accord commercial avec l&#8217;Inde.</a></p><blockquote><p><em>Je r&#233;ponds aux questions de Nina Masson sur le plateau de <a href="https://www.france24.com/fr/%C3%A9missions/parlons-en-les-invit%C3%A9s/20251028-trump-en-tourn%C3%A9e-l-asie-du-sud-est-en-rangs-serr%C3%A9s-avec-j-b-monnier-et-j-loesch">Parlons-En (France 24)</a> sur ce que le sommet d&#8217;octobre et le d&#233;placement de Trump signifient vraiment pour l&#8217;ASEAN.</em></p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://www.france24.com/fr/&#233;missions/parlons-en-les-invit&#233;s/20251028-trump-en-tourn&#233;e-l-asie-du-sud-est-en-rangs-serr&#233;s-avec-j-b-monnier-et-j-loesch" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!afE0!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2428050f-c341-4b16-8562-6099143ce42e_706x807.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!afE0!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2428050f-c341-4b16-8562-6099143ce42e_706x807.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!afE0!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2428050f-c341-4b16-8562-6099143ce42e_706x807.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!afE0!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2428050f-c341-4b16-8562-6099143ce42e_706x807.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!afE0!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2428050f-c341-4b16-8562-6099143ce42e_706x807.heic" width="706" height="807" 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class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2><strong>Criminalit&#233; organis&#233;e dans le M&#233;kong</strong></h2><p>L&#8217;essor de la criminalit&#233; transnationale li&#233;e aux <em>scam centers</em> dans la r&#233;gion du M&#233;kong suscite des r&#233;actions de plus en plus fermes de la part d&#8217;acteurs ext&#233;rieurs &#224; l&#8217;Asie du Sud-Est. Les &#201;tats-Unis et le Royaume-Uni ont <a href="https://cambojanews.com/us-uk-sanction-prince-group-citing-global-scam-network/">impos&#233; des sanctions</a> contre le conglom&#233;rat cambodgien Prince Group, accus&#233; d&#8217;organiser des escroqueries en ligne fond&#233;es sur le travail forc&#233;. La Chine exerce &#233;galement une pression croissante sur ses partenaires r&#233;gionaux : P&#233;kin semble ainsi avoir saisi l&#8217;opportunit&#233; des discussions entre la Tha&#239;lande et la Cambodge pour inciter les deux pays &#224; plus de coop&#233;ration en mati&#232;re de lutte contre <em>ces </em>centres criminels<em>.</em></p><p>Le gouvernement tha&#239;landais, d&#233;j&#224; rappel&#233; &#224; l&#8217;ordre par la Chine en f&#233;vrier 2025 pour son inaction, a initi&#233; une v&#233;ritable &#171; <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/general/3132240/thai-pm-declares-war-on-scammers">guerre</a> &#187; contre ces <em>scam centers</em>, dont les effets d&#233;stabilisateurs commencent par ailleurs &#224; se faire sentir sur le plan domestique. Une op&#233;ration militaire au Myanmar voisin, visant &#224; d&#233;manteler un de ces centres, a r&#233;cemment <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/general/3125322/myanmar-scam-centre-raid-sends-hundreds-fleeing-to-thailand">pouss&#233; plus de 700 personnes</a> &#224; traverser la fronti&#232;re tha&#239;landaise. Les efforts redoubl&#233;s du gouvernement d&#8217;Anutin Charnvirakul pourraient &#233;galement viser &#224; restaurer la cr&#233;dibilit&#233; de l&#8217;ex&#233;cutif apr&#232;s qu&#8217;un de ses membres, le vice-ministre des Finances, a d&#233;missionn&#233; suite &#224; des <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/thai-deputy-finance-minister-resigns-over-scam-links-allegations">all&#233;gations le liant &#224; une op&#233;ration de fraude transnationale</a>.</p><h2><strong>En bref</strong></h2><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/former-pm-paetongtarn-shinawatra-resigns-as-pheu-thai-party-chief">22/10</a> L&#8217;ancienne Premi&#232;re ministre Paetongtarn Shinawatra a d&#233;missionn&#233; de la direction du parti Pheu Thai, ouvrant la voie &#224; un renouvellement du leadership avant les prochaines &#233;lections g&#233;n&#233;rales. Parall&#232;lement, son p&#232;re, l&#8217;ex-Premier ministre Thaksin Shinawatra, a d&#233;pos&#233; une demande de gr&#226;ce royale pour sa condamnation &#224; un an de prison.</p><p><a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/10/history-is-made-timor-leste-becomes-aseans-11th-member/">27/10</a> Le Timor Oriental a &#233;t&#233; officiellement admis comme onzi&#232;me membre de l&#8217;ASEAN, premi&#232;re expansion du bloc depuis 1999. Cette adh&#233;sion ouvre au pays des perspectives &#233;conomiques et commerciales majeures, susceptibles de stimuler sa croissance et de r&#233;duire sa d&#233;pendance au p&#233;trole.</p><p><a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/10/myanmar-rebel-group-agrees-to-ceasefire-with-military-ahead-of-junta-election/">28/10</a> Au Myanmar, le Ta&#8217;ang National Liberation Army (TNLA) a sign&#233; un cessez-le-feu avec l&#8217;arm&#233;e, sous m&#233;diation chinoise, et a rendu le contr&#244;le de deux villes de l&#8217;&#201;tat Shan. L&#8217;accord, apr&#232;s celui du MNDAA en janvier, inverse les gains de l&#8217;op&#233;ration 1027 et renforce la position du r&#233;gime avant les &#233;lections pr&#233;vues pour la fin d&#8217;ann&#233;e.</p><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/defense/indonesia-to-buy-42-fighter-jets-from-china">31/10</a> Le ministre indon&#233;sien de la D&#233;fense Sjafrie Sjamsoeddin a suspendu le projet d&#8217;achat de 42 chasseurs J-10 chinois, pr&#233;cisant qu&#8217;aucune d&#233;cision finale n&#8217;avait encore &#233;t&#233; prise.</p><div class="pullquote"><p>Merci d&#8217;avoir pris le temps de lire cet article. Si vous appr&#233;ciez mon travail, faites-le moi savoir en cliquant sur le &#9829; ou en partageant ce post.</p><p>Vous d&#233;veloppez vos activit&#233;s en Asie du Sud-Est et cherchez &#224; mieux comprendre cette r&#233;gion complexe ? Vous avez besoin d&#8217;un &#233;clairage particulier sur une probl&#233;matique r&#233;gionale ou d&#8217;un accompagnement expert pour mettre en place une veille strat&#233;gique ? <a href="mailto:juliette.loesch@inalco.fr">Contactez-moi</a>.</p></div><h1>English version</h1><p>You&#8217;re reading <em><strong>Fresh Mango Juice</strong></em> &#8212; the (as) monthly (as possible) news roundup from <em><strong><a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/">Durian Stories</a></strong></em>, a newsletter on political and international affairs in Southeast Asia. <em><strong>Version fran&#231;aise ci-dessus.</strong></em></p><p>(853 words, about 5 min read)</p><div><hr></div><p>Dear readers,</p><p>It&#8217;s been a long time since an ASEAN summit drew so much attention. Serving as a pretext for Donald Trump&#8217;s first trip to Southeast Asia since 2017&#8212;just days before his meeting with Xi Jinping in South Korea&#8212;the event mostly highlighted the widening gap between the region and the United States. While some countries used the U.S. president&#8217;s presence to secure assurances on freezing tariff increases, the summit&#8217;s real breakthroughs came from talks on trade agreements with India and China. A timely reminder that the U.S. trade war is, ironically, driving regional economic integration.</p><p>Happy reading,</p><p>Juliette</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Trump&#8217;s Return to Southeast Asia</strong></h2><p>Donald Trump&#8217;s much-anticipated visit to Malaysia produced only mixed results for ASEAN members, gathered in Kuala Lumpur from October 26 to 28 for their annual summit.</p><p>Confirmed at the last minute by the White House, the U.S. president&#8217;s trip was made contingent on the organization of a peace-agreement signing ceremony between Thailand and Cambodia &#8212; of course held under the high patronage of Trump <em>himself.</em></p><p>Eager not to jeopardize the visit, deemed essential to maintaining momentum in trade talks with Washington, the Cambodian and Thai prime ministers went along with the exercise, though with only limited sincerity.</p><p>The signing ceremony certainly was a diplomatic success for Trump, who reinforced his image as a peacemaker after the Sharm el-Sheikh accord &#8212; and conveniently managed to sideline China, despite its decisive role in the negotiations. A win also for Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim, who can claim to have restored some of ASEAN&#8217;s credibility during his chairmanship, after years of frustration over the bloc&#8217;s paralysis on Myanmar.</p><p>Yet the bilateral declaration &#8212; rebranded the &#8220;Kuala Lumpur Peace Accord&#8221; by the U.S. president and signed on October 26 &#8212; is unlikely to lay the foundations for lasting peace, absent concrete measures to de-escalate tensions on the ground or reopen the Thai-Cambodian border.</p><blockquote><p><em>I analyze the negotiations and the prospects for lasting peace in this <a href="https://www.ifri.org/fr/editoriaux/cambodge-thailande-un-accord-de-paix-en-trompe-loeil">Ifri editorial</a> (available in open access).</em></p></blockquote><p>But the true stakes of the summit lay less in easing tensions between the two neighbors than in securing looser trade restrictions from the United States &#8212; a goal only partially met during the president&#8217;s six-hour stop in Malaysia. Both Malaysia and Cambodia <a href="https://carnegieendowment.org/emissary/2025/10/malaysia-cambodia-trade-deal-trump-tariffs-asean-skeptical?lang=en">signed trade deals pledging to reduce or eliminate tariffs on U.S. goods</a> in exchange for Washington&#8217;s commitment not to exceed a 19% tariff ceiling. The agreements also include provisions to align their export-control and sanctions regimes with those of the U.S. &#8212; a potentially burdensome commitment in the long run. Vietnam and Thailand secured similar framework agreements, to be finalized in the coming weeks.</p><p>Should this be seen as an ASEAN capitulation &#8212; a Southeast Asia that &#8220;<a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/international/article/2025/10/27/l-asie-du-sud-est-s-incline-devant-donald-trump_6649771_3210.html">bows down</a>&#8221; to the U.S.? That would overlook significant progress toward regional integration achieved beyond the glare of U.S.-centric diplomacy. The October summit also saw the announcement of <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/trade/asean-summit-talks-spotlight-economic-integration-amid-trade-worries">an upgraded intra-ASEAN trade deal (ATIGA)</a>, <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/china-asean-sign-upgraded-free-trade-pact-2025-10-28/">the deepening of the ASEAN-China free trade agreement</a>, and <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/international-relations/malaysia-s-anwar-says-real-progress-made-in-asean-india-trade-deal-review">substantial progress in revising the ASEAN-India trade pact.</a></p><blockquote><p><em>I discussed what Trump&#8217;s visit and the October summit truly mean for ASEAN with Nina Masson on <a href="https://www.france24.com/fr/%C3%A9missions/parlons-en-les-invit%C3%A9s/20251028-trump-en-tourn%C3%A9e-l-asie-du-sud-est-en-rangs-serr%C3%A9s-avec-j-b-monnier-et-j-loesch">France 24&#8217;s &#8220;Parlons-En&#8221;</a>.</em></p></blockquote><h2><strong>Organized Crime in the Mekong Region</strong></h2><p>The rise of transnational crime linked to <em>scam centers</em> in the Mekong region is prompting increasingly firm responses from actors outside Southeast Asia. The United States and the United Kingdom have <a href="https://cambojanews.com/us-uk-sanction-prince-group-citing-global-scam-network/">imposed sanctions</a> on Cambodia&#8217;s Prince Group conglomerate, accused of running online fraud operations based on forced labor. China, too, is stepping up pressure on its regional partners: Beijing appears to have used the recent Thai-Cambodian talks to urge greater cooperation against these criminal hubs.</p><p>Thailand&#8217;s government &#8212; reprimanded by Beijing in February 2025 for its inaction &#8212; has since declared &#8220;<a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/general/3132240/thai-pm-declares-war-on-scammers">war</a>&#8221; on those scam centers, whose destabilizing effects are increasingly felt domestically. A military raid in neighboring Myanmar targeting one such site recently <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/general/3125322/myanmar-scam-centre-raid-sends-hundreds-fleeing-to-thailand">drove more than 700 people</a> to flee across the Thai border. Prime Minister Anutin Charnvirakul&#8217;s renewed efforts may also aim to restore his government&#8217;s credibility after his deputy finance minister resigned following <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/thai-deputy-finance-minister-resigns-over-scam-links-allegations">allegations linking him to a transnational fraud operation.</a></p><h2><strong>In Brief</strong></h2><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/former-pm-paetongtarn-shinawatra-resigns-as-pheu-thai-party-chief">Oct 22</a> &#8212; Former Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra resigned as head of the Pheu Thai Party, paving the way for leadership renewal ahead of upcoming general elections. Meanwhile, her father, ex-Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra, has filed a royal pardon request for his one-year prison sentence.</p><p><a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/10/history-is-made-timor-leste-becomes-aseans-11th-member/">Oct 27</a> &#8212; Timor-Leste was officially admitted as ASEAN&#8217;s eleventh member, the bloc&#8217;s first expansion since 1999. The accession opens major economic and trade prospects for the country, likely to spur growth and reduce its reliance on oil revenues.</p><p><a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/10/myanmar-rebel-group-agrees-to-ceasefire-with-military-ahead-of-junta-election/">Oct 28</a> &#8212; In Myanmar, the Ta&#8217;ang National Liberation Army (TNLA) signed a Chinese-brokered ceasefire with the military and ceded control of two towns in Shan State. The deal, following the MNDAA&#8217;s agreement in January, rolls back the gains of Operation 1027 and strengthens the junta ahead of elections later this year.</p><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/defense/indonesia-to-buy-42-fighter-jets-from-china">Oct 31</a> &#8212; Indonesian Defense Minister Sjafrie Sjamsoeddin has suspended plans to purchase 42 Chinese J-10 fighter jets, stating that no final decision has yet been made.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/p/sommet-de-lasean-trump-en-asie-scam?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Partager&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/sommet-de-lasean-trump-en-asie-scam?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Partager</span></a></p><div class="pullquote"><p>Thank you for taking the time to read this piece. If you enjoyed it, let me know by clicking the &#9829; or sharing this post.</p><p>Are you expanding your activities in Southeast Asia and looking to better understand this complex region? Do you need tailored insights on a regional issue or expert support to set up strategic monitoring? Feel free to <a href="mailto:juliette.loesch@inalco.fr">get in touch</a>.</p></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Fresh Mango Juice #20 (septembre 2025)]]></title><description><![CDATA[Nouveaux gouvernements en Tha&#239;lande et en Indon&#233;sie, chaises musicales sur fond de scandale aux Philippines... (English version included)]]></description><link>https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-20-septembre-2025</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-20-septembre-2025</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Juliette Loesch]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 29 Sep 2025 06:01:15 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/92198e52-6be2-4cf1-8234-455a83c211a1_256x256.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mQJ-!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa8c09aab-d85a-4bff-bbe1-1cb8396f5c6a_1584x396.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mQJ-!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa8c09aab-d85a-4bff-bbe1-1cb8396f5c6a_1584x396.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mQJ-!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa8c09aab-d85a-4bff-bbe1-1cb8396f5c6a_1584x396.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mQJ-!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa8c09aab-d85a-4bff-bbe1-1cb8396f5c6a_1584x396.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mQJ-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa8c09aab-d85a-4bff-bbe1-1cb8396f5c6a_1584x396.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mQJ-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa8c09aab-d85a-4bff-bbe1-1cb8396f5c6a_1584x396.heic" width="1456" height="364" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/a8c09aab-d85a-4bff-bbe1-1cb8396f5c6a_1584x396.heic&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:364,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:18297,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/heic&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/i/174625034?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa8c09aab-d85a-4bff-bbe1-1cb8396f5c6a_1584x396.heic&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mQJ-!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa8c09aab-d85a-4bff-bbe1-1cb8396f5c6a_1584x396.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mQJ-!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa8c09aab-d85a-4bff-bbe1-1cb8396f5c6a_1584x396.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mQJ-!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa8c09aab-d85a-4bff-bbe1-1cb8396f5c6a_1584x396.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mQJ-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa8c09aab-d85a-4bff-bbe1-1cb8396f5c6a_1584x396.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Vous &#234;tes sur <em><strong>Fresh Mango Juice</strong></em>, la revue de presse (aussi) mensuelle (que possible) de <em><strong><a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/">Durian Stories</a></strong></em>, une newsletter d&#8217;actualit&#233;s politiques et internationales sur l&#8217;Asie du Sud-Est. <strong>English version below</strong>.</p><p>(1744 mots, environ 11 min de lecture)</p><p>&#8212;</p><p>Ch&#232;res lectrices, chers lecteurs,</p><p>Retour ce mois-ci sur une activit&#233;  pleine de rebondissements, ou plut&#244;t de remaniements - parlementaires, gouvernementaux&#8230; un vrai jeu de chaises musicales dont le r&#233;sultat dessine sans surprise une tendance r&#233;gionale au resserrement autour des ex&#233;cutifs. </p><p>Bonne lecture !</p><p>Juliette</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonnez-vous maintenant&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Abonnez-vous maintenant</span></a></p><h3><strong>Malaisie : un long s&#233;jour du premier ministre en Chine</strong></h3><p>La r&#233;cente <a href="https://substack.com/app-link/post?publication_id=4060570&amp;post_id=173209076&amp;utm_source=post-email-title&amp;utm_campaign=email-post-title&amp;isFreemail=true&amp;r=4tnar9&amp;token=eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjoyOTE2NjA1OTcsInBvc3RfaWQiOjE3MzIwOTA3NiwiaWF0IjoxNzU3NDY2MDQ0LCJleHAiOjE3NjAwNTgwNDQsImlzcyI6InB1Yi00MDYwNTcwIiwic3ViIjoicG9zdC1yZWFjdGlvbiJ9.UT3SQ7oJac8BExw2CX-pSV2DmEewO2BCSR2Zogho_GQ">participation du Premier ministre malaisien Anwar Ibrahim &#224; une session de la Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)</a>, organis&#233;e &#224; Tianjin les 31 ao&#251;t et 1er septembre, suivie de son affichage aupr&#232;s d&#8217;autres leaders mondiaux lors de la parade du Jour de la Victoire du 3 septembre &#224; P&#233;kin, ne manquera pas de conforter les tenants d&#8217;un rapprochement entre la Chine et la Malaisie. Il s&#8217;agit de la premi&#232;re participation d&#8217;un dirigeant malaisien &#224; un sommet de l&#8217;organisation, aupr&#232;s de laquelle Kuala Lumpur n&#8217;a pourtant aucun statut officiel. Sur le plan bilat&#233;ral, Anwar Ibrahim a profit&#233; de son long s&#233;jour chinois pour rencontrer son homologue Xi Jinping, qui lui a renouvel&#233; son plein soutien &#224; la candidature malaisienne aux BRICS.</p><h3><strong>Tha&#239;lande : Shinawatra en prison, Anutin forme son gouvernement</strong></h3><p>Alors que le Parlement tha&#239;landais d&#233;signait un nouveau Premier ministre d&#233;but septembre, le p&#232;re de la PM d&#233;chue, Thaksin Shinawatra, quittait le pays pour un bref s&#233;jour &#224; Duba&#239;. Un d&#233;part au timing pour le moins suspect, puisqu&#8217;il a co&#239;ncid&#233; avec la conclusion d&#8217;un proc&#232;s le visant et dont l&#8217;issue devait logiquement conduire &#224; son incarc&#233;ration. <a href="https://www.coffeeparliament.com/p/thaksin-sent-to-prison?utm_source=post-email-title&amp;publication_id=3953208&amp;post_id=173164176&amp;utm_campaign=email-post-title&amp;isFreemail=true&amp;r=4tnar9&amp;triedRedirect=true&amp;utm_medium=email">La Cour supr&#234;me a en effet estim&#233; que Thaksin avait abusivement &#233;chapp&#233; &#224; une peine en invoquant de fausses affections m&#233;dicales et devait d&#233;sormais purger une peine d</a>&#8217;<a href="https://www.coffeeparliament.com/p/thaksin-sent-to-prison?utm_source=post-email-title&amp;publication_id=3953208&amp;post_id=173164176&amp;utm_campaign=email-post-title&amp;isFreemail=true&amp;r=4tnar9&amp;triedRedirect=true&amp;utm_medium=email">un an de prison</a>. Revenu en Tha&#239;lande, il s&#8217;est finalement pr&#233;sent&#233; devant la justice, <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/politics/3101488/why-thaksin-decided-to-face-the-music">affirmant sur les r&#233;seaux sociaux vouloir tourner la page de ses proc&#232;s pour enfin se projeter vers l&#8217;avenir</a>. L&#8217;incarc&#233;ration du patriarche fragilise encore un peu plus le Pheu Thai, d&#233;j&#224; frapp&#233; de plein fouet par le limogeage de sa cheffe et la volte-face de son alli&#233; de coalition, le parti Bumjaithai.</p><p>Le nouveau Premier ministre Anutin Charnvirakul a quant &#224; lui constitu&#233; un gouvernement sans tarder, compos&#233; d&#8217;un mix de <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/opinion/opinion/3110874/anutins-new-cabinet-is-a-mixed-bag">technocrates et d</a>&#8217;<a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/opinion/opinion/3110874/anutins-new-cabinet-is-a-mixed-bag">apparatchiks</a>. Si l&#8217;objectif officiel est de d&#233;livrer le plus rapidement possible des r&#233;sultats tangibles sur les priorit&#233;s suppos&#233;es du peuple tha&#239;landais (conflit frontalier, co&#251;t de la vie&#8230;), l&#8217;objectif officieux est sans ambigu&#239;t&#233; de pr&#233;parer le parti, voire l&#8217;&#233;quipe d&#8217;Anutin, &#224; remporter les &#233;lections anticip&#233;es pr&#233;vues dans quatre mois. Anutin a &#233;galement initi&#233; la proc&#233;dure de r&#233;forme constitutionnelle, conform&#233;ment au m&#233;morandum d&#8217;accord conclu avec le parti d&#8217;opposition People&#8217;s Party, en <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/politics/3110232/bhumjaithai-limits-senate-role-in-charter-rewriting">pr&#233;sentant un projet d&#8217;amendement constitutionnel</a>. Le texte, destin&#233; &#224; encadrer la proc&#233;dure de r&#233;vision, pr&#233;voit notamment de r&#233;duire le r&#244;le du S&#233;nat, d&#8217;imposer un calendrier strict et de verrouiller toute tentative de modification des dispositions touchant &#224; la monarchie et au statut unitaire de la Tha&#239;lande.</p><h3><strong>Conflit entre la Tha&#239;lande et le Cambodge : un cessez-le-feu toujours fragile face &#224; une fronti&#232;re obstin&#233;ment maintenue ferm&#233;e par l&#8217;arm&#233;e tha&#239;landaise</strong></h3><p>Le Premier ministre cambodgien Hun Manet a <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/general/3100313/cambodian-pm-seeks-to-restore-relations-with-thailand">adress&#233; un geste d&#8217;ouverture</a> &#224; son homologue tha&#239;landais, saluant sa nomination et exprimant l&#8217;espoir de normaliser les relations entre Phnom Penh et Bangkok. Dans le m&#234;me temps, des repr&#233;sentants des forces arm&#233;es des deux pays, r&#233;unis dans le cadre des m&#233;canismes bilat&#233;raux mis en place par l&#8217;accord de cessez-le-feu, ont <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/09/thailand-cambodia-pledge-to-de-escalate-situation-at-disputed-border/">adopt&#233; cinq initiatives communes</a> destin&#233;es &#224; r&#233;duire les tensions frontali&#232;res, dont le retrait des armes lourdes et du mat&#233;riel militaire des positions avanc&#233;es, ainsi qu&#8217;un effort coordonn&#233; de d&#233;minage dans les zones disput&#233;es.</p><p>Ces avanc&#233;es ne semblent pas n&#233;anmoins se traduire par une am&#233;lioration de la situation sur le terrain, o&#249; de nouveaux incidents continuent d&#8217;opposer l&#8217;arm&#233;e tha&#239;landaise &#224; des ressortissants cambodgiens, qui <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/general/3100802/more-cambodians-fleeing-hardship-return-to-thailand-illegally">tentent</a> quotidiennement de franchir la fronti&#232;re. Bangkok <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/general/3105402/sealed-border-ups-pressure-on-cambodia-says-2nd-army-chief">entend maintenir la fermeture</a> des fronti&#232;res, consid&#233;r&#233;e par l&#8217;arm&#233;e comme indispensable &#224; la s&#233;curit&#233; nationale, malgr&#233; les pressions exerc&#233;es par certains milieux &#233;conomiques.</p><p>Face &#224; cette situation, Hun Manet a <a href="https://cambojanews.com/hun-manet-appeals-to-world-leaders-after-villagers-clash-with-thai-troops/">sollicit&#233; une nouvelle fois</a> la m&#233;diation de la Malaisie, de la Chine et des &#201;tats-Unis.</p><h3><strong>Philippines : chaises musicales parlementaires et manifestations contre la corruption de la classe politique</strong></h3><p>Le scandale autour des projets de contr&#244;le des inondations n&#8217;en finit plus de provoquer des secousses dans le paysage politique philippin. Le pr&#233;sident du S&#233;nat et le speaker de la Chambre basse, deux figures centrales de la vie parlementaire, ont d&#233;j&#224; quitt&#233; leurs postes. Le premier, <a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/escudero-ousted-senate-president-september-8-2025/">Chiz Escudero</a>, figure sur la <a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/department-justice-criminal-proceedings-official-dpwh-corruption/">liste des inculp&#233;s</a> publi&#233;e par le d&#233;partement de la Justice. Le second, <a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/video-bojie-dy-first-speech-house-speaker/">Martin Romualdez</a>, cousin germain et proche alli&#233; du pr&#233;sident Marcos, n&#8217;a pas (encore) &#233;t&#233; formellement mis en cause&#8230; mais a certainement pr&#233;f&#233;r&#233; se retirer avant que l&#8217;affaire ne s&#8217;envenime.</p><p>Escudero a &#233;t&#233; remplac&#233; par <a href="https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/in-depth/how-tito-sotto-seized-senate-presidency-from-chiz-escudero/">Tito Sotto</a>, qui est parvenu &#224; rallier 15 s&#233;nateurs de son camp pour soutenir son &#233;lection &#224; la pr&#233;sidence du S&#233;nat. Nomm&#233; ind&#233;pendamment du soutien des s&#233;nateurs du clan Duterte, Sotto les a <a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/senate-leadership-shakeup-strips-duterte-allies-key-committee-chairmanships/">imm&#233;diatement &#233;vinc&#233;s des commissions strat&#233;gqiues</a> dans lesquelles ils &#233;taient repr&#233;sent&#233;s, pour en confier la responsabilit&#233; &#224; des &#233;lus proches du camp Marcos. Le puissant comit&#233; du &#171; ruban bleu &#187;, charg&#233; des enqu&#234;tes s&#233;natoriales, a notamment &#233;t&#233; confi&#233; &#224; Panfilo Ping Lacson, r&#233;&#233;lu en 2025 sur la liste pr&#233;sidentielle. Escudero avait au contraire distribu&#233; ces postes aux partisans de Duterte pour refl&#233;ter <a href="https://www.ifri.org/fr/briefings/elections-de-mi-mandat-aux-philippines-la-guerre-des-clans-son-comble">le renforcement de l&#8217;opposition apr&#232;s les &#233;lections de mi-mandat</a>.</p><p>&#192; la Chambre basse, Martin Romualdez a c&#233;d&#233; sa place &#224; son adjoint <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/marcos-cousin-replaced-as-house-speaker-as-graft-scandal-furor-builds">Faustino Dy III</a>, &#233;galement alli&#233; du pr&#233;sident Marcos. Ce dernier a promis transparence et impartialit&#233;, d&#233;clarant que les alli&#233;s du pouvoir ne seraient pas &#233;pargn&#233;s. Il a dans la foul&#233;e <a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/house-stops-infra-committee-probe-flood-control-projects/">mis fin &#224; l&#8217;enqu&#234;te parlementaire</a> sur les projets incrimin&#233;s pour la transf&#233;rer &#224; une instance <em>ad hoc</em>, l&#8217;Independent Commission on Infrastructure (ICI). Cette commission administrative, cr&#233;&#233;e par d&#233;cret ex&#233;cutif, est charg&#233;e d&#8217;examiner les projets d&#8217;infrastructures men&#233;s depuis 2015.</p><p>Le peuple philippin s&#8217;est lui aussi mobilis&#233; pour manifester contre la corruption g&#233;n&#233;ralis&#233;e des &#233;lites politiques et &#233;conomiques : le 21 septembre, date anniversaire symbolique de l&#8217;instauration de la loi martiale par Marcos Sr en 1972, plus de <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/09/massive-protests-condemn-corruption-in-the-philippines/">100 000 manifestants se sont rassembl&#233;s &#224; Manille</a> la plus grande mobilisation depuis 2013.</p><h3><strong>Indon&#233;sie : r&#233;ponse de l&#8217;ex&#233;cutif aux manifestations et remaniement pro-Gerindra</strong></h3><p>En Indon&#233;sie, la tension est retomb&#233;e apr&#232;s les mobilisations de la fin ao&#251;t, m&#234;me si <a href="https://www.kompas.id/artikel/situasi-sudah-kondusif-militer-belum-ditarik-ke-barak?open_from=Kompas_Hari_Ini">l&#8217;arm&#233;e restait d&#233;ploy&#233;e &#224; Jakarta d&#233;but septembre</a>, officiellement pour aider la police. Alors que les d&#233;l&#233;gations &#233;tudiantes et autres repr&#233;sentants des manifestants avaient <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/09/08/protesters-decry-bare-minimum-govt-response.html">fait part de leur d&#233;ception</a> apr&#232;s avoir &#233;t&#233; re&#231;ues par plusieurs ministres, des signaux d&#8217;ouverture commencent d&#233;sormais &#224; appara&#238;tre.</p><p>Du c&#244;t&#233; des parlementaires, une premi&#232;re avanc&#233;e est venue de la loi sur la confiscation des avoirs illicites : <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/09/19/houses-legislation-body-pushes-to-deliberate-asset-forfeiture-bill.html">le 22 septembre, la commission l&#233;gislative (Baleg) a inscrit le texte comme priorit&#233; pour 2025</a>. Ce projet de loi, propos&#233; pour la premi&#232;re fois en 2008, vise &#224; &#233;tablir une base l&#233;gale pour la saisie des biens mal acquis des responsables publics condamn&#233;s pour corruption.</p><p>Du c&#244;t&#233; de l&#8217;ex&#233;cutif, le pr&#233;sident a multipli&#233; les annonces :</p><ul><li><p>Prabowo a d&#8217;abord donn&#233; son accord de principe pour la <a href="https://www.kompas.id/artikel/presiden-bakal-bentuk-tim-investigasi-kerusuhan-agustus-dan-reformasi-kepolisian?insEmail=1&amp;insNltCmpId=27154&amp;insNltSldt=10080&amp;insPnName=kompasidprod&amp;insUuid=MGM2OWEwODctODVmMC00OTRlLTg0YjktYmRjNWM4NzA4N2Q5&amp;isIns=1&amp;isInsNltCmp=1&amp;utm_campaign=gwt_-_auto_nl_pagi_traffic&amp;utm_content=headline&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_source=insider&amp;utm_term=B2C_-_Email_Pagi_-_Active_Openers">cr&#233;ation d&#8217;une &#233;quipe d&#8217;investigation sur les violences d&#8217;ao&#251;t</a>, m&#234;me si <a href="https://www.kompas.id/artikel/pemerintah-hargai-tim-independen-ham-pembentukan-tgpf-tunggu-keputusan-presiden?open_from=Kompas_Hari_Ini">la d&#233;cision finale tarde &#224; &#234;tre ent&#233;rin&#233;e</a>. Dans l&#8217;attente, six institutions nationales ont mis sur pied leur <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/09/15/rights-bodies-form-fact-finding-team-on-violent-protests-riots.html">propre commission ind&#233;pendante</a>, mais avec un mandat demeurant hors du champ judiciaire.</p></li><li><p>Un <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/09/18/prabowo-to-issue-decree-for-police-reform-soon.html">d&#233;cret pr&#233;sidentiel a &#233;galement ordonn&#233; la mise en oeuvre d&#8217;une r&#233;forme de la police</a>, sans toutefois donner plus de d&#233;tail. L&#8217;institution s&#8217;est en parall&#232;le dot&#233;e d&#8217;une commission interne charg&#233;e de proposer des pistes de r&#233;forme. Des doutes persistent toutefois quant &#224; la sinc&#233;rit&#233; de cette d&#233;marche, puisque les principaux responsables de la r&#233;forme sont l&#8217;ex-g&#233;n&#233;ral de police Ahmad Dofiri, nomm&#233; <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/09/19/new-presidential-adviser-leaves-doubt-on-police-reform.html">conseiller sp&#233;cial pour la r&#233;forme polici&#232;re</a>, et l&#8217;actuel chef de la police nationale, Listyo Sigit Prabowo, <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/09/15/listyos-fate-back-in-spotlight-as-calls-for-police-reform-intensify.html">dont la cr&#233;dibilit&#233; est contest&#233;e</a> apr&#232;s le d&#233;c&#232;s d&#8217;Affan Kurniawan.</p></li></ul><p>Le pr&#233;sident a &#233;galement proc&#233;d&#233; &#224; un remaniement strat&#233;gique de son gouvernement. Si celui-ci est pr&#233;sent&#233; comme une r&#233;ponse aux contestations, il ressemble en effet plut&#244;t &#224; une manoeuvre pour consolider l&#8217;ex&#233;cutif autour du parti pr&#233;sidentiel, voire du pr&#233;sident lui-m&#234;me, aux d&#233;pens de la coalition tr&#232;s &#233;tendue form&#233;e au d&#233;but de son mandat.</p><p>Parmi les hauts profils, la ministre des Finances Sri Mulyani, en poste depuis 14 ans et dont les dissensions avec Prabowo &#233;tait connues, n&#8217;a pas r&#233;sist&#233; au <em>reshuffle</em>. Elle a &#233;t&#233; remplac&#233;e par Purbaya Yudhi Sadewa, ancien patron de <em>l&#8217;Indonesia Deposit Insurance Corporation</em>, qui a &#233;t&#233; <a href="https://www.kompas.id/artikel/pertaruhan-rezim-fiskal-baru?open_from=Kompas_Hari_Ini">charg&#233; explicitement</a> par le pr&#233;sident de mettre en &#339;uvre sa vision interventionniste (je recommande &#224; ce sujet <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/09/the-economic-philosophy-of-sumitro-djojohadikusumo/">l&#8217;article &#233;clairant de James Guild</a> sur la doctrine &#233;conomique du p&#232;re de Prabowo, ex-ministre de l&#8217;&#201;conomie sous Sukarno et fondateur de la Banque d&#8217;Indon&#233;sie.) Purbaya a d&#8217;ailleurs imm&#233;diatement annonc&#233; un <a href="https://www.kompas.id/artikel/paket-ekonomi?open_from=Kompas_Hari_Ini">plan de relance de 12 milliards de dollars</a>, incluant une injection massive de capitaux dans les banques, une d&#233;cision inimaginable sous Sri Mulyani, r&#233;put&#233;e pour sa rigueur budg&#233;taire.</p><p>Prabowo a &#233;galement nomm&#233; l&#8217;ex-g&#233;n&#233;ral Djamari Chaniago ministre coordinateur aux Affaires politiques et de s&#233;curit&#233;, succ&#233;dant &#224; un bref int&#233;rim assur&#233; par son ministre de la D&#233;fense Sjafrie Samsuddin. Erick Thohir devient ministre des Sports, tandis que son ancien portefeuille de ministre des Entreprises publiques (BUMN) reste vacant &#8212; ce r&#244;le autrefois pris&#233; a &#233;t&#233; vid&#233; de sa substance depuis que la <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/indonesia-removes-minister-of-soes-handing-greater-power-to-danantara">gestion strat&#233;gique des entreprises publiques a &#233;t&#233; transf&#233;r&#233;e &#224; Danantara</a>. Plusieurs autres postes minist&#233;riels et au sein des cabinets ont &#233;galement <a href="https://www.kompas.id/artikel/reshuffle-kabinet-dinilai-belum-menjawab-tuntutan-publik">&#233;t&#233; allou&#233;s &#224; des membres du parti pr&#233;sidentiel Gerindra</a>.</p><h3><strong>En bref</strong></h3><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/defense/japan-in-talks-over-frigate-exports-to-the-philippines">12/09</a> Le Japon est en discussion avec les Philippines au sujet de l&#8217;exportation de fr&#233;gates et de radars de d&#233;fense a&#233;rienne, et il remettra dans les prochaines semaines <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/japan-to-donate-ships-drones-to-malaysia-under-security-assistance-program">des bateaux de sauvetage et des drones de surveillance &#224; l&#8217;arm&#233;e malaisienne</a> dans le cadre de son programme d&#8217;Assistance officielle &#224; la s&#233;curit&#233; (OSA).</p><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/business/media-entertainment/war-movie-made-by-vietnam-s-military-a-box-office-blockbuster">16/09</a> Un film de guerre patriotique produit par l&#8217;arm&#233;e vietnamienne est devenu le plus gros succ&#232;s au box-office de l&#8217;histoire du pays.</p><p><a href="https://theaseanfrontier.com/p/laos-leans-east?utm_campaign=email-half-post&amp;r=4tnar9&amp;utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email">22/09</a> Lors du 25e sommet des chefs d&#8217;&#201;tat de l&#8217;Organisation de coop&#233;ration de Shanghai (OCS) &#224; Tianjin, le Laos a &#233;t&#233; officiellement accept&#233; comme partenaire de dialogue, devenant ainsi le troisi&#232;me &#201;tat de l&#8217;ASEAN &#224; rejoindre ce bloc, apr&#232;s le Cambodge et le Myanmar. Le Premier ministre laotien a &#233;galement confirm&#233; que son pays &#233;tudiait les conditions pour d&#233;poser une candidature aux BRICS.</p><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/trade/indonesia-hopeful-of-export-boost-as-eu-trade-deal-finalized">23/09</a> L&#8217;Indon&#233;sie et l&#8217;Union europ&#233;enne ont annonc&#233; mardi la conclusion de neuf ann&#233;es de n&#233;gociations sur un accord commercial. Les responsables et entreprises des deux c&#244;t&#233;s &#8211; y compris les compagnies d&#8217;huile de palme &#8211; esp&#232;rent que ce nouvel accord contribuera &#224; diversifier les march&#233;s et les cha&#238;nes d&#8217;approvisionnement face aux tarifs am&#233;ricains.</p><p><a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/09/malaysias-defense-white-paper-midterm-review-emerging-ai-enabled-security-threats/">11/09</a> La Malaisie a publi&#233; une revue de son premier Livre blanc de la d&#233;fense (2019).</p><p><a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/09/23/prabowo-gives-nusantara-certainty-with-new-regulation.html">23/09</a> Le pr&#233;sident Prabowo Subianto a publi&#233; un r&#232;glement d&#233;signant officiellement Nusantara comme centre politique du pays &#224; l&#8217;horizon 2028.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-20-septembre-2025?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Partager&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-20-septembre-2025?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Partager</span></a></p><div><hr></div><h1>English version</h1><p>You are on <em><strong>Fresh Mango Juice</strong></em>, the (as) monthly (as possible) press review of <em><strong><a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/">Durian Stories</a></strong></em>, a newsletter on political and international affairs about Southeast Asia. <strong>French version above</strong>.</p><p>(1,744 words, about 11 min read)</p><p>&#8212;</p><p>Dear readers,</p><p>This month we look back on a period full of twists and turns &#8212; or rather reshuffles, whether parliamentary or governmental&#8230; a real game of musical chairs whose outcome, unsurprisingly, points to a regional trend of tightening around the executive branch.</p><p>Enjoy your reading!</p><p>Juliette</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonnez-vous maintenant&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Abonnez-vous maintenant</span></a></p><h3>Malaysia: The Prime Minister spends a a long visit in China  </h3><p>The recent <a href="https://substack.com/app-link/post?publication_id=4060570&amp;post_id=173209076&amp;utm_source=post-email-title&amp;utm_campaign=email-post-title&amp;isFreemail=true&amp;r=4tnar9&amp;token=eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjoyOTE2NjA1OTcsInBvc3RfaWQiOjE3MzIwOTA3NiwiaWF0IjoxNzU3NDY2MDQ0LCJleHAiOjE3NjAwNTgwNDQsImlzcyI6InB1Yi00MDYwNTcwIiwic3ViIjoicG9zdC1yZWFjdGlvbiJ9.UT3SQ7oJac8BExw2CX-pSV2DmEewO2BCSR2Zogho_GQ">participation of Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim at the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Summit</a>, held in Tianjin on August 31 and September 1, followed by his presence alongside other world leaders at the September 3 Victory Day parade in Beijing, will undoubtedly confort those advocating closer ties between China and Malaysia. This was the first participation of a Malaysian leader at a summit of the organization, although Kuala Lumpur has no official status as observer or dialogue partner. Anwar Ibrahim furthermore took advantage of his long stay in China to meet with his counterpart Xi Jinping, who reiterated his full support for Malaysia&#8217;s candidacy to join the BRICS.</p><h3>Thailand: Shinawatra in prison, Anutin forms his government</h3><p>While the Thai Parliament was designating a new Prime Minister in early September, the father of the ousted PM, Thaksin Shinawatra, left the country for a short stay in Dubai. The timing of his departure was highly suspicious, coinciding with the conclusion of a trial against him that was logically expected to result in his imprisonment. <a href="https://www.coffeeparliament.com/p/thaksin-sent-to-prison?utm_source=post-email-title&amp;publication_id=3953208&amp;post_id=173164176&amp;utm_campaign=email-post-title&amp;isFreemail=true&amp;r=4tnar9&amp;triedRedirect=true&amp;utm_medium=email">The Supreme Court indeed ruled that Thaksin had abusively evaded a sentence by citing false medical conditions and must now serve</a> <a href="https://www.coffeeparliament.com/p/thaksin-sent-to-prison?utm_source=post-email-title&amp;publication_id=3953208&amp;post_id=173164176&amp;utm_campaign=email-post-title&amp;isFreemail=true&amp;r=4tnar9&amp;triedRedirect=true&amp;utm_medium=email">a one-year prison term</a>. Returning to Thailand, he eventually appeared before the courts, <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/politics/3101488/why-thaksin-decided-to-face-the-music">declaring on social media that he wanted to put his trials behind him and finally move forward</a>. The patriarch&#8217;s imprisonment further weakens the Pheu Thai Party, already hit hard by the dismissal of its leader and the defection of its coalition ally, the Bumjaithai Party.</p><p>The new Prime Minister Anutin Charnvirakul, for his part, wasted no time in forming a cabinet, composed of a mix of <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/opinion/opinion/3110874/anutins-new-cabinet-is-a-mixed-bag">technocrats and</a> <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/opinion/opinion/3110874/anutins-new-cabinet-is-a-mixed-bag">party apparatchiks</a>. While the official objective is to deliver tangible results quickly on the supposed priorities of the Thai people (border conflict, cost of living, etc.), the unofficial goal is unambiguously to prepare the party&#8212;indeed Anutin&#8217;s own team&#8212;for the anticipated elections scheduled in four months. Anutin has also initiated the constitutional reform process, in line with the memorandum of understanding concluded with the opposition People&#8217;s Party, by <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/politics/3110232/bhumjaithai-limits-senate-role-in-charter-rewriting">presenting a draft constitutional amendment</a>. The text, designed to frame the revision procedure, notably seeks to reduce the Senate&#8217;s role, impose a strict timetable, and block any attempt to amend provisions relating to the monarchy and Thailand&#8217;s unitary status.</p><h3>Conflict between Thailand and Cambodia: A fragile ceasefire amid Thailand&#8217;s army keeping the border firmly shut</h3><p>Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Manet <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/general/3100313/cambodian-pm-seeks-to-restore-relations-with-thailand">extended an olive branch</a> to his Thai counterpart, congratulating him on his appointment and expressing hope for normalizing relations between Phnom Penh and Bangkok. At the same time, representatives of the armed forces of both countries, meeting within the framework of bilateral ceasefire mechanisms, <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/09/thailand-cambodia-pledge-to-de-escalate-situation-at-disputed-border/">adopted five joint initiatives</a> aimed at reducing border tensions, including the withdrawal of heavy weapons and military equipment from forward positions, as well as coordinated demining efforts in disputed areas.</p><p>These advances do not, however, appear to translate into improvements on the ground, where new incidents continue to pit the Thai army against Cambodian nationals who <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/general/3100802/more-cambodians-fleeing-hardship-return-to-thailand-illegally">attempt</a> daily to cross the border. Bangkok <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/general/3105402/sealed-border-ups-pressure-on-cambodia-says-2nd-army-chief">intends to maintain the closure</a> of the borders, considered by the military as essential to national security, despite pressure from certain economic circles.</p><p>Faced with this situation, Hun Manet has <a href="https://cambojanews.com/hun-manet-appeals-to-world-leaders-after-villagers-clash-with-thai-troops/">once again appealed</a> for mediation by Malaysia, China, and the United States.</p><h3>Philippines: Parliamentary reshuffle and protests against political corruption</h3><p>The scandal surrounding flood-control projects continues to shake up the Philippine political landscape. The Senate President and the Speaker of the House of Representatives, two central figures of parliamentary life, have already left their posts. The first, <a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/escudero-ousted-senate-president-september-8-2025/">Chiz Escudero</a>, appears on the <a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/department-justice-criminal-proceedings-official-dpwh-corruption/">list of indicted officials</a> published by the Department of Justice. The second, <a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/video-bojie-dy-first-speech-house-speaker/">Martin Romualdez</a>, first cousin and close ally of President Marcos, has not (yet) been formally implicated&#8230; but certainly preferred to step down before the affair worsened.</p><p>Escudero was replaced by <a href="https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/in-depth/how-tito-sotto-seized-senate-presidency-from-chiz-escudero/">Tito Sotto</a>, who managed to rally 15 senators from his camp to support his election as Senate President. Appointed independently of the support of Duterte&#8217;s senators, Sotto <a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/senate-leadership-shakeup-strips-duterte-allies-key-committee-chairmanships/">immediately removed them from key committees</a> they previously chaired, transferring responsibility to lawmakers close to Marcos&#8217;s camp. The powerful &#8220;blue ribbon&#8221; committee, in charge of Senate inquiries, was notably entrusted to Panfilo Ping Lacson, re-elected in 2025 on the presidential list. By contrast, Escudero had distributed these positions to Duterte&#8217;s supporters to reflect <a href="https://www.ifri.org/fr/briefings/elections-de-mi-mandat-aux-philippines-la-guerre-des-clans-son-comble">the strengthening of the opposition after the midterm elections</a>.</p><p>In the House of Representatives, Martin Romualdez was replaced by his deputy <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/marcos-cousin-replaced-as-house-speaker-as-graft-scandal-furor-builds">Faustino Dy III</a>, also an ally of President Marcos. He promised transparency and impartiality, declaring that allies of the government would not be spared. He then <a href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/house-stops-infra-committee-probe-flood-control-projects/">ended the parliamentary inquiry</a> into the incriminated projects, transferring it to an <em>ad hoc</em> body, the Independent Commission on Infrastructure (ICI). This administrative commission, created by executive decree, is tasked with reviewing infrastructure projects undertaken since 2015.</p><p>The Filipino people also mobilized to protest against the widespread corruption of political and economic elites: on September 21, the symbolic anniversary of the declaration of martial law by Marcos Sr. in 1972, more than <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/09/massive-protests-condemn-corruption-in-the-philippines/">100,000 demonstrators gathered in Manila</a>, the largest mobilization since 2013.</p><h3>Indonesia: Government response to protests and a pro-Gerindra reshuffle</h3><p>In Indonesia, tensions eased after the late August mobilizations, even though <a href="https://www.kompas.id/artikel/situasi-sudah-kondusif-militer-belum-ditarik-ke-barak?open_from=Kompas_Hari_Ini">the army remained deployed in Jakarta in early September</a>, officially to support the police. While student delegations and other representatives of the protesters had <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/09/08/protesters-decry-bare-minimum-govt-response.html">expressed their disappointment</a> after meeting with several ministers, signs of openness are now beginning to emerge.</p><p>From Parliament came an initial step forward with the asset forfeiture bill: <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/09/19/houses-legislation-body-pushes-to-deliberate-asset-forfeiture-bill.html">on September 22, the Legislative Body (Baleg) placed the text among 2025 priorities</a>. First proposed in 2008, the draft law aims to establish a legal basis for seizing illicit assets from public officials convicted of corruption.</p><p>From the executive side, the President multiplied announcements:</p><ul><li><p>Prabowo first gave his agreement in principle to the <a href="https://www.kompas.id/artikel/presiden-bakal-bentuk-tim-investigasi-kerusuhan-agustus-dan-reformasi-kepolisian?insEmail=1&amp;insNltCmpId=27154&amp;insNltSldt=10080&amp;insPnName=kompasidprod&amp;insUuid=MGM2OWEwODctODVmMC00OTRlLTg0YjktYmRjNWM4NzA4N2Q5&amp;isIns=1&amp;isInsNltCmp=1&amp;utm_campaign=gwt_-_auto_nl_pagi_traffic&amp;utm_content=headline&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_source=insider&amp;utm_term=B2C_-_Email_Pagi_-_Active_Openers">creation of an investigative team on the August violence</a>, though <a href="https://www.kompas.id/artikel/pemerintah-hargai-tim-independen-ham-pembentukan-tgpf-tunggu-keputusan-presiden?open_from=Kompas_Hari_Ini">the final decision has yet to be confirmed</a>. In the meantime, six national institutions have set up their <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/09/15/rights-bodies-form-fact-finding-team-on-violent-protests-riots.html">own independent commission</a>, albeit with a mandate outside the judicial sphere.</p></li><li><p>A <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/09/18/prabowo-to-issue-decree-for-police-reform-soon.html">presidential decree also ordered the implementation of police reform</a>, though without giving further details. The institution has in parallel created an internal commission tasked with proposing reform measures. Doubts remain, however, about the sincerity of this initiative, since the main figures in charge of the reform are former police general Ahmad Dofiri, appointed <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/09/19/new-presidential-adviser-leaves-doubt-on-police-reform.html">special adviser for police reform</a>, and the current national police chief, Listyo Sigit Prabowo, <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/09/15/listyos-fate-back-in-spotlight-as-calls-for-police-reform-intensify.html">whose credibility has been challenged</a> following the death of Affan Kurniawan.</p></li></ul><p>The President also carried out a strategic reshuffle of his cabinet. While officially presented as a response to protests, it rather looks like a maneuver to consolidate the executive around the presidential party&#8212;or even Prabowo himself&#8212;at the expense of the very broad coalition formed at the start of his term.</p><p>Among high-profile changes, Finance Minister Sri Mulyani, in office for 14 years and known for her disagreements with Prabowo, did not survive the reshuffle. She was replaced by Purbaya Yudhi Sadewa, former head of the <em>Indonesia Deposit Insurance Corporation</em>, who was <a href="https://www.kompas.id/artikel/pertaruhan-rezim-fiskal-baru?open_from=Kompas_Hari_Ini">explicitly tasked</a> by the president to implement his interventionist vision (I recommend <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/09/the-economic-philosophy-of-sumitro-djojohadikusumo/">James Guild&#8217;s enlightening article</a> on the economic doctrine of Prabowo&#8217;s father, a former Economy Minister under Sukarno and founder of Bank Indonesia). Purbaya immediately announced a <a href="https://www.kompas.id/artikel/paket-ekonomi?open_from=Kompas_Hari_Ini">12-billion-dollar stimulus package</a>, including a massive capital injection into banks, a move unthinkable under Sri Mulyani, known for her fiscal discipline.</p><p>Prabowo also appointed former general Djamari Chaniago as Coordinating Minister for Political and Security Affairs, succeeding a short interim by his Defense Minister Sjafrie Samsuddin. Erick Thohir becomes Minister of Sports, while his former portfolio as Minister of State-Owned Enterprises (BUMN) remains vacant &#8212; a once-coveted role that has been stripped of substance since <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/indonesia-removes-minister-of-soes-handing-greater-power-to-danantara">the strategic management of SOEs was transferred to Danantara</a>. Several other ministerial and cabinet positions were also <a href="https://www.kompas.id/artikel/reshuffle-kabinet-dinilai-belum-menjawab-tuntutan-publik">allocated to members of the Gerindra presidential party</a>.</p><h3>In brief</h3><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/defense/japan-in-talks-over-frigate-exports-to-the-philippines">12/09</a> Japan is in talks with the Philippines over the export of frigates and air-defense radars, and in the coming weeks will <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/japan-to-donate-ships-drones-to-malaysia-under-security-assistance-program">deliver rescue vessels and surveillance drones to the Malaysian army</a> under its Official Security Assistance (OSA) program.</p><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/business/media-entertainment/war-movie-made-by-vietnam-s-military-a-box-office-blockbuster">16/09</a> A patriotic war film produced by the Vietnamese military has become the country&#8217;s highest-grossing box office success ever.</p><p><a href="https://theaseanfrontier.com/p/laos-leans-east?utm_campaign=email-half-post&amp;r=4tnar9&amp;utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email">22/09</a> At the 25th summit of heads of state of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) in Tianjin, Laos was officially accepted as a dialogue partner, becoming the third ASEAN state to join this bloc, after Cambodia and Myanmar. The Laotian Prime Minister also confirmed that his country is considering applying for BRICS membership.</p><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/trade/indonesia-hopeful-of-export-boost-as-eu-trade-deal-finalized">23/09</a> Indonesia and the European Union announced on Tuesday the conclusion of nine years of negotiations on a trade agreement. Officials and businesses on both sides&#8212;including palm oil companies&#8212;hope this new deal will help diversify markets and supply chains in the face of U.S. tariffs.</p><p><a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/09/malaysias-defense-white-paper-midterm-review-emerging-ai-enabled-security-threats/">11/09</a> Malaysia has published a mid-term review of its first Defense White Paper (2019).</p><p><a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/09/23/prabowo-gives-nusantara-certainty-with-new-regulation.html">23/09</a> President Prabowo Subianto issued a regulation officially designating Nusantara as the country&#8217;s political capital by 2028.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-20-septembre-2025?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Partager&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-20-septembre-2025?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Partager</span></a></p><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Fresh Mango Juice #19 (juillet-août 2025)]]></title><description><![CDATA[Accords sur les droits de douane am&#233;ricains, cessez-le-feu entre la Tha&#239;lande et le Cambodge, crises politiques en Tha&#239;lande et en Indon&#233;sie. (English version included)]]></description><link>https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-19-juillet-aout</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-19-juillet-aout</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Juliette Loesch]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 08 Sep 2025 06:02:59 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lQ3v!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b9ebc6d-12e2-46ca-8ac2-0c0acd0f049b_256x256.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Vous &#234;tes sur <em><strong>Fresh Mango Juice</strong></em>, la revue de presse (aussi) mensuelle (que possible) de <em><strong><a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/">Durian Stories</a></strong></em>, une newsletter d'actualit&#233;s politiques et internationales sur l'Asie du Sud-Est. <strong>English version below</strong>.</p><p>(1982 mots, environ 12 min de lecture)</p><p>&#8212;</p><p>Ch&#232;res lectrices, chers lecteurs,</p><p>Je suis heureuse de vous retrouver apr&#232;s deux mois de pause estivale. Je vous propose d&#8217;inaugurer cette rentr&#233;e avec un r&#233;cap - assez dense, comme vous pouvez l&#8217;imaginer - des principaux &#233;v&#233;nements de juillet et ao&#251;t. Au programme : accords plus ou moins p&#233;rennes sur les droits de douane impos&#233;s par les &#201;tats-Unis, fragile cessez-le-feu entre le Cambodge et la Tha&#239;lande, r&#233;v&#233;lation d&#8217;un cas de corruption massive aux Philippines et, pour finir, deux crises politiques et sociales majeures en Tha&#239;lande et en Indon&#233;sie. </p><p>Bonne lecture !</p><p>Juliette</p><p>PS : je profite de cette lettre pour vous signaler mon article sur les rivalit&#233;s en mer de Chine, paru dans l&#8217;&#233;dition 2026 du Ramses. J&#8217;y parle entre autres des strat&#233;gies des &#201;tats de l&#8217;ASEAN pour pr&#233;server leurs int&#233;r&#234;ts souverains dans un contexte rendu toujours plus volatile par l&#8217;administration Trump 2.0. Sommaire &#224; consulter sur <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/feed/update/urn:li:activity:7369274941508202497/">le site de l&#8217;Ifri</a>. Revue disponible en <a href="https://www.placedeslibraires.fr/livre/9782100882601-ramses-un-nouvel-echiquier-edition-2026-thierry-de-montbrial/">librairies</a>.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lcFF!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd5a2419f-fd39-4b33-8979-009c6a371582_680x382.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lcFF!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd5a2419f-fd39-4b33-8979-009c6a371582_680x382.heic 424w, 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lcFF!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd5a2419f-fd39-4b33-8979-009c6a371582_680x382.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lcFF!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd5a2419f-fd39-4b33-8979-009c6a371582_680x382.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lcFF!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd5a2419f-fd39-4b33-8979-009c6a371582_680x382.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lcFF!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd5a2419f-fd39-4b33-8979-009c6a371582_680x382.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonnez-vous maintenant&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;button-wrapper&quot;}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary button-wrapper" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Abonnez-vous maintenant</span></a></p><h3><strong>Deals temporaires sur les droits de douane am&#233;ricains</strong></h3><p>On se rappelle que les <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-16-mars-2025">annonces du pr&#233;sident Trump en mars</a> avaient tr&#232;s durement touch&#233; l&#8217;Asie du Sud-Est, entra&#238;nant des r&#233;actions individuelles de chaque pays, <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-17-avril-mai-2025">d&#233;cid&#233;s &#224; n&#233;gocier</a> leurs acc&#232;s au march&#233; am&#233;ricain - tout en s&#8217;ouvrant &#224; d&#8217;autres d&#233;bouch&#233;s potentiels.</p><p>Hano&#239;, dont l&#8217;&#233;conomie d&#233;pend largement de ses exportations vers les &#201;tats-Unis, a &#233;t&#233; la premi&#232;re &#224; formaliser un accord avec Washington, qui pr&#233;voit que le Vietnam <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/trump-says-he-has-struck-trade-deal-with-vietnam-2025-07-02/">paiera 20 %</a> de droits de douane pour tous les biens entrant sur le territoire am&#233;ricain et 40 % pour tout transbordement, c'est-&#224;-dire pour les marchandises transitant par le Vietnam avant leur destination finale. Cette mesure complique consid&#233;rablement les affaires des entreprises ayant en partie d&#233;localis&#233; leur production dans ce pays, dont un bon nombre de firmes chinoises. Plusieurs autorit&#233;s &#224; P&#233;kin <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/trade-war/trump-tariffs/us-vietnam-trade-deal-rekindles-china-tensions">se sont d'ailleurs oppos&#233;es</a> &#224; cet accord, estimant que &#171; les trait&#233;s ne devraient pas viser ni porter atteinte aux int&#233;r&#234;ts d&#8217;une tierce partie. &#187;</p><p>L&#8217;accord am&#233;ricano-vietnamien, annonc&#233; le 3 juillet, a &#233;vit&#233; de justesse au Vietnam d&#8217;&#234;tre vis&#233; par de nouvelles mesures am&#233;ricaines. Le 7 juillet, le pr&#233;sident Trump a en effet <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/fact-sheets/2025/07/fact-sheet-president-donald-j-trump-continues-enforcement-of-reciprocal-tariffs-and-announces-new-tariff-rates/">notifi&#233;</a> &#224; plusieurs pays qu&#8217;ils seraient soumis &#224; de nouveaux droits de douane &#171; r&#233;ciproques &#187; &#224; compter du 1er ao&#251;t, dont le Cambodge (36 %), l&#8217;Indon&#233;sie (32 %), le Laos (40 %), la Malaisie (25 %), le Myanmar (40 %), les Philippines (20 %) et la Tha&#239;lande (36 %).</p><p>Tous ces pays, &#224; l&#8217;exception du Myanmar et du Laos, ont toutefois r&#233;ussi &#224; &#233;viter le couperet du 1er ao&#251;t en arrachant des deals plus ou moins p&#233;rennes avec l&#8217;administration am&#233;ricaine.</p><p>L&#8217;Indon&#233;sie a ainsi obtenu <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/trade-war/trump-tariffs/trump-says-indonesia-reciprocal-tariff-to-be-cut-to-19-in-trade-deal">l&#8217;application d&#8217;un taux de 19 %</a>, en contrepartie de son engagement &#224; &#171; acheter pour 15 milliards de dollars d&#8217;&#233;nergie am&#233;ricaine, 4,5 milliards de dollars de produits agricoles am&#233;ricains et 50 avions Boeing &#187; selon les d&#233;clarations du pr&#233;sident Trump. Les autorit&#233;s indon&#233;siennes ont toutefois <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/trade-war/trump-tariffs/indonesia-continues-negotiations-with-us-in-bid-for-zero-tariffs">fait savoir</a> que les n&#233;gociations &#233;taient toujours en cours et que Jakarta visait l&#8217;exemption totale de droits sur certains produits, dont l&#8217;huile de palme, le caf&#233;, le cacao et le nickel.</p><p>Le pr&#233;sident philippin Marcos Jr. a quant &#224; lui arrach&#233; une <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/trade-war/trump-tariffs/philippine-goods-face-19-tariff-us-exports-to-be-levy-free-trump">baisse symbolique de 1 %</a> (passant de 20 % &#224; 19 %) lors d&#8217;une visite &#224; Washington - mais qui semble largement compens&#233;e par de nouvelles garanties am&#233;ricaines quant &#224; <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/08/renewed-presence-rising-tensions-trumps-south-china-sea-policy-is-taking-shape/">l'approfondissement de l'alliance militaire</a> entre les deux pays.</p><p>Des <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/07/further-modifying-the-reciprocal-tariff-rates/">accords de derni&#232;re minute</a> permettent &#233;galement &#224; la Malaisie, la Tha&#239;lande et le Cambodge de b&#233;n&#233;ficier de l&#8217;application de droits de douane &#224; 19 %.</p><h3><strong>Fragile cessez-le-feu entre la Tha&#239;lande et la Cambodge</strong></h3><p>Nous avions laiss&#233; les deux pays <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-18-juin-2025">en pleine crise</a> apr&#232;s qu&#8217;une escarmouche avait provoqu&#233; la mort d&#8217;un officier cambodgien fin mai, entra&#238;nant la fermeture des fronti&#232;res tha&#239;landaises et un certain nombre de mesures de r&#233;torsion des deux c&#244;t&#233;s.</p><p>Mi-juillet, au moins huit soldats tha&#239;landais ont subi de graves blessures apr&#232;s avoir march&#233; sur des mines, que les autorit&#233;s tha&#239;landaises ont <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-18-juin-2025">attribu&#233;</a> au Cambodge. En r&#233;ponse &#224; ces incidents, Bangkok a initi&#233; une s&#233;rie de frappes a&#233;riennes et de tirs d&#8217;artillerie contre des postes frontaliers cambodgiens et des localit&#233;s avoisinantes, auxquels le Cambodge a r&#233;pondu par des tirs de roquettes. Plus de 35 personnes ont &#233;t&#233; tu&#233;es lors des &#233;changes de tirs, qui ont &#233;galement entra&#238;n&#233; le d&#233;placement de 300 000 personnes des deux c&#244;t&#233;s de la fronti&#232;re.</p><p>Les dirigeants des deux pays ont finalement accept&#233; de se rencontrer &#224; Kuala Lumpur &#224; l&#8217;invitation du premier ministre malaisien, Anwar Ibrahim. Les n&#233;gociations ont abouti &#224; la <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/live/c93dy4g436nt">signature d'un accord de cessez-le-feu</a> le 28 juillet.</p><p>La Chine, qui jouit de bonnes relations avec les deux pays bellig&#233;rants - et n&#8217;avait certainement pas int&#233;r&#234;t &#224; voir le conflit s&#8217;&#233;tendre dans son voisinage direct - <a href="https://www.rusi.org/explore-our-research/publications/commentary/old-borders-new-battles-thailand-cambodia-and-unfinished-war">s&#8217;est propos&#233;e comme </a><em><a href="https://www.rusi.org/explore-our-research/publications/commentary/old-borders-new-battles-thailand-cambodia-and-unfinished-war">honest broker</a></em>. Le r&#244;le public des Etats-Unis (alli&#233;s de la Tha&#239;lande) dans la r&#233;solution du conflit s&#8217;est limit&#233; &#224; la <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/live/c93dy4g436nt">menace du pr&#233;sident Trump</a> de ne pas conclure d&#8217;accord sur les droits de douane sans accord de cessez-le-feu pr&#233;alable, mais la pr&#233;sence discr&#232;te d&#8217;envoy&#233;s am&#233;ricains lors des n&#233;gociations &#224; Kuala Lumpur semble sugg&#233;rer une implication plus marqu&#233;e.</p><p>Le cessez-le-feu n&#8217;est toutefois que la premi&#232;re &#233;tape d&#8217;un processus de paix qui s&#8217;annonce difficile. Aucun signe de rapprochement n&#8217;est pour l'instant visible - au contraire, <a href="https://darimulut.substack.com/p/a-rapper-and-a-coke-is-the-next-battleground">des mesures plus ou moins symboliques</a> de boycott <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/clyrx53zeg4o">attisent les sentiments nationalistes</a> de chaque c&#244;t&#233; de la fronti&#232;re et enflamment les r&#233;seaux sociaux o&#249; circulaient d&#233;j&#224;, avant le d&#233;but du conflit, <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/08/the-social-media-battle-between-thailand-and-cambodia/">insultes et appels &#224; la haine.</a></p><p>Sur le terrain, l&#8217;arm&#233;e tha&#239;landaise a de nouveau accus&#233; le Cambodge d&#8217;&#234;tre responsable d&#8217;un incident caus&#233; par une mine, qu&#8217;elle estime <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/08/another-thai-soldier-injured-by-landmine-along-cambodian-border-army-says/">&#234;tre un &#171; s&#233;rieux obstacle &#187;</a> aux pourparlers en cours.</p><h3><strong>Scandale de corruption massive aux Philippines</strong></h3><p>De retour de sa visite aux &#201;tats-Unis, le pr&#233;sident philippin s&#8217;est de nouveau pench&#233; sur les priorit&#233;s de politique int&#233;rieure, reconnaissant que <a href="https://www.ifri.org/fr/briefings/elections-de-mi-mandat-aux-philippines-la-guerre-des-clans-son-comble">le r&#233;sultat des &#233;lections de mi-mandat</a> devait servir de &#171; <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/philippines-marcos-says-midterms-a-wake-up-call-for-his-administration">wake-up call</a> &#187; &#224; son administration. Pendant son adresse annuelle &#224; la nation (SONA), Marcos a ainsi annonc&#233; l'extension des programmes sociaux existants, l&#8217;am&#233;lioration des services de base et projet&#233; une industrialisation accrue des Philippines.</p><p>Il s'est &#233;galement longuement pench&#233; sur l'affaire du moment : un scandale de corruption touchant le syst&#232;me de contr&#244;le des inondations dans lequel les pratiques d&#8217;organisations gouvernementales, d&#8217;acteurs du secteur priv&#233; et d&#8217;hommes et femmes politiques auraient permis le d&#233;tournement de presque 10 milliards de dollars pour des projets d&#233;fectueux, voire simplement inexistants.</p><p>Mais l'enqu&#234;te s&#233;natoriale promise pourrait &#234;tre compliqu&#233;e par <a href="https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/in-depth/senate-flood-projects-probe-impartial-political/">les liens suppos&#233;s</a> entre des s&#233;nateur&#183;ices et les entreprises mises en cause. Si on ajoute &#224; cela que les parlementaires impliqu&#233;&#183;es appartiennent autant au bloc pr&#233;sidentiel qu&#8217;&#224; celui des Duterte, les ingr&#233;dients d'une nouvelle instrumentalisation des affaires du pays par les deux camps paraissent r&#233;unis&#8230; d&#8217;autant plus que la d&#233;cision de la Cour Supr&#234;me <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/philippine-supreme-court-strikes-down-sara-duterte-impeachment">d'annuler la proc&#233;dure de destitution</a> de la vice-pr&#233;sidente Sara Duterte pour vice de forme a permis de redonner un peu d'oxyg&#232;ne aux Duterte, affaiblis apr&#232;s <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-16-mars-2025">l'arrestation de l'ancien pr&#233;sident</a> en mars.</p><h3><strong>Crise politique pass&#233;e ou &#224; venir en Tha&#239;lande ?</strong></h3><p>Anutin Charnvirakul est le nouveau premier ministre tha&#239;landais. Leader du parti conservateur <em>Bumjaithai</em>, il a &#233;t&#233; &#233;lu vendredi 5 septembre par les membres du parlement apr&#232;s avoir conclu une alliance contre nature avec le parti progressiste d&#8217;opposition <em>People&#8217;s Party</em>.</p><p>Rappelons-nous : l&#8217;ex-PM Paetongtarn Shinawatra <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-18-juin-2025">avait &#233;t&#233; temporairement &#233;cart&#233;e</a> de son poste d&#233;but juillet en attendant une d&#233;cision de la Cour constitutionnelle quant &#224; son aptitude &#224; exercer ces fonctions. La dirigeante avait &#233;t&#233; mise en cause apr&#232;s la fuite de sa conversation t&#233;l&#233;phonique avec Hun Sen, le p&#232;re de son homologue cambodgien, pour tenter de trouver une solution &#224; la crise frontali&#232;re.</p><p>La Cour a finalement <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/09/with-pms-removal-thailand-enters-another-phase-of-political-uncertainty/">rendu sa d&#233;cision</a> le 1er septembre, par laquelle elle ordonnait sans surprise la destitution de Shinawatra pour violation de ses devoirs &#233;thiques. L'int&#233;rim exerc&#233; par son second ayant pris fin avec la d&#233;cision de la Cour, le parlement a proc&#233;d&#233; comme pr&#233;vu &#224; la nomination d'un nouveau PM. Petit point de droit constitutionnel : le premier ministre devait &#234;tre choisi parmi les candidats enregistr&#233;s comme candidats &#224; ce poste avant les derni&#232;res &#233;lections g&#233;n&#233;rales, qui se sont tenues en mai 2023, et obtenir une majorit&#233; simple &#224; la Chambre des repr&#233;sentants, qui compte 500 si&#232;ges.</p><p>Une majorit&#233; pas si simple en r&#233;alit&#233;, sachant qu&#8217;aucun des trois principaux partis n&#8217;a assez de si&#232;ges pour r&#233;unir cette majorit&#233; sans s&#8217;allier avec au moins un autre parti. Le gouvernement actuel &#233;tait d&#251; &#224; une coalition entre le <em>Pheu Thai</em> des Shinawatra et le <em>Bumjaithai</em>. Pour obtenir la nomination de son candidat, ce dernier a non seulement abandonn&#233; son pr&#233;c&#233;dent alli&#233; mais a &#233;galement d&#251; promettre au <em>People&#8217;s Party</em> (tr&#232;s populaire dans les sondages, mais faisant face &#224; d&#8217;importants <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/elections-en-thailande-un-primer?utm_source=publication-search">obstacles l&#233;gaux et politiques</a> &#224; la Chambre haute) de <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/turbulent-thailand/thai-parliament-to-elect-paetongtarn-s-successor-today">demander la dissolution de la chambre basse</a> dans les quatre prochains mois. Le <em>Bumjaithai</em> tiendra-t-il sa promesse ? &#192; suivre&#8230;</p><h3><strong>Manifestations meurtri&#232;res en Indon&#233;sie</strong></h3><p>Je termine bri&#232;vement par les manifestations en Indon&#233;sie car les &#233;v&#233;nements sont toujours en cours. Je me contenterai ici d&#8217;un rappel chronologique des faits et de quelques pistes de r&#233;flexion &#224; approfondir une prochaine fois.</p><p>Depuis le 25 ao&#251;t, une s&#233;rie de manifestations rassemblant organisations &#233;tudiantes et syndicales se sont tenues devant le b&#226;timent du parlement (DPR) pour protester contre une d&#233;cision d&#8217;allocation logement mensuelle au profit des parlementaires. Mais les &#233;v&#233;nements ont pris une tournure plus radicale apr&#232;s que <a href="https://x.com/BBCIndonesia/status/1961001906840768993">la police a d&#233;ploy&#233;</a> des gaz lacrymog&#232;nes et des canons &#224; eau pour disperser la foule, puis dramatique apr&#232;s qu'un livreur &#224; moto de 21 ans, Affan Kurniawan, a &#233;t&#233; tu&#233; sous les roues d'un v&#233;hicule tactique d'un d&#233;tachement des brigades mobiles (BRIMOB) de la police nationale (POLRI).</p><p>Sa mort, film&#233;e en direct et dont les images ont &#233;t&#233; diffus&#233;es de fa&#231;on virale sur les r&#233;seaux sociaux, a provoqu&#233; un embrasement des manifestations dans plusieurs autres grandes villes du pays, donnant lieu &#224; des sc&#232;nes de destruction et de pillage ainsi qu'&#224; de nouveaux affrontements avec la police. L'organisation non-gouvernementale YLBHI <a href="https://www.tempo.co/hukum/ylbhi-1-042-orang-terluka-dan-10-tewas-dalam-demo-sepekan--2066040">d&#233;nombrait</a> 10 victimes au 1er septembre.</p><p>Les revendications des manifestants se sont progressivement structur&#233;es autour d&#8217;un <a href="https://www.tempo.co/politik/demonstrasi-gerakan-17-8-tuntutan-rakyat-2066523">appel pour 18+7 actions</a> lanc&#233; par des militants en ligne : 18 actions &#224; prendre imm&#233;diatement, comme &#233;tablir une commission d&#8217;enqu&#234;te ind&#233;pendante sur l&#8217;affaire Kurniawan, et 7 &#224; mener au cours des 12 prochains mois, dont le retrait des forces arm&#233;es de l&#8217;espace public, l'adoption de la loi sur la confiscation des biens et une r&#233;forme compl&#232;te de la police. Une <a href="https://www.google.com/search?client=safari&amp;rls=en&amp;q=Student+groups+met+two+senior+ministers+late+on+Thursday+to+press+their+complaints+after+more+than+a+week+of+sometimes+violent+protests+over+lawmakers%27+bonuses+and+police+tactics+used+against+demonstrators.+State+Secretary%C2%A0Prasetyo+Hadi%2C+one+of+the+ministers&amp;ie=UTF-8&amp;oe=UTF-8">d&#233;l&#233;gation &#233;tudiante</a> a &#233;t&#233; re&#231;ue vendredi 5 septembre par deux ministres mais n&#8217;a re&#231;u aucune garantie quant &#224; la prise en compte de leurs demandes.</p><p>La classe politique, et notamment le pr&#233;sident Prabowo Subianto, a pour l&#8217;instant r&#233;agi selon trois lignes principales :</p><ul><li><p>une <a href="https://www.tempo.co/politik/janji-janji-pemerintah-kepada-keluarga-affan-kurniawan-2065974">solidarit&#233; affich&#233;e</a> avec la famille d&#8217;Affan Kurniawan, mais sans engagement sur une r&#233;forme de la police ni sur des poursuites &#224; l&#8217;encontre des auteurs de sa mort.</p></li><li><p>la d&#233;nonciation d&#8217;&#233;l&#233;ments &#171; <a href="https://www.kompas.id/artikel/presiden-prabowo-instruksikan-tni-dan-polri-tindak-tegas-unjuk-rasa-anarkis?open_from=Search_Result_Page">anarchistes</a> &#187; (un &#233;l&#233;ment de langage h&#233;rit&#233; de la propagande anti-communiste du r&#233;gime autoritaire de l&#8217;Ordre nouveau) ou encore de la &#171; <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/prabowo-accuses-mafia-of-treason-in-indonesia-s-deadly-unrest">mafia</a> &#187; comme responsables des troubles &#224; l&#8217;ordre public.</p></li><li><p>tout en assurant que les demandes du peuple seraient entendues, la <a href="https://www.kompas.id/artikel/presiden-prabowo-aspirasi-masyarakat-akan-didengar-dicatat-dan-ditindaklanjuti?open_from=Kompas_Hari_Ini">r&#233;ponse apport&#233;e est pour l'instant exclusivement s&#233;curitaire</a> avec non seulement le renouvellement de la confiance pr&#233;sidentielle dans la hi&#233;rarchie de la police apr&#232;s la mort d&#8217;Affan, mais &#233;galement le d&#233;ploiement de militaires dans la capitale.</p></li></ul><p>Ces manifestations ne sont pas les premi&#232;res depuis le d&#233;but du mandat de Prabowo en octobre 2024 mais elles sont les plus importantes et certainement aussi les plus violentes. Elles posent de nombreuses questions : sur les aspirations de la soci&#233;t&#233; indon&#233;sienne, qui a vot&#233; en masse pour les programmes populistes et la figure de Prabowo, mais se trouve asphyxi&#233;e par la d&#233;gradation des conditions &#233;conomiques depuis le d&#233;but de son mandat ; sur la long&#233;vit&#233; de la supr&#233;matie civile face &#224; une arm&#233;e toujours plus pr&#233;sente dans les affaires du gouvernement ; sur la sant&#233; de la d&#233;mocratie indon&#233;sienne, alors que l&#8217;opposition civile fait face &#224; une puissante coalition d&#8217;int&#233;r&#234;ts entre les partis politiques.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-19-juillet-aout?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Partager&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;button-wrapper&quot;}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary button-wrapper" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-19-juillet-aout?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Partager</span></a></p><div><hr></div><h1>English version</h1><p>Dear readers,</p><p>I&#8217;m delighted to reconnect with you after a two-month summer break. I would like to kick off this new season with a recap&#8212;quite a dense one, as you can imagine&#8212;of the main events from July and August. On the agenda: more or less durable deals on U.S. tariffs, a fragile ceasefire between Cambodia and Thailand, the revelation of a massive corruption case in the Philippines, and, finally, two major political and social crises in Thailand and Indonesia.</p><p>Happy reading!</p><p>Juliette</p><p>PS: I&#8217;m taking this opportunity to share my article on rivalries in the South China Sea, published in the 2026 edition of <em>Ramses</em>. Among other things, I discuss the strategies of ASEAN states to protect their sovereign interests in a context made ever more volatile by the Trump 2.0 administration. Table of contents available on <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/feed/update/urn:li:activity:7369274941508202497/">Ifri&#8217;s website</a>. The volume is available in <a href="https://www.placedeslibraires.fr/livre/9782100882601-ramses-un-nouvel-echiquier-edition-2026-thierry-de-montbrial/">bookstores</a>.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T7X2!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbdbb600d-f7d7-4bf5-a45d-bbcba236c29d_680x382.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T7X2!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbdbb600d-f7d7-4bf5-a45d-bbcba236c29d_680x382.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T7X2!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbdbb600d-f7d7-4bf5-a45d-bbcba236c29d_680x382.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T7X2!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbdbb600d-f7d7-4bf5-a45d-bbcba236c29d_680x382.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T7X2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbdbb600d-f7d7-4bf5-a45d-bbcba236c29d_680x382.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T7X2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbdbb600d-f7d7-4bf5-a45d-bbcba236c29d_680x382.jpeg" width="680" height="382" 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https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T7X2!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbdbb600d-f7d7-4bf5-a45d-bbcba236c29d_680x382.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T7X2!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbdbb600d-f7d7-4bf5-a45d-bbcba236c29d_680x382.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T7X2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbdbb600d-f7d7-4bf5-a45d-bbcba236c29d_680x382.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonnez-vous maintenant&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;button-wrapper&quot;}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary button-wrapper" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Abonnez-vous maintenant</span></a></p><h3>Temporary deals on U.S. tariffs</h3><p>We&#8217;ll recall that <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-16-mars-2025">President Trump&#8217;s announcements in March</a> hit Southeast Asia very hard, prompting individual responses from each country, <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-17-avril-mai-2025">determined to negotiate</a> their access to the U.S. market&#8212;while opening up to other potential outlets.</p><p>Hanoi, whose economy depends heavily on exports to the United States, was the first to formalize an agreement with Washington, under which Vietnam <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/trump-says-he-has-struck-trade-deal-with-vietnam-2025-07-02/">will pay 20%</a> in tariffs on all goods entering U.S. territory and 40% on any transshipment&#8212;that is, goods transiting through Vietnam before their final destination. This measure significantly complicates business for companies that have partially relocated production to the country, including a good number of Chinese firms. Several authorities in Beijing <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/trade-war/trump-tariffs/us-vietnam-trade-deal-rekindles-china-tensions">opposed</a> the agreement, arguing that &#8220;treaties should neither target nor undermine the interests of a third party.&#8221;</p><p>The U.S.&#8211;Vietnam agreement, announced on July 3, narrowly spared Vietnam from being targeted by new American measures. On July 7, President Trump <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/fact-sheets/2025/07/fact-sheet-president-donald-j-trump-continues-enforcement-of-reciprocal-tariffs-and-announces-new-tariff-rates/">notified</a> several countries that they would be subject to new &#8220;reciprocal&#8221; tariffs as of August 1, including Cambodia (36%), Indonesia (32%), Laos (40%), Malaysia (25%), Myanmar (40%), the Philippines (20%), and Thailand (36%).</p><p>All of these countries&#8212;except Myanmar and Laos&#8212;managed to avoid the August 1 axe by securing last-minute deals of varying durability with the U.S. administration.</p><p>Indonesia thus obtained <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/trade-war/trump-tariffs/trump-says-indonesia-reciprocal-tariff-to-be-cut-to-19-in-trade-deal">a 19% rate</a> in exchange for its commitment to &#8220;purchase $15 billion in U.S. energy, $4.5 billion in U.S. agricultural products, and 50 Boeing aircraft,&#8221; according to President Trump. Indonesian authorities, however, <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/trade-war/trump-tariffs/indonesia-continues-negotiations-with-us-in-bid-for-zero-tariffs">indicated</a> that negotiations were ongoing and that Jakarta was seeking total tariff exemptions for certain products, including palm oil, coffee, cocoa, and nickel.</p><p>Philippine President Marcos Jr., for his part, secured a <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/trade-war/trump-tariffs/philippine-goods-face-19-tariff-us-exports-to-be-levy-free-trump">symbolic 1% reduction</a> (from 20% to 19%) during a visit to Washington&#8212;but this appears largely offset by new U.S. assurances regarding <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/08/renewed-presence-rising-tensions-trumps-south-china-sea-policy-is-taking-shape/">the deepening of the military alliance</a>between the two countries.</p><p><a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/07/further-modifying-the-reciprocal-tariff-rates/">Last-minute agreements</a> also allow Malaysia, Thailand, and Cambodia to benefit from the application of a 19% tariff rate.</p><h3>Fragile ceasefire between Thailand and Cambodia</h3><p>We left the two countries <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-18-juin-2025">in the midst of a crisis</a> after a skirmish in late May led to the death of a Cambodian officer, prompting Thailand to close its borders and sparking a number of retaliatory measures on both sides.</p><p>By mid-July, at least eight Thai soldiers suffered serious injuries after stepping on mines, which Thai authorities <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-18-juin-2025">attributed</a> to Cambodia. In response to these incidents, Bangkok launched a series of airstrikes and artillery fire against Cambodian border posts and nearby localities, to which Cambodia responded with rocket fire. More than 35 people were killed in the exchanges, which also displaced 300,000 people on both sides of the border.</p><p>The leaders of both countries eventually agreed to meet in Kuala Lumpur at the invitation of Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim. The negotiations resulted in the <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/live/c93dy4g436nt">signing of a ceasefire agreement</a> on July 28.</p><p>China, which enjoys good relations with both belligerents&#8212;and certainly had no interest in seeing the conflict spread in its immediate neighborhood&#8212;<a href="https://www.rusi.org/explore-our-research/publications/commentary/old-borders-new-battles-thailand-cambodia-and-unfinished-war">offered itself as an </a><em><a href="https://www.rusi.org/explore-our-research/publications/commentary/old-borders-new-battles-thailand-cambodia-and-unfinished-war">honest broker</a></em>. The public role of the United States (a Thai ally) in resolving the conflict was limited to <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/live/c93dy4g436nt">President Trump&#8217;s threat</a> not to conclude any tariff deals without a prior ceasefire, but the discreet presence of U.S. envoys at the Kuala Lumpur talks seems to suggest deeper involvement.</p><p>The ceasefire, however, is only the first step in what promises to be a difficult peace process. No sign of rapprochement is visible for the time being&#8212;on the contrary, <a href="https://darimulut.substack.com/p/a-rapper-and-a-coke-is-the-next-battleground">more or less symbolic measures</a> of boycott <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/clyrx53zeg4o">are fueling nationalist sentiment</a> on each side of the border and inflaming social media, where <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/08/the-social-media-battle-between-thailand-and-cambodia/">insults and calls to hatred</a> were already circulating before the conflict began.</p><p>On the ground, the Thai army has again accused Cambodia of responsibility for a mine incident, which it considers <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/08/another-thai-soldier-injured-by-landmine-along-cambodian-border-army-says/">a &#8220;serious obstacle&#8221;</a> to the ongoing talks.</p><h3>Massive corruption scandal in the Philippines</h3><p>Upon returning from his visit to the United States, the Philippine president once again turned to domestic priorities, acknowledging that <a href="https://www.ifri.org/fr/briefings/elections-de-mi-mandat-aux-philippines-la-guerre-des-clans-son-comble">the results of the midterm elections</a> should be a &#8220;<a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/philippines-marcos-says-midterms-a-wake-up-call-for-his-administration">wake-up call</a>&#8221; for his administration. In his annual State of the Nation Address (SONA), Marcos announced the expansion of existing social programs, improvements in basic services, and projected increased industrialization of the Philippines.</p><p>He also dwelled at length on the issue of the moment: a corruption scandal affecting the flood-control system, in which the practices of government organizations, private-sector actors, and politicians allegedly enabled the diversion of nearly $10 billion into defective or even simply non-existent projects.</p><p>But the promised Senate investigation could be complicated by <a href="https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/in-depth/senate-flood-projects-probe-impartial-political/">alleged links</a> between senators and the companies implicated. Adding to this the fact that the lawmakers involved belong both to the presidential bloc and to the Duterte camp, the ingredients for a new politicization of the country&#8217;s affairs by both sides seem to be in place&#8230; all the more so since the Supreme Court&#8217;s decision <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/philippine-supreme-court-strikes-down-sara-duterte-impeachment">to void the impeachment</a> of Vice President Sara Duterte on technical grounds has given the Dutertes&#8212;weakened after <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-16-mars-2025">the former president&#8217;s arrest</a> in March&#8212;a bit of breathing room.</p><h3>Political crisis past or to come in Thailand?</h3><p>Anutin Charnvirakul is Thailand&#8217;s new prime minister. Leader of the conservative <em>Bumjaithai</em> party, he was elected on Friday, September 5, by members of parliament after striking an unnatural alliance with the opposition progressive <em>People&#8217;s Party</em>.</p><p>Let&#8217;s recall: former PM Paetongtarn Shinawatra <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-18-juin-2025">was temporarily removed</a> from her post in early July pending a Constitutional Court decision on her fitness to serve. The leader was called into question after the leak of her phone conversation with Hun Sen, the father of her Cambodian counterpart, in an attempt to find a solution to the border crisis.</p><p>The Court eventually <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/09/with-pms-removal-thailand-enters-another-phase-of-political-uncertainty/">issued its ruling</a> on September 1, unsurprisingly ordering Shinawatra&#8217;s removal for breaching her ethical duties. With the interim served by her deputy ending upon the Court&#8217;s decision, parliament proceeded as planned to appoint a new PM. A brief constitutional note: the prime minister had to be chosen from among candidates registered for the post before the latest general elections, held in May 2023, and obtain a simple majority in the 500-seat House of Representatives.</p><p>A majority that is not so simple in reality, given that none of the three main parties has enough seats to secure it without allying with at least one other party. The previous government stemmed from a coalition between the Shinawatras&#8217; <em>Pheu Thai</em> and <em>Bumjaithai</em>. To secure the appointment of its candidate, the latter not only abandoned its previous ally but also had to promise the <em>People&#8217;s Party</em> (very popular in the polls, but facing significant <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/elections-en-thailande-un-primer?utm_source=publication-search">legal and political obstacles</a>in the upper house) to <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/turbulent-thailand/thai-parliament-to-elect-paetongtarn-s-successor-today">request the dissolution of the lower chamber</a> within four months. Will <em>Bumjaithai</em> keep its promise? To be continued&#8230;</p><h3>Deadly protests in Indonesia</h3><p>I&#8217;ll end briefly with the protests in Indonesia, as events are still ongoing. I will limit myself here to a chronological recap of the facts and a few avenues for reflection to be developed next time.</p><p>Since August 25, a series of demonstrations bringing together student and labor organizations has taken place in front of the parliament building (DPR) to protest a decision to grant MPs a monthly housing allowance. Events took a more radical turn after <a href="https://x.com/BBCIndonesia/status/1961001906840768993">the police deployed</a> tear gas and water cannons to disperse the crowd, and then a tragic turn when a 21-year-old motorcycle courier, Affan Kurniawan, was killed under the wheels of a tactical vehicle belonging to a Mobile Brigade (BRIMOB) detachment of the national police (POLRI).</p><p>His death, filmed live and whose images spread virally on social media, triggered an escalation of protests in several other major cities, leading to scenes of destruction and looting as well as renewed clashes with the police. The NGO YLBHI <a href="https://www.tempo.co/hukum/ylbhi-1-042-orang-terluka-dan-10-tewas-dalam-demo-sepekan--2066040">counted</a> 10 fatalities as of September 1.</p><p>Protesters&#8217; demands have gradually coalesced around a call for <a href="https://www.tempo.co/politik/demonstrasi-gerakan-17-8-tuntutan-rakyat-2066523">18+7 actions</a> launched by online activists: 18 actions to be taken immediately, such as establishing an independent commission of inquiry into the Kurniawan case, and 7 to be carried out over the next 12 months, including the withdrawal of the armed forces from public space, adoption of an asset-seizure law, and comprehensive police reform. A <a href="https://www.google.com/search?client=safari&amp;rls=en&amp;q=Student+groups+met+two+senior+ministers+late+on+Thursday+to+press+their+complaints+after+more+than+a+week+of+sometimes+violent+protests+over+lawmakers%27+bonuses+and+police+tactics+used+against+demonstrators.+State+Secretary%C2%A0Prasetyo+Hadi%2C+one+of+the+ministers&amp;ie=UTF-8&amp;oe=UTF-8">student delegation</a> was received on Friday, September 5, by two ministers but received no guarantees that their demands would be taken into account.</p><p>The political class, particularly President Prabowo Subianto, has so far reacted along three main lines:</p><ul><li><p><a href="https://www.tempo.co/politik/janji-janji-pemerintah-kepada-keluarga-affan-kurniawan-2065974">Displayed solidarity</a> with Affan Kurniawan&#8217;s family, but with no commitment to police reform or to prosecuting those responsible for his death.</p></li><li><p>Denouncing &#8220;<a href="https://www.kompas.id/artikel/presiden-prabowo-instruksikan-tni-dan-polri-tindak-tegas-unjuk-rasa-anarkis?open_from=Search_Result_Page">anarchist</a>&#8221; elements (a phrase inherited from the anti-communist propaganda of the authoritarian New Order regime) or the &#8220;<a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/politics/prabowo-accuses-mafia-of-treason-in-indonesia-s-deadly-unrest">mafia</a>&#8221; as responsible for disturbances to public order.</p></li><li><p>While assuring that the people&#8217;s demands would be heard, <a href="https://www.kompas.id/artikel/presiden-prabowo-aspirasi-masyarakat-akan-didengar-dicatat-dan-ditindaklanjuti?open_from=Kompas_Hari_Ini">the response so far is exclusively security-focused</a>, with not only renewed presidential confidence in the police leadership after Affan&#8217;s death, but also the deployment of military forces in the capital.</p></li></ul><p>These protests are not the first since Prabowo&#8217;s term began in October 2024, but they are the largest and certainly the most violent. They raise many questions: about the aspirations of Indonesian society, which voted en masse for Prabowo&#8217;s populist programs yet finds itself suffocated by worsening economic conditions since the start of his term; about the durability of civilian supremacy in the face of a military ever more present in government affairs; and about the health of Indonesian democracy, as the civil opposition confronts a powerful coalition of party interests.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-19-juillet-aout?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Partager&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;button-wrapper&quot;}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary button-wrapper" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-19-juillet-aout?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Partager</span></a></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Fresh Mango Juice #18 (juin 2025)]]></title><description><![CDATA[Crise politique en Tha&#239;lande, silver lining pour Sara Duterte et la suite des voyages de Prabowo Subianto]]></description><link>https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-18-juin-2025</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-18-juin-2025</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Juliette Loesch]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Tue, 08 Jul 2025 06:01:01 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lQ3v!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b9ebc6d-12e2-46ca-8ac2-0c0acd0f049b_256x256.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Vous &#234;tes sur <em><strong>Fresh Mango Juice</strong></em>, la revue de presse (aussi) mensuelle (que possible) de <em><strong><a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/">Durian Stories</a></strong></em>, une newsletter d'actualit&#233;s politiques et internationales sur l'Asie du Sud-Est. <strong>English version below</strong>.</p><p>(1308 mots, environ 8 min de lecture)</p><p>&#8212;</p><p>Ch&#232;res lectrices, chers lecteurs,</p><p>La Tha&#239;lande est au c&#339;ur de l&#8217;actualit&#233; du mois de juin, o&#249; un conflit frontalier ancien avec le Cambodge a d&#233;g&#233;n&#233;r&#233; en crise politique majeure. Tentative bien &#233;tonnante du pouvoir cambodgien d&#8217;interf&#233;rer dans les affaires int&#233;rieures de sa voisine ou machination de l&#8217;arm&#233;e tha&#239;landaise pour affaiblir le parti rival des Shinawatra ? Face aux multiples interpr&#233;tations possibles (et non mutuellement exclusives), on se contentera pour l&#8217;instant de d&#233;m&#234;ler la chronologie de la crise.</p><p>&#192; suivre : des nouvelles du proc&#232;s d&#8217;impeachment de Sara Duterte (Philippines) et la diplomatie toujours plus libre et active du pr&#233;sident Prabowo (Indon&#233;sie).</p><p>Bonne lecture !</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonnez-vous maintenant&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Abonnez-vous maintenant</span></a></p><p>Le 28 mai, un soldat cambodgien a &#233;t&#233; <a href="https://www.dw.com/en/cambodian-soldier-killed-in-clash-with-thai-army/a-72700404">tu&#233;</a> lors d&#8217;un affrontement opposant les forces du royaume &#224; celles de la Tha&#239;lande voisine. L'incident aurait &#233;t&#233; provoqu&#233;, selon l&#8217;arm&#233;e cambodgienne, par une attaque tha&#239;landaise lors d&#8217;une patrouille de routine le long de la fronti&#232;re.</p><p>La situation a rapidement d&#233;g&#233;n&#233;r&#233;, en l&#8217;absence d&#8217;accord sur la m&#233;thode pour g&#233;rer le conflit. Alors que le Cambodge se r&#233;f&#232;re syst&#233;matiquement aux d&#233;cisions de la Cour internationale de Justice, le gouvernement tha&#239;landais appelle &#224; une <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/International-relations/Cambodia-Thailand-confirm-forces-to-resume-previous-border-positions">r&#233;solution bilat&#233;rale</a> de leur diff&#233;rend. Pour rappel, Bangkok conteste la souverainet&#233; cambodgienne sur le territoire situ&#233; autour du temple de Preah Vihear, en d&#233;pit d&#8217;une <a href="https://news.un.org/fr/story/2013/11/278042">d&#233;cision</a> de la CIJ de 1962, r&#233;affirm&#233;e en 2013, en faveur du Cambodge.</p><p>Le pouvoir tha&#239;landais lui-m&#234;me appara&#238;t divis&#233; quant &#224; la conduite &#224; tenir : l&#8217;arm&#233;e, qui <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/general/3043466/thai-military-prepared-for-high-level-operation-if-cambodia-border-row-escalates">alerte</a> contre les efforts cambodgiens visant &#224; renforcer leurs capacit&#233;s op&#233;rationnelles &#224; la fronti&#232;re, semble vouloir maintenir une pression maximale, en d&#233;pit des appels du gouvernement civil &#224; privil&#233;gier une solution diplomatique.</p><p>Du 13 au 24 juin, la dispute s'est donc progressivement &#233;tendue &#224; d&#8217;autres domaines de la relation bilat&#233;rale, avec la <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/06/thailand-closes-most-border-crossings-with-cambodia-as-dispute-escalates/">fermeture partielle</a> de la fronti&#232;re, le <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/International-relations/Cambodia-severs-internet-from-Thailand-closes-border-post">blocage</a> des connexions Internet et &#233;lectriques entre les deux pays et, du c&#244;t&#233; cambodgien, l&#8217;arr&#234;t des <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/International-relations/Cambodia-severs-internet-from-Thailand-closes-border-post">importations</a> de produits alimentaires et culturels en provenance de Tha&#239;lande.</p><p>Prise entre l&#8217;escalade avec le Cambodge et les pressions de sa propre arm&#233;e, la Premi&#232;re ministre tha&#239;landaise Paetongtarn Shinawatra s&#8217;est entretenue directement avec l&#8217;ancien Premier ministre cambodgien (et p&#232;re de l&#8217;actuel), Hun Sen, en vue de trouver une issue &#224; la crise. Une initiative qu'elle a certainement regrett&#233; apr&#232;s que celui-ci a post&#233; <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Video/Audio-Leaked-phone-call-that-led-to-Thai-PM-Paetongtarn-s-suspension">l&#8217;enregistrement audio</a> de leur conversation sur son compte Facebook, dans laquelle Paetongtarn demande &#224; son &#171; oncle &#187; Hun Sen de ne pas &#233;couter &#171; le camp oppos&#233; &#187;, notamment &#171; le g&#233;n&#233;ral en charge de la seconde r&#233;gion &#187;.</p><p>La fuite de l&#8217;enregistrement a imm&#233;diatement d&#233;clench&#233; les <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/Turbulent-Thailand/Thailand-s-prime-minister-in-hot-water-over-leaked-audio-5-things-to-know">reproches</a> de l&#8217;ensemble de la classe politique, provoquant le d&#233;part du <em>Bumjaithai</em> (parti conservateur associ&#233; &#224; l&#8217;arm&#233;e et &#224; la monarchie) de la coalition gouvernementale. Le principal parti d&#8217;opposition, le <em>People&#8217;s Party</em>, a quant &#224; lui appel&#233; &#224; dissoudre la chambre basse.</p><p>D&#233;j&#224; fragilis&#233; au sein de la coalition, le Pheu Thai a re&#231;u un coup qui pourrait lui &#234;tre fatal lorsque la Cour constitutionnelle a d&#233;cid&#233;, le 1er juillet, de suspendre la Premi&#232;re ministre de ses fonctions, le temps d&#8217;examiner une p&#233;tition d&#233;pos&#233;e par 36 s&#233;nateurs &#8212; le S&#233;nat est structurellement domin&#233; par des &#233;l&#233;ments conservateurs &#8212; contre Paetongtarn, qui aurait montr&#233; &#171; un manque de responsabilit&#233; et d&#8217;int&#233;grit&#233;, et mis en p&#233;ril la souverainet&#233; du pays &#187;.</p><p>Le vice-PM et ministre de l&#8217;int&#233;rieur, Phumtham Wechayachai, issu du Pheu Thai, g&#232;rera les affaires courantes jusqu'&#224; la d&#233;cision finale de la cour. Paetongtarn reste membre du gouvernement, o&#249; elle a pris le r&#244;le de <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/Turbulent-Thailand/Thai-court-suspends-Paetongtarn-Shinawatra-over-leaked-phone-call">ministre de la Culture</a>.</p><p>&#8212;</p><p>Aux Philippines, les perspectives semblent s&#8217;am&#233;liorer pour la vice-pr&#233;sidente Sara Duterte apr&#232;s que le S&#233;nat a <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/Philippine-Senate-vote-plunges-Sara-Duterte-trial-into-turmoil">renvoy&#233;</a>, par 18 voix contre 5, la d&#233;cision d&#8217;impeachment &#224; la Chambre des repr&#233;sentants pour un nouvel examen. La chambre basse doit confirmer qu&#8217;elle souhaite poursuivre le proc&#232;s et, le cas &#233;ch&#233;ant, apporter la preuve que la proc&#233;dure constitutionnelle a bien &#233;t&#233; respect&#233;e. Si les poursuites ne sont pas (encore) abandonn&#233;es, l&#8217;&#233;volution de la situation semble donner raison &#224; Sara Duterte, qui avait refus&#233; de d&#233;missionner en amont du proc&#232;s pour &#233;viter une condamnation qui l'aurait rendue in&#233;ligible &#224; vie. Le succ&#232;s relatif de sa liste aux <a href="https://www.ifri.org/fr/briefings/elections-de-mi-mandat-aux-philippines-la-guerre-des-clans-son-comble">s&#233;natoriales</a> n&#8217;est certainement pas &#233;tranger &#224; ce revirement, d&#8217;autant que Marcos, en <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/05/philippine-president-marcos-reshuffles-cabinet-after-midterm-polls/">remaniant son cabinet</a> &#224; la suite des &#233;lections, semble avoir entrepris un s&#233;rieux travail de consolidation de sa majorit&#233;, en la purgeant au besoin des &#233;l&#233;ments trop radicalement oppos&#233;s aux Duterte.</p><p>&#8212;</p><p>Pr&#233;f&#233;rer une rencontre avec Vladimir Poutine plut&#244;t qu&#8217;une invitation au G7, voil&#224; qui &#233;claire autant sur les priorit&#233;s de la politique ext&#233;rieure indon&#233;sienne que sur la restructuration de l&#8217;ordre international.</p><p>Le pr&#233;sident Prabowo &#233;tait donc &#224; Moscou ce mois-ci, o&#249; il a <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/6/19/russia-indonesia-deepen-ties-as-putin-and-prabowo-meet-in-st-petersburg">sign&#233;</a> avec son homologue russe une &#171; d&#233;claration sur un partenariat strat&#233;gique &#187;, pendant que son ministre des Affaires &#233;trang&#232;res <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/indonesias-prabowo-hold-talks-with-putin-this-week-eyes-strategic-partnership-2025-06-17/">r&#233;it&#233;rait</a> l&#8217;importance strat&#233;gique de la relation avec la Russie. C&#244;t&#233; russe, l&#8217;agence de presse officielle TASS <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/indonesias-prabowo-hold-talks-with-putin-this-week-eyes-strategic-partnership-2025-06-17/">soulignait</a> la proximit&#233;, voire l&#8217;alignement, entre les deux pays et les deux leaders. Apr&#232;s la mise en sc&#232;ne de son <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&amp;source=web&amp;rct=j&amp;opi=89978449&amp;url=https://durianstories.substack.com/p/visite-du-president-macron-en-asie&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjJk4zUu6qOAxVvLPsDHeXFIG4QFnoECBoQAQ&amp;usg=AOvVaw3CQztdBaXBRu5ULS3LHwIQ">amiti&#233; avec Macron</a>, Prabowo incarne, plus qu&#8217;aucun de ses pr&#233;d&#233;cesseurs, le slogan des &#171; mille amis, z&#233;ro ennemi. &#187;</p><p>Concr&#232;tement, ce d&#233;placement a surtout permis de <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/06/indonesia-to-sign-fta-with-russia-dominated-union-this-year-minister-says/">finaliser</a> les n&#233;gociations sur l&#8217;accord de libre-&#233;change entre l&#8217;Indon&#233;sie et l&#8217;Union &#233;conomique eurasiatique, entam&#233;es en 2022.</p><p>La visite en Russie s&#8217;inscrit par ailleurs dans une s&#233;quence diplomatique particuli&#232;rement dense, rythm&#233;e par les rencontres de Prabowo avec ses homologues <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/06/anwar-prabowo-call-for-middle-east-peace-pledge-joint-development-of-disputed-maritime-area/">malaisien</a> (fin mai), <a href="https://www.mfa.gov.sg/Newsroom/Press-Statements-Transcripts-and-Photos/2025/06/State-Visit-by-President-of-the-Republic-of-Indonesia-Prabowo-Subianto">singapourien</a> (d&#233;but juin) et <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/International-relations/Indonesia-Saudi-Arabia-unveil-27bn-plan-to-boost-ties-in-all-fields">saoudien</a> (d&#233;but juillet), et dont le fil rouge semble l'approfondissement des partenariats &#171; sud-sud &#187;, dans la parfaite continuit&#233; de l&#8217;<a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/lindonesie-adhere-aux-brics">adh&#233;sion aux BRICS</a> en d&#233;but d&#8217;ann&#233;e.</p><p><strong>En bref</strong></p><ul><li><p>Le 28 mai, l&#8217;ASEAN a tenu son premier sommet trilat&#233;ral avec la Chine et les six pays du Conseil de coop&#233;ration du Golfe (CCG). La <a href="https://asean.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Final-Joint-Statement-of-the-ASEAN-GCC-China-Summit-27-May-2025.pdf">d&#233;claration conjointe</a> a soulign&#233; le r&#244;le essentiel de la Chine dans la promotion de la paix et du d&#233;veloppement, et a mis en avant la coop&#233;ration renforc&#233;e dans le cadre des Nouvelles routes de la soie, notamment via des corridors logistiques et des plateformes num&#233;riques.</p></li><li><p>Le 2 juin 2025, la junte militaire du Myanmar a <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/06/myanmar-military-extends-earthquake-ceasefire-following-asean-request/">prolong&#233;</a> un cessez-le-feu temporaire afin de faciliter les op&#233;rations de secours et de reconstruction apr&#232;s le s&#233;isme, en r&#233;ponse &#224; une demande formul&#233;e par l&#8217;ASEAN lors de son dernier sommet. Le gouvernement d&#8217;unit&#233; nationale (NUG) a toutefois d&#233;nonc&#233; la poursuite des attaques contre les civils, affirmant que <a href="https://english.shannews.org/archives/28116">pr&#232;s de 300 civils</a> ont &#233;t&#233; tu&#233;s dans des frappes a&#233;riennes durant la p&#233;riode de tr&#234;ve.</p></li><li><p>Le 3 juin 2025, les Philippines ont <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/06/eu-philippines-to-establish-dialogue-on-defense-and-security-issues/">annonc&#233;</a> la mise en place d&#8217;un dialogue officiel sur la s&#233;curit&#233; et la d&#233;fense avec l&#8217;Union europ&#233;enne &#224; l&#8217;occasion d&#8217;une rencontre avec la cheffe de la diplomatie europ&#233;enne, Kaja Kallas.</p></li><li><p>Le gouvernement indon&#233;sien a <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/06/indonesia-cancels-4-nickel-mining-licenses-after-environmental-outcry/">r&#233;voqu&#233;</a> les licences de quatre soci&#233;t&#233;s mini&#232;res de nickel op&#233;rant dans l&#8217;archipel de Raja Ampat, officiellement en raison de violations environnementales. Seule l&#8217;entreprise publique Gag Nikel conserve son permis, car elle exploite un site en dehors du g&#233;oparc prot&#233;g&#233;. Parall&#232;lement, les autorit&#233;s ont <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/06/indonesia-to-punish-companies-for-environmental-violations-at-sulawesi-industrial-park/">annonc&#233;</a> des sanctions contre plusieurs entreprises du parc industriel g&#233;ant d&#8217;IMIP, &#224; Sulawesi, apr&#232;s avoir constat&#233; de graves atteintes &#224; l&#8217;environnement. Ce complexe, contr&#244;l&#233; par le groupe chinois Tsingshan et employant plus de 100 000 personnes, concentre une part importante de la transformation du nickel indon&#233;sien, essentiel &#224; la production d&#8217;acier inoxydable et de batteries pour v&#233;hicules &#233;lectriques.</p></li><li><p>L&#8217;Indon&#233;sie semble engag&#233;e dans une v&#233;ritable course &#224; l&#8217;&#233;chalote pour la modernisation de sa flotte a&#233;rienne. Le vice-mindef a annonc&#233; que son minist&#232;re <a href="https://www.reuters.com/markets/emerging/indonesia-weighing-purchase-chinas-j-10-fighter-jets-2025-06-04/">&#233;valuait</a> actuellement l&#8217;achat de chasseurs J-10 chinois, r&#233;put&#233;s pour leur prix comp&#233;titif et leurs performances, r&#233;cemment d&#233;montr&#233;es lors des affrontements indo-pakistanais, o&#249; ils ont abattu deux avions indiens, dont un Rafale. Parall&#232;lement, le pr&#233;sident turc Erdogan a annonc&#233; que la Turquie <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/Defense/Turkey-to-export-48-homegrown-fighter-jets-to-Indonesia-Erdogan-says">exporterait</a> 48 chasseurs KAAN &#224; l&#8217;Indon&#233;sie dans le cadre d&#8217;un partenariat impliquant production conjointe et transfert de technologie. Enfin, Jakarta a sign&#233; le mois dernier une <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/Defense/Indonesia-and-France-set-up-defense-agreement-for-fighter-jets-submarines">lettre d&#8217;intention</a> avec la France visant &#224; renforcer leur coop&#233;ration en mati&#232;re de d&#233;fense, incluant notamment l&#8217;acquisition de nouveaux Rafale.</p></li></ul><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-18-juin-2025?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Partager&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-18-juin-2025?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Partager</span></a></p><div><hr></div><p>Dear readers,</p><p>Thailand has been at the center of June&#8217;s news, as a longstanding border conflict with Cambodia has escalated into a major political crisis. Is it a surprising attempt by the Cambodian authorities to interfere in their neighbor&#8217;s domestic affairs, or a machination by the Thai army to weaken the rival Shinawatra party? Faced with multiple (and not mutually exclusive) interpretations, we will, for now, focus on untangling the chronology of the crisis.</p><p>Coming up next: updates on the impeachment trial of Sara Duterte (Philippines) and the increasingly assertive diplomacy of President Prabowo (Indonesia).</p><p>Enjoy your reading!</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonnez-vous maintenant&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Abonnez-vous maintenant</span></a></p><p>On May 28, a Cambodian soldier was <a href="https://www.dw.com/en/cambodian-soldier-killed-in-clash-with-thai-army/a-72700404">killed</a> in a clash between the kingdom&#8217;s forces and those of neighboring Thailand. According to the Cambodian army, the incident was triggered by a Thai attack during a routine patrol along the border.</p><p>The situation quickly deteriorated, in the absence of an agreement on how to manage the conflict. While Cambodia systematically refers to the rulings of the International Court of Justice, the Thai government calls for a <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/International-relations/Cambodia-Thailand-confirm-forces-to-resume-previous-border-positions">bilateral resolution</a> of their dispute. For context, Bangkok contests Cambodia&#8217;s sovereignty over the territory surrounding the Preah Vihear temple, despite a <a href="https://news.un.org/fr/story/2013/11/278042">1962 ICJ ruling</a>, reaffirmed in 2013, in Cambodia&#8217;s favor.</p><p>The Thai authorities themselves appear divided over what course to follow: the army, which <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/general/3043466/thai-military-prepared-for-high-level-operation-if-cambodia-border-row-escalates">warns</a> about Cambodian efforts to strengthen their operational capacities at the border, seems determined to maintain maximum pressure, despite calls from the civilian government to prioritize a diplomatic solution.</p><p>From June 13 to 24, the dispute gradually extended to other areas of bilateral relations, with the <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/06/thailand-closes-most-border-crossings-with-cambodia-as-dispute-escalates/">partial closure</a> of the border, the <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/International-relations/Cambodia-severs-internet-from-Thailand-closes-border-post">blocking</a> of internet and electricity connections between the two countries, and, on the Cambodian side, the suspension of <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/International-relations/Cambodia-severs-internet-from-Thailand-closes-border-post">imports</a> of food and cultural products from Thailand.</p><p>Caught between the escalation with Cambodia and pressure from her own army, Thai Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra held direct talks with former Cambodian Prime Minister (and father of the current one), Hun Sen, to try to find a way out of the crisis. An initiative she must have regretted after he posted the <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Video/Audio-Leaked-phone-call-that-led-to-Thai-PM-Paetongtarn-s-suspension">audio recording</a> of their conversation on his Facebook account, in which Paetongtarn asked her &#8220;uncle&#8221; Hun Sen not to listen to &#8220;the opposing camp,&#8221; especially &#8220;the general in charge of the second region.&#8221;</p><p>The leak of the recording immediately triggered <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/Turbulent-Thailand/Thailand-s-prime-minister-in-hot-water-over-leaked-audio-5-things-to-know">criticism</a> from across the political spectrum, prompting the _Bumjaithai_party (a conservative group close to the army and monarchy) to leave the governing coalition. The main opposition party, the <em>People&#8217;s Party</em>, meanwhile called for the dissolution of the lower house.</p><p>Already weakened within the coalition, Pheu Thai received a potentially fatal blow when the Constitutional Court decided on July 1 to suspend the Prime Minister pending examination of a petition filed by 36 senators&#8212; the Senate is structurally dominated by conservative elements&#8212;accusing Paetongtarn of having shown &#8220;a lack of responsibility and integrity, endangering the country&#8217;s sovereignty.&#8221;</p><p>Deputy Prime Minister Suriya Juangroongruangkit, from Pheu Thai, will handle current affairs until the court&#8217;s final decision. Paetongtarn remains a member of the government, where she has taken on the role of <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/Turbulent-Thailand/Thai-court-suspends-Paetongtarn-Shinawatra-over-leaked-phone-call">Minister of Culture</a>.</p><p>&#8212;</p><p>In the Philippines, prospects seem to be improving for Vice President Sara Duterte after the Senate <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/Philippine-Senate-vote-plunges-Sara-Duterte-trial-into-turmoil">referred</a> the impeachment decision back to the House of Representatives for further review by a vote of 18 to 5. The lower house must confirm its intention to proceed with the trial and, if so, provide evidence that the constitutional process has been properly followed. While proceedings have not (yet) been dropped, the development seems to vindicate Sara Duterte, who had refused to resign ahead of the trial to avoid a conviction that would have made her permanently ineligible for office. The relative success of her slate in the <a href="https://www.ifri.org/fr/briefings/elections-de-mi-mandat-aux-philippines-la-guerre-des-clans-son-comble">senatorial elections</a> has certainly played a part in this reversal, especially since Marcos, by <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/05/philippine-president-marcos-reshuffles-cabinet-after-midterm-polls/">reshuffling his cabinet</a> after the elections, appears to be consolidating his majority by purging elements too radically opposed to Duterte.</p><p>&#8212;</p><p>Choosing a meeting with Vladimir Putin over an invitation to the G7 says much about Indonesia&#8217;s foreign policy priorities&#8212;and about the restructuring of the international order.</p><p>President Prabowo was in Moscow this month, where he <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/6/19/russia-indonesia-deepen-ties-as-putin-and-prabowo-meet-in-st-petersburg">signed</a> a &#8220;declaration on a strategic partnership&#8221; with his Russian counterpart, while his foreign minister <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/indonesias-prabowo-hold-talks-with-putin-this-week-eyes-strategic-partnership-2025-06-17/">reiterated</a> the strategic importance of the relationship with Russia. On the Russian side, the official TASS news agency <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/indonesias-prabowo-hold-talks-with-putin-this-week-eyes-strategic-partnership-2025-06-17/">emphasized</a> the closeness, even alignment, between the two countries and their leaders. After showcasing his <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/visite-du-president-macron-en-asie">friendship with Macron</a>, Prabowo embodies, more than any of his predecessors, the slogan of &#8220;a thousand friends, zero enemies.&#8221;</p><p>In practical terms, the trip mainly served to <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/06/indonesia-to-sign-fta-with-russia-dominated-union-this-year-minister-says/">finalize</a> negotiations on a free trade agreement between Indonesia and the Russia-led Eurasian Economic Union, launched in 2022.</p><p>The visit to Russia is also part of an especially busy diplomatic schedule, punctuated by Prabowo&#8217;s meetings with his <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/06/anwar-prabowo-call-for-middle-east-peace-pledge-joint-development-of-disputed-maritime-area/">Malaysian</a> (late May), <a href="https://www.mfa.gov.sg/Newsroom/Press-Statements-Transcripts-and-Photos/2025/06/State-Visit-by-President-of-the-Republic-of-Indonesia-Prabowo-Subianto">Singaporean</a> (early June), and <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/International-relations/Indonesia-Saudi-Arabia-unveil-27bn-plan-to-boost-ties-in-all-fields">Saudi</a> (early July) counterparts, all reflecting a drive to deepen &#8220;South-South&#8221; partnerships in perfect continuity with Indonesia&#8217;s <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/lindonesie-adhere-aux-brics">BRICS membership</a> at the start of the year.</p><p><strong>In brief</strong></p><ul><li><p>On May 28, ASEAN held its first trilateral summit with China and the six Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. The <a href="https://asean.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Final-Joint-Statement-of-the-ASEAN-GCC-China-Summit-27-May-2025.pdf">joint statement</a> emphasized China&#8217;s crucial role in promoting peace and development and highlighted enhanced cooperation through the Belt and Road Initiative, notably via logistics corridors and digital platforms.</p></li><li><p>On June 2, 2025, Myanmar&#8217;s military junta <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/06/myanmar-military-extends-earthquake-ceasefire-following-asean-request/">extended</a> a temporary ceasefire to facilitate relief and reconstruction operations after the earthquake, responding to an ASEAN request at the latest summit. However, the National Unity Government (NUG) denounced continued attacks against civilians, claiming that <a href="https://english.shannews.org/archives/28116">nearly 300 civilians</a> were killed in air strikes during the ceasefire.</p></li><li><p>On June 3, 2025, the Philippines <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/06/eu-philippines-to-establish-dialogue-on-defense-and-security-issues/">announced</a> the launch of an official dialogue on defense and security with the European Union during a meeting with EU foreign policy chief Kaja Kallas.</p></li><li><p>The Indonesian government <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/06/indonesia-cancels-4-nickel-mining-licenses-after-environmental-outcry/">revoked</a> the licenses of four nickel mining companies operating in the Raja Ampat archipelago, officially due to environmental violations. Only the state-owned Gag Nikel retained its permit, as it operates outside the protected geopark. At the same time, authorities <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/06/indonesia-to-punish-companies-for-environmental-violations-at-sulawesi-industrial-park/">announced</a> sanctions against several firms in the giant IMIP industrial park in Sulawesi after uncovering severe environmental damage. This complex, controlled by China&#8217;s Tsingshan Group and employing over 100,000 people, concentrates a major share of Indonesia&#8217;s nickel processing, essential for stainless steel and electric vehicle battery production.</p></li><li><p>Indonesia appears to be racing to modernize its air fleet. The deputy defense minister announced that his ministry is <a href="https://www.reuters.com/markets/emerging/indonesia-weighing-purchase-chinas-j-10-fighter-jets-2025-06-04/">evaluating</a> the purchase of Chinese J-10 fighters, known for their competitive price and capabilities, recently demonstrated in the India-Pakistan clashes where they shot down two Indian aircraft, including a Rafale. Meanwhile, Turkish President Erdogan announced that Turkey would <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/Defense/Turkey-to-export-48-homegrown-fighter-jets-to-Indonesia-Erdogan-says">export</a> 48 KAAN fighters to Indonesia as part of a partnership involving joint production and technology transfer. Finally, Jakarta last month signed a <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/Defense/Indonesia-and-France-set-up-defense-agreement-for-fighter-jets-submarines">letter of intent</a> with France to boost defense cooperation, notably including the acquisition of new Rafales.</p></li></ul><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-18-juin-2025?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Partager&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-18-juin-2025?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Partager</span></a></p><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Visite du président Macron en Asie... qu'en dit la presse sud-est asiatique ? ]]></title><description><![CDATA[Une couverture m&#233;diatique plut&#244;t positive de la visite du pr&#233;sident fran&#231;ais... quand elle existe]]></description><link>https://durianstories.substack.com/p/visite-du-president-macron-en-asie</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://durianstories.substack.com/p/visite-du-president-macron-en-asie</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Juliette Loesch]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Tue, 17 Jun 2025 06:01:49 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b9ebc6d-12e2-46ca-8ac2-0c0acd0f049b_256x256.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Ch&#232;res lectrices, chers lecteurs,</p><p>Si vous &#234;tes abonn&#233;&#183;es &#224; cette newsletter, vous savez d&#233;j&#224; s&#251;rement que le pr&#233;sident fran&#231;ais Emmanuel Macron s&#8217;est rendu en Asie du Sud-Est du 26 au 31 mai, o&#249; il s'est arr&#234;t&#233; au Vietnam avant de rallier l&#8217;Indon&#233;sie et, enfin, Singapour afin, entre autres, de d&#233;livrer le <em>keynote speech</em> du forum de <em>Shangri-La</em> sur la s&#233;curit&#233; r&#233;gionale.</p><p>J'ai d&#233;j&#224; &#233;voqu&#233; pour <a href="https://www.france24.com/fr/%C3%A9missions/parlons-en-les-invit%C3%A9s/20250526-macron-en-asie-un-pari-sur-l-avenir-parlons-en-avec-d-camroux-j-f-di-meglio-et-j-loesch">&#8594; France 24 les enjeux de ce voyage</a>. Pour une analyse approfondie de ses retomb&#233;es, je ne peux que vous recommander la lecture des articles publi&#233;s par mes coll&#232;gues de l&#8217;Ifri, &#8594; <a href="https://www.ifri.org/fr/editoriaux/le-president-macron-au-shangri-la-dialogue-lautonomie-strategique-lepreuve-de-la-realite">C&#233;line Pajon</a> et &#8594; <a href="https://www.ifri.org/fr/briefings/tournee-du-president-emmanuel-macron-en-asie-du-sud-est-lambition-dun-partenariat-nouveau">Sophie Boisseau du Rocher</a>. C&#233;line se concentre sur l&#8217;intervention du pr&#233;sident au Shangri-La, o&#249; elle note qu&#8217;&#171; Emmanuel Macron a cherch&#233; &#224; repositionner la France &#8211; et, au-del&#224;, l&#8217;Europe &#8211; dans une r&#233;gion centrale de l&#8217;Indo-Pacifique, tout en y inscrivant sa lecture des &#233;quilibres mondiaux en mutation. &#187; Sophie se penche quant &#224; elle sur ce que ces visites signifient pour les relations de la France avec l&#8217;Asie du Sud-Est (et l&#8217;ASEAN !).</p><p>Je vous propose pour ma part de passer de l&#8217;autre c&#244;t&#233; du miroir en s&#8217;int&#233;ressant &#224; la fa&#231;on dont les quotidiens des trois pays visit&#233;s ont couvert ces visites (spoiler : on n&#8217;y parle pas de la gifle).</p><p>Bonne lecture !</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonnez-vous maintenant&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Abonnez-vous maintenant</span></a></p><h3><strong>Vietnam</strong></h3><p>Sans surprise, les m&#233;dias d&#8217;&#201;tat vietnamiens se contentent de rapporter le d&#233;roul&#233; de la visite et reprennent presque mot pour mot les &#233;l&#233;ments de langage issus des d&#233;clarations conjointes et conf&#233;rences de presse.</p><p>Maigre aper&#231;u des "coulisses" de cette visite, <em>Le Courrier du Vietnam</em> publiait avant l'arriv&#233;e du pr&#233;sident Macron un <a href="https://fr.vietnamplus.vn/nucleaire-civil-tgv-et-ia-au-coeur-de-la-visite-detat-du-president-francais-au-vietnam-post246051.vnp">entretien</a> avec l&#8217;ambassadeur de France, Olivier Brochet, pour en annoncer les grands th&#232;mes : nucl&#233;aire civil, transports ferroviaires &#224; grande vitesse, intelligence artificielle, transition &#233;nerg&#233;tique et industries culturelles.</p><p>Sans surprise, les deux pays ont donc <a href="https://fr.vietnamplus.vn/declaration-conjointe-entre-la-france-et-le-vietnam-post246158.vnp">adopt&#233;</a> une d&#233;claration conjointe r&#233;affirmant leur volont&#233; d&#8217;approfondir leur partenariat strat&#233;gique global (sign&#233; en octobre 2024) dans ces domaines. Les deux dirigeants ont &#233;galement r&#233;affirm&#233; leur engagement en faveur de la paix, de la s&#233;curit&#233; et de la stabilit&#233; internationales, notamment en mer de Chine m&#233;ridionale et en Ukraine.</p><p>Les m&#233;dias commerciaux se sont quant &#224; eux charg&#233;s de couvrir les aspects touristiques de la visite : on apprend ainsi que le pr&#233;sident s&#8217;est r&#233;gal&#233; de rouleaux de printemps et a appr&#233;ci&#233; le romantisme d&#8217;une promenade nocturne autour du lac Hoan Kiem.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V1wZ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe5fef933-078b-4d0e-9f20-c9acc4a71358_1130x1490.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" 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class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h3><strong>Indon&#233;sie</strong></h3><p>Les sites web de<em> Tempo</em> (diff&#233;rent du magazine hebdomadaire, connu pour ses enqu&#234;tes approfondies) et du quotidien <em>Kompas</em>mettent en avant la camaraderie qui semblent lier les pr&#233;sidents Macron et Prabowo, qui avait d&#233;j&#224; eu l'occasion de se rencontrer &#224; de nombreuses reprises avant cette visite. Leur proximit&#233; est mise en sc&#232;ne lors du d&#238;ner de gala et, surtout, de la remise de la <a href="https://www.kompas.id/artikel/presiden-macron-anugerahi-presiden-prabowo-penghargaan-militer-tertinggi-perancis?open_from=Search_Result_Page">grand-croix de la L&#233;gion d&#8217;honneur</a> &#224; Prabowo pendant la visite de l&#8217;acad&#233;mie militaire de Magelang. Prabowo confie d'ailleurs que la visite du pr&#233;sident fran&#231;ais et de son &#233;pouse est &#171; <a href="https://www.tempo.co/politik/emmanuel-macron-sampaikan-pepatah-bahasa-indonesia-di-depan-prabowo-1583387">sp&#233;ciale pour lui</a> &#187;, en raison des relations particuli&#232;res qu&#8217;il entretient &#224; titre priv&#233; avec la France (son fils, designer de mode, est install&#233; &#224; Paris). Prabowo sera l&#8217;invit&#233; d&#8217;honneur du d&#233;fil&#233; du 14 juillet.</p><p>Si la plupart des articles nous proposent une immersion dans le d&#238;ner de gala, o&#249; Macron aurait <a href="https://www.tempo.co/politik/emmanuel-macron-sampaikan-pepatah-bahasa-indonesia-di-depan-prabowo-1583387">cit&#233; des proverbes indon&#233;siens</a>, en bahasa indonesia dans le texte, <em>Tempo</em> publie &#233;galement quelques articles r&#233;capitulatifs &#233;voquant aussi bien les <a href="https://www.tempo.co/internasional/ragam-lawatan-presiden-emmanuel-macron-ke-indonesia-1612468">d&#233;tails de la s&#233;curisation du convoi pr&#233;sidentiel</a>, les sentiments positifs que Macron &#233;prouve &#224; l'&#233;gard de l&#8217;Indon&#233;sie (un "<a href="https://www.tempo.co/internasional/ragam-lawatan-presiden-emmanuel-macron-ke-indonesia-1612468">beau pays</a>"), la valorisation du temple bouddhiste de Borobudur et la <a href="https://www.kompas.id/artikel/presiden-macron-borobudur-akan-terus-jadi-sumber-inspirasi-di-asia-tenggara?open_from=Search_Result_Page">symbolique de tol&#233;rance religieuse qu&#8217;il incarne</a> (en d&#233;pit d&#8217;une controverse d'arch&#233;ologues sur l&#8217;installation d&#8217;un stairlift pour faciliter l&#8217;acc&#232;s des d&#233;l&#233;gations), que la liste des accords sign&#233;s, desquels on retient que la coop&#233;ration bilat&#233;rale va s&#8217;intensifier dans les domaines de l&#8217;&#233;nergie, du transport et de la d&#233;fense, avec la perspective de nouvelles exportations de syst&#232;mes fran&#231;ais.</p><p>&#192; ces accords s&#8217;ajoutent des d&#233;clarations conjointes relatives &#224; l&#8217;avenir de la coop&#233;ration bilat&#233;rale (vision conjointe 2025, d&#233;claration pour une strat&#233;gie culturelle) mais &#233;galement concernent des sujets de pr&#233;occupation commune, notamment la situation au Moyen-Orient (D&#233;claration sur le r&#232;glement pacifique des questions palestiniennes et la mise en &#339;uvre de la solution &#224; deux &#201;tats).</p><p>Sans surprise au regard de la sensibilit&#233; indon&#233;sienne &#224; ce sujet, ce th&#232;me retient particuli&#232;rement l'attention de <em>Tempo</em>, qui suit de pr&#232;s <a href="https://www.tempo.co/internasional/presiden-macron-ancam-sanksi-keras-ke-warga-israel--1603179">l'&#233;volution des prises de position fran&#231;aises</a> au cours de la tourn&#233;e asiatique du pr&#233;sident. Chez <em>Kompas</em>, qui <a href="https://www.kompas.id/artikel/emmanuel-macron-standar-ganda-membahayakan-perdamaian-dunia?open_from=Search_Result_Page">revient</a> sur l'intervention de Macron au Shangri-La Dialogue, c&#8217;est &#233;galement la premi&#232;re partie du discours, dans laquelle le pr&#233;sident alerte quant aux doubles standards susceptibles de compromettre la paix mondiale, en faisant notamment r&#233;f&#233;rence &#224; la situation au Moyen-Orient, qui retient l&#8217;attention du quotidien.</p><p><em>The Jakarta Post</em>, &#224; orientation plus internationale, <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/world/2025/05/31/frances-macron-calls-for-asian-coalitions-as-he-warns-of-us-china-divisions.html">souligne</a> quant &#224; lui l&#8217;appel lanc&#233; par Macron &#224; former des coalitions d&#8217;action, &#233;galement dans le cadre du Shangri-La Dialogue.</p><h3><strong>Singapour</strong></h3><p><em>The Straits Times</em> saisit l&#8217;occasion de la rencontre pr&#233;sidentielle pour <a href="https://fr.vietnamplus.vn/nucleaire-civil-tgv-et-ia-au-coeur-de-la-visite-detat-du-president-francais-au-vietnam-post246051.vnp">dresser un bilan</a> des relations bilat&#233;rales, qui f&#234;tent leurs 60 ans cette ann&#233;e. Le quotidien <a href="https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/politics/60-years-of-relations-between-singapore-france-have-benefited-both-peoples-president-tharman">revient</a> sur les int&#233;r&#234;ts communs des deux pays, les retomb&#233;es positives du partenariat, notamment dans le domaine scientifique, et la volont&#233; partag&#233;e de renforcer le rapprochement entre l&#8217;Europe et l&#8217;Asie du Sud-Est.</p><p>Concernant <a href="https://www.straitstimes.com/world/europe/macron-touts-positive-new-asia-europe-alliance-amid-us-china-rivalry">l&#8217;intervention</a> de Macron au Shangri-La Dialogue, le journal souligne surtout les appels &#224; une nouvelle &#232;re de coop&#233;ration entre l&#8217;Asie et l&#8217;Europe, notamment dans les domaines &#233;conomique et s&#233;curitaire. Le discours du pr&#233;sident est recontextualis&#233; &#224; travers les parall&#232;les &#233;tablis par Macron entre la guerre en Ukraine et les tensions en Asie (mer de Chine, Cor&#233;e du Nord). Contrairement aux journaux indon&#233;siens, la premi&#232;re partie du discours sur les doubles standards n&#8217;est pas &#233;voqu&#233;e.</p><p>Le ton est globalement approbateur, confirmant que l&#8217;approche de &#171; troisi&#232;me voie &#187; adopt&#233;e par la France est plut&#244;t positivement per&#231;ue dans le contexte sud-est asiatique. &#192; titre de comparaison, l&#8217;intervention du ministre de la D&#233;fense am&#233;ricain Pete Hegseth a suscit&#233; des commentaires bien plus critiques, comme en t&#233;moignent certains titres &#233;vocateurs : &#171; <em><a href="https://www.straitstimes.com/opinion/hegseth-faces-vibe-check-from-asian-peers-in-shangri-la-dialogue-debut">Hegseth faces &#8216;vibe check&#8217; from Asian peers in Shangri-La Dialogue debut</a></em> &#187;, &#171; <em><a href="https://www.straitstimes.com/opinion/the-day-the-music-died-at-the-shangri-la">The day the music died at the Shangri-La</a></em> &#187;.</p><p>**</p><p>C&#8217;est donc une vision plut&#244;t positive qui se d&#233;gage de la lecture de la presse asiatique, montrant que le pr&#233;sident fran&#231;ais a su adapter son discours aux priorit&#233;s de ses partenaires et mettre en sc&#232;ne sa proximit&#233; avec les leaders de chaque pays.</p><p>Un peu de recul est toutefois n&#233;cessaire : la visite de Macron n&#8217;a pas non plus suscit&#233; d&#8217;emballement m&#233;diatique et l&#8217;absence de commentaire sur son intervention au Shangri-La Dialogue dans <em>The Diplomat</em>, magazine de r&#233;f&#233;rence sur l&#8217;Asie, semble r&#233;v&#233;latrice de la port&#233;e r&#233;elle du d&#233;placement en termes d&#8217;image.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/p/visite-du-president-macron-en-asie?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Partager&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/visite-du-president-macron-en-asie?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Partager</span></a></p><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Fresh Mango Juice #17 (avril-mai 2025)]]></title><description><![CDATA[Washington out, Beijing in? et un peu d'auto-promo]]></description><link>https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-17-avril-mai-2025</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-17-avril-mai-2025</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Juliette Loesch]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 26 May 2025 06:00:38 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b9ebc6d-12e2-46ca-8ac2-0c0acd0f049b_256x256.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Vous &#234;tes sur <em><strong>Fresh Mango Juice</strong></em>, la revue de presse (aussi) mensuelle (que possible) de <em><strong><a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/">Durian Stories</a></strong></em>, une newsletter d'actualit&#233;s politiques et internationales sur l'Asie du Sud-Est. <strong>Click &#8594; <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-17-avril-mai-2025-197">here</a> for the English version of this newsletter</strong>.</p><p>(952 mots, environ 6 min de lecture)</p><div><hr></div><p>Ch&#232;res lectrices, chers lecteurs,</p><p>Avant de plonger dans l&#8217;actualit&#233; des mois d&#8217;avril et de mai, permettez-moi un peu d&#8217;auto-promotion (en lien avec nos sujets, bien entendu) :</p><ul><li><p>Retrouvez <a href="https://www.ifri.org/fr/briefings/elections-de-mi-mandat-aux-philippines-la-guerre-des-clans-son-comble">&#8594; ici mon analyse pour l'Ifri</a> des &#233;lections de mi-mandat aux Philippines : les Philippin&#183;es se sont rendu&#183;es aux urnes le 12 mai dernier pour choisir plus de 18 000 repr&#233;sentant&#183;es &#224; tous les niveaux de l'&#201;tat. Douze si&#232;ges en particulier ont retenu l'attention : les "Magic 12" s&#233;natoriaux, cl&#233;s de la pr&#233;sidentielle de 2028. Apr&#232;s trois mois de campagne sous tension, que disent les r&#233;sultats ? Marcos a-t-il enfin r&#233;ussi &#224; se d&#233;barrasser des Duterte ? Ces derniers ont-ils r&#233;ussi &#224; surmonter l'arrestation du p&#232;re et son extradition vers La Haye ?</p></li><li><p>Je serai ce matin dans <a href="https://f24.my/5AqR">&#8594; l&#8217;&#233;mission &#171; Parlons-en &#187; sur France 24</a> pour discuter des enjeux de la visite du pr&#233;sident Macron en Asie du Sud-Est.</p></li></ul><p>Bonne lecture !</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonnez-vous maintenant&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Abonnez-vous maintenant</span></a></p><p>Avril et mai ont sans surprise &#233;t&#233; d&#233;di&#233;s &#224; g&#233;rer les retomb&#233;es de l'annonce de la hausse des droits de douane par le pr&#233;sident am&#233;ricain. Si Donald Trump a <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/Comment/How-tariff-hit-Vietnam-could-signal-dawn-of-a-post-U.S.-Asia">fait volte-face</a> sur sa mesure moins de 24 h apr&#232;s son annonce, d&#233;cidant, tout aussi unilat&#233;ralement, d&#8217;une pause de 90 jours tout en maintenant une taxe plancher de 10 %, les &#201;tats d&#8217;Asie du Sud-Est ont commenc&#233; &#224; s&#8217;organiser pour minimiser les d&#233;g&#226;ts, signalant dans le m&#234;me temps leur entr&#233;e dans une &#232;re post-am&#233;ricaine.</p><p>L&#8217;Indon&#233;sie a d&#233;p&#234;ch&#233; une d&#233;l&#233;gation &#224; Washington pour mener un premier <em>round</em> de n&#233;gociations. Sans d&#233;voiler leur contenu, les ministres participant ont laiss&#233; entendre que celles-ci <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Economy/Trade-war/Trump-tariffs/Indonesia-says-tariff-negotiations-with-U.S.-will-conclude-in-60-days">portaient</a>, pour l&#8217;instant, sur l&#8217;acc&#232;s au march&#233; am&#233;ricain pour les produits indon&#233;siens, la d&#233;r&#233;glementation en Indon&#233;sie, l&#8217;approvisionnement &#233;nerg&#233;tique, ainsi que le partage technologique dans les secteurs de l&#8217;agriculture, de la sant&#233; et des &#233;nergies renouvelables. Le ministre indon&#233;sien des Affaires &#233;trang&#232;res, Sugiono, a, en parall&#232;le, rencontr&#233; son homologue am&#233;ricain, Marco Rubio, pour discuter de la coop&#233;ration s&#233;curitaire et des tensions commerciales.</p><p>C&#244;t&#233; ASEAN, les ministres de l'&#201;conomie r&#233;unis en visioconf&#233;rence ont <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Economy/Trade-war/Trump-tariffs/ASEAN-criticizes-U.S.-over-tariffs-but-vows-no-retaliation">fermement critiqu&#233;</a> les mesures am&#233;ricaines, tout en s&#8217;engageant &#224; ne pas riposter, pr&#233;f&#233;rant s'engager dans un &#171; dialogue franc et constructif avec les &#201;tats-Unis &#187; pour r&#233;soudre les diff&#233;rends commerciaux.</p><p>Mais le mal est fait &#8212; et l&#8217;Asie du Sud-Est, d&#233;j&#224; m&#233;fiante envers Washington, se tourne plus r&#233;solument que jamais vers d&#8217;autres coop&#233;rations. La dynamique n&#8217;est pas nouvelle (il suffit de voir le nombre de partenariats strat&#233;giques globaux <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-16-mars-2025">conclus par le Vietnam</a> ces deux derni&#232;res ann&#233;es &#8212; six), mais elle pourrait conna&#238;tre une nette acc&#233;l&#233;ration &#224; mesure que les partenaires traditionnels des Etats-Unis, mis &#224; mal par la guerre commerciale am&#233;ricaine, (re)d&#233;couvrent les potentiels de la r&#233;gion.</p><p>La Chine, &#233;videmment, pourrait en profiter pour r&#233;affirmer sa domination r&#233;gionale, en d&#233;pit des litiges territoriaux qui l&#8217;opposent &#224; la plupart de ses voisins. La triple visite de Xi Jinping au Vietnam, au Cambodge et en Malaisie, quelques jours seulement apr&#232;s les annonces du &#171; <em>Liberation Day</em> &#187;am&#233;ricain, a ainsi b&#233;n&#233;fici&#233; d&#8217;un <em>timing</em> providentiel. Si Xi Jinping <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/International-relations/Xi-Jinping-calls-for-Vietnam-to-join-China-in-tackling-trade-war">repart</a> avec 45 accords sign&#233;s avec le Vietnam, 31 avec la Malaisie et 37 avec le Cambodge, le v&#233;ritable b&#233;n&#233;fice de ces visites (qui sont, mentionnons-le, assez rares pour le chef de l&#8217;&#201;tat chinois) r&#233;side bien dans la mise en sc&#232;ne (r&#233;ussie) des relations entre la Chine et ses voisins m&#233;ridionaux.</p><p>La Chine s'est &#233;galement immisc&#233;e dans un <a href="https://english.news.cn/20250522/9f3934e3760b443c94a6ba3bcd994566/c.html">nouveau format de sommet</a>, qui sera inaugur&#233; &#224; Kuala Lumpur du 26 au 28 mai, et rassemblera pour la premi&#232;re fois les six pays du Conseil de coop&#233;ration du Golfe autour des 10 pays membres de l'ASEAN et de P&#233;kin afin d'aborder des projets de coop&#233;ration en mati&#232;re de commerce, d&#8217;&#233;nergie et d&#8217;infrastructures num&#233;riques.</p><p>Les Europ&#233;ens semblent, eux aussi, trouver une nouvelle urgence &#224; d&#233;velopper leurs relations avec les pays de l&#8217;ASEAN. L&#8217;Association europ&#233;enne de libre-&#233;change (AELE) vient par exemple de <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Economy/Trade-war/European-bloc-turns-to-Southeast-Asia-in-bid-to-hedge-protectionism">finaliser</a> un accord commercial avec la Malaisie, en n&#233;gociations depuis plus de dix ans. Le pr&#233;sident fran&#231;ais, Emmanuel Macron, se rend quant &#224; lui <a href="https://www.elysee.fr/agenda">cette semaine</a> au Vietnam, en Indon&#233;sie et &#224; Singapour, o&#249; il est attendu pour d&#233;livrer le <em>keynote speech</em> du principal forum de s&#233;curit&#233; r&#233;gionale, le <em>Shangri-La Dialogue</em>.</p><p>Pendant ce temps, le Premier ministre malaisien, Anwar Ibrahim, s&#8217;est <a href="https://darimulut.beehiiv.com/p/myanmar-malaysia-update">d&#233;plac&#233;</a> &#224; Moscou dans le cadre de sa participation au 16e Forum &#233;conomique international Russie-Monde musulman, o&#249; il a rencontr&#233; Vladimir Poutine et son Premier ministre, Mikha&#239;l Michoustine. C&#8217;est la seconde fois depuis 2022 qu&#8217;Anwar se rend en Russie.</p><h3><strong>En bref</strong></h3><p><a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/04/prominent-american-academic-accused-of-defaming-thai-monarchy/">07/04</a> Un mandat d'arr&#234;t a &#233;t&#233; &#233;mis contre l'universitaire am&#233;ricain Paul Chambers en Tha&#239;lande, accus&#233; d&#8217;avoir insult&#233; la monarchie. Il encourt jusqu'&#224; 15 ans de prison.</p><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/International-relations/Philippines-eases-decades-old-restrictions-on-Taiwan-visits-by-officials">22/04</a> Une directive du pr&#233;sident Marcos Jr. autorise d&#233;sormais les responsables philippins &#224; se rendre &#224; Ta&#239;wan, afin d&#8217;attirer davantage d&#8217;investissements &#233;trangers.</p><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/International-relations/Philippines-signs-military-pact-with-New-Zealand">30/04</a> Les Philippines ont sign&#233; un accord sur le statut des forces en visite avec la Nouvelle-Z&#233;lande pour permettre des exercices militaires conjoints.</p><p><a href="https://www.channelnewsasia.com/singapore/ge2025-polling-day-results-watch-live-blog-5098641?utm_source=darimulut.beehiiv.com&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_campaign=pap-returned-with-extended-mandate">03/05</a> Les &#233;lections g&#233;n&#233;rales du 3 mai &#224; Singapour ont confirm&#233; le parti PAP, en place depuis l'ind&#233;pendance, avec 65,5 % des voix, enrayant la dynamique d'&#233;rosion de son soutien &#233;lectoral, pass&#233; de 69,9 % en 2015 &#224; 61,2 % en 2020. Il s'agit donc d&#8217;un test r&#233;ussi pour Lawrence Wong, nomm&#233; Premier ministre en 2024 apr&#232;s deux d&#233;cennies de pouvoir de Lee Hsien Loong.</p><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/International-relations/Albanese-to-visit-Indonesia-in-second-term-s-first-overseas-trip">13/05</a> Le Premier ministre australien Anthony Albanese a effectu&#233; sa premi&#232;re visite de second mandat en Indon&#233;sie, soulignant le r&#244;le strat&#233;gique croissant du pays dans la r&#233;gion.</p><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/Philippines-Marcos-appoints-new-foreign-minister-amid-cabinet-shake-up">23/05</a> Maria Theresa Lazaro a &#233;t&#233; nomm&#233;e ministre philippine des Affaires &#233;trang&#232;res. Diplomate de carri&#232;re (elle a notamment &#233;t&#233; ambassadrice en France), elle a men&#233; des n&#233;gociations d&#233;licates avec P&#233;kin concernant la mer de Chine m&#233;ridionale. Elle prendra ses fonctions le 31 juillet, devenant la premi&#232;re femme &#224; occuper ce poste depuis 21 ans.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-17-avril-mai-2025?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Partager&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-17-avril-mai-2025?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Partager</span></a></p><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Fresh Mango Juice #17 (april-may 2025)]]></title><description><![CDATA[Washington out, Beijing in? and a bit of self-promotion]]></description><link>https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-17-avril-mai-2025-197</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-17-avril-mai-2025-197</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Juliette Loesch]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 25 May 2025 20:49:18 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b9ebc6d-12e2-46ca-8ac2-0c0acd0f049b_256x256.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>You&#8217;re reading <em><strong>Fresh Mango Juice</strong></em>, the (as) monthly (as possible) press review from <em><strong><a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/">Durian Stories</a></strong></em>, a newsletter on political and international affairs in Southeast Asia. <strong>Cliquez &#8594; ici pour la version fran&#231;aise de cette newsletter</strong>.</p><p>(952 words, about a 6-minute read)</p><div><hr></div><p>Dear readers,</p><p>Before diving into the news, allow me a bit of self-promotion (relevant to our usual topics, of course):</p><ul><li><p>You can read <a href="https://www.ifri.org/fr/briefings/elections-de-mi-mandat-aux-philippines-la-guerre-des-clans-son-comble">&#8594; my analysis for Ifri here</a> on the Philippine midterm elections: on May 12, Filipinos headed to the polls to elect over 18,000 representatives at all levels of government. Twelve seats in particular drew intense attention: the senatorial "Magic 12," key to the 2028 presidential race. After three tense months of campaigning, what do the results tell us? Has Marcos finally managed to sideline the Dutertes? Have the latter overcome the father&#8217;s arrest and extradition to The Hague?</p></li><li><p>I&#8217;ll also be speaking this morning on <a href="https://f24.my/5AqR">&#8594; France 24&#8217;s &#8220;Parlons-en&#8221;</a> to discuss the stakes of President Macron&#8217;s visit to Southeast Asia.</p></li></ul><p>Happy reading!</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonnez-vous maintenant&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Abonnez-vous maintenant</span></a></p><p>Unsurprisingly, April and May were largely devoted to dealing with the fallout from U.S. President Donald Trump&#8217;s announcement of increased tariffs. Although Trump <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/Comment/How-tariff-hit-Vietnam-could-signal-dawn-of-a-post-U.S.-Asia">reversed course</a> less than 24 hours later&#8212;unilaterally deciding on a 90-day pause while maintaining a minimum 10% tariff&#8212;Southeast Asian countries began taking steps to mitigate the damage, signaling at the same time their entry into a post-American era.</p><p>Indonesia dispatched a delegation to Washington for an initial round of negotiations. While the talks&#8217; full content was not disclosed, participating ministers <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Economy/Trade-war/Trump-tariffs/Indonesia-wants-fair-and-square-trade-in-US-tariff-talks">indicated</a> they focused on market access for Indonesian products, deregulation in Indonesia, energy supplies, and technology sharing in agriculture, health, and renewable energy. At the same time, Indonesian Foreign Minister Sugiono met with his U.S. counterpart Marco Rubio to discuss security cooperation and trade tensions.</p><p>On the ASEAN side, economy ministers meeting via video conference <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Economy/Trade-war/Trump-tariffs/ASEAN-criticizes-U.S.-over-tariffs-but-vows-no-retaliation">strongly criticized</a> the U.S. measures but pledged not to retaliate, instead favoring &#8220;a frank and constructive dialogue with the United States&#8221; to resolve trade disputes.</p><p>But the damage is done&#8212;and Southeast Asia, already wary of Washington, is now turning more decisively toward other partners. The trend isn&#8217;t new (as evidenced by the number of <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-16-mars-2025">global strategic partnerships signed by Vietnam</a> in the past two years&#8212;six), but it could now gain momentum as traditional U.S. partners, harmed by the American trade war, (re)discover the region&#8217;s potential.</p><p>China, of course, could seize the opportunity to reassert its regional dominance, despite territorial disputes with most of its neighbors. Xi Jinping&#8217;s triple visit to Vietnam, Cambodia, and Malaysia, just days after the U.S. "Liberation Day" announcements, benefitted from impeccable timing. While Xi <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/International-relations/Xi-Jinping-calls-for-Vietnam-to-join-China-in-tackling-trade-war">left</a> with 45 agreements signed with Vietnam, 31 with Malaysia, and 37 with Cambodia, the real benefit of these (rare) visits by the Chinese president lies in the successful staging of China&#8217;s relationship with its southern neighbors.</p><p>China has also inserted itself into a <a href="https://english.news.cn/20250522/9f3934e3760b443c94a6ba3bcd994566/c.html">new summit format</a>, set to be launched in Kuala Lumpur from May 26 to 28, which will, for the first time, bring together the six Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries with the 10 ASEAN members and China to discuss cooperation in trade, energy, and digital infrastructure.</p><p>Europeans, too, seem to have found a renewed urgency to deepen their ties with ASEAN countries. The European Free Trade Association (EFTA), for instance, has just <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Economy/Trade-war/European-bloc-turns-to-Southeast-Asia-in-bid-to-hedge-protectionism">finalized</a> a trade agreement with Malaysia that had been in the works for over a decade. Meanwhile, French President Emmanuel Macron is visiting <a href="https://www.elysee.fr/agenda">this week</a> Vietnam, Indonesia, and Singapore, where he is scheduled to deliver the keynote speech at the region&#8217;s premier security forum, the <em>Shangri-La Dialogue</em>.</p><p>Meanwhile, Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim <a href="https://darimulut.beehiiv.com/p/myanmar-malaysia-update">traveled</a> to Moscow to participate in the 16th Russia-Islamic World Economic Forum, where he met with Vladimir Putin and Russian Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin. This marks Anwar&#8217;s second visit to Russia since 2022.</p><p><strong>In brief</strong></p><p><a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/04/prominent-american-academic-accused-of-defaming-thai-monarchy/">07/04</a> An arrest warrant was issued in Thailand for U.S. academic Paul Chambers, accused of insulting the monarchy. He faces up to 15 years in prison.</p><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/International-relations/Philippines-eases-decades-old-restrictions-on-Taiwan-visits-by-officials">22/04</a> A directive from President Marcos Jr. now allows Philippine officials to visit Taiwan to attract more foreign investment.</p><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/International-relations/Philippines-signs-military-pact-with-New-Zealand">30/04</a> The Philippines signed a visiting forces agreement with New Zealand to enable joint military exercises.</p><p><a href="https://www.channelnewsasia.com/singapore/ge2025-polling-day-results-watch-live-blog-5098641?utm_source=darimulut.beehiiv.com&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_campaign=pap-returned-with-extended-mandate">03/05</a> Singapore&#8217;s May 3 general elections confirmed the ruling PAP&#8212; in power since independence&#8212;with 65.5% of the vote. This reverses the decline in support from 69.9% in 2015 to 61.2% in 2020, and marks a successful first test for Lawrence Wong, who became Prime Minister in 2024 after two decades of leadership under Lee Hsien Loong.</p><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/International-relations/Albanese-to-visit-Indonesia-in-second-term-s-first-overseas-trip">13/05</a> Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese made his first overseas trip of his second term to Indonesia, underlining the country's growing strategic role in the region.</p><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/Philippines-Marcos-appoints-new-foreign-minister-amid-cabinet-shake-up">23/05</a> Maria Theresa Lazaro has been appointed as the Philippines&#8217; new foreign affairs minister. A career diplomat (and former ambassador to France), she has led sensitive negotiations with Beijing over the South China Sea. She will take office on July 31, becoming the first woman to hold the post in 21 years.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-17-avril-mai-2025-197?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Partager&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-17-avril-mai-2025-197?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Partager</span></a></p><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Fresh Mango Juice #16 (mars 2025) ]]></title><description><![CDATA[S&#233;isme d&#233;vastateur au Myanmar, balle dans le pied strat&#233;gique pour les &#201;tats-Unis en Asie du Sud-Est]]></description><link>https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-16-mars-2025</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-16-mars-2025</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Juliette Loesch]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 09 Apr 2025 06:02:28 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b9ebc6d-12e2-46ca-8ac2-0c0acd0f049b_256x256.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div><hr></div><p>Vous &#234;tes sur <em><strong>Fresh Mango Juice</strong></em>, la revue de presse (aussi) mensuelle (que possible) de <em><strong><a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/">Durian Stories</a></strong></em>, une newsletter d'actualit&#233;s politiques et internationales sur l'Asie du Sud-Est. <strong>Click &#8594; <a href="https://open.substack.com/pub/durianstories/p/fresh-mango-juice-16-march-2025?r=4tnar9&amp;utm_campaign=post&amp;utm_medium=web&amp;showWelcomeOnShare=true">here</a> for the English version of this newsletter</strong>.</p><p>(1532 mots, environ 9 min 30 de lecture)</p><div><hr></div><h3><strong>S&#233;isme d&#233;vastateur au Myanmar</strong></h3><p>Un tremblement de terre de magnitude 7,7 a frapp&#233; le Myanmar le 28 mars. L&#8217;&#233;picentre se situait dans la r&#233;gion de Sagaing, au centre du pays, une zone o&#249; se trouvent plusieurs bastions majeurs de la r&#233;sistance contre la junte. La secousse principale a &#233;t&#233; suivie de fortes r&#233;pliques, entravant les op&#233;rations de secours. Le bilan officiel d&#233;passe les 3 300 morts, 4 500 bless&#233;s (d&#233;compte au 9 avril).</p><p>Le chef de la junte, le g&#233;n&#233;ral Min Aung Hlaing, a d&#233;clar&#233; l&#8217;&#233;tat d&#8217;urgence dans six r&#233;gions, sans fournir de d&#233;tails sur les destructions, et a lanc&#233; un appel exceptionnel &#224; l&#8217;aide humanitaire internationale. La junte a &#233;galement <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/Myanmar-Crisis/Myanmar-announces-ceasefire-following-quake-state-media">d&#233;cr&#233;t&#233;</a> un cessez-le-feu temporaire, valable du 2 au 22 avril, initiative &#224; laquelle a r&#233;pondu la <em>Three Brotherhood Alliance</em> en proclamant &#224; son tour une <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/04/in-earthquakes-aftermath-major-myanmar-rebel-alliance-announces-humanitarian-pause/">pause humanitaire</a> unilat&#233;rale d'un mois.</p><p>Des m&#233;dias locaux ont signal&#233; que des frappes a&#233;riennes avaient eu lieu le 29 mars dans les &#201;tats Shan, Kachin, Rakhine et les r&#233;gions centrales de Magway et Naung Cho. Des &#233;quipes de secours venues de Chine, de Singapour et de Malaisie sont arriv&#233;es &#224; Naypyidaw, mais leurs d&#233;placements risquent d&#8217;&#234;tre contraints par la junte.</p><h3><strong>Vietnam</strong></h3><p>Apr&#232;s les &#201;tats-Unis en 2023 et l&#8217;Australie l&#8217;ann&#233;e derni&#232;re, le Vietnam a accord&#233; en l&#8217;espace de deux semaines le statut de partenaire strat&#233;gique global (le plus &#233;lev&#233; dans sa hi&#233;rarchie diplomatique) &#224; la <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/02/vietnam-new-zealand-announce-comprehensive-strategic-partnership/">Nouvelle-Z&#233;lande</a>, <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/03/vietnam-raises-indonesia-to-highest-diplomatic-tier-singapore-to-follow/">l&#8217;Indon&#233;sie</a> et <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/03/singapore-vietnam-announce-anticipated-diplomatic-upgrade/">Singapour</a> lors de rencontres bilat&#233;rales avec les autorit&#233;s de ces pays. Fid&#232;le &#224; la politique de diversification des relations ext&#233;rieures initi&#233;e par son pr&#233;d&#233;cesseur, le secr&#233;taire g&#233;n&#233;ral du Parti, To Lam, porte &#224; neuf le nombre de ces partenariats, un titre r&#233;serv&#233; &#224; la Chine, la Russie et l&#8217;Inde jusqu&#8217;en 2022. Avec l&#8217;Indon&#233;sie en particulier, les deux pays ont <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/03/vietnam-raises-indonesia-to-highest-diplomatic-tier-singapore-to-follow/">convenu</a> de renforcer leur coop&#233;ration dans plusieurs domaines cl&#233;s dont la p&#234;che, l&#8217;&#233;conomie num&#233;rique, les technologies vertes, les industries de pointe &#233;mergentes, mais aussi dans le domaine de la d&#233;fense. Ils ont &#233;galement annonc&#233; travailler &#224; un accord visant &#224; &#171; r&#233;soudre les diff&#233;rends persistants &#187; sur leurs zones &#233;conomiques exclusives.</p><h3><strong>Indon&#233;sie</strong></h3><p>Le Parlement indon&#233;sien a <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/Indonesian-parliament-grants-military-bigger-role-in-government">adopt&#233;</a> une r&#233;vision de la loi sur l&#8217;arm&#233;e indon&#233;sienne de 2004 propos&#233;e par le gouvernement. Le nouveau texte <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/03/indonesian-parliament-passes-law-expanding-militarys-role-in-government/">&#233;largit</a> la possibilit&#233; pour l&#8217;ex&#233;cutif de nommer des officiers militaires &#224; des fonctions civiles dans cinq agences suppl&#233;mentaires, en plus des dix institutions pour lesquelles cela &#233;tait d&#233;j&#224; autoris&#233; : le parquet g&#233;n&#233;ral, l&#8217;agence de gestion des catastrophes, l&#8217;agence nationale de lutte contre le terrorisme, l&#8217;agence de s&#233;curit&#233; maritime et l&#8217;agence de gestion des fronti&#232;res. L&#8217;adoption de cette loi a raviv&#233; une contestation d&#233;clench&#233;e par les coupes budg&#233;taires pr&#233;vues par un d&#233;cret pr&#233;sidentiel de janvier. Les d&#233;tracteurs de la r&#233;forme redoutent une militarisation accrue de l&#8217;administration civile, voire un retour &#224; la doctrine de la &#171; double fonction &#187; (dwifungsi) en vigueur sous la dictature de Suharto, selon laquelle l&#8217;arm&#233;e exer&#231;ait un r&#244;le politique et social. La presse a &#233;galement &#233;t&#233; cibl&#233;e pour sa couverture critique de ces d&#233;veloppements, notamment le <a href="https://aji.or.id/informasi/pfmsea-coalition-condemns-terror-against-tempo-journalist-indonesia-and-calls-urgent">magazine d&#8217;investigation Tempo</a>, dont la r&#233;daction &#224; Jakarta a re&#231;u plusieurs colis contenant des carcasses d&#8217;animaux adress&#233;s &#224; des journalistes du service politique.</p><p><strong>Philippines</strong></p><p>L&#8217;ancien pr&#233;sident philippin Rodrigo Duterte (2016-2022) a &#233;t&#233; <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/03/philippine-police-arrest-former-president-duterte-at-iccs-request/">arr&#234;t&#233;</a> &#224; l&#8217;a&#233;roport international de Manille, en vertu d&#8217;un mandat &#233;mis par la Cour p&#233;nale internationale (CPI). Il a ensuite <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/03/former-philippine-president-duterte-flown-to-the-hague-after-arrest/">&#233;t&#233; extrad&#233; vers La Haye</a>, o&#249; il est d&#233;sormais incarc&#233;r&#233;. Cette arrestation marque une avanc&#233;e majeure et symbolique vers la fin de l&#8217;impunit&#233; pour les responsables de la guerre contre la drogue, qui a endeuill&#233; les Philippines entre 2016 et 2022. (mon analyse &#8594; <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/bruits-de-palais-3-lex-president">ici</a>)</p><p>Les Philippines b&#233;n&#233;ficient d&#8217;un traitement de faveur de la part des &#201;tats-Unis, qui ont <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/International-relations/U.S.-unfreezes-military-aid-to-Philippines-to-bolster-China-deterrence">autoris&#233;</a> le transfert de 336 millions de dollars d&#8217;aide au d&#233;veloppement (en f&#233;vrier), puis de 500 millions d&#8217;aide militaire, alors m&#234;me que le pr&#233;sident D. Trump a impos&#233; un gel quasi total de l&#8217;aide &#233;trang&#232;re en janvier, avec des cons&#233;quences visibles dans toute l&#8217;Asie du Sud-Est. Cette aide, annonc&#233;e lors d&#8217;une visite du secr&#233;taire am&#233;ricain &#224; la D&#233;fense Pete Hegseth &#224; Manille &#224; l&#8217;occasion du lancement de l&#8217;exercice bilat&#233;ral <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/Defense/U.S.-and-Philippines-launch-army-drills-with-5-000-soldiers">Salaknib</a> (environ 5 000 participants), permet aux &#201;tats-Unis d&#8217;assurer la loyaut&#233; de leur alli&#233; philippin&#8230; au risque de l&#8217;isoler davantage au sein de l&#8217;ASEAN (cf. encadr&#233; ci-dessous).</p><h3><strong>Tha&#239;lande</strong></h3><p>Le principal parti d&#8217;opposition, le People&#8217;s Party &#8212; mais <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/politics/2990917/paetongtarn-leads-natthaphong-for-pm-but-peoples-party-crushes-pheu-thai-polll">toujours le plus populaire</a> selon un sondage &#8212; r&#233;pond aux pressions judiciaires dont il fait l&#8217;objet par une s&#233;rie de man&#339;uvres contre la Premi&#232;re ministre Paetongtarn Shinawatra. Le PP a d&#8217;abord <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/02/thai-opposition-party-files-no-confidence-motion-against-pm-paetongtarn/">d&#233;pos&#233;</a> une motion de censure &#224; son encontre, l&#8217;accusant d&#8217;incomp&#233;tence et d&#8217;&#234;tre sous l&#8217;influence excessive de son p&#232;re, Thaksin Shinawatra &#8212; dont l&#8217;ombre plane toujours sur la politique tha&#239;landaise, comme en t&#233;moigne une <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/politics/2996599/govt-urged-to-come-clean-over-thaksin">rencontre &#171; priv&#233;e &#187;</a>, mais au protocole tr&#232;s officiel, avec le Premier ministre indien Narendra Modi le 3 avril. Quelques jours apr&#232;s <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/politics/2987881/house-votes-down-censure-motion-against-pm">l&#8217;&#233;chec de cette motion</a> (319 voix contre, 162 pour et sept abstentions), des d&#233;put&#233;s du PP ont d&#233;pos&#233; <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/politics/2990151/opposition-launches-post-censure-petitions">plusieurs p&#233;titions</a> exigeant une enqu&#234;te sur l&#8217;achat controvers&#233; de terres et d&#8217;actions par la famille Shinawatra &#224; Khao Yai, dans le cadre d&#8217;un projet h&#244;telier de luxe.</p><p>C&#244;t&#233; relations internationales, la Tha&#239;lande a expuls&#233; 40 demandeurs d&#8217;asile ou&#239;ghours vers la Chine, pr&#233;f&#233;rant &#233;viter un accueil dans un pays tiers. Le gouvernement a reconnu que cette d&#233;cision avait &#233;t&#233; <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/03/uyghur-deportation-was-prompted-by-fears-of-china-retaliation-thailand-admits/">motiv&#233;e</a> par la crainte de repr&#233;sailles de P&#233;kin.</p><h3>Focus &#8212; Goodbye America</h3><p>Les annonces de Donald Trump lors de son "Liberation Day" auto-proclam&#233; ont durement frapp&#233; l&#8217;Asie du Sud-Est. Trois pays figurent parmi les plus p&#233;nalis&#233;s par la nouvelle politique tarifaire : le Cambodge (49 %), le Laos (48 %) et le Vietnam (46 %). Suivent le Myanmar (44 %), la Tha&#239;lande (36 %), l&#8217;Indon&#233;sie (32 %), le Brunei et la Malaisie (24 % chacun), puis les Philippines (17 %), le Timor-Leste et Singapour (10 %).</p><p>Au Vietnam, ces nouveaux droits de douane pourraient peser sur les pr&#233;visions de croissance, en raison du poids critique des exportations dans l&#8217;&#233;conomie nationale. Hano&#239; avait d&#233;j&#224; <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/04/southeast-asian-governments-react-to-punitive-trump-tariffs/">r&#233;duit</a> certaines taxes sur les voitures am&#233;ricaines, le bois, l&#8217;&#233;thanol et plusieurs produits agricoles, tout en affichant sa volont&#233; de r&#233;&#233;quilibrer sa balance commerciale en faveur des &#201;tats-Unis, ce qui n'a pas sembl&#233; suffisant aux yeux de l'administration am&#233;ricaine. Le Premier ministre Pham Minh Chinh a <a href="https://www.reuters.com/markets/asia/vietnam-government-holds-urgent-meeting-stocks-plunge-after-us-tariff-news-2025-04-03/">promis</a> de diversifier les d&#233;bouch&#233;s &#224; l&#8217;export.</p><p>En Tha&#239;lande, la Premi&#232;re ministre Paetongtarn Shinawatra a <a href="https://www.nationthailand.com/business/economy/40048282?utm_source=darimulut.beehiiv.com&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_campaign=trump-tariffs-send-region-topsy-turvy">assur&#233;</a> qu&#8217;il n&#8217;y avait pas lieu de s&#8217;inqui&#233;ter, affirmant que les mesures am&#233;ricaines n&#8217;auraient pas d&#8217;impact significatif sur le PIB (une d&#233;claration qui peut &#234;tre contest&#233;e). C&#244;t&#233; mesures, la PM a &#233;voqu&#233; des r&#233;ductions tarifaires, la cr&#233;ation d&#8217;une &#233;quipe de n&#233;gociation, et encourag&#233; les entreprises &#224; explorer de nouveaux march&#233;s pour limiter leur d&#233;pendance aux &#201;tats-Unis.</p><p>L&#8217;Indon&#233;sie a pour sa part sollicit&#233; la Malaisie, en sa qualit&#233; de pr&#233;sidente de l&#8217;ASEAN, afin de mobiliser le bloc r&#233;gional face &#224; ces sanctions. Mais comme le <a href="https://darimulut.beehiiv.com/p/trump-tariffs-send-region-topsy-turvy">souligne</a> &#224; juste titre Erin Cook (Dari Mulut ke Mulut), une action collective requiert une certaine unit&#233; entre les membres de l'organisation r&#233;gionale, difficile &#224; obtenir au vu des disparit&#233;s de traitement entre les membres. Les Philippines, par exemple, ont laiss&#233; entendre qu&#8217;elles acceptaient plut&#244;t bien leur propre sort (17 %) &#8212; voire qu&#8217;elles y voyaient un avantage comparatif face &#224; des voisins moins bien lotis.</p><p>M&#234;me si les pays d&#8217;Asie du Sud-Est parviennent &#224; s&#8217;entendre pour n&#233;gocier une r&#233;duction des droits de douane, ils n&#8217;oublieront certainement pas la fa&#231;on dont ils ont &#233;t&#233; trait&#233; par les &#201;tats-Unis, dont la pertinence &#233;conomique dans leur r&#233;gion &#233;tait d&#233;j&#224; largement mise &#224; mal par leur absence des principaux accords de libre &#233;change. Une donn&#233;e &#224; garder en t&#234;te lors de la visite pr&#233;vue du pr&#233;sident chinois Xi Jinping dans la r&#233;gion, pr&#233;vue courant avril.</p><h3><strong>En bref</strong></h3><ul><li><p><strong>25/02 - &#127481;&#127469; </strong>L&#8217;exercice militaire annuel Cobra Gold a d&#233;but&#233; en Tha&#239;lande avec la participation de 8 200 militaires de 30 pays. Coorganis&#233; par Bangkok et Washington, il met l&#8217;accent cette ann&#233;e sur la cybers&#233;curit&#233; et la lutte contre les r&#233;seaux criminels. Des pays comme la Chine, l&#8217;Inde et l&#8217;Australie y participent de mani&#232;re limit&#233;e.</p></li><li><p><strong>24/02 - &#127479;&#127482;&#127470;&#127465;&#127474;&#127486; </strong>Sergue&#239; Cho&#239;gou, secr&#233;taire du Conseil de s&#233;curit&#233; russe, s'est rendu en Indon&#233;sie et en Malaisie.</p></li><li><p><strong>26/02 - &#127472;&#127469;&#127482;&#127480; </strong>L&#8217;arm&#233;e cambodgienne a propos&#233; aux &#201;tats-Unis de relancer l&#8217;exercice militaire conjoint Angkor Sentinel, suspendu de fa&#231;on unilat&#233;rale par Phnom Penh en 2017.</p></li><li><p><strong>26/02 - </strong>Les ministres de la D&#233;fense de l&#8217;ASEAN se sont accord&#233;s pour d&#233;velopper une industrie r&#233;gionale dans le secteur de la d&#233;fense en vue de r&#233;duire la d&#233;pendance aux fournisseurs ext&#233;rieurs.</p></li><li><p><strong>20/03 - &#127477;&#127469; </strong>Les Philippines souhaitent que l&#8217;Inde et la Cor&#233;e du Sud rejoignent le groupe de s&#233;curit&#233; &#171; Squad &#187; pour contrer l&#8217;influence maritime croissante de la Chine. Cette proposition a &#233;t&#233; formul&#233;e par le chef des arm&#233;es philippines lors du forum Raisina &#224; New Delhi.</p></li><li><p><strong>26/03 - &#127470;&#127465; </strong>La roupie indon&#233;sienne a atteint son plus bas niveau depuis 1998, en raison des incertitudes &#233;conomiques li&#233;es &#224; la politique de Prabowo, des rumeurs (non av&#233;r&#233;es) concernant la d&#233;mission de la ministre des Finances et le lancement peu convaincant du fonds souverain Danantara.</p></li></ul><p><em>C&#8217;est termin&#233; pour cette &#233;dition ! Si vous appr&#233;ciez et souhaitez soutenir mon travail, vous pouvez souscrire &#224; un abonnement (gratuit ou payant, qui vous donnera acc&#232;s &#224; des contenus exclusifs), partager la newsletter ou encore <a href="https://ko-fi.com/julietteloesch">m&#8217;offrir un caf&#233;</a>. Merci d&#8217;avance pour votre soutien !</em></p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://durianstories.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;S'abonner&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;fr&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Durian Stories est une publication ind&#233;pendante soutenue par ses lecteurs. Pour recevoir les nouveaux articles et soutenir mon travail, vous pouvez vous abonner gratuitement ou choisir une formule payante.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Tapez votre e-mail&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="S'abonner"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Fresh Mango Juice #16 (march 2025)]]></title><description><![CDATA[devastating earthquake in Myanmar, self-inflicted strategic blow for the United States in Southeast Asia]]></description><link>https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-16-march-2025</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://durianstories.substack.com/p/fresh-mango-juice-16-march-2025</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Juliette Loesch]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 09 Apr 2025 06:01:17 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b9ebc6d-12e2-46ca-8ac2-0c0acd0f049b_256x256.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div><hr></div><p>You&#8217;re reading <em><strong>Fresh Mango Juice</strong></em>, the (almost) monthly press review from <em><strong><a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/">Durian Stories</a></strong></em>, a newsletter on political and international affairs in Southeast Asia. <strong>Cliquer &#8594; <a href="https://open.substack.com/pub/durianstories/p/fresh-mango-juice-16-mars-2025?r=4tnar9&amp;utm_campaign=post&amp;utm_medium=web&amp;showWelcomeOnShare=true">ici</a> pour la version fran&#231;aise de cette newsletter.</strong></p><p>(1532 words, about 9 min 30 reading time)</p><div><hr></div><h3><strong>Devastating Earthquake in Myanmar</strong></h3><p>A 7.7-magnitude earthquake struck Myanmar on March 28. The epicenter was located in the Sagaing Region, in the heart of the country, where several of the main resistance strongholds against the junta are based. The main quake was followed by strong aftershocks that hampered rescue operations. The official death toll exceeds 3,300 (at the date of publication).</p><p>Junta leader General Min Aung Hlaing declared a state of emergency in six regions without providing damage details and issued an exceptional appeal for international humanitarian aid. The junta also <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/Myanmar-Crisis/Myanmar-announces-ceasefire-following-quake-state-media">declared</a> a temporary ceasefire from April 2 to 22, an initiative <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/04/in-earthquakes-aftermath-major-myanmar-rebel-alliance-announces-humanitarian-pause/">mirrored</a> by the <em>Three Brotherhood Alliance</em>, which announced a one-month unilateral humanitarian pause.</p><p>Local media reported that airstrikes took place on March 29 in Shan, Kachin, and Rakhine States, as well as in the central regions of Magway and Naung Cho. Rescue teams from China, Singapore, and Malaysia have arrived in Naypyidaw, though their movements are likely to be tightly controlled by the junta.</p><h3><strong>Vietnam</strong></h3><p>Following similar diplomatic upgrades with the United States in 2023 and Australia last year, Vietnam has granted Comprehensive Strategic Partnership status&#8212;the highest in its diplomatic hierarchy&#8212;to <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/02/vietnam-new-zealand-announce-comprehensive-strategic-partnership/">New Zealand</a>, <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/03/vietnam-raises-indonesia-to-highest-diplomatic-tier-singapore-to-follow/">Indonesia</a>, and <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/03/singapore-vietnam-announce-anticipated-diplomatic-upgrade/">Singapore</a> within a two-week period. Continuing the diversification policy initiated by his predecessor, Communist Party General Secretary To Lam has now brought the number of such partnerships to nine&#8212;a status previously held only by China, Russia, and India until 2022. With Indonesia in particular, both countries <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/03/vietnam-raises-indonesia-to-highest-diplomatic-tier-singapore-to-follow/">agreed</a> to deepen collaboration in several key sectors including fisheries, the digital economy, green technologies, emerging high-tech industries, and defense. They also announced plans to work on an agreement to "resolve long-standing disputes" over their exclusive economic zones.</p><h3><strong>Indonesia</strong></h3><p>Indonesia's Parliament has <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/Indonesian-parliament-grants-military-bigger-role-in-government">passed</a> a revision to the 2004 military law, as proposed by the government. The new text <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/03/indonesian-parliament-passes-law-expanding-militarys-role-in-government/">expands</a> the executive's power to appoint active military officers to civilian roles in five additional agencies, on top of the ten where it was already permitted: the Attorney General&#8217;s Office, the Disaster Management Agency, the National Counterterrorism Agency, the Maritime Security Agency, and the Border Management Agency. The law&#8217;s adoption reignited protests initially sparked by budget cuts outlined in a presidential decree issued in January. Critics fear growing militarization of civilian administration&#8212;or even a return to the "dual function" (dwifungsi) doctrine under Suharto, where the military held both political and social roles. The press has also come under pressure for its critical coverage, including <a href="https://aji.or.id/informasi/pfmsea-coalition-condemns-terror-against-tempo-journalist-indonesia-and-calls-urgent">Tempo</a>, whose Jakarta office received several parcels containing animal remains addressed to political reporters.</p><p><strong>Philippines</strong></p><p>Former Philippine president Rodrigo Duterte (2016&#8211;2022) was <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/03/philippine-police-arrest-former-president-duterte-at-iccs-request/">arrested</a> at Manila International Airport under a warrant issued by the International Criminal Court (ICC). He was subsequently <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/03/former-philippine-president-duterte-flown-to-the-hague-after-arrest/">extradited to The Hague</a>, where he is now in detention. His arrest marks a major and highly symbolic step in ending impunity for those responsible for the country&#8217;s deadly drug war from 2016 to 2022. (My analysis &#8594; <a href="https://durianstories.substack.com/p/bruits-de-palais-3-lex-president">here</a>)</p><p>The Philippines has benefited from preferential treatment from the United States, which <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/International-relations/U.S.-unfreezes-military-aid-to-Philippines-to-bolster-China-deterrence">approved</a> the transfer of $336 million in development aid (in February), followed by $500 million in military aid&#8212;even as President D. Trump imposed a near-total freeze on foreign assistance in January, affecting most of Southeast Asia. This support, announced during a visit to Manila by U.S. Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth for the launch of the <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/Defense/U.S.-and-Philippines-launch-army-drills-with-5-000-soldiers">Salaknib</a> joint exercise (around 5,000 troops), helps Washington secure Manila&#8217;s loyalty&#8230; but may also further isolate the country within ASEAN (see below).</p><h3><strong>Thailand</strong></h3><p>Thailand's main opposition party, the People&#8217;s Party&#8212;<a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/politics/2990917/paetongtarn-leads-natthaphong-for-pm-but-peoples-party-crushes-pheu-thai-polll">still the most popular</a> according to a poll&#8212;has responded to ongoing legal pressure with a series of challenges aimed at Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra. It first <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/02/thai-opposition-party-files-no-confidence-motion-against-pm-paetongtarn/">filed</a> a no-confidence motion, accusing her of incompetence and of being excessively influenced by her father, Thaksin Shinawatra&#8212;whose shadow still looms large over Thai politics, as evidenced by a <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/politics/2996599/govt-urged-to-come-clean-over-thaksin">&#8220;private&#8221; but very official</a> meeting with Indian PM Narendra Modi on April 3. Just days after <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/politics/2987881/house-votes-down-censure-motion-against-pm">the motion failed</a> (319 votes against, 162 for, and seven abstentions), several MPs submitted <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/politics/2990151/opposition-launches-post-censure-petitions">petitions</a> requesting an investigation into the Shinawatra family&#8217;s land and share purchases in Khao Yai for a luxury hotel project.</p><p>On the international front, Thailand deported 40 Uyghur asylum seekers to China, choosing not to resettle them in a third country. The government admitted the decision was <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/03/uyghur-deportation-was-prompted-by-fears-of-china-retaliation-thailand-admits/">motivated</a> by fear of retaliation from Beijing.</p><h3><strong>Focus &#8212; Goodbye America</strong></h3><p>Donald Trump&#8217;s self-declared &#8220;Liberation Day&#8221; delivered a major blow to Southeast Asia. Three countries were among the hardest hit by his new tariff policy: Cambodia (49%), Laos (48%), and Vietnam (46%). These were followed by Myanmar (44%), Thailand (36%), Indonesia (32%), Brunei and Malaysia (24%), the Philippines (17%), Timor-Leste (10%), and Singapore (10%).</p><p>In Vietnam, the tariffs could weigh heavily on GDP forecasts, given the country&#8217;s export-driven economy. Hanoi had already <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2025/04/southeast-asian-governments-react-to-punitive-trump-tariffs/">lowered</a> tariffs on American cars, timber, ethanol, and several agricultural products, and expressed a willingness to reduce its trade surplus with the U.S.&#8212;but apparently not enough to satisfy Washington. Prime Minister Pham Minh Chinh has <a href="https://www.reuters.com/markets/asia/vietnam-government-holds-urgent-meeting-stocks-plunge-after-us-tariff-news-2025-04-03/">pledged</a> to diversify Vietnam&#8217;s export markets.</p><p>In Thailand, Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra insisted there was <a href="https://www.nationthailand.com/business/economy/40048282?utm_source=darimulut.beehiiv.com&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_campaign=trump-tariffs-send-region-topsy-turvy">&#8220;no need to worry&#8221;</a>, claiming the new tariffs wouldn&#8217;t affect the national GDP (a questionable assertion). She mentioned tariff restructuring, the creation of a dedicated negotiation team, and urged Thai businesses to seek new markets to reduce dependency on the U.S.</p><p>Indonesia, meanwhile, turned to Malaysia&#8212;as ASEAN chair&#8212;to rally the regional bloc&#8217;s collective weight against the U.S. sanctions. But as Erin Cook <a href="https://darimulut.beehiiv.com/p/trump-tariffs-send-region-topsy-turvy">pointed out</a> in <em>Dari Mulut ke Mulut</em>, coordinated ASEAN action requires a unity that&#8217;s hard to achieve when some members are hit harder than others. The Philippines, for instance, appeared relatively content with its 17% tariff&#8212;perhaps even seeing a competitive edge over worse-off neighbors.</p><p>Even if ASEAN countries manage to negotiate a reprieve, they are unlikely to forget how they were treated by the United States&#8212;whose economic relevance in the region has already suffered from its absence in key multilateral trade agreements. Something to keep in mind ahead of Chinese President Xi Jinping&#8217;s scheduled visit to the region later this April.</p><h3><strong>In Brief</strong></h3><ul><li><p><strong>25/02 - &#127481;&#127469;</strong> The annual Cobra Gold military exercise began in Thailand, involving 8,200 personnel from 30 countries. Co-hosted by Thailand and the U.S., this year&#8217;s focus is on cybersecurity and combating criminal networks. China, India, and Australia are participating in a limited capacity.</p></li><li><p><strong>24/02 - &#127479;&#127482;&#127470;&#127465;&#127474;&#127486;</strong> Russian Security Council Secretary Sergei Shoigu visited Indonesia and Malaysia for defense talks.</p></li><li><p><strong>26/02 - &#127472;&#127469;&#127482;&#127480;</strong> The Cambodian military proposed restarting Angkor Sentinel, a joint drill with the U.S. that Phnom Penh unilaterally canceled in 2017.</p></li><li><p><strong>26/02 - &#127759;</strong> ASEAN defense ministers agreed to strengthen regional cooperation in the defense industry to reduce dependency on external suppliers.</p></li><li><p><strong>20/03 - &#127477;&#127469;</strong> The Philippines proposed expanding the &#8220;Squad&#8221; maritime security group to include India and South Korea, according to its armed forces chief at the Raisina Dialogue.</p></li><li><p><strong>26/03 - &#127470;&#127465;</strong> The Indonesian rupiah dropped to its lowest level since 1998, amid market concerns over Prabowo&#8217;s economic agenda, rumors of the finance minister&#8217;s resignation, and the underwhelming launch of the Danantara sovereign wealth fund.</p></li></ul><p><em>C&#8217;est termin&#233; pour cette &#233;dition ! 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