﻿<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rss xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" version="2.0" xmlns:itunes="http://www.itunes.com/dtds/podcast-1.0.dtd" xmlns:googleplay="http://www.google.com/schemas/play-podcasts/1.0"><channel><title><![CDATA[The Virology Controls Studies Project]]></title><description><![CDATA[Conducting Experimentation to prove Virology Fraudulent. All content will be free to access , but any donations/paid subscriptions very much appreciated to keep me writing.]]></description><link>https://controlstudies.substack.com</link><image><url>https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7em1!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4f0d5781-e60e-47b1-9d61-18f97e503f47_1080x1080.jpeg</url><title>The Virology Controls Studies Project</title><link>https://controlstudies.substack.com</link></image><generator>Substack</generator><lastBuildDate>Fri, 12 Jun 2026 00:35:52 GMT</lastBuildDate><atom:link href="https://controlstudies.substack.com/feed" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><copyright><![CDATA[Jamie Andrews]]></copyright><language><![CDATA[en]]></language><webMaster><![CDATA[controlstudies@substack.com]]></webMaster><itunes:owner><itunes:email><![CDATA[controlstudies@substack.com]]></itunes:email><itunes:name><![CDATA[Jamie Andrews]]></itunes:name></itunes:owner><itunes:author><![CDATA[Jamie Andrews]]></itunes:author><googleplay:owner><![CDATA[controlstudies@substack.com]]></googleplay:owner><googleplay:email><![CDATA[controlstudies@substack.com]]></googleplay:email><googleplay:author><![CDATA[Jamie Andrews]]></googleplay:author><itunes:block><![CDATA[Yes]]></itunes:block><item><title><![CDATA[The Ebola Hoax Part 2 ]]></title><description><![CDATA[Receipts for the theory of poisoning]]></description><link>https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/the-ebola-hoax-part-2</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/the-ebola-hoax-part-2</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Jamie Andrews]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 07 Jun 2026 13:33:51 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/8504d31a-06e5-4168-b05b-9013017dfcf6_612x528.webp" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Annual Subscription is being kept at the incredibly low price of just $35. I sell no bullshit supplements, no crappy merchandise, no whacko gadgets, I have no sponsors, no advertising and everything is possible to read for free. However to help in running the experiments and to cover the huge costs that are mounting from travel and expenses to operate the project, please consider donating to the largest Crowdsourced and Opensourced experiments falsifying Virology. Thank you.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The Virology Controls Studies Project is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p>I want to say a big thank you and shout out to Virology Control Studies Project Subscriber Matt Reese for sending me some of the information on this. </p><p>The previous article on the Ebola Hoax was very sizeable, being a 71 page book on its own, so for the sake of fatigue I thought I would split this up into a second part where we really flesh out the hypothesis made in the first. From the ground up, I can be very sure that any symptoms/deaths from hemorrhagic type fever, if they are confirmed to actually exist were not caused by a &#8220;contagious virus&#8221;. We have covered this part of the hoax in plenty of detail, with mountains of theoretical and experimental evidence all back up with Peer Reviewed and Published literature. But I wanted to take this one a little further by expanding upon the hypothesis I presented that <em>if</em> these violently quick hemorrhagic deaths were occurring they fitted an identical symptomology and speed of onset of disease more concurrent with Arsenic poisoning as well as potentially a few other Heavy Metals such as Lead, Cadmium, Cobalt and Mercury adding to the tapestry of disease (as well as what I believe to be a specificity problem within their testing too).  </p><p>Another marginal reason for doing this, is that the wave of State paid actors employed to furiously shoot flak into the air as a smokescreen, simultaneously settled on a seemingly very obvious lie that Ebola patients were being tested for Arsenic poisoning.      </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!KqNT!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2b55363-7125-4539-bfb1-de5badd3b63a_673x260.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!KqNT!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2b55363-7125-4539-bfb1-de5badd3b63a_673x260.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!KqNT!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2b55363-7125-4539-bfb1-de5badd3b63a_673x260.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!KqNT!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2b55363-7125-4539-bfb1-de5badd3b63a_673x260.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!KqNT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2b55363-7125-4539-bfb1-de5badd3b63a_673x260.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!KqNT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2b55363-7125-4539-bfb1-de5badd3b63a_673x260.png" width="673" height="260" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/a2b55363-7125-4539-bfb1-de5badd3b63a_673x260.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:260,&quot;width&quot;:673,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:32288,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/200604662?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2b55363-7125-4539-bfb1-de5badd3b63a_673x260.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!KqNT!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2b55363-7125-4539-bfb1-de5badd3b63a_673x260.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!KqNT!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2b55363-7125-4539-bfb1-de5badd3b63a_673x260.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!KqNT!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2b55363-7125-4539-bfb1-de5badd3b63a_673x260.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!KqNT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2b55363-7125-4539-bfb1-de5badd3b63a_673x260.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><h4>Q: &#8220;Are Ebola cases in DR Congo being tested for Arsenic poisoning, short answer?&#8221;</h4><p>Short answer: <strong>No, not as a standard or reported practice.</strong></p><p>Ebola cases in the Democratic Republic of the Congo are investigated and tested using established public health protocols (viral PCR testing, epidemiological tracing, and sometimes testing for other common infectious causes). There is <strong>no credible evidence or official reporting</strong> that suspected Ebola cases are being routinely tested for arsenic poisoning.</p><p>If there were a poisoning concern, it would be handled separately on a case-by-case toxicology basis, not as part of Ebola diagnostics.</p></blockquote><p>Of course this should be fairly self explanatory that once the medical authorities have been instructed that they are running the hoax simulation in their back yard, their immediate triage in a medical setting is to henceforth suspect anyone that complains of any ailment from sniffling noses to broken bones to bleeding out their eyes as being Ebola and so they are instantly going to reject any other cause for disease even if they share, or should I say especially if they share identical symptomology. Because here is the thing, Arsenic and Heavy Metal poisoning are very well known in Africa, especially in the mining communities, open cast mining releases all of these natural poisons into the air, soil and water as well as other poisons such as cyanide being used in the extraction process. </p><p>They are so acutely aware of this happening when the blinkers of infectious diseases are removed, that they have done country wide studies of Metalloid (Arsenic) and Heavy Metal poising in the environment as well as in people that both work and live in the mining areas. We are again going to focus in on one country to simplify the data and keep the amount of literature down, so we will stay in the area of DR Congo. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bvLn!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F483d3660-a398-4477-81fc-105279c356e7_456x679.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bvLn!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F483d3660-a398-4477-81fc-105279c356e7_456x679.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bvLn!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F483d3660-a398-4477-81fc-105279c356e7_456x679.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bvLn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F483d3660-a398-4477-81fc-105279c356e7_456x679.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bvLn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F483d3660-a398-4477-81fc-105279c356e7_456x679.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bvLn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F483d3660-a398-4477-81fc-105279c356e7_456x679.jpeg" width="456" height="679" 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x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h1>I&#8217;m listening to Heavy Metal </h1><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eB23!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7ecdd59c-bae1-4e9c-9eb1-ee545627be3f_894x522.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eB23!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7ecdd59c-bae1-4e9c-9eb1-ee545627be3f_894x522.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eB23!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7ecdd59c-bae1-4e9c-9eb1-ee545627be3f_894x522.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eB23!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7ecdd59c-bae1-4e9c-9eb1-ee545627be3f_894x522.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eB23!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7ecdd59c-bae1-4e9c-9eb1-ee545627be3f_894x522.png" width="894" height="522" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/7ecdd59c-bae1-4e9c-9eb1-ee545627be3f_894x522.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:522,&quot;width&quot;:894,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:99893,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/200604662?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7ecdd59c-bae1-4e9c-9eb1-ee545627be3f_894x522.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eB23!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7ecdd59c-bae1-4e9c-9eb1-ee545627be3f_894x522.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eB23!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7ecdd59c-bae1-4e9c-9eb1-ee545627be3f_894x522.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eB23!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7ecdd59c-bae1-4e9c-9eb1-ee545627be3f_894x522.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eB23!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7ecdd59c-bae1-4e9c-9eb1-ee545627be3f_894x522.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><h2>Abstract</h2><p>In many countries, soil and water integrity is threatened by excessive accumulation of metal(loid) trace elements (MTEs), posing serious risks to human health. Despite increasing evidence of these impacts, contamination remains underrecognized in many regions due to limited data availability. This review compiles evidence on metal(loid) pollution across DRC, focusing on toxic elements such as arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg) and zinc (Zn), and their associated ecological impacts. Data were compiled from site-level studies and were analyzed using quantitative synthesis approaches to estimate pooled mean concentrations and identify regional differences. The findings indicate that Cu, Pb, and Cd occur at consistently high concentrations, frequently exceeding international reference values for agricultural soils. Spatial analyses reveal substantial heterogeneity, primarily driven by geological variability and inconsistencies in sampling methodologies. <strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">The Katanga Copperbelt provinces (Haut-Katanga and Lualaba) emerge as priority hotspots due to intensive mining activity, followed by Kinshasa, which also shows significant contamination levels.</mark></strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </mark>Nonetheless, a critical data gap remains in the eastern and northern mining zones, where soil quality and related agricultural risks are insufficiently characterized. These limitations, together with uneven spatial coverage and limited reporting of variance measures, restricts the robustness of comprehensive risk assessments. The review therefore underscores the urgent need for standardized monitoring frameworks, transparent data reporting, and region-specific policy interventions to enable evidence-based environmental management in mining-affected areas.</p></blockquote><p></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NG6j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4028c350-8096-4096-b8ab-0ad9a935586b_661x627.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NG6j!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4028c350-8096-4096-b8ab-0ad9a935586b_661x627.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NG6j!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4028c350-8096-4096-b8ab-0ad9a935586b_661x627.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NG6j!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4028c350-8096-4096-b8ab-0ad9a935586b_661x627.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NG6j!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4028c350-8096-4096-b8ab-0ad9a935586b_661x627.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NG6j!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4028c350-8096-4096-b8ab-0ad9a935586b_661x627.jpeg" width="661" height="627" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/4028c350-8096-4096-b8ab-0ad9a935586b_661x627.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:627,&quot;width&quot;:661,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Fig 1 dummy alt text&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="Fig 1 dummy alt text" title="Fig 1 dummy alt text" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NG6j!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4028c350-8096-4096-b8ab-0ad9a935586b_661x627.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NG6j!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4028c350-8096-4096-b8ab-0ad9a935586b_661x627.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NG6j!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4028c350-8096-4096-b8ab-0ad9a935586b_661x627.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NG6j!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4028c350-8096-4096-b8ab-0ad9a935586b_661x627.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><p><strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Mining activities are among the principal drivers of MTE contamination, as ore extraction, waste rock disposal, tailings storage, and acid mine drainage (AMD) mobilize toxic elements such as, Cd, Ni, Pb, Cu, Zn, and Hg, disrupting natural pedogeochemical balances (</mark><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0038"><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Dold, 2017</mark></a><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">; </mark><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0043"><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Fashola et al., 2016</mark></a><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">). Additional inputs arise from agricultural practices (e.g., fertilizers, sewage sludge, pesticides) and industrial and municipal sources, including fossil fuel combustion and inadequate waste management (</mark><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0009"><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Angon et al., 2024</mark></a><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">; </mark><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0096"><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Mohamed et al., 2025</mark></a><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">). While some metals (e.g., Co, Cu, Zn, Ni) are essential micronutrients, they become toxic at elevated concentrations, whereas Hg, Cd, As, and Pb are harmful even at trace levels (</mark><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0054"><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Jaishankar et al., 2014</mark></a><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">; </mark><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0133"><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Rai et al., 2019</mark></a><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">).</mark></strong> These contaminants can bioaccumulate and biomagnify through food webs, posing serious ecological and human health risks (<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0020">Bakshi et al., 2018</a>; <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0009">Angon et al., 2024</a>; <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0142">Sabir et al., 2022</a>). Numerous studies conducted in agricultural, mining, and industrial landscapes have documented the widespread occurrence of soil contamination and its effects on higher trophic levels (<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0050">Hou et al., 2025</a>; <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0142">Sabir et al., 2022</a>; <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0047">Haghighizadeh et al., 2024</a>; <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0001">Achouri et al., 2017</a>). Worldwide, soil contamination affects over 20 million hectares and threatens more than one billion people via food chain exposure, with 14&#8211;17% of agricultural soils contaminated, particularly by Cd, Cu, and Co (<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0050">Hou et al., 2025</a>; <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0141">Rodr&#237;guez-Eugenio et al., 2018</a>; <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0161">United Nations, 2015</a>; <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0144">Sanad et al., 2025</a>). Consequently, sustainable remediation strategies, such as phytoremediation, are increasingly advocated to restore contaminated soils (<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0051">Hou et al., 2020</a>; <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0096">Mohamed et al., 2025</a>; <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0176">Zhang et al., 2020</a>; <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0136">Reeves et al., 2017</a>).</p><h4>Fig. 5. Ecological risk indexes and classifications for toxic MTEs from mining sites.</h4><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cJet!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4791e561-5fe1-4ebe-a75f-7b62bd5ef20c_661x468.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cJet!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4791e561-5fe1-4ebe-a75f-7b62bd5ef20c_661x468.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cJet!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4791e561-5fe1-4ebe-a75f-7b62bd5ef20c_661x468.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cJet!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4791e561-5fe1-4ebe-a75f-7b62bd5ef20c_661x468.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cJet!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4791e561-5fe1-4ebe-a75f-7b62bd5ef20c_661x468.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cJet!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4791e561-5fe1-4ebe-a75f-7b62bd5ef20c_661x468.jpeg" width="661" height="468" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/4791e561-5fe1-4ebe-a75f-7b62bd5ef20c_661x468.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:468,&quot;width&quot;:661,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Fig 6 dummy alt text&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="Fig 6 dummy alt text" title="Fig 6 dummy alt text" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cJet!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4791e561-5fe1-4ebe-a75f-7b62bd5ef20c_661x468.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cJet!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4791e561-5fe1-4ebe-a75f-7b62bd5ef20c_661x468.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cJet!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4791e561-5fe1-4ebe-a75f-7b62bd5ef20c_661x468.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cJet!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4791e561-5fe1-4ebe-a75f-7b62bd5ef20c_661x468.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><h4><strong>Transfer from soils to plants and bioaccumulation of MTEs reported in RDC</strong></h4><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6Et_!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F11f9ef02-8bc1-42f0-ba66-c08ec4890c00_661x434.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6Et_!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F11f9ef02-8bc1-42f0-ba66-c08ec4890c00_661x434.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6Et_!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F11f9ef02-8bc1-42f0-ba66-c08ec4890c00_661x434.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6Et_!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F11f9ef02-8bc1-42f0-ba66-c08ec4890c00_661x434.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6Et_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F11f9ef02-8bc1-42f0-ba66-c08ec4890c00_661x434.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6Et_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F11f9ef02-8bc1-42f0-ba66-c08ec4890c00_661x434.jpeg" width="661" height="434" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/11f9ef02-8bc1-42f0-ba66-c08ec4890c00_661x434.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:434,&quot;width&quot;:661,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Fig 7 dummy alt text&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="Fig 7 dummy alt text" title="Fig 7 dummy alt text" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6Et_!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F11f9ef02-8bc1-42f0-ba66-c08ec4890c00_661x434.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6Et_!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F11f9ef02-8bc1-42f0-ba66-c08ec4890c00_661x434.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6Et_!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F11f9ef02-8bc1-42f0-ba66-c08ec4890c00_661x434.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6Et_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F11f9ef02-8bc1-42f0-ba66-c08ec4890c00_661x434.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div></blockquote><blockquote><p>Numerous studies in the Democratic Republic of Congo have documented the transfer of metallic trace elements (MTEs) from contaminated soils to food crops in both urban environments such as Kinshasa and mining regions including Lubumbashi and surrounding areas, raising serious concerns for food safety and public health (<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0065">Kanyinda et al., 2025</a>; <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0127">Nsandji et al., 2023</a>; <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0061">Kalala et al., 2015</a>; <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0102">Mpundu et al., 2013</a>; <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0080">Langunu et al., 2023</a>; <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0103">Mputu et al., 2024</a>; <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0101">Mpundu et al., 2017</a>; <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0062">Kalonda et al., 2015</a>; <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0069">Katebe et al., 2018</a>; <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0120">Ngweme et al., 2021</a>). Elevated concentrations of toxic metals, particularly Pb, Cd, Cu, Co, Zn, Cr, and As, have been reported in vegetables, fruits, and other food products, often exceeding FAO/WHO permissible limits and resulting in health risk indices above safety thresholds (<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0103">Mputu et al., 2024</a>; <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0120">Ngweme et al., 2021</a>). These contaminations originate from diverse sources including polluted soils, irrigation water, mining activities, traffic emissions, and agrochemical inputs (<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0127">Nsandji et al., 2023</a>; <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0061">Kalala et al., 2015</a>; <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0080">Langunu et al., 2023</a>; <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0069">Katebe et al., 2018</a>). Although several plant species exhibit metal tolerance or hyperaccumulation and show potential for phytoremediation (<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0136">Reeves et al., 2017</a>; <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0065">Kanyinda et al., 2025</a>), many edible crops such as amaranth, cassava, lettuce, spinach, and guava accumulate hazardous metal levels, highlighting the urgent need for improved soil management, remediation strategies, and environmental monitoring to protect food safety and public health (<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0061">Kalala et al., 2015</a>; <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0102">Mpundu et al., 2013</a>; <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0080">Langunu et al., 2023</a>; <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0069">Katebe et al., 2018</a>; <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0120">Ngweme et al., 2021</a>).</p></blockquote><blockquote><p><strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">For consumers, chronic ingestion of contaminated crops elevates risks of cardiovascular, neurological, renal, reproductive, and carcinogenic effects linked to Cd, Pb, and As exposure (</mark><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0009"><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Angon et al., 2024</mark></a><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">; </mark><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0133"><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Rai et al., 2019</mark></a><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">; </mark><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0007"><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Alengebawy et al., 2021</mark></a><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">; </mark><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0056"><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Jomova et al., 2025</mark></a><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">). Without interventions such as pH adjustment, organic stabilization, phytoremediation, and land-use zoning to restrict cultivation in polluted areas, both agricultural sustainability and public health remain under serious threat. In this context, integrating Land Evaluation and Site Assessment (LESA) with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) can support effective land-use zoning by identifying soils suitable, marginal, or unsuitable for food production under contamination constraints (</mark><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010026000922?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;__cf_chl_tk=fqiBWcCdpgBlzTFjuosxkgTGGv1FVyXY2asPtFBaDvc-1780128078-1.0.1.1-2vU2MbYrLjZG.CwYgrMum6UQW__Arg747PDSZdBxOzA#bib0004"><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Akbari et al., 2022</mark></a><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">), an approach particularly relevant for managing the DRC&#8217;s widespread soil contamination crisis.</mark></strong></p></blockquote><blockquote><p><strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Therefore, the pervasive contamination of agricultural soils in the DRC represents both an ecological and public health crisis. To mitigate these risks, integrated management strategies, combining soil pH regulation, organic amendments, controlled crop selection, and regular environmental surveillance, should be prioritized. Establishing national frameworks for soil and food monitoring would not only safeguard public health but also enhance the long-term sustainability of the country&#8217;s agricultural systems.</mark></strong></p></blockquote><p></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6110556/?utm_source=chatgpt.com" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6H2f!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2e70e3c-9d9b-4b15-b4e6-717d9e572e82_817x471.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6H2f!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2e70e3c-9d9b-4b15-b4e6-717d9e572e82_817x471.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6H2f!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2e70e3c-9d9b-4b15-b4e6-717d9e572e82_817x471.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6H2f!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2e70e3c-9d9b-4b15-b4e6-717d9e572e82_817x471.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6H2f!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2e70e3c-9d9b-4b15-b4e6-717d9e572e82_817x471.png" width="817" height="471" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6H2f!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2e70e3c-9d9b-4b15-b4e6-717d9e572e82_817x471.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6H2f!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2e70e3c-9d9b-4b15-b4e6-717d9e572e82_817x471.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6H2f!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2e70e3c-9d9b-4b15-b4e6-717d9e572e82_817x471.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6H2f!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2e70e3c-9d9b-4b15-b4e6-717d9e572e82_817x471.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><h2>Abstract</h2><h3>Introduction</h3><p><strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Arsenic and cadmium exposures cause significant adverse effects.</mark></strong> This study aims to determine the urinary arsenic and cadmium concentrations in men in order to analyze their profile in relation to sperm count test values.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>We conducted an exposed-non-exposed analytical study of men exposed to arsenic and cadmium in a mining area in Upper Katanga, DRC and of non-exposed men living far from any mining area.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Study results show that 48% of exposed subjects had semen pH below the threshold value of 7.2 versus 16% of non-exposed subjects. The risk of a lowering of pH below the standards was more than 4 times higher (OR=4.85[1.9-12.39]) among exposed men. The difference between the averages of the total number of spermatozoa was statistically significant to the advantage of non-exposed subjects. Abnormal number of spermatozoa was much higher in exposed subjects. It was recorded a more rapid spermatozoa mobility degradation in exposed subjects. In addition, 44% of exposed men had urinary arsenic concentration &gt; 20 &#181;g/L versus 8% of non-exposed subjects, the risk of excessive arsenic accumulation was nine times higher in exposed men than in non-exposed men (OR=9.04 [2.82-28.96]). Sixty percent of exposed men had urinary cadmium concentration &#8805;0.5&#181;g/ml versus 38% of non-exposed subjects, with an Odd Ratio of 2.45 [1.1-5.47], reflecting a risk of excessive cadmium accumulation in exposed men. On the other hand, it was recorded that, among exposed men, high urinary arsenic and cadmium concentrations resulted in a proportional degradation of sperm count test values.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">This study shows, on one hand, high urinary arsenic and cadmium concentrations and, on the other hand, more rapid and more severe alterations of sperm count test values in men living in mining area. This suggests a decline in male fertility which deserves to be further documented in future studies.</mark></p></blockquote><p></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/9/4956?utm_source=chatgpt.com" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!C7li!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F55908f11-cf70-4521-ba10-0c83e69b2dfb_1069x618.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!C7li!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F55908f11-cf70-4521-ba10-0c83e69b2dfb_1069x618.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!C7li!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F55908f11-cf70-4521-ba10-0c83e69b2dfb_1069x618.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!C7li!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F55908f11-cf70-4521-ba10-0c83e69b2dfb_1069x618.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!C7li!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F55908f11-cf70-4521-ba10-0c83e69b2dfb_1069x618.png" width="1069" height="618" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/55908f11-cf70-4521-ba10-0c83e69b2dfb_1069x618.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:618,&quot;width&quot;:1069,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:109143,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/9/4956?utm_source=chatgpt.com&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/200604662?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F55908f11-cf70-4521-ba10-0c83e69b2dfb_1069x618.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!C7li!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F55908f11-cf70-4521-ba10-0c83e69b2dfb_1069x618.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!C7li!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F55908f11-cf70-4521-ba10-0c83e69b2dfb_1069x618.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!C7li!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F55908f11-cf70-4521-ba10-0c83e69b2dfb_1069x618.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!C7li!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F55908f11-cf70-4521-ba10-0c83e69b2dfb_1069x618.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><h2 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Abstract</strong></h2><p><strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Blood and/or urine levels of 27 heavy metals were determined by ICPMS in 41 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and 29 presumably healthy subjects from the Katanga Copperbelt (KC), in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). After adjusting for age, gender, education level, and renal function, DCM probability was almost maximal for blood concentrations above 0.75 and 150 &#181;g/dL for arsenic and copper, respectively</mark></strong>. Urinary concentrations above 1 for chromium, 20 for copper, 600 for zinc, 30 for selenium, 2 for cadmium, 0.2 for antimony, 0.5 for thallium, and 0.05 for uranium, all in &#956;g/g of creatinine, were also associated with increased DCM probability. Concurrent and multiple exposures to heavy metals, well beyond permissible levels, are associated with increased probability for DCM. Study findings warrant screening for metal toxicity in case of DCM and prompt public health measures to reduce exposures in the KC, DRC.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6IbD!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1bd843b9-4c0b-4208-82e5-295057393591_409x550.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6IbD!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1bd843b9-4c0b-4208-82e5-295057393591_409x550.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6IbD!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1bd843b9-4c0b-4208-82e5-295057393591_409x550.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6IbD!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1bd843b9-4c0b-4208-82e5-295057393591_409x550.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6IbD!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1bd843b9-4c0b-4208-82e5-295057393591_409x550.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6IbD!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1bd843b9-4c0b-4208-82e5-295057393591_409x550.jpeg" width="409" height="550" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1bd843b9-4c0b-4208-82e5-295057393591_409x550.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:550,&quot;width&quot;:409,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:55523,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/200604662?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1bd843b9-4c0b-4208-82e5-295057393591_409x550.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6IbD!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1bd843b9-4c0b-4208-82e5-295057393591_409x550.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6IbD!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1bd843b9-4c0b-4208-82e5-295057393591_409x550.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6IbD!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1bd843b9-4c0b-4208-82e5-295057393591_409x550.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6IbD!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1bd843b9-4c0b-4208-82e5-295057393591_409x550.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div></blockquote><p></p><blockquote><p><strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">The blood arsenic concentration found in our subjects (0.39 &#181;g/dL) far exceeds what has been reported in the general population of France (0.17 &#181;g/dL) [</mark><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/9/4956?utm_source=chatgpt.com#B47-ijerph-18-04956"><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">47</mark></a><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">], Brazil (0.11 &#181;g/dL) [</mark><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/9/4956?utm_source=chatgpt.com#B50-ijerph-18-04956"><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">50</mark></a><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">], Pakistan (0.21 &#181;g/dL) [</mark><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/9/4956?utm_source=chatgpt.com#B51-ijerph-18-04956"><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">51</mark></a><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">], and China (0.23 &#181;g/dL) [</mark><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/9/4956?utm_source=chatgpt.com#B52-ijerph-18-04956"><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">52</mark></a><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">]. Whether the association between DCM probability and higher blood levels of arsenic implies the later may contribute to the etiology of DCM is not known, but remains a possibility. Experimental studies in rodents, however, have demonstrated the toxic effect of arsenic on myocardial tissue through the inhibition of anti-oxidative stress defense enzymes [</mark><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/9/4956?utm_source=chatgpt.com#B53-ijerph-18-04956"><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">53</mark></a><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">,</mark><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/9/4956?utm_source=chatgpt.com#B54-ijerph-18-04956"><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">54</mark></a><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">]. Arsenic exposure has been associated with cardiopathologic effects, including ischemia, arrhythmia, and heart failure [</mark><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/9/4956?utm_source=chatgpt.com#B55-ijerph-18-04956"><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">55</mark></a><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">]. Possible mechanisms include increased oxidative stress, depletion of antioxidant status, DNA fragmentation, apoptosis by mitochondrial disruption, caspase activation, MAPK signaling and p53, functional changes in ion channels, and dyshomeostasis of trace elements [</mark><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/9/4956?utm_source=chatgpt.com#B55-ijerph-18-04956"><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">55</mark></a><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">].</mark></strong> It has also been revealed that arsenic can induce all kinds of diseases, including heart diseases through epigenetic modifications associated with hypermethylation of genes coding for ion channels and diverse proteins of oxidative stress and energy production [<strong><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/9/4956?utm_source=chatgpt.com#B56-ijerph-18-04956">56</a></strong>,<strong><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/9/4956?utm_source=chatgpt.com#B57-ijerph-18-04956">57</a></strong>].</p><p>Exposure to copper is associated with increased cardiovascular risk [<strong><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/9/4956?utm_source=chatgpt.com#B58-ijerph-18-04956">58</a></strong>]. High copper concentrations had been associated with heart failure incidence [<strong><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/9/4956?utm_source=chatgpt.com#B36-ijerph-18-04956">36</a></strong>,<strong><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/9/4956?utm_source=chatgpt.com#B59-ijerph-18-04956">59</a></strong>,<strong><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/9/4956?utm_source=chatgpt.com#B60-ijerph-18-04956">60</a></strong>,<strong><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/9/4956?utm_source=chatgpt.com#B61-ijerph-18-04956">61</a></strong>,<strong><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/9/4956?utm_source=chatgpt.com#B62-ijerph-18-04956">62</a></strong>,<strong><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/9/4956?utm_source=chatgpt.com#B63-ijerph-18-04956">63</a></strong>] and bad outcomes such as re-hospitalizations and deaths over a one-year follow-up [<strong><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/9/4956?utm_source=chatgpt.com#B64-ijerph-18-04956">64</a></strong>]. Copper is an important trace element in humans that is incorporated in several enzymes of vital functions. However, at high concentrations due to permanent exposure or in Wilson&#8217;s disease, for example, its free fraction increases in such manner that its infiltrates the myocardial tissue, induces cellular toxicity, and promotes harmful free radical formation [<strong><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/9/4956?utm_source=chatgpt.com#B65-ijerph-18-04956">65</a></strong>,<strong><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/9/4956?utm_source=chatgpt.com#B66-ijerph-18-04956">66</a></strong>,<strong><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/9/4956?utm_source=chatgpt.com#B67-ijerph-18-04956">67</a></strong>,<strong><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/9/4956?utm_source=chatgpt.com#B68-ijerph-18-04956">68</a></strong>]. Although the blood concentration of copper reported in this study was slightly higher than the upper limit of the reference value (143.7 vs. 140 &#181;g/dL) [<strong><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/9/4956?utm_source=chatgpt.com#B69-ijerph-18-04956">69</a></strong>], the urine concentration far exceeds levels reported as reference value [<strong><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/9/4956?utm_source=chatgpt.com#B44-ijerph-18-04956">44</a></strong>,<strong><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/9/4956?utm_source=chatgpt.com#B70-ijerph-18-04956">70</a></strong>] and in a very high-exposure environment [<strong><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/9/4956?utm_source=chatgpt.com#B38-ijerph-18-04956">38</a></strong>]. This high urinary concentration, which, moreover, was strongly correlated with blood concentration (r = 0.73235, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.000), was precisely such an indication of a strong recent exposure. It was also an indication of a permanent exposure to this metal, which, ironically, is the great wealth of the KC. Because of copper and cobalt, the KC has been invaded by many mining companies that are the main polluters in the region.</p></blockquote><p></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-23332-4?utm_source=chatgpt.com" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Oxgh!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F77d82ca5-c0f2-4e05-84e6-b043199acbb4_1208x463.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Oxgh!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F77d82ca5-c0f2-4e05-84e6-b043199acbb4_1208x463.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Oxgh!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F77d82ca5-c0f2-4e05-84e6-b043199acbb4_1208x463.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Oxgh!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F77d82ca5-c0f2-4e05-84e6-b043199acbb4_1208x463.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Oxgh!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F77d82ca5-c0f2-4e05-84e6-b043199acbb4_1208x463.png" width="1208" height="463" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/77d82ca5-c0f2-4e05-84e6-b043199acbb4_1208x463.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:463,&quot;width&quot;:1208,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:83126,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-23332-4?utm_source=chatgpt.com&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/200604662?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F77d82ca5-c0f2-4e05-84e6-b043199acbb4_1208x463.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Oxgh!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F77d82ca5-c0f2-4e05-84e6-b043199acbb4_1208x463.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Oxgh!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F77d82ca5-c0f2-4e05-84e6-b043199acbb4_1208x463.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Oxgh!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F77d82ca5-c0f2-4e05-84e6-b043199acbb4_1208x463.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Oxgh!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F77d82ca5-c0f2-4e05-84e6-b043199acbb4_1208x463.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><h2><strong>Abstract</strong></h2><p>Exposure to heavy metals can affect cell differentiation, neurocognitive development, and growth during early life, even in low doses. Little is known about heavy metal exposure and its relationship with nutrition outcomes in non-mining rural environments. We carried out a community-based cross-sectional study to describe the distribution of four heavy metal concentrations [arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg)] in the serum of a representative population of children aged 12 to 59 months old from the rural region of Popokabaka, Democratic Republic of Congo. The four metals were measured in 412 samples using inductively coupled plasma&#8211;mass spectrometry (ICP&#8211;MS). Limits of detection (LoD) and quantification (LoQ) were set. Percentiles were reported. Statistical and geospatial bivariate analyses were performed to identify relationships with other nutrition outcomes. <strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Arsenic was quantified in 59.7%, while Cd, Hg, and Pb were quantified in less than 10%, all without toxicities. The arsenic level was negatively associated with the zinc level, while the Hg level was positively associated with the selenium level. This common detection of As in children of Popokabaka requires attention, and urgent drinking water exploration and intervention for the profit of the Popokabaka community should be considered.</mark></strong></p><p><strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Among the various HMs, arsenic (</mark></strong><em><strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">As</mark></strong></em><strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">), cadmium (</mark></strong><em><strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Cd</mark></strong></em><strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">), lead (</mark></strong><em><strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Pb</mark></strong></em><strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">), and mercury (</mark></strong><em><strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Hg</mark></strong></em><strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">) are the most common and are considered harmful</mark><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-23332-4?utm_source=chatgpt.com#ref-CR9"><sup><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">9</mark></sup></a><sup><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">,</mark></sup><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-23332-4?utm_source=chatgpt.com#ref-CR10"><sup><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">10</mark></sup></a><sup><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">,</mark></sup><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-23332-4#ref-CR11"><sup><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">11</mark></sup></a><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">. Arsenic is widely distributed in natural waters, and groundwater is one of the primary routes of exposure to inorganic </mark></strong><em><strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">As</mark></strong></em><strong><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-23332-4#ref-CR15"><sup><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">15</mark></sup></a><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">. Long-term exposure to inorganic </mark></strong><em><strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">As</mark></strong></em><strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> during infancy increases the risk of lower respiratory tract infection, gastrointestinal illnesses, and cancer</mark><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-23332-4#ref-CR15"><sup><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">15</mark></sup></a><sup><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">,</mark></sup><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-23332-4#ref-CR16"><sup><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">16</mark></sup></a><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">. Lead, which has no physiological role in humans, is frequently found in household dust. More than 95% of the total </mark></strong><em><strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Pb</mark></strong></em><strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> exposure ends up in the bones and teeth. Children are particularly vulnerable to lead because of its effects on growth and the developing nervous system</mark><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-23332-4#ref-CR17"><sup><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">17</mark></sup></a><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">. Cadmium is mainly absorbed from the lungs, and tobacco smoke is one of the largest single sources of </mark></strong><em><strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Cd</mark></strong></em><strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> exposure in humans</mark><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-23332-4#ref-CR18"><sup><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">18</mark></sup></a><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">. It can accumulate in fatty tissues and human milk and be transferred through breast milk to children. Cadmium toxicity negatively affects reproduction, neurodevelopment, and hepatic, hematological, and immunological systems</mark><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-23332-4#ref-CR10"><sup><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">10</mark></sup></a><sup><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">,</mark></sup><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-23332-4#ref-CR18"><sup><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">18</mark></sup></a><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">. Mercury is used in agriculture in fungicides or seed preservatives and pharmaceutical catalysts in organic syntheses. Higher levels of </mark></strong><em><strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Hg</mark></strong></em><strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> are often found in seafood, and exposure to this element is also suspected to impair neurodevelopment in children</mark><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-23332-4#ref-CR12"><sup><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">12</mark></sup></a><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> and cause dental, skin, pulmonary, and nephrotic damage</mark><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-23332-4#ref-CR19"><sup><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">19</mark></sup></a><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">.</mark></strong></p></blockquote><h1>ANALYSIS</h1><p>This is a small selection of what I could quickly find on Metalloid and Heavy Metal poisoning of people in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. This not only covers people whom work directly in the mines but indeed men, women and children in the general population. Probably the most damning evidence is when these extremely worrying levels of toxic elements are found in the urine and blood of Cardiomyopathy patients. They even go as far as to suggest causality, which to you and me shouldn&#8217;t be a surprise, but it is always good to have it confirmed by the establishments own sources. When you lay it all out on a table, that these elemental poisons are known to cause the exact palette of symptoms blamed on Ebola. They are highly prevalent in the food and water sources and found in people experiencing serious Cardio and Respiratory illness, we can see that it is an entirely plausible theory to suggest that, when and where you do have real death and disease that is being attributed to  &#8220;Ebola&#8221;, it is actually far more likely it is metalloid/heavy metal poisoning instead (That and because viruses don&#8217;t exist).</p><p>But there is one slight issue with this theory, in the realms of the &#8220;negative&#8221; case for &#8220;Ebola&#8221; but the &#8220;Positive&#8221; case for areas of increased Metalloid/Heavy Metal contamination. I started this part 2 from a Ghanian report of Arsenic poisoning and its effects that Matt sent me (<a href="https://scitechjournals.com/articles/ecological-study-of-galamsey-activities-in-ghana-and-their-physiological-toxicity.pdf">https://scitechjournals.com/articles/ecological-study-of-galamsey-activities-in-ghana-and-their-physiological-toxicity.pdf</a>). </p><p>Please read it when you have the time as it is absolutely damning. Indeed this whole area of research is a literal <em>gold mine</em> of industrial harms perpetrated either directly or indirectly by the globalist operators in Africa. But the problem for me, personally with this particular article is that it doesn&#8217;t really match up with my theory in that Ghana has never had a claimed &#8220;ebola&#8221; outbreak. Now there is some wiggle room here in the fact that Ghana has seen a claimed &#8220;Marburg&#8221; outbreak in 2022 and Marburg is the identical hoax where the &#8220;Viruses&#8221; particles are identical, the symptoms are identical so we <em>could </em>&#8220;get away&#8221; with just continuing on oblivious. But I want to be a bit circumspect here and finish this hoax off with the final layer of the puzzle. </p><h1>MONOCLONAL ANTI(Human)Bodies </h1><blockquote><h3>Ebola-specific drugs (used once confirmed or strongly suspected in outbreak settings)</h3><p>If Ebola is confirmed (or in some outbreak protocols when suspicion is very high), <strong>monoclonal antibody therapies</strong> are used:</p><ul><li><p>Inmazeb (atoltivimab/maftivimab/odesivimab)<br>&#8594; A 3-antibody cocktail targeting the Ebola virus</p></li><li><p>Ebanga (ansuvimab-zykl)<br>&#8594; Single monoclonal antibody treatment</p></li></ul><p>These are the <strong>main WHO-recommended treatments</strong> for Zaire ebolavirus disease.</p><h3>4) Experimental/older treatments (less used now)</h3><ul><li><p><strong>ZMapp</strong> (older monoclonal antibody cocktail, largely replaced)</p></li><li><p><strong>Remdesivir</strong> (studied but not a standard Ebola therapy)</p></li><li><p>Other antivirals have generally not shown strong benefit compared to antibody therapies</p></li></ul></blockquote><p></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yFRt!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc5999b3-2672-4439-ab29-6d8c6ae34301_925x814.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yFRt!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc5999b3-2672-4439-ab29-6d8c6ae34301_925x814.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yFRt!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc5999b3-2672-4439-ab29-6d8c6ae34301_925x814.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yFRt!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc5999b3-2672-4439-ab29-6d8c6ae34301_925x814.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yFRt!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc5999b3-2672-4439-ab29-6d8c6ae34301_925x814.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yFRt!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc5999b3-2672-4439-ab29-6d8c6ae34301_925x814.png" width="925" height="814" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/fc5999b3-2672-4439-ab29-6d8c6ae34301_925x814.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:814,&quot;width&quot;:925,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:596595,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/200604662?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc5999b3-2672-4439-ab29-6d8c6ae34301_925x814.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yFRt!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc5999b3-2672-4439-ab29-6d8c6ae34301_925x814.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yFRt!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc5999b3-2672-4439-ab29-6d8c6ae34301_925x814.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yFRt!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc5999b3-2672-4439-ab29-6d8c6ae34301_925x814.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yFRt!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc5999b3-2672-4439-ab29-6d8c6ae34301_925x814.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><p><strong>More than 11 years ago, six young men were left writhing in agony with their organs failing after agreeing to take part in a routine drugs trial in London.</strong></p><p>The group were part of a team of eight who were each offered &#163;2,000 for a three-day trial that would potentially help revolutionize cancer treatment.</p><p>The men, who had been selected to be aged between 19 and 34, had been told the worst symptoms would be a headache, nausea and, in rare cases, hives.</p><p><strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">However, soon after receiving the drug, six were left vomiting and screaming in agony &#8211; with one having to have body parts amputated.</mark></strong></p><p>Now, a BBC documentary has revisited the dramatic events that left the human guinea pigs fighting for their lives in a private unit at Northwick Park Hospital in north-west London run by Parexel, a US company.</p><p></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NbB7!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0ff5e7c-e5dc-40b9-ab06-646d553204e6_646x473.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NbB7!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0ff5e7c-e5dc-40b9-ab06-646d553204e6_646x473.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NbB7!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0ff5e7c-e5dc-40b9-ab06-646d553204e6_646x473.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NbB7!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0ff5e7c-e5dc-40b9-ab06-646d553204e6_646x473.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NbB7!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0ff5e7c-e5dc-40b9-ab06-646d553204e6_646x473.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NbB7!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0ff5e7c-e5dc-40b9-ab06-646d553204e6_646x473.jpeg" width="646" height="473" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d0ff5e7c-e5dc-40b9-ab06-646d553204e6_646x473.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:473,&quot;width&quot;:646,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NbB7!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0ff5e7c-e5dc-40b9-ab06-646d553204e6_646x473.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NbB7!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0ff5e7c-e5dc-40b9-ab06-646d553204e6_646x473.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NbB7!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0ff5e7c-e5dc-40b9-ab06-646d553204e6_646x473.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NbB7!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0ff5e7c-e5dc-40b9-ab06-646d553204e6_646x473.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Ryan Wilson, who was 21 at the time of the trial, lost his fingertips, toes and part of his foot as a result of the severe reaction to the drug (Picture: Channel 4)</figcaption></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rqRB!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14ccddd3-d21c-4afe-83e5-645fb63d38cd_646x516.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rqRB!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14ccddd3-d21c-4afe-83e5-645fb63d38cd_646x516.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rqRB!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14ccddd3-d21c-4afe-83e5-645fb63d38cd_646x516.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rqRB!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14ccddd3-d21c-4afe-83e5-645fb63d38cd_646x516.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rqRB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14ccddd3-d21c-4afe-83e5-645fb63d38cd_646x516.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rqRB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14ccddd3-d21c-4afe-83e5-645fb63d38cd_646x516.jpeg" width="646" height="516" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/14ccddd3-d21c-4afe-83e5-645fb63d38cd_646x516.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:516,&quot;width&quot;:646,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rqRB!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14ccddd3-d21c-4afe-83e5-645fb63d38cd_646x516.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rqRB!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14ccddd3-d21c-4afe-83e5-645fb63d38cd_646x516.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rqRB!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14ccddd3-d21c-4afe-83e5-645fb63d38cd_646x516.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rqRB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14ccddd3-d21c-4afe-83e5-645fb63d38cd_646x516.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Raste Khan was unaware that he had been given a placebo but saw everyone around him screaming in agony. At 1pm on the day of the trial he was sent home and had to watch the events unfold on the news (Picture: BBC/Raw TV)</figcaption></figure></div><p>Throughout the Phase 1 trial, a number of the men suffered from swelling &#8211; with their heads inflating like balloons.</p><p><strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">One of the victim&#8217;s family said he looked like &#8216;the Elephant Man&#8217;, which led to the TGN1412 legal proceedings&#8217; nickname, &#8216;the Elephant Man drug trial&#8217; &#8211; although the swelling was likely caused by the treatment for the reaction, which included administering large quantities of fluid and steroids.</mark></strong></p><p>The drug, which had been successfully tried out on monkeys, had never been tested on humans, making it a &#8216;first in man&#8217; trial. It was later found that while macaques and humans are incredibly close from a DNA perspective, the cells that the drug targeted differ slightly between the species.</p><p>The incident quickly transformed into one of Britain&#8217;s most infamous medical emergencies.</p><p>Fortunately, doctors were able to save the lives of all of the young men &#8211; and a few weeks later, five of the men were able to leave hospital, however, the drug had attacked their tissue and left them with wasted muscles. One, David Oakley, said it had left him feeling like &#8216;an 80-year-old&#8217;.</p><p><strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Ryan Wilson, the sixth and youngest participant aged 21, spent the next four months being treated for heart, liver and kidney failure.</mark></strong></p><p>Sections of his feet were amputated and his fingertips also fell off.</p><p>It was later revealed that two of the participants were given a placebo and did not suffer the effects.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!q8UG!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1014147f-3fd9-47a7-9f39-e43f25c4df9c_646x430.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!q8UG!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1014147f-3fd9-47a7-9f39-e43f25c4df9c_646x430.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!q8UG!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1014147f-3fd9-47a7-9f39-e43f25c4df9c_646x430.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!q8UG!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1014147f-3fd9-47a7-9f39-e43f25c4df9c_646x430.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!q8UG!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1014147f-3fd9-47a7-9f39-e43f25c4df9c_646x430.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!q8UG!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1014147f-3fd9-47a7-9f39-e43f25c4df9c_646x430.jpeg" width="646" height="430" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1014147f-3fd9-47a7-9f39-e43f25c4df9c_646x430.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:430,&quot;width&quot;:646,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!q8UG!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1014147f-3fd9-47a7-9f39-e43f25c4df9c_646x430.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!q8UG!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1014147f-3fd9-47a7-9f39-e43f25c4df9c_646x430.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!q8UG!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1014147f-3fd9-47a7-9f39-e43f25c4df9c_646x430.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!q8UG!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1014147f-3fd9-47a7-9f39-e43f25c4df9c_646x430.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Participant David Oakley said he was left feeling &#8216;like an 80-year-old&#8217; after the trial. His muscles were completely wasted and he feared he would be infertile (Picture: BBC/Raw TV)</figcaption></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bhpK!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F230e05ce-2271-4400-b2a0-c6dd5ef8c5f4_646x361.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bhpK!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F230e05ce-2271-4400-b2a0-c6dd5ef8c5f4_646x361.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bhpK!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F230e05ce-2271-4400-b2a0-c6dd5ef8c5f4_646x361.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bhpK!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F230e05ce-2271-4400-b2a0-c6dd5ef8c5f4_646x361.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bhpK!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F230e05ce-2271-4400-b2a0-c6dd5ef8c5f4_646x361.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bhpK!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F230e05ce-2271-4400-b2a0-c6dd5ef8c5f4_646x361.png" width="646" height="361" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/230e05ce-2271-4400-b2a0-c6dd5ef8c5f4_646x361.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:361,&quot;width&quot;:646,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bhpK!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F230e05ce-2271-4400-b2a0-c6dd5ef8c5f4_646x361.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bhpK!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F230e05ce-2271-4400-b2a0-c6dd5ef8c5f4_646x361.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bhpK!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F230e05ce-2271-4400-b2a0-c6dd5ef8c5f4_646x361.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bhpK!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F230e05ce-2271-4400-b2a0-c6dd5ef8c5f4_646x361.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">All of the men had their lives saved but some suffered amputations or months of health issues (Picture: BBC)</figcaption></figure></div><p>In the documentary, The Drugs Trial, which aired last night, doctors speak about the struggles they faced while attempting to bring the &#8216;mysterious&#8217; situation under control.</p><p>Investigators also reveal that they were sent in and tasked with finding out what went wrong at the trial on March 13, 2006. They found that Parexel could not have known the &#8216;unpredictable&#8217; biological reaction would occur, although the risk of <strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">cytokine storm</mark> </strong>&#8211; the effect that caused the reaction &#8211; was mentioned in Parexel&#8217;s own literature with the recommendation to treat with steroids.</p><p>Participant Raste Khan, who was 23 at the time and had been given a placebo, said: &#8216;Medical trials were like a get-rich-quick scheme. It was a no brainer.</p><p><strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">&#8216;It was all manic, everything was happening all at once. They were vomiting, they were screaming in pain, people were fainting, they couldn&#8217;t control their bowels&#8230; it was like a horror movie.&#8217;</mark></strong></p><p>In the documentary, it was revealed that families were told to say goodbye to their loved ones as they may be about to die.</p><p>Since the disaster, all six men have received undisclosed pay-outs from Parexel in private out-of-court settlements.</p><p>A report published by The Medicines &amp; Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency in April 2006 had 22 recommendations to improve the safety of future Phase 1 trials, including that individuals given a &#8216;first in man&#8217; drug in a trial should not receive the drug at the same time on the same day and high risk trials should take place in a hospital with access to intensive care.</p><p>The new recommendations have now been adopted across the whole of Europe.</p><p>Trial lead Dr Bradford, who had worked on 300 clinical trials before this one, said he has never worked on a trial of this nature again. &#8216;It was the last &#8216;first in man&#8217; trial I did,&#8217; he says. &#8216;I&#8217;d like to look them in the eye and say sorry.&#8217;</p><p>Trial participant David Oakley was found to have pre-cancer signifiers in his blood after the trial that may or may not have pre-dated the trial.</p><p>He married his fiancee months later but feared he could be left infertile. However, 10 years on, he has three children and no sign of cancer or other lasting effects. He now says: &#8216;I was unlucky. But it didn&#8217;t kill me, and that&#8217;s pretty good. Having my first child with the chance that we might not have been able to have kids, made it even more special.</p><p>&#8216;Medical trials are very important to advance our knowledge of medicine. It&#8217;s only when you have a relative who&#8217;s sick and depends on drugs that have been through human trial that you understand how important it is that they are carried out.&#8217;</p><p><strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">In 2013, TGN1412 was tested again in human trials in Russia under the new name, TABO8. The amount was 0.1% of the amount injected into the participants of the Parexel trial and it was infused 40 times more slowly.</mark></strong></p><p><strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">The drug could still be used as a treatment for autoimmune disease in the future.</mark></strong></p></blockquote><p></p><blockquote><h3>Q: Inmazeb (atoltivimab/maftivimab/odesivimab) have these got any bad known side effects?</h3><p>Yes &#8212; <strong>Inmazeb (atoltivimab/maftivimab/odesivimab) does have known side effects</strong>, but most are tied more to <strong>infusion reactions and the severity of Ebola illness itself</strong> rather than &#8220;toxic drug effects&#8221; in the way some chemotherapy drugs behave.</p><p>Here&#8217;s the clean breakdown.</p><div><hr></div><h2>Most common side effects</h2><p>In clinical studies, the most frequently reported effects (seen in &#8805;20% of patients) include:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Fever (pyrexia)</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Chills / shivering</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Fast heart rate (tachycardia)</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Fast breathing (tachypnea)</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Vomiting</strong></p></li></ul><p><strong><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">These often overlap with Ebola symptoms themselves, which makes interpretation tricky.</mark></strong></p><div><hr></div><h2>Infusion-related reactions (most clinically important risk)</h2><p>Because it&#8217;s an IV monoclonal antibody, the main concern is <strong>infusion or hypersensitivity reactions</strong>, which can include:</p><ul><li><p>Sudden <strong>fever or chills during infusion</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Low blood pressure</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Shortness of breath</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Rash or itching</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Dizziness or fainting</strong></p></li><li><p>Rarely, <strong>severe or life-threatening allergic-type reactions</strong></p></li></ul><p>These are why patients are:</p><ul><li><p>monitored closely during infusion</p></li><li><p>treated in high-acuity hospital settings</p></li></ul></blockquote><h2>ANALYSIS</h2><p>One of the treatments for Ebola is using that well known kidney melting drug Remdesivir, so we don&#8217;t really need to waste much time explaining the problem here. I really want to focus on the use of Monoclonal Antibodies as the &#8220;got to &#8220; for confirmed Ebola patients. Looking at the &#8220;Elephant Men&#8221; drugs trial where they gave IV Monoclonal Antibodies that was supposed to &#8220;cure&#8221; Leukemia, i.e a blood cancer, these men in the trial very quickly started extreme bouts of vomiting, diarrhea, migraine, loss of consciousness and coma. This as they note was brought about by what they call a <mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">&#8220;Cytokine Storm&#8221;</mark>  where the body floods itself with what the medical establishment believe is &#8220;immune cells&#8221; and eventually causes <mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">multiple organ failure </mark> .</p><p>The most stunning part to this story, and I really would recommend watching the BBC documentary on it if you want another example of Big Pharma and the Medical Industry&#8217;s ongoing genocide, is that this drug that almost killed the 6 men given it, was released back onto the market! They changed the made up acronym from TGN1412 to TAB08 and then used it at 0.1% concentration. Jaw-dropping really, but when you realize that the entire allopathic death cult is predicated  on giving people little bits of poison until they either get better on their own despite the poison for the disease to come again soon or die from the poison.</p><p>Finally when we looked at the specific Monoclonal Antibodies used for Ebola, funnily enough they outright admit that the known side effects exactly match Ebola symptoms which makes &#8220;interpretation tricky&#8221;. Well yes indeed it would make it tricky if the drug you were giving people were causing the symptoms you are giving the drug for, that&#8217;s kind of where we are on this House-of-Horrors-Roundabout-Groundhog-Day-Purgatory  we find ourselves burdened with when it comes to navigating the &#8220;health&#8221;care industries. </p><h1>&#8220;EBOLA&#8221; Patient Dr. Ian Crozier </h1><div class="native-video-embed" data-component-name="VideoPlaceholder" data-attrs="{&quot;mediaUploadId&quot;:&quot;e44d2974-4a97-4bd7-afa0-dcbd4f7a7f06&quot;,&quot;duration&quot;:null}"></div><p>I want to leave you with the story from the mouth of a claimed &#8220;Ebola&#8221; survivor, Dr . Ian Crozier. Because this is going to be put into Ebook format that doesn&#8217;t have video embedded into it, I would urge you watch the <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xi29GJZllts&amp;t=1585s">full video here</a>.</p><p>There are a couple of absolute zingers I want to point out to you from this testimony. Ian has very basic low grade symptoms of a fever, muscle aches and a headache, which could be interpreted as basically any disease in the entire smorgasbord of relabeling detoxing. The &#8220;emergency&#8221; situation was not brought about by symptoms at all, but would you know it was entirely started by a Positive PCR test (huge eye roll). Ian recounts this next phase in quite a bit of detail (because it is the last thing he remembers) that he was, in his own words, &#8220;clearheaded&#8221; and  &#8220;fairly well&#8221;. However the moment he crossed the drawbridge into the Medical Dungeon was the moment it all seemed to go pear shaped (color me shocked I tell you). He developed severe gastrointestinal symptoms, vomiting and diarrhea, then a Cytokine Storm bringing about multiple organ failure. </p><p>Now, I mean called me cynical, but this man in his own words was &#8220;fairly well&#8221; and then displayed the identical symptoms of what can only be described as  Monoclonal Antibody poisoning directly mirroring the poisoning of the &#8220;Elephant Men&#8221;. I hope you can see very clearly what is occurring here, well people with generic symptoms are being systematically maimed and killed with proven lethal chemical cocktails based on a PCR test and politics.   </p><p></p><p>If you have enjoyed this article and want to support the project with a one time donation please BuyMeACoffee, thanks!</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://buymeacoffee.com/controlstudies" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bLIk!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98087521-946b-4758-96da-2e8b3c10bf78_535x265.png 424w, 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x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>This article is available as a downloadable EBook along with the rest of my work on ShadowBanned Library</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://shadowbannedlibrary.com/collections/browse-by-author-jamie-andrews" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Eimk!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87adf2bc-d9b1-46c3-9069-92405cbbd6f3_1851x1036.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Eimk!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87adf2bc-d9b1-46c3-9069-92405cbbd6f3_1851x1036.png 848w, 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https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Eimk!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87adf2bc-d9b1-46c3-9069-92405cbbd6f3_1851x1036.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Eimk!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87adf2bc-d9b1-46c3-9069-92405cbbd6f3_1851x1036.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Eimk!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87adf2bc-d9b1-46c3-9069-92405cbbd6f3_1851x1036.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[THE EBOLA HOAX]]></title><description><![CDATA[A disease that only seems to happen in the slave driven mines areas of Africa where toxic natural earth elements poison the environment.]]></description><link>https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/the-ebola-hoax</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/the-ebola-hoax</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Jamie Andrews]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 29 May 2026 13:17:53 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/7ecbe7e5-7bb8-4af1-bc79-7d1961e22c38_500x390.webp" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Annual Subscription is being kept at the incredibly low price of just $35. I sell no bullshit supplements, no crappy merchandise, no whacko gadgets, I have no sponsors, no advertising and everything is possible to read for free. However to help in running the experiments and to cover the huge costs that are mounting from travel and expenses to operate the project, please consider donating to the largest Crowdsourced and Opensourced experiments falsifying Virology. Thank you.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The Virology Controls Studies Project is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5mpx!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb164f198-777a-4015-a8ab-f9035e053476_337x502.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5mpx!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb164f198-777a-4015-a8ab-f9035e053476_337x502.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5mpx!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb164f198-777a-4015-a8ab-f9035e053476_337x502.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5mpx!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb164f198-777a-4015-a8ab-f9035e053476_337x502.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5mpx!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb164f198-777a-4015-a8ab-f9035e053476_337x502.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5mpx!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb164f198-777a-4015-a8ab-f9035e053476_337x502.webp" width="337" height="502" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/b164f198-777a-4015-a8ab-f9035e053476_337x502.webp&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:502,&quot;width&quot;:337,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5mpx!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb164f198-777a-4015-a8ab-f9035e053476_337x502.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5mpx!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb164f198-777a-4015-a8ab-f9035e053476_337x502.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5mpx!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb164f198-777a-4015-a8ab-f9035e053476_337x502.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5mpx!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb164f198-777a-4015-a8ab-f9035e053476_337x502.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>This fake &#8220;virus&#8221; is an absolute firm favorite of the wibbles on the internet who have an enduring infatuation with the Germ Theory. If you don&#8217;t know the type by now, I will share my near daily experience of dealing with these bottom feeders for now more than half a decade (genuinely feels like only yesterday right? ). </p><p>The story goes a little like this: I put out a piece of peer reviewed science that completely contradicts the narrative of some part of the Germ Theory or Genetics. Germ Theory Enthusiast arrives on the scene at an inhumanely quick pace and either has a completely unprovable anecdote fitting the exact method that contradicts the science I presented OR jumps straight into death threat mode: &#8220;If germs aren&#8217;t real then why don&#8217;t you inject yourself with Ebola? Hahaha&#8221;. The Ebola part to that is where these agent provocateurs think they have been really smart, as people might agree to a bought of da &#8220;Flu&#8221; but nobody in their right mind would &#8220;risk&#8221; it with bleeding out the eyes with &#8220;Ebola&#8221;. It serves as the biggest scariest monster under the bed, the Top Trump on the list of Boogiemen to play when making their online threats. </p><p>Just to make this public for people whom have encountered this online, I will point out that this is a threat and is considered a serious crime in the US and EU. A person making a bet or encouraging people to inject themselves with <em><strong>what they believe </strong></em>will kill or seriously injure someone is a direct intent to encourage suicide or serious harm and carries a prison sentence of up to 10 years. So these trolls that think they are being funny or proving a point are actually committing a crime and will be reported for doing as such. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cVE_!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5970a93e-6516-47ef-8fe3-fbe89e3f3bae_429x680.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cVE_!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5970a93e-6516-47ef-8fe3-fbe89e3f3bae_429x680.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cVE_!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5970a93e-6516-47ef-8fe3-fbe89e3f3bae_429x680.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cVE_!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5970a93e-6516-47ef-8fe3-fbe89e3f3bae_429x680.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cVE_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5970a93e-6516-47ef-8fe3-fbe89e3f3bae_429x680.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cVE_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5970a93e-6516-47ef-8fe3-fbe89e3f3bae_429x680.jpeg" width="429" height="680" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/5970a93e-6516-47ef-8fe3-fbe89e3f3bae_429x680.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:680,&quot;width&quot;:429,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:53814,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/198951190?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5970a93e-6516-47ef-8fe3-fbe89e3f3bae_429x680.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cVE_!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5970a93e-6516-47ef-8fe3-fbe89e3f3bae_429x680.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cVE_!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5970a93e-6516-47ef-8fe3-fbe89e3f3bae_429x680.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cVE_!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5970a93e-6516-47ef-8fe3-fbe89e3f3bae_429x680.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cVE_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5970a93e-6516-47ef-8fe3-fbe89e3f3bae_429x680.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>  I don&#8217;t really need to explain myself, but I will anyway, the reasons why I won&#8217;t be partaking in any injections, of anything: </p><p>A. To prove or disprove Contagion you have to use a method that is a claimed natural pathway, there is no natural pathway that comes from a hypodermic needle being thrust intravenously. </p><p>B. These Contagion studies have been done for 200 years, experimenting with all of these claimed &#8220;viruses&#8221; and have never managed to make anyone sick with the claimed disease caused, all documented for anyone to read. </p><p>C. Injecting anything, even saline comes with its own set of hazards, and can actually induce cold and flu like symptoms as seen in many control groups in contagion studies and outlined experimentally below. The body is not used to having anything directly entering the bloodstream before it has been digested, broken down and filtered first. &#8220;Chemically&#8221; it is going from 0-100 almost instantaneously which is why it is the ultimate hit for drug abusers and usually ends fairly quickly once this stage of abuse is reached (The ultimate way to throw your body out of balance). </p><p>D. In the claimed &#8220;viral&#8221; isolates are plenty of noxious chemicals especially in the antibiotics area. Listed below are all of the ingredients in the cell culture, only 5/23 ingredients not being considered toxic to humans. Once again, injecting any of these things comes with potential harms. </p><ul><li><p>Water</p></li><li><p>Sodium chloride (NaCl) &#8212; generally safe at culture concentrations</p></li><li><p>Potassium chloride (KCl) &#8212; harmful in high doses</p></li><li><p>Calcium chloride (CaCl&#8322;) &#8212; irritant in concentrated form</p></li><li><p>Magnesium sulfate (MgSO&#8324;) &#8212; low toxicity</p></li><li><p>Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO&#8323;) &#8212; low toxicity</p></li><li><p>Sodium phosphate (NaH&#8322;PO&#8324;) &#8212; low toxicity</p></li><li><p>Glucose (D-glucose) &#8212; safe nutrient</p></li><li><p>Sodium pyruvate &#8212; low toxicity</p></li><li><p>HEPES buffer &#8212; low toxicity, lab irritant possible</p></li><li><p>Phenol red &#8212; possible endocrine activity in some studies; irritant in concentrated form</p></li><li><p>L-glutamine &#8212; low toxicity</p></li><li><p>Essential amino acids (lysine, leucine, valine, tryptophan, etc.) &#8212; generally safe nutrients</p></li><li><p>Non-essential amino acids (serine, glycine, alanine, etc.) &#8212; generally safe</p></li><li><p>Vitamins (thiamine, riboflavin, folic acid, niacinamide, choline, inositol, etc.) &#8212; generally safe at culture concentrations</p></li><li><p>Trace iron/nitrates &#8212; irritant/toxic at high concentrations</p></li><li><p>Fetal bovine serum (FBS) &#8212; biological material; contamination/allergy/infectious-agent risk possible</p></li><li><p>Penicillin &#8212; allergy risk in humans</p></li><li><p>Streptomycin &#8212; ototoxic/nephrotoxic at systemic doses</p></li><li><p>Amphotericin B &#8212; significantly toxic systemically</p></li><li><p>Gentamicin &#8212; nephrotoxic/ototoxic</p></li><li><p>Trypsin-EDTA (used during passaging) &#8212; corrosive/irritant to tissue</p></li><li><p>Antibiotic-antimycotic mixes &#8212; variable toxicity depending on components</p></li></ul><p>E. Just viscerally I do not inject things into my body. Even if nobody had ever come to any harm from injection and you could somehow prove it, injecting stuff into ones body is for junkies, tramps, degenerates and people who believe in &#8220;Viruses&#8221; (Same thing alert). In the animal kingdom, injection through breaking the flesh is ONLY done by things looking to do harm, or seriously deter such as snakes, spiders, scorpions etc etc. They do this, as above, because their venom has the most possible chance of doing damage which is why such tiny creatures with such small amounts of poison can be so injurious to animals much bigger.   </p><div><hr></div><div><hr></div><p>They distilled water, i.e made it completely sterile and with its injection produced fever and cold like symptoms in rabbits. But then somehow concluded that despite being distilled, still contained a pathogenic agent. Germ Theory Idiocy strikes once again. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wUrp!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fef848cee-947f-420a-b29f-ff3eeefd60ab_1037x1424.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wUrp!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fef848cee-947f-420a-b29f-ff3eeefd60ab_1037x1424.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wUrp!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fef848cee-947f-420a-b29f-ff3eeefd60ab_1037x1424.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wUrp!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fef848cee-947f-420a-b29f-ff3eeefd60ab_1037x1424.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wUrp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fef848cee-947f-420a-b29f-ff3eeefd60ab_1037x1424.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wUrp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fef848cee-947f-420a-b29f-ff3eeefd60ab_1037x1424.jpeg" width="1037" height="1424" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/ef848cee-947f-420a-b29f-ff3eeefd60ab_1037x1424.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1424,&quot;width&quot;:1037,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:650848,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/198951190?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fef848cee-947f-420a-b29f-ff3eeefd60ab_1037x1424.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wUrp!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fef848cee-947f-420a-b29f-ff3eeefd60ab_1037x1424.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wUrp!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fef848cee-947f-420a-b29f-ff3eeefd60ab_1037x1424.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wUrp!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fef848cee-947f-420a-b29f-ff3eeefd60ab_1037x1424.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wUrp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fef848cee-947f-420a-b29f-ff3eeefd60ab_1037x1424.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h1>EBOLA IS A HOAX</h1><p>Sorry for that little detour, I think some of those things had to be put in an article at some point and was feeling a little zesty. Back to the millstone:</p><p> The first thing I want to point out is quite esoteric, it is not something that I really want to descend too far down the road with &#8220;evidence&#8221; based reasoning as largely it meanders down the wormhole of GeNEtICs and PrOtEOmIcs which in totality is a made up fairytale, so it would be extremely tedious. But one thing that is very apparent to me is that the claim is there are 1.67m distinct species of &#8220;virus&#8221; (Lol) and they range from being claimed to be endogenous to humans (I.e present at all times in our &#8220;genome&#8221;) right the way through to piss out your kidney and bleed out your ears in under 24 hrs with Ebola and everything in between. </p><p>The length of the claimed Viral Genomes which is all a &#8220;virus&#8221; is, a claimed string of 4 different nucleotides varies from around 1kb to 2.5mb whereby the length of the genome has absolutely nothing to do with its claimed pathogenicity. They claim that only small sections of these (genes) which code for &#8220;proteins&#8221; actually carry out the pathogenicity. This &#8220;pathogenicity&#8221; as we have seen ranges from nothing to dead in days, so really what they are claiming is that depending on what order you write 4 letters depends on whether you live or die&#8230;.. </p><p>atcgtgtattatgcggcgatcgtacggtatg : That one is fine, that encodes for a &#8220;protein&#8221; that just does nothing.</p><p>ctactacggatgtttagaccaacgtcattcgc: That one encodes for a &#8220;protein&#8221; that liquifies your liver.</p><p>As I say I will spare you the magic roundabout that any investigation goes on in this area because all of the Science is based purely on a &#8220;trust me bro&#8221; basis. When it comes to pathogenicity they  push everything into the realms of proteomics where it is just harmless or deadly, once again going down some rabbit hole of molecular chemistry with zero explanation or evidence about how or why it happens other than &#8220;it does happen&#8221; and we invented a story to fill in the gaps. </p><p>So my overarching point is the absurdity of claiming that the way 4 different claimed molecules are &#8220;ordered&#8221; is literally life or death, this should go to the same thinking as &#8220;genetic&#8221; and &#8220;Oncological&#8221; diseases and the general notion that the human body can and will attack itself. One of the most absurd lies in medical &#8220;science&#8221; that all of a sudden for no particular reason your insides just decide to kill themselves and take you with them. It is clear that this kind of thinking is just more of an insurance policy for industrial and medical harms. </p><h2>The Numbers</h2><h3>Q: Are the vast majority of Ebola deaths in Africa? Can you give me a breakdown by country over time, please.</h3><p>Yes &#8212; and very overwhelmingly so. Nearly <strong>all recorded deaths from Ebola virus disease have occurred in Africa</strong>.</p><p>Here&#8217;s a <strong>concise breakdown by major outbreaks and countries over time</strong> (rounded figures):</p><div><hr></div><h2>&#128368;&#65039; 1976&#8211;1990s (first outbreaks)</h2><ul><li><p><strong>Democratic Republic of the Congo (then Zaire)</strong></p><ul><li><p>~280 deaths (1976 outbreak)</p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>Sudan</strong></p><ul><li><p>~150 deaths (1976 outbreak)</p></li></ul></li></ul><p>&#128073; Early outbreaks already concentrated in Central/East Africa</p><div><hr></div><h2>&#128368;&#65039; 2000&#8211;2013 (sporadic outbreaks)</h2><ul><li><p><strong>Uganda</strong></p><ul><li><p>~224 deaths (2000 outbreak)</p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>Republic of the Congo</strong></p><ul><li><p>~200+ deaths across multiple outbreaks</p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>Gabon</strong></p><ul><li><p>~150+ deaths</p></li></ul></li></ul><p>&#128073; Still entirely African, mostly Central Africa</p><div><hr></div><h2>&#128368;&#65039; 2014&#8211;2016 (largest epidemic ever)</h2><p><strong>West Africa epidemic:</strong></p><ul><li><p><strong>Liberia</strong></p><ul><li><p>~4,800 deaths</p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>Sierra Leone</strong></p><ul><li><p>~4,000 deaths</p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>Guinea</strong></p><ul><li><p>~2,500 deaths</p></li></ul></li></ul><p><strong>Total:</strong> ~11,300 deaths</p><p>&#128073; This single epidemic accounts for <strong>most Ebola deaths in history</strong></p><div><hr></div><h2>&#128368;&#65039; 2018&#8211;2020 (DRC outbreak)</h2><ul><li><p><strong>Democratic Republic of the Congo</strong></p><ul><li><p>~2,300 deaths</p></li></ul></li></ul><div><hr></div><h2>&#128368;&#65039; 2020s (recent smaller outbreaks)</h2><ul><li><p><strong>DRC, Uganda, Guinea</strong></p><ul><li><p>Typically <strong>tens to hundreds</strong> of deaths per outbreak</p></li></ul></li></ul><div><hr></div><h2>&#127757; Outside Africa (very rare)</h2><ul><li><p>A few isolated cases in:</p><ul><li><p>United States</p></li><li><p>Spain</p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>Deaths outside Africa: extremely few (single digits)</strong></p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h2>&#128202; Big picture</h2><ul><li><p><strong>Total Ebola deaths (all time):</strong> ~15,000+</p></li><li><p><strong>In Africa:</strong> &gt;99.9%</p></li><li><p><strong>Outside Africa:</strong> negligible</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h2>&#128273; Bottom line</h2><p>&#128073; Ebola is <strong>almost entirely geographically confined to Africa</strong>, both in outbreaks and deaths, with the <strong>2014&#8211;2016 West Africa epidemic dominating the global total</strong>.</p><p>The reason almost all deaths from Ebola virus disease occur in Africa isn&#8217;t one single factor&#8212;it&#8217;s a combination of <strong>ecology, exposure, and public health response</strong>.</p><div><hr></div><h2>&#129415; 1. Natural reservoir is in Africa</h2><ul><li><p>Ebola is believed to be maintained in <strong>fruit bats</strong> (especially African species)</p></li><li><p>These animals live in <strong>Central and West Africa</strong>, so spillover events start there</p></li></ul><p>&#128073; No reservoir elsewhere &#8594; no sustained outbreaks elsewhere</p><h3>Q: What other countries around the world have fruit bats?</h3><p>Fruit bats (family <strong>Pteropodidae</strong>, often called flying foxes) are actually <strong>widespread across the tropics</strong>, not just Africa.</p><h2>&#10060; Where they are NOT found</h2><ul><li><p>Europe (native populations absent)</p></li><li><p>Most of North America</p></li><li><p>Most of South America</p></li></ul><p>&#128073; These regions have bats, but <strong>not fruit bats (Pteropodidae)</strong></p><div><hr></div><h2>&#129504; Key takeaway</h2><p>Fruit bats live across <strong>Africa, Asia, and Oceania</strong>, meaning:</p><ul><li><p>The presence of these animals alone <strong>does not explain Ebola outbreaks</strong></p></li><li><p>Other ecological and epidemiological factors matter too</p></li></ul><p></p><p>Really we don&#8217;t need to go much further with our investigation here. In totality even the mainstream admit that it is the Terrain that makes the disease. Ebola is ONLY found in Africa, they claim it comes from a Fruit bat and people eating bushmeat, i.e eating bats (where have we seen that one before lol ).  Yet Fruit bats are native to everywhere else in the entire world apart from Europe and the Americas. Once again, to point this out they claim that eating bat soup in Wuhan gives you a runny nose, but eating a bat in Uganda dissolves your kidneys.  They strangely regard eating Fruit bat as a traditional delicacy in Samoa and Papua New Guinea. Just by sheer logic, if eating these things did make <em>some</em> tribes people (but not all obviously PMSL) piss out their kidneys and bleed out their eyes, one would have thought that they might have replaced the &#8220;Christmas bat&#8221; with something slightly less dangerous. So logic dictates that the &#8220;zoonotic&#8221; theory is bunkum obviously and everything points to this being a geographical problem specific to Africa. </p><h2>EBOLA On My Mined</h2><p></p><h3>Q: All of the countries that have ever experienced an Ebola outbreak, are they all countries that have mining activities in them?</h3><h3>Countries with Ebola Outbreaks .</h3><p>Ebola (various species like Zaire/EBOV, Sudan/SUDV, Bundibugyo/BDBV, and Ta&#239; Forest) has primarily affected Central and West Africa since 1976, with most cases in forested or rural areas linked to wildlife (e.g., fruit bats). Key countries with local/autochthonous outbreaks or transmission include:</p><p>en.wikipedia.org</p><ul><li><p>Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC): Multiple outbreaks; heavily affected.</p></li><li><p>Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone: Major 2014&#8211;2016 West Africa outbreak.</p></li><li><p>Uganda: Several outbreaks.</p></li><li><p>Gabon, Republic of the Congo: Multiple.</p></li><li><p>South Sudan (formerly Sudan): Early outbreaks.</p></li><li><p>Ivory Coast (C&#244;te d&#8217;Ivoire): Ta&#239; Forest virus case.</p></li><li><p>Others with smaller/local transmission: Nigeria, Mali, Senegal, South Africa.</p></li></ul><p>Imported or limited cases (often single patients or short chains, no sustained outbreak) occurred in: Italy, Spain, UK, US, Philippines, Russia, and others.</p><p>mercycorps.org</p><p>Mining Activities in These CountriesVirtually all African countries with local Ebola transmission have active or historical mining (industrial, artisanal/small-scale). Africa is rich in minerals, and many Ebola-affected areas overlap with mining zones (e.g., gold, diamonds, iron ore).</p><p>en.wikipedia.org</p><ul><li><p>DRC: Major global producer of cobalt, copper, diamonds, gold; outbreaks have occurred in/near mining areas (e.g., gold mining villages).</p><p>abcnews.com</p></li><li><p>Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone: Significant iron ore, gold, diamonds, bauxite; mining was impacted but continued during the 2014&#8211;2016 outbreak.</p><p>pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov</p></li><li><p>Gabon, Republic of the Congo: Oil, manganese, gold, timber-related extraction; historical gold-mining camp outbreaks.</p><p>en.wikipedia.org</p></li><li><p>Uganda: Gold, copper, and other minerals; artisanal mining present.</p></li><li><p>South Sudan: Gold, copper, iron ore, limestone; artisanal gold mining is active and economically important.</p><p>en.wikipedia.org</p></li><li><p>Ivory Coast: Gold (major producer), diamonds, manganese, bauxite, nickel; growing formal and informal sector.</p><p>en.wikipedia.org</p></li><li><p>Mali, Nigeria, Senegal: Gold (Mali is a top African producer), plus other minerals.</p></li></ul><p>Here we see that every single place that has experienced an &#8220;Ebola&#8221; outbreak is also an area of heavy mining and exploitation of raw earth materials. Africa has throughout the 19th and 20th Centuries been the playground of the Colonialists looking to exploit the locals for slave labor and the land for its natural resources, take back as plunder to the West. I want to chose the country in the news as the latest &#8220;Ebola&#8221; outbreak to focus in on just so we don&#8217;t spread ourselves too thinly and can deeply analyze it, being the Democratic Republic of the Congo ( sounds very official doesn&#8217;t it). We will see later on that the exploits of the colonizers has never really ceased, they just do it remotely now. </p><h1>Rumble In The Jungle </h1><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JTiT!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa4cb7ca2-66b3-4bb5-beb4-f99955f2146b_400x599.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JTiT!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa4cb7ca2-66b3-4bb5-beb4-f99955f2146b_400x599.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JTiT!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa4cb7ca2-66b3-4bb5-beb4-f99955f2146b_400x599.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JTiT!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa4cb7ca2-66b3-4bb5-beb4-f99955f2146b_400x599.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JTiT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa4cb7ca2-66b3-4bb5-beb4-f99955f2146b_400x599.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JTiT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa4cb7ca2-66b3-4bb5-beb4-f99955f2146b_400x599.jpeg" width="400" height="599" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/a4cb7ca2-66b3-4bb5-beb4-f99955f2146b_400x599.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:599,&quot;width&quot;:400,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:51591,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/198951190?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa4cb7ca2-66b3-4bb5-beb4-f99955f2146b_400x599.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JTiT!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa4cb7ca2-66b3-4bb5-beb4-f99955f2146b_400x599.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JTiT!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa4cb7ca2-66b3-4bb5-beb4-f99955f2146b_400x599.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JTiT!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa4cb7ca2-66b3-4bb5-beb4-f99955f2146b_400x599.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JTiT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa4cb7ca2-66b3-4bb5-beb4-f99955f2146b_400x599.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p>The reign of Leopold II of Belgium in Central Africa (roughly 1885&#8211;1908) is widely regarded as one of the most brutal colonial regimes in history.</p><p>Leopold didn&#8217;t rule the Congo as a Belgian colony at first&#8212;he personally owned it as the <strong>Congo Free State</strong>, established after the Berlin Conference. He presented his rule as humanitarian and anti-slavery, but in reality it became a system of extreme exploitation.</p><p>The main goal was profit, especially from rubber and ivory. To maximize extraction, Leopold&#8217;s agents imposed strict quotas on Congolese villages. If people failed to meet them, they faced horrific punishments: beatings, hostage-taking, mutilation (most notoriously cutting off hands), and execution. These acts were often carried out by a colonial army called the <strong>Force Publique</strong>.</p><p>The human toll was staggering. While exact numbers are debated, historians estimate that <strong>millions of Congolese people died</strong> due to violence, forced labor, starvation, and disease during Leopold&#8217;s rule.</p><p>International outrage grew in the early 1900s, fueled by activists like E. D. Morel and Roger Casement, who exposed the abuses. Under mounting pressure, Leopold was forced in 1908 to hand control of the territory to the Belgian government, ending his personal rule.</p><p>In short: Leopold II&#8217;s Congo regime was built on forced labor, terror, and mass death&#8212;leaving a legacy that still shapes perceptions of colonialism today.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Byuw!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F563a57bd-a490-4c87-b31a-16808ea5ed47_1024x1028.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Byuw!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F563a57bd-a490-4c87-b31a-16808ea5ed47_1024x1028.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Byuw!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F563a57bd-a490-4c87-b31a-16808ea5ed47_1024x1028.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Byuw!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F563a57bd-a490-4c87-b31a-16808ea5ed47_1024x1028.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Byuw!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F563a57bd-a490-4c87-b31a-16808ea5ed47_1024x1028.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Byuw!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F563a57bd-a490-4c87-b31a-16808ea5ed47_1024x1028.jpeg" width="1024" height="1028" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Byuw!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F563a57bd-a490-4c87-b31a-16808ea5ed47_1024x1028.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Byuw!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F563a57bd-a490-4c87-b31a-16808ea5ed47_1024x1028.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Byuw!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F563a57bd-a490-4c87-b31a-16808ea5ed47_1024x1028.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Byuw!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F563a57bd-a490-4c87-b31a-16808ea5ed47_1024x1028.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5fIz!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2c1f8bd3-c528-45f4-85e6-c3df56b9b899_1425x784.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5fIz!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2c1f8bd3-c528-45f4-85e6-c3df56b9b899_1425x784.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5fIz!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2c1f8bd3-c528-45f4-85e6-c3df56b9b899_1425x784.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5fIz!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2c1f8bd3-c528-45f4-85e6-c3df56b9b899_1425x784.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5fIz!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2c1f8bd3-c528-45f4-85e6-c3df56b9b899_1425x784.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5fIz!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2c1f8bd3-c528-45f4-85e6-c3df56b9b899_1425x784.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5fIz!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2c1f8bd3-c528-45f4-85e6-c3df56b9b899_1425x784.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5fIz!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2c1f8bd3-c528-45f4-85e6-c3df56b9b899_1425x784.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><p>Smartphones, computers and electric vehicles may be emblems of the modern world, but, says Siddharth Kara, their rechargeable batteries are frequently powered by cobalt mined by workers laboring in slave-like conditions in the Democratic Republic of Congo.</p><p>Kara, a fellow at Harvard&#8217;s T.H. Chan School of Public Health and at the Kennedy School, has been researching modern-day slavery, human trafficking and child labor for two decades. He says that although the DRC has more cobalt reserves than the rest of the planet combined, there&#8217;s no such thing as a &#8220;clean&#8221; supply chain of cobalt from the country. In his new book, <em>Cobalt Red, </em>Kara writes that much of the DRC&#8217;s cobalt is being extracted by so-called &#8220;artisanal&#8221; miners &#8212; freelance workers who do extremely dangerous labor for the equivalent of just a few dollars a day.</p><p>&#8220;You have to imagine walking around some of these mining areas and dialing back our clock centuries,&#8221; Kara says. &#8220;People are working in subhuman, grinding, degrading conditions. They use pickaxes, shovels, stretches of rebar to hack and scrounge at the earth in trenches and pits and tunnels to gather cobalt and feed it up the formal supply chain.&#8221;</p><p>Kara says the mining industry has ravaged the landscape of the DRC. Millions of trees have been cut down, the air around mines is hazy with dust and grit, and the water has been contaminated with toxic effluents from the mining processing. What&#8217;s more, he says, &#8220;Cobalt is toxic to touch and breathe &#8212; and there are hundreds of thousands of poor Congolese people touching and breathing it day in and day out. Young mothers with babies strapped to their backs, all breathing in this toxic cobalt dust.&#8221;</p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t_7Q!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc281fc85-795c-4db2-b42b-4b3800d9dda1_200x200.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t_7Q!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc281fc85-795c-4db2-b42b-4b3800d9dda1_200x200.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t_7Q!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc281fc85-795c-4db2-b42b-4b3800d9dda1_200x200.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t_7Q!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc281fc85-795c-4db2-b42b-4b3800d9dda1_200x200.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t_7Q!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc281fc85-795c-4db2-b42b-4b3800d9dda1_200x200.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t_7Q!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc281fc85-795c-4db2-b42b-4b3800d9dda1_200x200.jpeg" width="200" height="200" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c281fc85-795c-4db2-b42b-4b3800d9dda1_200x200.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:200,&quot;width&quot;:200,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;In Idaho, America's first, and only, cobalt mine in decades is opening&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="In Idaho, America's first, and only, cobalt mine in decades is opening" title="In Idaho, America's first, and only, cobalt mine in decades is opening" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t_7Q!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc281fc85-795c-4db2-b42b-4b3800d9dda1_200x200.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t_7Q!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc281fc85-795c-4db2-b42b-4b3800d9dda1_200x200.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t_7Q!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc281fc85-795c-4db2-b42b-4b3800d9dda1_200x200.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t_7Q!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc281fc85-795c-4db2-b42b-4b3800d9dda1_200x200.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><h3><strong><a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/national/">National</a></strong></h3><h3><strong><a href="https://www.npr.org/2022/10/08/1127310649/in-idaho-americas-first-and-only-cobalt-mine-in-decades-is-opening">In Idaho, America&#8217;s first, and only, cobalt mine in decades is opening</a></strong></h3><blockquote><p>Cobalt is used in the manufacture of almost all lithium ion rechargeable batteries used in the world today. And while those outside of the DRC differentiate between cobalt extracted by the country&#8217;s high-tech industrial mining companies and that which was dug by artisanal miners, Kara says the two are fundamentally intertwined.</p><p>&#8220;There&#8217;s complete cross-contamination between industrial excavator-derived cobalt and cobalt dug by women and children with their bare hands,&#8221; he says. &#8220;Industrial mines, almost all of them, have artisanal miners working, digging in and around them, feeding cobalt into the formal supply chain.&#8221;</p></blockquote><p><strong>Sponsor Message</strong></p><blockquote><p>Kara acknowledges the important role cobalt plays in tech devices and in the transition to sustainable energy sources. Rather than renouncing cobalt entirely, he says people should focus on fixing the supply chain.</p><p>&#8220;We shouldn&#8217;t be transitioning to the use of electric vehicles at the cost of the people and environment of one of the most downtrodden and impoverished corners of the world,&#8221; he says. &#8220;The bottom of the supply chain, where almost all the world&#8217;s cobalt is coming from, is a horror show.&#8221;</p></blockquote><div><hr></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V5Li!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F57b43114-23ec-4c63-a444-0938304804e8_1100x618.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V5Li!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F57b43114-23ec-4c63-a444-0938304804e8_1100x618.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V5Li!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F57b43114-23ec-4c63-a444-0938304804e8_1100x618.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V5Li!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F57b43114-23ec-4c63-a444-0938304804e8_1100x618.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V5Li!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F57b43114-23ec-4c63-a444-0938304804e8_1100x618.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V5Li!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F57b43114-23ec-4c63-a444-0938304804e8_1100x618.jpeg" width="1100" height="618" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/57b43114-23ec-4c63-a444-0938304804e8_1100x618.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:618,&quot;width&quot;:1100,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V5Li!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F57b43114-23ec-4c63-a444-0938304804e8_1100x618.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V5Li!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F57b43114-23ec-4c63-a444-0938304804e8_1100x618.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V5Li!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F57b43114-23ec-4c63-a444-0938304804e8_1100x618.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V5Li!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F57b43114-23ec-4c63-a444-0938304804e8_1100x618.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Some 20,000 people work at Shabara artisanal mine in the DRC, in shifts of 5,000 at a time. The DRC produced approximately <a href="https://www.cobaltinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/FINAL_Cobalt-Market-Report-2021_Cobalt-Institute-1.pdf">74%</a> of the world&#8217;s cobalt in 2021.</p><p><em>Junior Kannah/AFP via Getty Images</em></p><h3><strong>Interview Highlights</strong></h3><h3><strong>On how &#8220;artisanal&#8221; cobalt mines continue to operate in the DRC &#8212; despite being illegal</strong></h3><blockquote><p>Technically, under the law, there should not be artisanal mining taking place in any industrial mine. And yet, lo and behold, at most of the industrial mines, there is some artisanal mining taking place. In some cases, predominantly artisanal mining is taking place. And the reason is, it&#8217;s a penny-wage way to boost production. I mean, imagine you&#8217;re in a part of the world where there are millions of people who barely get a dollar or two a day who are grindingly poor and will accept almost any labor arrangement just to survive. Well, you put them in a tight pit, cram them with 10,000 other people and pay them a couple of dollars, and they&#8217;ll produce thousands of tons of cobalt per year for almost no wages. And so that&#8217;s not legal, but it&#8217;s happening.</p></blockquote><h3><strong>On why these conditions are on par with slavery</strong></h3><div class="pullquote"><p>Imagine an entire population of people who cannot survive without scrounging in hazardous conditions for a dollar or two a day. There is no alternative there. The mines have taken over everything.</p><p>Siddharth Kara</p></div><blockquote><p>Imagine an entire population of people who cannot survive without scrounging in hazardous conditions for a dollar or two a day. There is no alternative there. The mines have taken over everything. Hundreds of thousands of people have been displaced because their villages were just bulldozed over to make place for large mining concessions. So you have people with no alternative, no other source of income, no livelihood. Now, add to that the menace in many cases of armed forces pressuring people to dig, parents having to make a painful decision, &#8216;Do I send my child to school or do we eat today?&#8217; And if they choose the latter, that means bringing all their kids into these toxic pits to dig just to earn that extra fifty cents or a dollar a day, that could mean the difference between eating or not. So in the 21st century, this is modern-day slavery. It&#8217;s not chattel slavery from the 18th century where you can buy and trade people and own title over a person like property. But the level of degradation, the level of exploitation is on par with old-world slavery.</p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GCE5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F605a41c1-5d0f-4033-889d-4fd4c575a643_1100x825.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GCE5!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F605a41c1-5d0f-4033-889d-4fd4c575a643_1100x825.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GCE5!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F605a41c1-5d0f-4033-889d-4fd4c575a643_1100x825.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GCE5!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F605a41c1-5d0f-4033-889d-4fd4c575a643_1100x825.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GCE5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F605a41c1-5d0f-4033-889d-4fd4c575a643_1100x825.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GCE5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F605a41c1-5d0f-4033-889d-4fd4c575a643_1100x825.jpeg" width="1100" height="825" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/605a41c1-5d0f-4033-889d-4fd4c575a643_1100x825.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:825,&quot;width&quot;:1100,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GCE5!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F605a41c1-5d0f-4033-889d-4fd4c575a643_1100x825.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GCE5!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F605a41c1-5d0f-4033-889d-4fd4c575a643_1100x825.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GCE5!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F605a41c1-5d0f-4033-889d-4fd4c575a643_1100x825.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GCE5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F605a41c1-5d0f-4033-889d-4fd4c575a643_1100x825.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>An artisanal miner holds a cobalt stone at the Shabara artisanal mine in the DRC.</p><p><em>Junior Kahhah/AFP via Getty Images</em></p><h3><strong>On the danger of collapse in artisanal mines</strong></h3><div class="pullquote"><p>Imagine a mountain of gravel and stone just avalanching down on people, crushing legs and arms, spines. I met people whose legs had been amputated, who had metal bars in where their legs used to be.</p><p>Siddharth Kara</p></div><p>I spoke with many families whose children, husbands, spouses, had suffered horrific injuries. Oftentimes, digging in these larger open-air pits, there are pit wall collapses. Imagine a mountain of gravel and stone just avalanching down on people, crushing legs and arms, spines. I met people whose legs had been amputated, who had metal bars in where their legs used to be. And then the worst of all is what happens in tunnel digging. There are probably 10,000 to 15,000 tunnels that are dug by hand by artisanal miners. None of them have supports, ventilation shafts, rock bolts, anything like that. And these tunnels collapse all the time, burying alive everyone who is down there, including children. It's a demise that is almost impossibly horrific to imagine. And yet I met mothers pounding their chests in grief, talking about their children who had been buried alive in a tunnel collapse. And these stories never get out of the Congo. People just don't know what's happening down there.</p><p><strong>Sponsor Message</strong></p><h3><strong>On the trafficking of children to work in the mines</strong></h3><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vvQ6!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd281ea16-ae44-4c2b-b4c3-95eeef3a446e_1100x1672.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vvQ6!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd281ea16-ae44-4c2b-b4c3-95eeef3a446e_1100x1672.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vvQ6!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd281ea16-ae44-4c2b-b4c3-95eeef3a446e_1100x1672.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vvQ6!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd281ea16-ae44-4c2b-b4c3-95eeef3a446e_1100x1672.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vvQ6!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd281ea16-ae44-4c2b-b4c3-95eeef3a446e_1100x1672.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vvQ6!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd281ea16-ae44-4c2b-b4c3-95eeef3a446e_1100x1672.jpeg" width="1100" height="1672" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d281ea16-ae44-4c2b-b4c3-95eeef3a446e_1100x1672.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1672,&quot;width&quot;:1100,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Cobalt Red, by Siddharth Kara&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="Cobalt Red, by Siddharth Kara" title="Cobalt Red, by Siddharth Kara" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vvQ6!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd281ea16-ae44-4c2b-b4c3-95eeef3a446e_1100x1672.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vvQ6!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd281ea16-ae44-4c2b-b4c3-95eeef3a446e_1100x1672.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vvQ6!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd281ea16-ae44-4c2b-b4c3-95eeef3a446e_1100x1672.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vvQ6!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd281ea16-ae44-4c2b-b4c3-95eeef3a446e_1100x1672.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>MacMillan</em></p><p>There's money to be made in every corner and every direction. And you've got these militias. Sometimes they're called commandos and they will abduct children, traffic children, recruit children from even other parts of the Congo. I met children who had come from hundreds of miles away and have been brought through militia networks down into the copper cobalt mines to dig. And as they dig and earn their dollar or two, that's what funds these militia groups. So children are the most heavily exploited of all the people down there. They're the most vulnerable and oftentimes trafficked and exploited in some cases in very violent circumstances.</p><h3><strong>On government corruption preventing change</strong></h3><p>Corruption is a big part of the problem. That's what allows so much of this abuse to persist. And the thing is, imagine the Congo. It's a war-torn, deeply impoverished nation that has been subjected to generations of pillage and ransacking going all the way back, now centuries, to the slave trade. And so when big foreign stakeholders come waving around large sums of money, it's not a long stretch of the imagination to see that there would be corruption. ...</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jBI8!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa1d33e57-5e90-4320-bb69-bce5472ed648_200x200.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jBI8!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa1d33e57-5e90-4320-bb69-bce5472ed648_200x200.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jBI8!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa1d33e57-5e90-4320-bb69-bce5472ed648_200x200.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jBI8!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa1d33e57-5e90-4320-bb69-bce5472ed648_200x200.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jBI8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa1d33e57-5e90-4320-bb69-bce5472ed648_200x200.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jBI8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa1d33e57-5e90-4320-bb69-bce5472ed648_200x200.jpeg" width="200" height="200" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/a1d33e57-5e90-4320-bb69-bce5472ed648_200x200.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:200,&quot;width&quot;:200,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Belgium returned a single tooth to the Congo this week. Here's why&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="Belgium returned a single tooth to the Congo this week. Here's why" title="Belgium returned a single tooth to the Congo this week. Here's why" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jBI8!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa1d33e57-5e90-4320-bb69-bce5472ed648_200x200.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jBI8!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa1d33e57-5e90-4320-bb69-bce5472ed648_200x200.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jBI8!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa1d33e57-5e90-4320-bb69-bce5472ed648_200x200.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jBI8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa1d33e57-5e90-4320-bb69-bce5472ed648_200x200.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><h3><strong><a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/world/">World</a></strong></h3><h3><strong><a href="https://www.npr.org/2022/06/21/1106280226/belgium-colonialism-democratic-republic-congo-lumumba-tooth">Belgium returned a single tooth to the Congo this week. Here&#8217;s why</a></strong></h3><p>The first democratically elected president of the Congo [in 1960], Patrice Lumumba, made a pledge that the country's immense mineral riches and resources would be used for the benefit of the people who live there. And in short order, within six months, he had been deposed, assassinated, chopped to pieces, dissolved in acid and replaced with a bloody dictator, a corrupt dictator who would keep the minerals flowing in the right direction. So if you don't play ball with the power brokers at the top of the chain and with the Global North, Patrice Lumumba showed what's the outcome, what will happen. And I think that's also a part of this lesson that we need to understand historically, when we talk about things like corruption.</p><h3><strong>On how China came to own most of the industrial mines in the Congo</strong></h3><p>China cornered the global cobalt market before anyone knew what was happening. It goes back to the year 2009 under the previous president in the Congo,</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DiWP!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F122351e9-43e0-43b4-a596-72072c925c97_1100x618.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DiWP!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F122351e9-43e0-43b4-a596-72072c925c97_1100x618.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DiWP!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F122351e9-43e0-43b4-a596-72072c925c97_1100x618.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DiWP!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F122351e9-43e0-43b4-a596-72072c925c97_1100x618.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DiWP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F122351e9-43e0-43b4-a596-72072c925c97_1100x618.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DiWP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F122351e9-43e0-43b4-a596-72072c925c97_1100x618.jpeg" width="1100" height="618" 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class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h1>The 33rd Element</h1><p>You know how <em>they</em> like to leave their calling card with these hoaxes, well this one is really quite in your face. Outlined above is the appalling slavery of past and present that is quite obviously hazardous to human life, endangering the men, women and children forced either directly or indirectly ( because globalist corporations have mechanized the process elsewhere pushing more artisanal mining to occur to be able to keep up with the wealth disparity of inevitable inflation). </p><p>One thing that none of the news articles really seem to touch upon is the massive release of naturally occurring toxins, poisons and heavy metals released into the environment, waterways and air but also the vast amount of toxic chemicals that are used in the mining process itself. One of those that is very frequently occurring is Arsenic, which just so happens to be atomic number 33, the 33rd element in the periodic table (Huge Eye Roll). It is going to be the element we focus in on in this article, but for sake of clarity there are MANY MANY others involved and released in the mining activates including mercury, lead, manganese and cyanide.  </p><h1>&#129521; 1) Toxic elements released from the earth (naturally present in ores)</h1><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qVPe!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F519bd5e9-bae9-4e20-9407-795f2f43b242_1290x860.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qVPe!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F519bd5e9-bae9-4e20-9407-795f2f43b242_1290x860.jpeg 424w, 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metalloids</h3><ul><li><p>Arsenic</p></li><li><p>Lead</p></li><li><p>Mercury</p></li><li><p>Cadmium</p></li><li><p>Chromium (especially toxic Cr(VI))</p></li><li><p>Nickel</p></li><li><p>Copper (toxic at high levels)</p></li><li><p>Cobalt (can cause lung/heart issues)</p></li><li><p>Manganese (neurological toxicity)</p></li></ul><h3>Radioactive elements (sometimes present)</h3><ul><li><p>Uranium</p></li><li><p>Thorium</p></li></ul><h3>What happens:</h3><p>When exposed to air and water, these can form <strong>acid mine drainage</strong> and leach into rivers, soil, and drinking water.</p><div><hr></div><h1>&#9879;&#65039; 2) Toxic chemicals used in gold mining</h1><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AnpF!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd07cfa24-a833-46a5-a2a6-8cccd5901e1f_432x324.jpeg" 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https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-aTb!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7d703b32-7bb9-4dc5-b930-ec074cc40d77_1293x860.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-aTb!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7d703b32-7bb9-4dc5-b930-ec074cc40d77_1293x860.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 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<strong>cyanide leaching</strong> to dissolve gold</p></li><li><p>Mercury<br>&#128073; Used in <strong>artisanal mining</strong> to form gold amalgam (very dangerous)</p></li></ul><h3>Other associated chemicals</h3><ul><li><p>Sulfuric acid</p></li><li><p>Nitric acid</p></li><li><p>Hydrochloric acid<br>&#128073; Used in refining and ore treatment</p></li><li><p>Lime (to control pH, but still reactive)</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h1>&#128267; 3) Toxic chemicals used in cobalt &amp; copper mining</h1><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GmTY!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fee74a508-7c2d-418d-8f2e-3df1c49579bb_1000x560.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" 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href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Wzf_!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc274cf38-0e08-4ef1-8309-a58c576c55f1_960x640.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Wzf_!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc274cf38-0e08-4ef1-8309-a58c576c55f1_960x640.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Wzf_!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc274cf38-0e08-4ef1-8309-a58c576c55f1_960x640.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Wzf_!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc274cf38-0e08-4ef1-8309-a58c576c55f1_960x640.jpeg 1272w, 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acids</h3><ul><li><p>Sulfuric acid (the most common)</p></li></ul><h3>Solvent extraction chemicals</h3><ul><li><p>Organic solvents (e.g., kerosene-based mixtures)</p></li><li><p>Phosphoric acid derivatives (to separate metals)</p></li></ul><h3>Other reagents</h3><ul><li><p>Ammonia</p></li><li><p>Sodium hydroxide</p></li><li><p>Hydrogen peroxide</p></li></ul><p>These help dissolve, separate, and purify cobalt and copper.</p><div><hr></div><h1>&#9763;&#65039; 4) Toxic byproducts created during mining</h1><p>Even if not directly added, mining generates dangerous substances:</p><h3>Acid mine drainage</h3><ul><li><p>Forms when sulfide minerals react with air + water</p></li><li><p>Produces sulfuric acid + dissolved metals</p></li></ul><h3>Toxic gases</h3><ul><li><p>Sulfur dioxide</p></li><li><p>Hydrogen sulfide</p></li></ul><h3>Dust &amp; particulates</h3><ul><li><p>Silica dust (causes lung disease)</p></li><li><p>Metal-laden dust (cobalt, uranium, etc.) </p></li></ul><h1>Putting 3 and 3 together.</h1><p>As explained above, one of the elements regularly released in all of the different mining activities both artisanal and industrial is Arsenic. Not only direct poisoning but much worse it waterway and air contamination. Now we should all be very aware having heard of Arsenic as being used as one of the most prevalent poisons for thousands of years:</p><p><strong>Arsenic has been used as a poison for thousands of years</strong>, and it&#8217;s one of the most infamous poisons in history.</p><div><hr></div><h2>&#129514; Why arsenic was so widely used</h2><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BYDF!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8793d25b-4f87-495a-8947-0cbbc4b8b8f2_600x800.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BYDF!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8793d25b-4f87-495a-8947-0cbbc4b8b8f2_600x800.jpeg 424w, 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https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9CEM!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94c4c49b-dccf-47dc-9752-7900fe980062_566x566.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9CEM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94c4c49b-dccf-47dc-9752-7900fe980062_566x566.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Arsenic became a &#8220;classic&#8221; poison because:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Colorless, tasteless, and odorless</strong> (in common forms like arsenic trioxide)</p></li><li><p>Easy to mix into food or drink</p></li><li><p>Causes symptoms (vomiting, diarrhea) that used to look like natural illness</p></li><li><p>Widely available historically in medicines, pesticides, and pigments</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h2>&#127963;&#65039; Historical use as poison</h2><h3>Ancient world</h3><ul><li><p>Known in ancient Greece and Rome</p></li><li><p>The Roman writer Pliny the Elder described arsenic compounds</p></li><li><p>Poisoning was already associated with political intrigue</p></li></ul><h3>Renaissance &amp; early modern Europe</h3><ul><li><p>Became notorious among elites and nobility</p></li><li><p>Sometimes called <strong>&#8220;inheritance powder&#8221;</strong> because it was used to eliminate rivals or family members</p></li><li><p>Associated with famous poisoning cases (e.g., the Borgia family&#8212;though some stories are exaggerated)</p></li></ul><h3>18th&#8211;19th centuries</h3><ul><li><p>Arsenic poisoning became extremely common</p></li><li><p>Sold openly as rat poison and even used in cosmetics and medicines</p></li><li><p>Earned the nickname <strong>&#8220;the king of poisons&#8221;.</strong></p></li></ul><p>So I mean call me a conspiracy theorist and stuff but I just thought I&#8217;d have a look at what the symptomology of Arsenic Poisoning was and compare it side by side with that of claimed &#8220;Ebola&#8221;, largely as outlined at the very start of this article that it just isn&#8217;t very plausible that some &#8220;viruses&#8221; do nothing then all of a sudden some just melt your face off. Just to really ram home the point I made a little infographic about it:  </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bvLn!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F483d3660-a398-4477-81fc-105279c356e7_456x679.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bvLn!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F483d3660-a398-4477-81fc-105279c356e7_456x679.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bvLn!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F483d3660-a398-4477-81fc-105279c356e7_456x679.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bvLn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F483d3660-a398-4477-81fc-105279c356e7_456x679.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bvLn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F483d3660-a398-4477-81fc-105279c356e7_456x679.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bvLn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F483d3660-a398-4477-81fc-105279c356e7_456x679.jpeg" width="456" height="679" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/483d3660-a398-4477-81fc-105279c356e7_456x679.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:679,&quot;width&quot;:456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:51260,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/198951190?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F483d3660-a398-4477-81fc-105279c356e7_456x679.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bvLn!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F483d3660-a398-4477-81fc-105279c356e7_456x679.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bvLn!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F483d3660-a398-4477-81fc-105279c356e7_456x679.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bvLn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F483d3660-a398-4477-81fc-105279c356e7_456x679.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bvLn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F483d3660-a398-4477-81fc-105279c356e7_456x679.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>So interestingly enough, Arsenic poisoning happens to share absolutely identical symptomology with claimed &#8220;Ebola&#8221; (this gets better). I then made an infographic of the latest hotspots and cases of the 2026 &#8220;Outbreak&#8221; in DR Congo and laid it over a picture of known high Arsenic contamination levels in mining areas and waterway channels connected to them. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fn7v!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ac1ebf4-4460-4c6b-ab49-fc03b1fe70d1_680x453.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fn7v!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ac1ebf4-4460-4c6b-ab49-fc03b1fe70d1_680x453.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fn7v!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ac1ebf4-4460-4c6b-ab49-fc03b1fe70d1_680x453.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fn7v!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ac1ebf4-4460-4c6b-ab49-fc03b1fe70d1_680x453.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fn7v!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ac1ebf4-4460-4c6b-ab49-fc03b1fe70d1_680x453.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fn7v!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ac1ebf4-4460-4c6b-ab49-fc03b1fe70d1_680x453.jpeg" width="680" height="453" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fn7v!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ac1ebf4-4460-4c6b-ab49-fc03b1fe70d1_680x453.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fn7v!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ac1ebf4-4460-4c6b-ab49-fc03b1fe70d1_680x453.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fn7v!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ac1ebf4-4460-4c6b-ab49-fc03b1fe70d1_680x453.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fn7v!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ac1ebf4-4460-4c6b-ab49-fc03b1fe70d1_680x453.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Would you know it that they neatly line up in these areas. Further to this it is well documented that many clusters of these come directly from mine workers themselves, as well as many other African countries that have supposedly experienced these &#8220;Outbreaks&#8221;.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VW0m!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5012189a-b6e8-4cb2-9036-e920ccd78dca_679x239.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VW0m!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5012189a-b6e8-4cb2-9036-e920ccd78dca_679x239.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VW0m!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5012189a-b6e8-4cb2-9036-e920ccd78dca_679x239.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VW0m!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5012189a-b6e8-4cb2-9036-e920ccd78dca_679x239.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VW0m!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5012189a-b6e8-4cb2-9036-e920ccd78dca_679x239.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VW0m!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5012189a-b6e8-4cb2-9036-e920ccd78dca_679x239.png" width="679" height="239" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VW0m!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5012189a-b6e8-4cb2-9036-e920ccd78dca_679x239.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VW0m!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5012189a-b6e8-4cb2-9036-e920ccd78dca_679x239.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VW0m!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5012189a-b6e8-4cb2-9036-e920ccd78dca_679x239.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VW0m!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5012189a-b6e8-4cb2-9036-e920ccd78dca_679x239.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J9Tc!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3f2d4d98-cb64-4227-82b9-5895786a9801_720x1215.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J9Tc!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3f2d4d98-cb64-4227-82b9-5895786a9801_720x1215.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J9Tc!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3f2d4d98-cb64-4227-82b9-5895786a9801_720x1215.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J9Tc!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3f2d4d98-cb64-4227-82b9-5895786a9801_720x1215.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J9Tc!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3f2d4d98-cb64-4227-82b9-5895786a9801_720x1215.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J9Tc!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3f2d4d98-cb64-4227-82b9-5895786a9801_720x1215.jpeg" width="720" height="1215" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/3f2d4d98-cb64-4227-82b9-5895786a9801_720x1215.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1215,&quot;width&quot;:720,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:150833,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/198951190?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3f2d4d98-cb64-4227-82b9-5895786a9801_720x1215.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J9Tc!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3f2d4d98-cb64-4227-82b9-5895786a9801_720x1215.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J9Tc!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3f2d4d98-cb64-4227-82b9-5895786a9801_720x1215.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J9Tc!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3f2d4d98-cb64-4227-82b9-5895786a9801_720x1215.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J9Tc!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3f2d4d98-cb64-4227-82b9-5895786a9801_720x1215.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h1>Da &#8220;Virus&#8221;</h1><p>We&#8217;ve kind of worked backwards in this article, usually we start with the smallest thing first (The non existent entity), work through its lack of contagion then finally onto the plausible substitutes for what is actually causing the blamed disease, if applicable. With Ebola, because of the so very obvious localized Terrain that this occurs in and with a culprit so bang on, I thought I would start with all of that evidence and leave the ridiculousness to the end. Really the Virological part to the &#8220;Ebola&#8221; hoax is so laughable it hurts, especially for the actual particle they claim it is. </p><p>First on the chopping board is claimed contagion. Obviously the &#8220;ethics&#8221; committee is in full flow on this one, because the gasping and shock horror sounds when you suggest that they provide you any evidence of human transmission that wasn&#8217;t don&#8217;t with Kary Mullis&#8217; flashing fraud box. &#8220;No!&#8221; they proclaim &#8220;Why everyone would die! if we infected them with Ebola!!&#8221;. Again these torture junkies are salivating at the bit to kill lots of animals though aren&#8217;t they, so let&#8217;s have a look at when they gave what they consider to be purified &#8220;Kidney Melter&#8221; to a bunch of Rhesus Monkeys:</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/7/753" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8nmC!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F96f93054-92e2-4175-959c-669c8796ce76_680x604.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8nmC!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F96f93054-92e2-4175-959c-669c8796ce76_680x604.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8nmC!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F96f93054-92e2-4175-959c-669c8796ce76_680x604.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8nmC!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F96f93054-92e2-4175-959c-669c8796ce76_680x604.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8nmC!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F96f93054-92e2-4175-959c-669c8796ce76_680x604.png" width="680" height="604" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/96f93054-92e2-4175-959c-669c8796ce76_680x604.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:604,&quot;width&quot;:680,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:264426,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/7/753&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/198951190?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F96f93054-92e2-4175-959c-669c8796ce76_680x604.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8nmC!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F96f93054-92e2-4175-959c-669c8796ce76_680x604.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8nmC!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F96f93054-92e2-4175-959c-669c8796ce76_680x604.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8nmC!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F96f93054-92e2-4175-959c-669c8796ce76_680x604.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8nmC!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F96f93054-92e2-4175-959c-669c8796ce76_680x604.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>That&#8217;s right, shortly before Euthanizing them (once again the Ethics committee- the HR of the clinical trials world, weigh in on this one to cover up the failure) they logged the symptoms of these monkeys and the only thing they managed to track was a lack of biscuit consumption. I mean call me a skeptic but if you were trapped in a cage, held down and injected with shit and then saw all of your mates being taken away one by one, it might put you off your digestives a bit. But needless to say, not even a snifter of melted kidneys were seen in these symptom sets, as usual they kill the monkeys, dissect them and point at different color of the brutalized body parts they have brutalized with their dissection. </p><h1>TEM</h1><h2><strong>Mainstream Consensus:</strong></h2><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t_oX!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb8764bd0-a5b5-4611-a00a-2256b9685e09_837x690.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t_oX!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb8764bd0-a5b5-4611-a00a-2256b9685e09_837x690.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t_oX!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb8764bd0-a5b5-4611-a00a-2256b9685e09_837x690.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t_oX!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb8764bd0-a5b5-4611-a00a-2256b9685e09_837x690.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t_oX!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb8764bd0-a5b5-4611-a00a-2256b9685e09_837x690.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t_oX!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb8764bd0-a5b5-4611-a00a-2256b9685e09_837x690.png" width="837" height="690" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t_oX!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb8764bd0-a5b5-4611-a00a-2256b9685e09_837x690.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t_oX!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb8764bd0-a5b5-4611-a00a-2256b9685e09_837x690.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t_oX!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb8764bd0-a5b5-4611-a00a-2256b9685e09_837x690.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t_oX!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb8764bd0-a5b5-4611-a00a-2256b9685e09_837x690.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h3></h3><p>From the Published, Peer Reviewed Journal of Virology images of claimed Ebola Virus in Vero Cells:</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/jvi.78.2.999-1005.2004" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5PFO!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F999297c5-5c9e-43c5-8ccc-223929f2b497_1156x338.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5PFO!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F999297c5-5c9e-43c5-8ccc-223929f2b497_1156x338.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5PFO!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F999297c5-5c9e-43c5-8ccc-223929f2b497_1156x338.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5PFO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F999297c5-5c9e-43c5-8ccc-223929f2b497_1156x338.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5PFO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F999297c5-5c9e-43c5-8ccc-223929f2b497_1156x338.png" width="1156" height="338" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/999297c5-5c9e-43c5-8ccc-223929f2b497_1156x338.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:338,&quot;width&quot;:1156,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:55195,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/jvi.78.2.999-1005.2004&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/178170331?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F999297c5-5c9e-43c5-8ccc-223929f2b497_1156x338.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5PFO!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F999297c5-5c9e-43c5-8ccc-223929f2b497_1156x338.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5PFO!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F999297c5-5c9e-43c5-8ccc-223929f2b497_1156x338.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5PFO!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F999297c5-5c9e-43c5-8ccc-223929f2b497_1156x338.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5PFO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F999297c5-5c9e-43c5-8ccc-223929f2b497_1156x338.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/jvi.78.2.999-1005.2004" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!K2_z!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9ef1a068-c1aa-4f53-b218-c50e9cdf92e6_1092x518.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!K2_z!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9ef1a068-c1aa-4f53-b218-c50e9cdf92e6_1092x518.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!K2_z!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9ef1a068-c1aa-4f53-b218-c50e9cdf92e6_1092x518.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!K2_z!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9ef1a068-c1aa-4f53-b218-c50e9cdf92e6_1092x518.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!K2_z!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9ef1a068-c1aa-4f53-b218-c50e9cdf92e6_1092x518.png" width="1092" height="518" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/9ef1a068-c1aa-4f53-b218-c50e9cdf92e6_1092x518.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:518,&quot;width&quot;:1092,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:553368,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/jvi.78.2.999-1005.2004&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/178170331?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9ef1a068-c1aa-4f53-b218-c50e9cdf92e6_1092x518.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!K2_z!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9ef1a068-c1aa-4f53-b218-c50e9cdf92e6_1092x518.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!K2_z!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9ef1a068-c1aa-4f53-b218-c50e9cdf92e6_1092x518.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!K2_z!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9ef1a068-c1aa-4f53-b218-c50e9cdf92e6_1092x518.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!K2_z!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9ef1a068-c1aa-4f53-b218-c50e9cdf92e6_1092x518.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Source 2: Claimed Zaire Ebola on Research Gate</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Morphological-characteristics-of-Zaire-ebolavirus-ZEBOV-replication-A-Ultrathin_fig2_51651908" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xs5x!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9a7f58c1-15e5-428d-a6ca-4348a1306bf4_850x973.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xs5x!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9a7f58c1-15e5-428d-a6ca-4348a1306bf4_850x973.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xs5x!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9a7f58c1-15e5-428d-a6ca-4348a1306bf4_850x973.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xs5x!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9a7f58c1-15e5-428d-a6ca-4348a1306bf4_850x973.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xs5x!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9a7f58c1-15e5-428d-a6ca-4348a1306bf4_850x973.jpeg" width="850" height="973" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/9a7f58c1-15e5-428d-a6ca-4348a1306bf4_850x973.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:973,&quot;width&quot;:850,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:311997,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Morphological-characteristics-of-Zaire-ebolavirus-ZEBOV-replication-A-Ultrathin_fig2_51651908&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/178170331?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9a7f58c1-15e5-428d-a6ca-4348a1306bf4_850x973.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xs5x!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9a7f58c1-15e5-428d-a6ca-4348a1306bf4_850x973.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xs5x!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9a7f58c1-15e5-428d-a6ca-4348a1306bf4_850x973.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xs5x!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9a7f58c1-15e5-428d-a6ca-4348a1306bf4_850x973.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xs5x!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9a7f58c1-15e5-428d-a6ca-4348a1306bf4_850x973.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Source 3: Claimed Human Cell Expressing Ebola Protein with Ebola Virions visible</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://www.eurekalert.org/multimedia/600846" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UiU1!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fffc26923-fb79-4edb-a144-8f3e9ffea4ef_480x503.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UiU1!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fffc26923-fb79-4edb-a144-8f3e9ffea4ef_480x503.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UiU1!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fffc26923-fb79-4edb-a144-8f3e9ffea4ef_480x503.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UiU1!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fffc26923-fb79-4edb-a144-8f3e9ffea4ef_480x503.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UiU1!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fffc26923-fb79-4edb-a144-8f3e9ffea4ef_480x503.jpeg" width="480" height="503" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/ffc26923-fb79-4edb-a144-8f3e9ffea4ef_480x503.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:503,&quot;width&quot;:480,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:54663,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https://www.eurekalert.org/multimedia/600846&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/178170331?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fffc26923-fb79-4edb-a144-8f3e9ffea4ef_480x503.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UiU1!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fffc26923-fb79-4edb-a144-8f3e9ffea4ef_480x503.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UiU1!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fffc26923-fb79-4edb-a144-8f3e9ffea4ef_480x503.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UiU1!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fffc26923-fb79-4edb-a144-8f3e9ffea4ef_480x503.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UiU1!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fffc26923-fb79-4edb-a144-8f3e9ffea4ef_480x503.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Source 4:</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Electron-microscopy-of-ebolavirus-infected-cells-on-day-4-post-infection-A-Large-viral_fig1_43159494" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kRTP!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdd082330-ba7f-4c7e-a291-1173da438e60_747x632.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kRTP!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdd082330-ba7f-4c7e-a291-1173da438e60_747x632.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kRTP!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdd082330-ba7f-4c7e-a291-1173da438e60_747x632.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kRTP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdd082330-ba7f-4c7e-a291-1173da438e60_747x632.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kRTP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdd082330-ba7f-4c7e-a291-1173da438e60_747x632.png" width="747" height="632" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/dd082330-ba7f-4c7e-a291-1173da438e60_747x632.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:632,&quot;width&quot;:747,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:393697,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Electron-microscopy-of-ebolavirus-infected-cells-on-day-4-post-infection-A-Large-viral_fig1_43159494&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/178170331?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdd082330-ba7f-4c7e-a291-1173da438e60_747x632.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kRTP!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdd082330-ba7f-4c7e-a291-1173da438e60_747x632.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kRTP!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdd082330-ba7f-4c7e-a291-1173da438e60_747x632.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kRTP!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdd082330-ba7f-4c7e-a291-1173da438e60_747x632.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kRTP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdd082330-ba7f-4c7e-a291-1173da438e60_747x632.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2><strong>Control Culture TEMs:</strong></h2><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dooZ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F78e5b6ed-ba35-494f-9ac7-9cd2e3adaf88_930x780.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dooZ!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F78e5b6ed-ba35-494f-9ac7-9cd2e3adaf88_930x780.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dooZ!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F78e5b6ed-ba35-494f-9ac7-9cd2e3adaf88_930x780.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dooZ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F78e5b6ed-ba35-494f-9ac7-9cd2e3adaf88_930x780.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dooZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F78e5b6ed-ba35-494f-9ac7-9cd2e3adaf88_930x780.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dooZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F78e5b6ed-ba35-494f-9ac7-9cd2e3adaf88_930x780.png" width="930" height="780" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/78e5b6ed-ba35-494f-9ac7-9cd2e3adaf88_930x780.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:780,&quot;width&quot;:930,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:663561,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/178170331?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F78e5b6ed-ba35-494f-9ac7-9cd2e3adaf88_930x780.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dooZ!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F78e5b6ed-ba35-494f-9ac7-9cd2e3adaf88_930x780.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dooZ!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F78e5b6ed-ba35-494f-9ac7-9cd2e3adaf88_930x780.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dooZ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F78e5b6ed-ba35-494f-9ac7-9cd2e3adaf88_930x780.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dooZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F78e5b6ed-ba35-494f-9ac7-9cd2e3adaf88_930x780.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Phg1!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fee96d0f2-21ea-4ef2-abf2-79b583f60538_1071x756.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Phg1!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fee96d0f2-21ea-4ef2-abf2-79b583f60538_1071x756.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Phg1!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fee96d0f2-21ea-4ef2-abf2-79b583f60538_1071x756.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Phg1!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fee96d0f2-21ea-4ef2-abf2-79b583f60538_1071x756.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Phg1!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fee96d0f2-21ea-4ef2-abf2-79b583f60538_1071x756.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Phg1!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fee96d0f2-21ea-4ef2-abf2-79b583f60538_1071x756.png" width="1071" height="756" 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https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FybW!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb3c608b7-dbb9-4f5d-a0b4-0a62553d08f5_1198x1016.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FybW!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb3c608b7-dbb9-4f5d-a0b4-0a62553d08f5_1198x1016.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FybW!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb3c608b7-dbb9-4f5d-a0b4-0a62553d08f5_1198x1016.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FybW!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb3c608b7-dbb9-4f5d-a0b4-0a62553d08f5_1198x1016.png" width="1198" height="1016" 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The American Society For MicroBiology even uses Vero cells to claim to show Ebola Virions, a cell that is well known to have plenty of Filopodia as shown in our uninfected culture TEM.</p><h1>A Milky Culture</h1><p>Thank you to Marvin Haberland and NEXT Level for pointing this ridiculously funny cell culture self own. In this paper it is about &#8220;Ebola&#8221; which is why I will include it here in this article, however it really isn&#8217;t anything specific rather than falsifying the Cell Culture Isolation Technique (Once again- as if it wasn&#8217;t already lying in tatters on the floor. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/11/2/161" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fai2!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fea4b7a3b-f856-47d4-9445-4794648e8028_1083x497.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fai2!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fea4b7a3b-f856-47d4-9445-4794648e8028_1083x497.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fai2!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fea4b7a3b-f856-47d4-9445-4794648e8028_1083x497.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fai2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fea4b7a3b-f856-47d4-9445-4794648e8028_1083x497.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fai2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fea4b7a3b-f856-47d4-9445-4794648e8028_1083x497.png" width="1083" height="497" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/ea4b7a3b-f856-47d4-9445-4794648e8028_1083x497.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:497,&quot;width&quot;:1083,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:98122,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/11/2/161&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/198951190?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fea4b7a3b-f856-47d4-9445-4794648e8028_1083x497.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fai2!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fea4b7a3b-f856-47d4-9445-4794648e8028_1083x497.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fai2!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fea4b7a3b-f856-47d4-9445-4794648e8028_1083x497.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fai2!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fea4b7a3b-f856-47d4-9445-4794648e8028_1083x497.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fai2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fea4b7a3b-f856-47d4-9445-4794648e8028_1083x497.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h4 style="text-align: justify;"><em>3.5. Breast Milk and Semen Induced Cytotoxicity Using In Vitro and In Vivo Isolation Methods</em></h4><p>The matrix effect (cytotoxicity) of normal breast milk and semen was tested in MDM, Vero E6, and Huh-7 cells. Breast milk or semen, whether whole or clarified by centrifugation, were added to 90% confluent monolayers of each of the three cell types. A control flask with only media was incubated in parallel. Cell monolayers were photographed at days 0 (after 1-h incubation), 3, 7, and 10 post-exposure (not all images shown, <strong><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/11/2/161#fig_body_display_viruses-11-00161-f005">Figure 5</a></strong>). Breast milk was cytotoxic on Vero E6 and MDM cells at volumes of 50 and 100 &#181;L. However, breast milk visually appears less toxic in Huh-7 cells. Toxicity was initially identified (day 0 post-exposure) in the 100-&#181;L treatment, and the cell monolayer recovered by day 10 post-exposure. Breast milk that was clarified by centrifugation was not toxic at the concentrations tested. Whole semen and semen clarified by centrifugation were both slightly cytotoxic in MDM cells but not Vero E6 or Huh-7 cells (<strong><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/11/2/161#table_body_display_viruses-11-00161-t003">Table 3</a></strong>). Images of cell monolayers at ten days following semen or breast milk exposure are displayed (<strong><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/11/2/161#fig_body_display_viruses-11-00161-f005">Figure 5</a></strong>).</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!C9Sc!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0491a84d-7bb6-4391-a9a7-0868194aab26_550x338.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!C9Sc!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0491a84d-7bb6-4391-a9a7-0868194aab26_550x338.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!C9Sc!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0491a84d-7bb6-4391-a9a7-0868194aab26_550x338.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!C9Sc!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0491a84d-7bb6-4391-a9a7-0868194aab26_550x338.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!C9Sc!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0491a84d-7bb6-4391-a9a7-0868194aab26_550x338.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!C9Sc!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0491a84d-7bb6-4391-a9a7-0868194aab26_550x338.jpeg" width="550" height="338" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/0491a84d-7bb6-4391-a9a7-0868194aab26_550x338.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:338,&quot;width&quot;:550,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:95654,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/198951190?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0491a84d-7bb6-4391-a9a7-0868194aab26_550x338.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!C9Sc!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0491a84d-7bb6-4391-a9a7-0868194aab26_550x338.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!C9Sc!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0491a84d-7bb6-4391-a9a7-0868194aab26_550x338.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!C9Sc!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0491a84d-7bb6-4391-a9a7-0868194aab26_550x338.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!C9Sc!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0491a84d-7bb6-4391-a9a7-0868194aab26_550x338.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><strong>Figure 5.</strong> 10&#215; images of MDM, Vero E6, and Huh-7 cells taken 10 days following exposure to select volumes of normal semen, breast milk, or cell culture media (control). Breast milk was toxic at 50 and 100 &#181;L/T-25 flask on Vero E6 cells (no cells present after 10 days) and MDM cells, but toxicity was less on these cells than on Huh7 cells.</p><p>Additionally, two litters of suckling laboratory mice were injected IC with 10 &#181;L of breast milk, semen, or cell culture media. No laboratory mice experienced fatality during the 10 days after injection (<strong><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/11/2/161#table_body_display_viruses-11-00161-t003">Table 3</a></strong>). Two animals exposed to semen did not recover from anesthesia and were not counted against the number of survivors.</p><p>To determine if matrix effect impacts virus isolation success, spiked semen and breast milk were inoculated onto VeroE6, Huh-7, or MDM cells as described above. Results were compared to media only preparations using the log binomial likelihood ratio statistic and compared to the chi-squared reference distribution with significance considered at the 0.05 level. Again, there was no statistical difference in isolation success for spiked media samples across cell types. VeroE6 and Huh-7 cells were both successful at isolating virus at the same dilutions (<em>p</em> = 0.96) and both demonstrated significantly better virus isolation success from spiked semen samples than MDM cells (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). Virus was not isolated from any of the spiked breast milk samples even though the cell monolayers appeared healthy. Isolation success from spiked semen or media were not significantly different by across the cell types (<strong><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/11/2/161#table_body_display_viruses-11-00161-t004">Table 4</a></strong>).</p><p><strong>Table 4.</strong> Virus isolation success from spiked breast milk and semen samples (<em>n</em> = 12).</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hA5C!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F601f0c35-29e4-49cb-bb8a-50c169736481_852x642.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hA5C!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F601f0c35-29e4-49cb-bb8a-50c169736481_852x642.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hA5C!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F601f0c35-29e4-49cb-bb8a-50c169736481_852x642.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hA5C!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F601f0c35-29e4-49cb-bb8a-50c169736481_852x642.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hA5C!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F601f0c35-29e4-49cb-bb8a-50c169736481_852x642.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hA5C!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F601f0c35-29e4-49cb-bb8a-50c169736481_852x642.png" width="852" height="642" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/601f0c35-29e4-49cb-bb8a-50c169736481_852x642.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:642,&quot;width&quot;:852,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:43704,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/198951190?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F601f0c35-29e4-49cb-bb8a-50c169736481_852x642.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hA5C!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F601f0c35-29e4-49cb-bb8a-50c169736481_852x642.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hA5C!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F601f0c35-29e4-49cb-bb8a-50c169736481_852x642.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hA5C!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F601f0c35-29e4-49cb-bb8a-50c169736481_852x642.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hA5C!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F601f0c35-29e4-49cb-bb8a-50c169736481_852x642.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>4. Discussion</strong></h2><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Potential semen- or breast milk-associated matrix toxicity was also assessed for these same methods. Huh-7 cells and brains of suckling BALB/c laboratory mice were the most resistant to breast milk-associated matrix toxicity. Interestingly, concentrations of breast milk that were shown to be toxic when unaltered were not toxic following clarification by centrifugation. This suggests the matrix cytotoxicity of breast milk is most likely related to components of the sample that were centrifuged out. Whole semen and semen clarified by centrifugation were both slightly cytotoxic in MDM cells but not Vero E6 or Huh-7 cells, suggesting the cytotoxicity is related to soluble matrix components that were not removed by the centrifugation process. <a href="http://warg">Though the normal semen and breast milk used in this study were from individual healthy donors, it is unknown how much matrix toxicity would vary between donors or health status. Virus isolation was not successful from spiked breast milk and the mechanism of virus replication inhibition is unknown.</a> The isolation attempts were made by two different users on two separate days in parallel with the isolation spiked semen or media control. If virus isolation from breast milk samples will be pursued in the future, altenative isolation methods will need to be identified. Additionally, although components of semen have been reported to increase EBOV infection in HeLa cells, in the present study virus isolation from spiked whole semen was as sensitive as the media matrix samples. The difference in results from these two studies may be explained by the use of whole semen instead of seminal plasma or components of semen as well as a differences in the in vitro effects of these matrices on the cell lines used</strong></p><h2>ANALYSIS</h2><p>Why they decided to put breast milk into a cell culture is unclear, but I am very grateful they did as it sets up one of the most comedy falsifications in Virology. They note that in all cases uninfected breast milk put in as a sample to a Cell Culture produces CPE. This is again the same in most cases when they put uninfected semen in too (Don&#8217;t ask). Strangely after this they decided to spike in some &#8220;ebola&#8221; into the milk and cum and try and culture it. Even more strangely despite milk creating the CPE on its own, when combined with &#8220;Ebola&#8221; it then somehow undid the CPE. </p><p>What I believe is happening is that given these two fluids have a very different ionic balance for their very different roles, in the uninfected cultures they are not providing extra nutrients to the assumed reduced FBS (They don&#8217;t list a proper method- surprised, not). The cells go into starvation and produce the CPE. When they are coming to the &#8220;neutralizing matrix&#8221; with spike ins, they readily admit they compare them to the baseline they had (Which IS surprising, as benchmarking is a rarity in soyence). Potentially active semen would reduce the nutrients and cause extra CPE, the breast milk not and the addition of the spike in provided enough serum to keep the CPE observed the same. This invokes the John Enders &#8220;the samples both show CPE but look different&#8221; thing again. </p><p>They even carried out a control infection with the uninfected breast milk and semen and injected it into their newborn mice (Sick psychopaths). They proudly proclaim that the newborn mice survived the 10 day period they gave them to live claiming it was a &#8220;successful&#8221; control. Except when you read the fine print, 2 of the mice actually died, they just didn&#8217;t count them because apparently they died too soon SMH. </p><div><hr></div><h1>CONCLUSION</h1><p>Whenever there are extreme claims of things happening within the reams of FakeVirusology it pleases me greatly. With the nothing burger ones like Sars Cov 2, Influenza etc the ground data so so easily obscured. With symptoms, even when claimed &#8220;symptomatic&#8221; they can be ridiculous things like a blocked nose (anosmia), coughing or a headache. Of course these things are just everyday occurrences, you can blame patterns of these things on practically anything and you would find some statistical significance. But here, right at the other end of the spectrum, is Ebola and Hantavirus, get some rat piss in your chicken curry on a cruise or get a dodgy bat burger whilst trekking through the Congolese rainforest and wham you are a goner. There is no leeway, no matter how much they kick and scream with these fake viruses.</p><p>It rules out the PCR/ Asymptomatic claim for even being too much of a clownmaxxing posture for the hoax perpetrators to pull off. Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence and so this wheelhouse of apocalyptic invisible bugs really does need some solid death stats when they are injecting animals with it.  So when they are injecting it with syringes full of the stuff and instead of them pissing blood out their eyes they are measuring biscuit consumption we should be able to call hoax just on that one metric alone. </p><p>Really we should be able to call foul on the whole thing from, just the plain old illogical nature of the Germ Theory. If a contagious disease with a 40% death rate that causes you to piss the infected blood everywhere (like the MOVIE 28 days later) then humanity would have been wiped out many millennia ago, indeed there would be no life on earth, presumably apart from Ebola and the Rat Piss virus, just hanging out at a Club Med talking about the good old days when they had a host to infect. </p><p>For me personally the actual particle they claim is an &#8220;Ebola&#8221; virus is so funny. It is like they really went out of their way for the Hollywood props department to not choose the standard blob they find in the cell culture, no it is giving &#8220;Snakes on a Plane&#8221; vibes with this one, the serpent, the parasite feel to it. When I had a look at these cells under a Transmission electron microscope it was so comedically obvious, the filopodia, the hair like structures that a cell grows when stressed to become motile are being falsely labelled as &#8220;Ebola&#8221;. The fact that they always point to claimed Ebola right outside the cell exactly where these filopodia are usually located. The whole thing is absurd.  </p><p>We saw how a long history of slavery by these demonic people forces innocent people to endanger their lives on a daily basis, how these mining activities, ironically for the Green Agenda are polluting the air, water and soil with incredibly toxic poisons and heavy metals that cause these exact extreme symptoms blamed on the non existent pathogen. Arsenic has the absolute identical profile for being the actual murder culprit whenever the extreme symptoms are seen. As with all these hoaxes I would still not want to say &#8220;All deaths blamed on Ebola are Arsenic Poisoning&#8221;, when it comes to health and hoaxes there are infinite variables at play. Firstly only 16k people have ever claimed died from Ebola in history, which is relatively miniscule especially in countries such as Uganda that have been home to many admitted Genocides. </p><p>So when analyzing these things, firstly has it happened at all? With only 16k in history we can be sure that the vast majority of those would not have the exact eye bleeding kidney melting hemorrhagic fever as described, if indeed they have died in anything other than by a Machete wielding Genocidal Maniac Politician and their henchmen. We then can move on and say, OK there are a few thousand dying in this hemorrhagic fashion but it might not all be because of Arsenic, the patterns might not match up. Well there is a raft of other natural earth poisons and heavy metals in these areas; mercury, lead, cyanide etc&#8230; it could always be a nice little cocktail. Any which way I hope you can see the very plausible nature of being able to explain violent symptomatic deaths like Hemorrhagic fever much much better with  chemical/elemental poisoning. </p><p></p><p>If you have enjoyed this article and want to support the project with a one time donation please BuyMeACoffee, thanks! </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="http://buymeacoffee.com/controlstudies" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bLIk!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98087521-946b-4758-96da-2e8b3c10bf78_535x265.png 424w, 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Are they really achieving these values as claimed?]]></description><link>https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/pcr-and-the-impossible-cycle</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/pcr-and-the-impossible-cycle</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Jamie Andrews]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 21 May 2026 13:01:11 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/7f934a16-efa6-4bbe-8a14-accd8d71a7cf_1536x1024.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Annual Subscription is being kept at the incredibly low price of just $35. I sell no bullshit supplements, no crappy merchandise, no whacko gadgets, I have no sponsors, no advertising and everything is possible to read for free. 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src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5mpx!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb164f198-777a-4015-a8ab-f9035e053476_337x502.webp" width="337" height="502" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/b164f198-777a-4015-a8ab-f9035e053476_337x502.webp&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:502,&quot;width&quot;:337,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5mpx!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb164f198-777a-4015-a8ab-f9035e053476_337x502.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5mpx!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb164f198-777a-4015-a8ab-f9035e053476_337x502.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5mpx!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb164f198-777a-4015-a8ab-f9035e053476_337x502.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5mpx!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb164f198-777a-4015-a8ab-f9035e053476_337x502.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Thank you to Dr Lisa Hutchinson for pointing this out to me on a cold and miserable January day, it lifted my spirits. </p><p>This is one of those ones that as a common man, of just average intelligence I pride myself on being able to decipher complex issues based on a reliance of common sense and logic. Where more academically minded people are either indoctrinated or intentionally excising this part of their psyche, I always place it front and center as a kind of lock and key mechanism to discernment, call it the &#8220;bullshit test&#8221; if you will. </p><p>The only real 2 talking points of the celebrity &#8220;freedom&#8221; movement when is comes to PCR are massively tired now through their sheer repetition as well as their superficiality. They challenge nothing about the inherent mechanisms of this &#8220;Test&#8221; and assume nearly every moving part and reagent is as it should be, rigorously tested and benchmarked, and able to give good results <em>if used correctly</em>. These talking points are; PCR used at too many cycles is inaccurate and the fact that some establishment shill by the name of Kary Mullis once waffled on about some Buddhist notion of being interconnected and that his machine can &#8220;find anything in anybody&#8221;, which dim people interpret him as saying it can&#8217;t be used as a diagnostic (Despite him writing that it could in his patent, in the acceptance of his Nobel Prize and in a letter to the judge of a man accused of spreading &#8220;HIV&#8221; that Kary got jailed for 8 years).</p><p>When you lay everything out on the table this isn&#8217;t a very incisive rebuttal of <em>THE</em> machine that fakes pandemics, it&#8217;s almost as if most of these talking heads don&#8217;t actually want to show that the pandemic was a hoax and to keep the &#8220;Virus&#8221; lie alive. Of course any machine is inaccurate when you use it in the upper limits of its functionality this is about as crass a rebuttal as can come. Of course nefarious actors will claim they can use this piece of machinery to tell you whatever they want to be able to control you, &#8220;You have HIV, coz the machine went blip&#8221;&#8230; &#8220;You owe us $1540 in back payed Tax because the machine went blip&#8221;&#8230;. &#8220;You have been banned from all social media, because the machine went blip&#8221;  so on and so forth. </p><p> So when I hear this piece of information, I literally burst out laughing. It was one of those pieces of information that flew out of the blocks ran straight at the lock and key mechanism on my mental discernment door and crack its head on the door frame, bent over and passed out. I instantly knew that there was no way that this was going to pass the &#8220;bullshit test&#8221; went put to scrutiny, yet it had been sitting there, quite comfortably bullshitting away under everyone&#8217;s nose:</p><h1>A PCR CYCLE IS PHYSICALLY IMPOSSIBLE.</h1><p> That is once again, as is becoming a bit of a habit written in a bit of a clickbait stylee. Of course a PCR cycle is physically possible, you just heat up the sample, then cool it down a bit and then heat it back up again. What I mean is that, and it would obviously be too long to put it in a subtitle, given the amount of time it is claimed and the strength and efficiency of the heating modules, it is physically impossible to heat up and cool down these samples in the allotted time they claim AKA A cycle is not a cycle as they claim AKA fraud.  </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5x_o!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22937d0b-0d3b-4443-8c54-db306dc17e3a_1900x1394.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5x_o!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22937d0b-0d3b-4443-8c54-db306dc17e3a_1900x1394.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5x_o!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22937d0b-0d3b-4443-8c54-db306dc17e3a_1900x1394.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5x_o!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22937d0b-0d3b-4443-8c54-db306dc17e3a_1900x1394.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5x_o!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22937d0b-0d3b-4443-8c54-db306dc17e3a_1900x1394.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5x_o!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22937d0b-0d3b-4443-8c54-db306dc17e3a_1900x1394.png" width="1456" height="1068" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/22937d0b-0d3b-4443-8c54-db306dc17e3a_1900x1394.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1068,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:785270,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/198167644?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22937d0b-0d3b-4443-8c54-db306dc17e3a_1900x1394.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5x_o!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22937d0b-0d3b-4443-8c54-db306dc17e3a_1900x1394.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5x_o!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22937d0b-0d3b-4443-8c54-db306dc17e3a_1900x1394.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5x_o!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22937d0b-0d3b-4443-8c54-db306dc17e3a_1900x1394.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5x_o!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22937d0b-0d3b-4443-8c54-db306dc17e3a_1900x1394.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><strong>Eppendorf Mastercycler X40 &#8212; Full Technical Specifications</strong></p><p><strong>General &amp; Physical</strong><br>Model: Mastercycler X40 (Touchscreen, order no. 6381000077)<br>Dimensions (W x D x H): 24.5 x 38.5 x 23 cm (9.7 x 15.2 x 9.1 in)<br>Weight: 7.25 kg (approx. 16 lbs)<br>Power supply: 100&#8211;240 V, 50&#8211;60 Hz<br>Power consumption: 500 W (max)<br>Noise level: 40.5 dB(A)</p><p><strong>Thermal Performance</strong><br>Block type: Aluminum, 96-well<br>Heating technology: Three Peltier elements<br>Temperature range: 4&#8211;99 &#176;C<br>Max heating ramp rate: 3.3 &#176;C/s<br>Max cooling ramp rate: 1.5 &#176;C/s<br>Temperature accuracy: &#177;0.15 &#176;C<br>Temperature uniformity (20&#8211;72 &#176;C): &#177;0.2 &#176;C<br>Temperature uniformity (72&#8211;95 &#176;C): &#177;0.3 &#176;C</p><p><strong>Gradient Function</strong><br>Gradient format: 12-column linear gradient<br>Gradient range: 1&#8211;30 &#176;C<br>Gradient temperature range: 30&#8211;99 &#176;C</p><p><strong>Heated Lid</strong><br>Type: SafeLid with sample protection<br>Temperature range: 37&#8211;110 &#176;C</p><p><strong>Compatible Consumables</strong><br>0.1 and 0.2 mL tubes and strips<br>Full-skirted, semi-skirted, and unskirted 96-well plates</p><p><strong>Memory &amp; Interface</strong><br>Max program storage: 5,000 programs<br>Display: 7-inch chemical-resistant glass touchscreen<br>Connectivity: Ethernet, USB (front), VisioNize ready (remote monitoring)</p><p><strong>Key Operational Modes</strong><br>Temperature control modes: Fast, Medium, Standard, Safe<br>Cycling capacity: 5,000 cycles of standard PCR<br>ACT certified for environmental impact</p><p></p><h2>A PCR CYCLE RUNTIME</h2><p><strong>Standard PCR Run Time for 40 Cycles on Eppendorf Mastercycler X40</strong></p><p>Total run time typically falls between 60 and 70 minutes for a standard protocol.</p><p><strong>Standard Cycle Times (40 cycles)</strong></p><p>Protocol per cycle (denature + anneal/extend) / Approx. total time:</p><ul><li><p>15 sec denature + 60 sec anneal/extend = ~70 minutes</p></li><li><p>5 sec denature + 30 sec anneal/extend = ~43 minutes</p></li><li><p>5 sec denature + 20 sec anneal/extend = ~37 minutes</p></li></ul><p><strong>Ramping Speed Specifications (hardware limits)</strong></p><p>Heating rate: 3.3 &#176;C/second (max)<br>Cooling rate: 1.5 &#176;C/second (max)</p><p><strong>Quick Reference for Common Setups on the X40</strong></p><p>Fast/short protocol (e.g., 5s denature, 20s anneal): ~37 minutes<br>Standard/typical protocol (e.g., 15s denature, 60s anneal): 60&#8211;70 minutes<br>Slow/long protocol (long hold times or Safe mode): ~2 hours or more</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!53hV!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f7812e-8f97-4b96-992e-a508142b25e1_775x302.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!53hV!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f7812e-8f97-4b96-992e-a508142b25e1_775x302.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!53hV!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f7812e-8f97-4b96-992e-a508142b25e1_775x302.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!53hV!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f7812e-8f97-4b96-992e-a508142b25e1_775x302.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!53hV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f7812e-8f97-4b96-992e-a508142b25e1_775x302.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!53hV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f7812e-8f97-4b96-992e-a508142b25e1_775x302.png" width="775" height="302" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d0f7812e-8f97-4b96-992e-a508142b25e1_775x302.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:302,&quot;width&quot;:775,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:81988,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/198167644?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f7812e-8f97-4b96-992e-a508142b25e1_775x302.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!53hV!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f7812e-8f97-4b96-992e-a508142b25e1_775x302.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!53hV!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f7812e-8f97-4b96-992e-a508142b25e1_775x302.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!53hV!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f7812e-8f97-4b96-992e-a508142b25e1_775x302.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!53hV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f7812e-8f97-4b96-992e-a508142b25e1_775x302.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h3>How to Decide PCR Cycle Times (Hold Times)</h3><p>There are three steps: denaturation, annealing, and extension. Each has its own rules.</p><ol><li><p>Denaturation (94&#8211;98&#176;C)</p></li></ol><p>This separates double-stranded DNA into single strands.</p><p>Factors that affect time:</p><ul><li><p>Template complexity: Genomic DNA (human, plant) needs 1&#8211;3 minutes for initial denaturation. Plasmids or simple templates need only 10&#8211;30 seconds.</p></li><li><p>GC-rich templates: If DNA has high GC content (stronger bonds), increase denaturation time or temperature slightly.</p></li><li><p>Cyclic denaturation: In later cycles, 5&#8211;15 seconds is usually sufficient because the amplicon is much shorter.</p></li></ul><p>General rule: 10&#8211;30 seconds per cycle for standard templates. Longer for complex genomic DNA.</p><ol start="2"><li><p>Annealing (50&#8211;68&#176;C)</p></li></ol><p>Primers bind to complementary sequences on the template.</p><p>Factors that affect time:</p><ul><li><p>Primer length and Tm: Annealing temperature is typically set 3&#8211;5&#176;C below the primer&#8217;s melting temperature (Tm).</p></li><li><p>Primer concentration: Higher primer concentration allows shorter annealing time (e.g., 10&#8211;15 seconds).</p></li><li><p>GC content: GC-rich primers have higher Tm but do not need longer times.</p></li></ul><p>General rule: 15&#8211;30 seconds is typical. Longer annealing times (1&#8211;2 minutes) are rarely needed and can increase non-specific binding.</p><ol start="3"><li><p>Extension (72&#176;C)</p></li></ol><p>DNA polymerase synthesizes the new complementary strand.</p><p>Factors that affect time:</p><ul><li><p>Amplicon length: This is the single biggest factor. Standard Taq polymerase extends at ~1 kb per minute.</p></li><li><p>Polymerase speed: Some engineered polymerases are faster (2&#8211;4 kb/min). Check the manufacturer&#8217;s datasheet.</p></li><li><p>Complexity: For amplicons under 1 kb, 15&#8211;30 seconds is often sufficient.</p></li></ul><p>General rule: 30&#8211;60 seconds per 1 kb of target length.</p><p>Quick Reference Table (Extension Times)</p><p>Amplicon length / Extension time (standard Taq) / Extension time (fast polymerase)</p><ul><li><p>Under 500 bp: 15&#8211;30 seconds / 5&#8211;10 seconds</p></li><li><p>500 bp to 1 kb: 30&#8211;60 seconds / 10&#8211;15 seconds</p></li><li><p>1 to 2 kb: 60&#8211;90 seconds / 15&#8211;30 seconds</p></li><li><p>2 to 4 kb: 90&#8211;120 seconds / 30&#8211;60 seconds</p></li><li><p>Over 4 kb: 2&#8211;4 minutes / 60&#8211;120 seconds</p></li></ul><p>Example: Choosing Times for a Typical Experiment</p><p>Scenario: Amplify a 750 bp fragment from human genomic DNA using standard Taq polymerase.</p><ul><li><p><strong>Initial denaturation: 2 minutes at 95&#176;C (human genomic DNA needs longer)</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Cyclic denaturation: 15 seconds at 95&#176;C</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Annealing: 20 seconds at 60&#176;C (primer Tm is 63&#176;C; use 3&#176;C below)</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Extension: 45 seconds at 72&#176;C (750 bp = 45 seconds at 1 kb/min)</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Final extension: 5 minutes at 72&#176;C (ensures all products are fully extended)</strong></p></li></ul><p>Total run time for 40 cycles on Mastercycler X40: Approximately 60&#8211;70 minutes using standard mode.</p><p>Key Takeaways</p><ul><li><p>Amplicon length drives extension time (1 minute per kb)</p></li><li><p>Template complexity drives denaturation time</p></li><li><p>Primer Tm drives annealing temperature (not really time)</p></li><li><p>Polymerase speed can dramatically shorten extension times</p></li></ul><p></p><h2>Total Run Time Calculation for 40 Cycles on Mastercycler X40</h2><p>Protocol used:</p><ul><li><p>Initial denaturation: 2 minutes at 95&#176;C</p></li><li><p>Per cycle (40 cycles): 15 seconds at 95&#176;C + 20 seconds at 60&#176;C + 45 seconds at 72&#176;C</p></li><li><p>Final extension: 5 minutes at 72&#176;C</p></li></ul><p>Step-by-Step Calculation:</p><p>Step 1: Initial denaturation<br>2 minutes = 120 seconds</p><p>Step 2: One cycle (hold times only)<br>15 + 20 + 45 = 80 seconds per cycle</p><p>Step 3: 40 cycles (hold times only)<br>80 seconds &#215; 40 cycles = 3,200 seconds = 53 minutes 20 seconds</p><p>Step 4: Final extension<br>5 minutes = 300 seconds</p><p>Step 5: Total hold time<br>120 + 3,200 + 300 = 3,620 seconds = 60 minutes 20 seconds</p><p>Step 6: Adding ramp times (heating and cooling between temperatures)</p><h4><strong>Cooling from 95&#176;C to 60&#176;C (35&#176;C drop): at 1.5&#176;C/s = ~23 seconds</strong></h4><h4><strong>Heating from 60&#176;C to 72&#176;C (12&#176;C rise): at 3.3&#176;C/s = ~4 seconds</strong></h4><h4><strong>Total ramp time per cycle = ~27 seconds</strong></h4><h4><strong>Total ramp time for 40 cycles = 27 &#215; 40 = 1,080 seconds = 18 minutes</strong></h4><h3>Final Total Run Time:<br>Total hold time: 60 minutes 20 seconds<br>Total ramp time: 18 minutes<br>GRAND TOTAL: 78 minutes 20 seconds (approximately 1 hour 18 minutes)</h3><h1>ALUMINIUM HEATING BLOCK WEIGHT</h1><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FK0w!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8cc12710-ee6e-44cf-aff7-a1f1789bc5ce_2000x2000.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FK0w!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8cc12710-ee6e-44cf-aff7-a1f1789bc5ce_2000x2000.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FK0w!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8cc12710-ee6e-44cf-aff7-a1f1789bc5ce_2000x2000.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FK0w!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8cc12710-ee6e-44cf-aff7-a1f1789bc5ce_2000x2000.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FK0w!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8cc12710-ee6e-44cf-aff7-a1f1789bc5ce_2000x2000.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FK0w!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8cc12710-ee6e-44cf-aff7-a1f1789bc5ce_2000x2000.jpeg" width="1456" height="1456" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/8cc12710-ee6e-44cf-aff7-a1f1789bc5ce_2000x2000.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1456,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;PCR-W96-V002-A Block&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="PCR-W96-V002-A Block" title="PCR-W96-V002-A Block" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FK0w!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8cc12710-ee6e-44cf-aff7-a1f1789bc5ce_2000x2000.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FK0w!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8cc12710-ee6e-44cf-aff7-a1f1789bc5ce_2000x2000.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FK0w!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8cc12710-ee6e-44cf-aff7-a1f1789bc5ce_2000x2000.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FK0w!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8cc12710-ee6e-44cf-aff7-a1f1789bc5ce_2000x2000.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Block Weight Estimate for Eppendorf Mastercycler X40</p><p>Total instrument weight: 7.25 kg (approx. 16 lbs)</p><h3>Estimated aluminum block weight (alone): 1.1 &#8211; 1.5 kg (approx. 2.4 &#8211; 3.3 lbs)</h3><p>The block accounts for roughly 15&#8211;20% of the total instrument weight.</p><p>Supporting data from other manufacturers (removable 96-well aluminum blocks):</p><ul><li><p>Gilson 96-well block: 0.91 kg</p></li><li><p>LLG 96-well block: 0.70 kg</p></li><li><p>Thermo Scientific 96-well block: 1.40 kg</p></li></ul><p>Why the X40 block is likely heavier (1.1-1.5 kg range):</p><ul><li><p>The X40 block is not a simple passive block. It is an active thermoblock permanently integrated with three Peltier heating/cooling elements and temperature sensors.</p></li><li><p>Removable blocks (0.7-1.4 kg) are passive and have no built-in electronics.</p></li><li><p>The integrated design adds complexity and mass, placing the X40 block at the higher end of the weight range.</p></li></ul><p>Comparison with other thermal cyclers:</p><ul><li><p>Mastercycler X40 total weight: 7.25 kg</p></li><li><p>Mastercycler X50 total weight: 10.7 kg</p></li><li><p>Typical competitor 96-well cyclers: 11-12 kg total</p></li></ul><p>Important note: The 1.1-1.5 kg figure is for the aluminum block alone. It does NOT include the housing, electronics, Peltier elements, heated lid, or power supply. The remaining ~6 kg covers everything else in the instrument.</p><p>Eppendorf does not publish the block weight separately because it is a permanently integrated, non-user-replaceable component.</p><h2>PELTIER MODULE POWER</h2><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RSnh!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94e71750-581e-4ddd-a6ed-3cedb2f4d7ad_500x500.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RSnh!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94e71750-581e-4ddd-a6ed-3cedb2f4d7ad_500x500.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RSnh!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94e71750-581e-4ddd-a6ed-3cedb2f4d7ad_500x500.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RSnh!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94e71750-581e-4ddd-a6ed-3cedb2f4d7ad_500x500.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RSnh!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94e71750-581e-4ddd-a6ed-3cedb2f4d7ad_500x500.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RSnh!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94e71750-581e-4ddd-a6ed-3cedb2f4d7ad_500x500.webp" width="500" height="500" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/94e71750-581e-4ddd-a6ed-3cedb2f4d7ad_500x500.webp&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:500,&quot;width&quot;:500,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:7358,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/webp&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/198167644?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94e71750-581e-4ddd-a6ed-3cedb2f4d7ad_500x500.webp&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RSnh!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94e71750-581e-4ddd-a6ed-3cedb2f4d7ad_500x500.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RSnh!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94e71750-581e-4ddd-a6ed-3cedb2f4d7ad_500x500.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RSnh!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94e71750-581e-4ddd-a6ed-3cedb2f4d7ad_500x500.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RSnh!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94e71750-581e-4ddd-a6ed-3cedb2f4d7ad_500x500.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Corrected Power Breakdown for Eppendorf Mastercycler X40</p><p>Total maximum power consumption (whole unit): 500 W</p><p>Estimated power draw by component:</p><ul><li><p>Three Peltier modules (heating/cooling): 300 &#8211; 400 W</p></li><li><p>Heated lid (up to 110&#176;C): 50 &#8211; 100 W</p></li><li><p>Electronics, 7&#8221; touchscreen, fans, USB/Ethernet: 50 &#8211; 100 W</p></li></ul><p>TOTAL: 500 W</p><p>Important notes:</p><ul><li><p>The Peltier modules are the dominant power consumer, using 60-80% of the total 500 W budget.</p></li><li><p>The remaining 100-200 W is shared between the heated lid and the onboard electronics.</p></li><li><p>These figures are estimates. Eppendorf does not publish the isolated wattage of individual components. Only the total unit power consumption (500 W) is specified in official documentation.</p></li></ul><p>Reasoning for the corrected range:</p><ul><li><p>If lid + electronics draw 100 W (low end), Peltier modules draw 400 W.</p></li><li><p>If lid + electronics draw 200 W (high end), Peltier modules draw 300 W.</p></li></ul><h3>Therefore, Peltier modules = 300 &#8211; 400 W.</h3><p></p><p>Short answer: <strong>there isn&#8217;t a single time &#8212; it can range from a few seconds to over a minute depending on what you mean by &#8220;on its own.&#8221;</strong> But here&#8217;s the physically correct way to think about it:</p><div><hr></div><h3>Key point (important)</h3><p>A <strong>Peltier module does not &#8220;heat itself up&#8221; efficiently in isolation</strong> &#8212; it <strong>moves heat</strong> from one side to the other.</p><p>So:</p><ul><li><p>One side gets hot</p></li><li><p>The other side gets cold</p></li><li><p>The <em>temperature rise depends on load, heat sinking, and thermal mass</em></p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h3>If you literally mean &#8220;bare module in air&#8221; (no load, no heatsink)</h3><ul><li><p>Very low thermal mass (~20&#8211;40 g ceramic + semiconductors)</p></li><li><p>Electrical input: ~100 W</p></li></ul><p>Rough estimate:</p><ul><li><p>Heat capacity &#8776; ~20&#8211;40 J/&#176;C</p></li><li><p>Energy for +35 &#176;C &#8776; ~700&#8211;1400 J</p></li></ul><p>At 100 W:</p><ul><li><p><strong>~7&#8211;15 seconds (ideal)</strong></p></li><li><p>Realistically: <strong>~10&#8211;30 seconds</strong></p></li></ul><p>BUT:</p><ul><li><p>It will <strong>quickly become unstable</strong></p></li><li><p>The hot side will overheat while the cold side drops</p></li><li><p>Risk of damage without heat dissipation</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h3>If you mean &#8220;with proper heatsink (normal operation)&#8221;</h3><p>Then:</p><ul><li><p>The module doesn&#8217;t just heat up &#8212; it establishes a <strong>temperature gradient (&#916;T)</strong></p></li></ul><p>Typical behavior:</p><ul><li><p>&#916;T builds over <strong>10&#8211;60 seconds</strong></p></li><li><p>Maximum &#916;T (~50&#8211;70 &#176;C) may take <strong>30&#8211;120 seconds</strong></p></li></ul><p>So for a <strong>35 &#176;C difference</strong>:</p><ul><li><p><strong>~10&#8211;40 seconds is typical</strong></p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h3>Why it&#8217;s not a simple answer</h3><p>Because time depends heavily on:</p><ul><li><p>thermal load</p></li><li><p>heatsinking efficiency</p></li><li><p>airflow</p></li><li><p>drive current</p></li><li><p>whether you&#8217;re measuring:</p><ul><li><p>the hot side</p></li><li><p>the cold side</p></li><li><p>or the difference between them</p></li></ul></li></ul><div><hr></div><h3>Bottom line</h3><h3><strong>Bare module:</strong> ~10&#8211;30 seconds (but unstable / not realistic)</h3><h3><strong>Properly mounted:</strong> ~10&#8211;40 seconds to establish ~35 &#176;C difference</h3><h2>Q :how long would it take a 100w peltier module just on its own to raise 12 degrees Celsius. short answer</h2><h4><strong>Short answer:</strong> about <strong>3</strong> (ideal), more realistically <strong>~5&#8211;10 seconds</strong>.</h4><p>That assumes:</p><ul><li><p>no heatsink / minimal load</p></li><li><p>you&#8217;re just heating the module&#8217;s own small thermal mass</p></li></ul><p>In real use with any load or heat dissipation, it would take longer.</p><h1>HEATING AND COOLING TIMES</h1><p>How long would it take a 400W Peltier module to heat a 1.1 kg block of aluminum by 35 degrees Celsius?</p><p>Heating mode ideal calculation:</p><p>Mass of aluminum = 1.1 kg<br>Specific heat capacity of aluminum = 900 J/(kg&#183;&#176;C)<br>Temperature increase = 35&#176;C</p><p>Heat required = mass &#215; specific heat &#215; temperature rise<br>Heat required = 1.1 &#215; 900 &#215; 35 = 34,650 Joules</p><p>Peltier power = 400 W<br>Time = heat / power = 34,650 / 400 = 86.6 seconds</p><p>So ideal heating time = about 87 seconds or 1 minute 27 seconds.</p><div><hr></div><p>Would it take longer to cool it down?</p><p>Yes, because cooling with a Peltier is less efficient than heating.<br>In heating mode, nearly all electrical power becomes heat.<br>In cooling mode, the Peltier must pump heat from the cold side to the hot side, and its efficiency is given by the coefficient of performance (COP).</p><p>For a temperature difference of 35&#176;C, a realistic COP for a common Peltier module is around 0.4 to 0.5.</p><p>Cooling calculation with COP = 0.5:<br>Effective cooling power = COP &#215; electrical power = 0.5 &#215; 400 = 200 W<br>Time = heat required / effective cooling power = 34,650 / 200 = 173.3 seconds (2 minutes 53 seconds)</p><p>Cooling calculation with COP = 0.4:<br>Effective cooling power = 0.4 &#215; 400 = 160 W<br>Time = 34,650 / 160 = 216.6 seconds (3 minutes 37 seconds)</p><p>If we also include imperfect thermal contact (say 80% of cooling power reaches the block):<br>Effective power = 0.8 &#215; 160 = 128 W<br>Time = 34,650 / 128 = 270.7 seconds (4 minutes 31 seconds)</p><p>So realistic cooling time with standard losses ranges from about 3.5 to 4.5 minutes.</p><div><hr></div><p>Summary:<br>Heating (ideal, no losses): 87 seconds<br>Cooling (COP=0.5): 173 seconds<br>Cooling (COP=0.4): 217 seconds<br>Cooling (COP=0.4 + 80% transfer): 271 seconds</p><h3>Final practical cooling time: 3.5 to 4.5 minutes.</h3><p></p><h4>Taking exactly the same mass of block but making it a strange shape to accommodate holding Eppendorf tubes.</h4><p>Short answer: <strong>No significant difference</strong> in heating time, assuming the Peltier couples well to the shape and heat distributes evenly. Same mass, same material, same temperature rise &#8594; same energy required &#8594; same time. If the shape reduces thermal contact with the Peltier or increases heat loss to air, it could be slightly slower, but mass for mass, it&#8217;s essentially the same.</p><h1>Halfway Analysis</h1><p>I don&#8217;t want you to get too fatigued with the AI splurg so I think we should discuss the bombshell stuff that has already dropped before we really turn the screw and ram it home just how ridiculous this is. </p><p>Let&#8217;s break this down to give you a perspective on what a shitshow this is. The PCR thermocyclers of yore used water and oil baths with resistive heaters the likes of which you might find in a kettle. Sounds old and clunky right. Fine. Now, in practically every machine right the way to the flagship Quant 7 thermocyclers ($70k+) they use Peltier modules which you can get on Aliexpress for &#163;2.99. These will be practically very similar to any heating module in these thermocyclers. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VLFs!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F21f0cafe-c66b-4a25-a17a-a0c58ff463f8_947x397.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VLFs!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F21f0cafe-c66b-4a25-a17a-a0c58ff463f8_947x397.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VLFs!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F21f0cafe-c66b-4a25-a17a-a0c58ff463f8_947x397.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VLFs!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F21f0cafe-c66b-4a25-a17a-a0c58ff463f8_947x397.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VLFs!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F21f0cafe-c66b-4a25-a17a-a0c58ff463f8_947x397.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VLFs!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F21f0cafe-c66b-4a25-a17a-a0c58ff463f8_947x397.png" width="947" height="397" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/21f0cafe-c66b-4a25-a17a-a0c58ff463f8_947x397.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:397,&quot;width&quot;:947,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:124787,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/198167644?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F21f0cafe-c66b-4a25-a17a-a0c58ff463f8_947x397.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VLFs!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F21f0cafe-c66b-4a25-a17a-a0c58ff463f8_947x397.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VLFs!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F21f0cafe-c66b-4a25-a17a-a0c58ff463f8_947x397.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VLFs!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F21f0cafe-c66b-4a25-a17a-a0c58ff463f8_947x397.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VLFs!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F21f0cafe-c66b-4a25-a17a-a0c58ff463f8_947x397.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>The way these pieces of shit work is not a simple heating up of a resistor, but it is inducing of a current in a layer of semiconductors that excites one side causing it to heat up and the resultant heat draw causes the opposite side to cool down. Reverse the polarity and the sides swap cold for hot. Sound a bit tenuous and not particularly quick? Correct. These modules are not used for their speed but rather because they can both heat and cool, are cheap and to be fair to them pretty accurate (when they eventually get to the right temperature).They do this with a big heat aluminum heat sink, which in our case is the 1.1kg behemoth that holds the Eppendorf tubes with the samples in them. Attached to the heat sink are fans to try and cool the sink when the polarity is reversed as quite coincidentally the largest temp difference in the cycle is the cooling cycle which is the least efficient phase for a Peltier module to carry out.  </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tNIs!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff85c8793-8592-4241-875b-e35feb098ea9_541x662.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tNIs!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff85c8793-8592-4241-875b-e35feb098ea9_541x662.png 424w, 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class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Now we can see roughly the pony electronics that are going on inside over these astronomically overpriced pieces of shit, let us take a look at some of the basic numbers going on.  The manufacturers state in their own literature that the ramp up and ramp down times, i.e the time it takes to get to the denaturation, annealing and extension phases of the cycle , are an astounding 1.5C/s cooling and 3.3C/s heating. Giving us a total wait time between phases of just 27 seconds. </p><h4><strong>Cooling from 95&#176;C to 60&#176;C (35&#176;C drop): at 1.5&#176;C/s = ~23 seconds</strong></h4><h4><strong>Heating from 60&#176;C to 72&#176;C (12&#176;C rise): at 3.3&#176;C/s = ~4 seconds</strong></h4><h4><strong>Total ramp time per cycle = ~27 seconds</strong></h4><h4><strong>Total ramp time for 40 cycles = 27 &#215; 40 = 1,080 seconds = 18 minutes</strong></h4><p><strong>Let&#8217;s zoom in on just one section of this, to keep it clean and understandable. The manufacturer&#8217;s documents claim that to ramp up from Annealing phase to Extension phase they can heat the 1.1kg Aluminum block, the 96 plastic Eppendorf tubes AND their liquid contents up by 12 degrees in just 4 seconds. If you don&#8217;t think that sounds absurd you very shortly will.</strong></p><p><strong> </strong>Q :how long would it take a 100w peltier module just on its own to raise 12 degrees Celsius. short answer</p><h4><strong>Short answer:</strong> about <strong>3</strong> (ideal), more realistically <strong>~5&#8211;10 seconds</strong>.</h4><p>Again the manufacturer states there are 3 Peltier modules in the x40 thermocycler. With a total wattage of the unit at 500w, we can assume that the power consumption of the heating modules is between say 300-400w. Let&#8217;s keep it clean and say that each module is 100w. As above, AI gives the conservative estimate that a 100w Peltier module would take at the very least, in a real world setting 5 seconds to HEAT ITSELF UP. I.e for the module itself to get that hot, not heating anything at all. It puts its upper limits at twice that which it claims brings the sample up to temperature. </p><p>So I did the calculation for the longest part of these ramping cycles being the cool down phase from denaturation to annealing. A large cooling drop of 35 degrees Celsius that the manufacturers claim can be done in just 23 seconds. To validate the first step of this I got two different AIs to run with how long it would heat the manufacturer specified 1.1kg Aluminum block that holds the Eppendorf Tubes. We are completely disregarding anything else for the moment. Just the Peltier modules and the block, which when calculated how long even the absolute maximum wattage draw possible of 400W takes an estimated:</p><h3>Final practical cooling time: 3.5 to 4.5 minutes.</h3><p>This is ignoring the fact that the shape of the Aluminium Block given that it is cast to hold the Eppendorf tubes is not the most efficient shape to heat up, it still gives out a time that is between 9 and 13 times longer than the manufacturers claim it takes to bring the sample up to temp. </p><h1>No Sense</h1><h3>Q: In a x40 eppendorf thermocycler do they have temperature sensors that take measurements of the samples? </h3><p>No. The Mastercycler X40 controls the temperature of the aluminum block, not the samples directly, using multiple Peltier elements.</p><p>So here we see, if we take every ridiculous notion away from this theory of a heating cycle as they describe it. There is no actual temperature reading in the thing they are testing, the sample. How is it then they can claim consistency? </p><h3>Q: Is the temperature adjusted depending on the size of the sample? </h3><p>No. The temperature profile is set by the user based on the block, not adjusted automatically by sample volume. The user must manually optimize cycling conditions (e.g., extension times) for different sample volumes.</p><p>Again we see a fundamental problem with this idea of heating temperatures is that at no point are any of the metrics changed for the amount of sample in an Eppendorf tube. This would surely be a massive limiting factor when the amount of seconds at each phase of the cycle are said to be crucial especially to things like melt curves. </p><h2>Temperature Sensor Positioning</h2><h3>Q: So the temperature sensor is mounted to the bottom of the aluminum block straight above the Peltier modules?</h3><p>Yes, that is exactly correct.</p><p>The temperature sensors are mounted on the <strong>bottom surface of the aluminum block</strong>, positioned directly above the three Peltier modules</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q65n!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F57056169-315b-4532-91be-47308ebd682d_1030x687.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pW5w!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37d74cee-2836-4c4f-82e1-0d94632d2a16_593x551.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pW5w!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37d74cee-2836-4c4f-82e1-0d94632d2a16_593x551.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pW5w!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37d74cee-2836-4c4f-82e1-0d94632d2a16_593x551.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pW5w!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37d74cee-2836-4c4f-82e1-0d94632d2a16_593x551.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>As you can see from the diagrams above, the temperature sensor is mounted to the underside of the Aluminum block, this is an absolutely crucial piece of information as it seems to me as why we get a huge difference in measured to calculated temperatures: The sensors are basically reading off the temperature of the Peltier modules, nothing to do with the block being heated at all. </p><h1>It gets Worse</h1><h3>RAMP DOWN Denaturation to Annealing 90-65 Degrees C. </h3><p>Thank you for sharing ChatGPT&#8217;s detailed breakdown. That analysis is excellent and highlights a key point I missed earlier: my estimate assumed the Peltier&#8217;s cold side was directly cooling the block, but I did not fully account for how drastically the module&#8217;s cooling power collapses as the temperature difference (&#916;T) across it increases. ChatGPT correctly notes that a &#8220;400W&#8221; Peltier might only deliver 50&#8211;120W of actual cooling when pulling a 25&#176;C differential (from 65&#176;C cold side to ~90&#176;C hot side). My earlier COP assumption of 0.3&#8211;0.6 (120&#8211;240W) was therefore too optimistic for a real-world air-cooled setup.</p><p>Given that, I agree with ChatGPT&#8217;s revised framework. For your 1.1 kg aluminum block cooling from 90&#176;C to 65&#176;C (24,750 J to remove), with a realistic cooling power of 50&#8211;120W, the ideal time before losses is 3.4 to 8.3 minutes. Adding real-world penalties (heat leaks, interface resistance, hot-side sink limitations) extends this further. Therefore, the best estimate for your setup&#8212;assuming a decent heatsink with fan, but not liquid cooling&#8212;is <strong>6 to 10 minutes</strong> for the block alone. Adding the 5&#8211;10 seconds for the 50 &#181;L Eppendorf tube liquid to equilibrate is negligible; call it<a href="http://kljh"> </a><strong><a href="http://kljh">6 to 10 minutes total</a></strong>. This is substantially longer than my previous 2&#8211;3.5 minute estimate, and I acknowledge ChatGPT&#8217;s figure as more realistic for a typical benchtop Peltier cooler without aggressive hot-side management.</p><h3> RAMP UP Annealing 65-77 Degrees C</h3><p>Assuming the liquid is water-based, 50 &#181;L (50 mg) requires only about 2.5 Joules to heat from 60&#176;C to 72&#176;C, and the plastic Eppendorf tube adds a small additional thermal mass. This is negligible compared to the ~11,950 Joules needed for the 1.1 kg aluminum block. The rate-limiting step is heating the block, not the tiny sample. Once the block reaches temperature, the liquid and tube will need a few extra seconds to equilibrate.</p><p>Therefore, the total estimated time is <strong>65 to 100 seconds</strong>. This breaks down as <strong>60&#8211;90 seconds</strong> to heat the aluminum block from 60&#176;C to 72&#176;C (based on the Peltier&#8217;s real-world efficiency of ~200&#8211;250W effective heating power), plus an additional <strong>5&#8211;10 seconds</strong> for the 50 &#181;L liquid inside the Eppendorf tube to thermally equilibrate with the block. In a well-coupled setup (tube snugly inserted with thermal paste or direct contact), you should expect the entire assembly to reach 72&#176;C within roughly <strong>75&#8211;100 seconds</strong>.</p><p></p><h2>Total Time </h2><h3>Low Estimate 7 mins 15 seconds of ramp intervals.</h3><h3>High Estimate 11 mins 40 seconds of ramp intervals.</h3><h3>Normal Cycle Run Time: 60 mins 12 seconds. </h3><p></p><h3>CALCULATED TOTAL RUN TIME</h3><p>This is the calculated total runtime according to multiple different AI programmers of how long a PCR reaction would take in a thermocycler, if the claimed samples temperatures were reached given all the manufacturer specifications. </p><h2>Low Estimate: 6 hrs and 2 minutes. </h2><h2>High Estimate: 8 hrs 46 minutes and 52 seconds</h2><div><hr></div><div><hr></div><h1>Double the Power</h1><p>Right to really stress test this I have run a few of the calculations but doubling the power of the Peltier modules to 800w, this is 300w more than the entire thermocycler pulls: </p><p>Your earlier estimate is on the right track, but the scaling from <strong>400 W &#8594; 800 W is </strong><em><strong>not linear</strong></em> for Peltiers&#8212;this is the key thing to correct before giving a final answer.</p><p>An &#8220;800 W&#8221; Peltier doesn&#8217;t give you 2&#215; the cooling of a 400 W unit. In reality you usually get <strong>~1.3&#215;&#8211;1.6&#215; improvement at best</strong>, because:</p><ul><li><p>Cooling capacity drops fast with &#916;T (~25&#176;C here)</p></li><li><p>Higher power &#8594; more heat dumped on the hot side &#8594; harder to remove</p></li><li><p>Efficiency (COP) <strong>gets worse</strong> at higher input power</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h2>&#128295; Updated realistic cooling ranges</h2><p>We&#8217;ll keep your heat load:</p><ul><li><p><strong>24,750 J</strong> to remove</p></li></ul><p>Now apply <em>realistic effective cooling power</em> for each class:</p><h3>&#128313; 400 W Peltier (baseline)</h3><ul><li><p>Effective cooling @ &#916;T &#8776; 25&#176;C: <strong>50&#8211;120 W</strong></p></li><li><p>Real-world result (as you had):</p></li></ul><p>&#128073; <strong>6&#8211;10 minutes typical</strong></p><div><hr></div><h3>&#128313; 600 W Peltier</h3><ul><li><p>Effective cooling: <strong>80&#8211;160 W</strong></p></li><li><p>Gains limited by heat rejection</p></li></ul><p>&#128073; <strong>Estimated time: 5&#8211;8 minutes</strong></p><div><hr></div><h3>&#128313; 800 W Peltier</h3><ul><li><p>Effective cooling: <strong>100&#8211;200 W</strong> (only if very well cooled)</p></li><li><p>Requires <strong>serious heatsink or water cooling</strong> to reach upper range</p></li></ul><p>&#128073; <strong>Estimated time: 4&#8211;7 minutes</strong></p><div><hr></div><h2>&#9888;&#65039; Reality check (important)</h2><p>The <em>upper-end performance (4&#8211;5 min)</em> only happens if:</p><ul><li><p>Large heatsink + high airflow <strong>or water cooling</strong></p></li><li><p>Excellent thermal contact (clamped + paste)</p></li><li><p>Ambient not too warm</p></li></ul><p>If not:</p><ul><li><p>800 W behaves much closer to <strong>600 W or even 400 W</strong></p></li><li><p>You&#8217;ll still see <strong>~6&#8211;10 minutes</strong></p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h2>&#129504; Key takeaway</h2><ul><li><p>400 W &#8594; <strong>6&#8211;10 min</strong></p></li><li><p>600 W &#8594; <strong>5&#8211;8 min</strong></p></li><li><p>800 W &#8594; <strong>4&#8211;7 min</strong></p></li></ul><p>&#128073; Notice: doubling power only saves ~30&#8211;40% time, not 50%</p><p></p><p>It notes that you by no means get double the heating efficiency by doubling the power, you are more likely to get 1.3x -1.6x benefit. This reduces one stage of the phase ramping from estimates of 6-10minutes to 4-7minutes. </p><h3>This puts the lowest possible estimate at: 4 Hrs 20 minutes. </h3><p></p><h1>WHY!!? and CONCLUSION</h1><p>I have run these calculations so many times now, with three different AIs (Which give me quite different results, but all drastically over claimed specs), using the manufacturers specs for all the maths and have come up with figures that are consistently 10x above what they claim is occurring in a PCR test. Of course this would change given the thermocycler, there are more powerful, newer ones on the market than the Eppendorf x 40. But again I ran the calculations by doubling the power input that exceeds nearly every thermocyclers Wattage draw on the market, especially the 96 well plate models (As the larger thermocyclers would obviously have larger Aluminum blocks to match). </p><p>Maybe I am missing something glaringly obvious but I just can&#8217;t see it. It makes sense if you look where they are taking temperature readings from that the timings of literally just the Peltier modules heating or cooling themselves up or down are much closer to the projected times that they state (Surprisingly still longer than they quote). But still this seems absurd to just give this as a temperature reading for a sample that would take 10x longer to reach that temp. Maybe there are other thermocycler models that have temperature sensors on top of the block, closer to the Eppendorf tubes? But surely these would give more accurate readings that show these temperature fluctuations are not being achieved? </p><p>Given that this all checks out my biggest question is WHY!? Talking to my wife about this who was trained as an engineer, we both just looked at each other, very much puzzled. I am acutely aware that bugger all benchmarking or validation has been bought into the realms of Virology or Genetics. But I don&#8217;t think this applies at all to the world of engineering/tech/electronics. Things are stress tested to within an inch of their lives especially in very expensive pieces of equipment made by multinational corporations, largely because its pretty easy to tell if your marketing about said product is off, of which they would be legally culpable. </p><p>At the very very least, even if someone comes along from the recesses on the internet and shows me that I have completely fudged up the calculations. They <em>still</em> do not have a temperature probe IN the sample&#8230; that is incredibly sloppy. They <em>still</em> don&#8217;t actively adjust heating strength to cater for volume sample size&#8230;.. that is incredibly sloppy. So given these things and the amount of mental fraud I have uncovered in the realms of Virology and Genetics it could certainly be feasible. It just still doesn&#8217;t answer the question of WHY!?</p><p>Why do they need to give off the appearance that some very precise temperature is needed for this to work when in actual fact this temp is probably just skimming around the 80 degree mark for the entire length in the actual sample (As calculations show that 7 minutes initial ramp up time to 90 degrees is adequate) ? For what reason has this massive blunder been overlooked? Is it just pure laziness? These companies are making 1000x mark ups on the components and raw materials for these machines. Is it just purely a money making exercise? That would make sense. But the other thing that both me and my wife couldn&#8217;t figure out is; surely someone else had noticed? Surely someone on the engineering side working for these companies had put 2 and 2 together non? Surely a User with a basic interest in engineering or indeed logic might have had their suspicions aroused? I&#8217;d genuinely like people&#8217;s feedback on this and maybe we can all formulate a hypothesis together.</p><p></p><p>Cheers </p><p></p><p>J </p><p></p><p>If you have enjoyed this article and want to support the project with a one time donation please BuyMeACoffee, thanks!</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="http://buymeacoffee.com/controlstudies" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!f_d0!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F16115012-4f9d-4e19-92a7-8a46407c54b5_535x265.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!f_d0!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F16115012-4f9d-4e19-92a7-8a46407c54b5_535x265.png 848w, 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x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>This article is available as a downloadable EBook along with the rest of my work on ShadowBanned Library</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://shadowbannedlibrary.com/collections/browse-by-author-jamie-andrews" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!reqg!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F60ba22d0-7c70-4bf8-be35-4ffc5cf57da6_1851x1036.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!reqg!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F60ba22d0-7c70-4bf8-be35-4ffc5cf57da6_1851x1036.png 848w, 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https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!reqg!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F60ba22d0-7c70-4bf8-be35-4ffc5cf57da6_1851x1036.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!reqg!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F60ba22d0-7c70-4bf8-be35-4ffc5cf57da6_1851x1036.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!reqg!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F60ba22d0-7c70-4bf8-be35-4ffc5cf57da6_1851x1036.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Interview with Remnant MD ]]></title><description><![CDATA[Please follow and Subscribe for more to Remnant MD: https://substack.com/@remnantmd]]></description><link>https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/interview-with-remnant-md</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/interview-with-remnant-md</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Jamie Andrews]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 18 May 2026 13:03:47 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.substack.com/feed/podcast/197336753/01b9aff27a7ebd0885271264c88e7f09.mp3" length="0" type="audio/mpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Please follow and Subscribe for more to Remnant MD: <a href="https://substack.com/@remnantmd">https://substack.com/@remnantmd </a></p><p>I sell no bullshit supplements, no crappy merchandise, no whacko gadgets, I have no sponsors, no advertising and everything is possible to read for free. However to help in running the experiments and to cover the huge costs that are mounting from travel and expenses to operate the project, please consider donating to the largest Crowdsourced and Opensourced experiments falsifying Virology. Thank you.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The Virology Controls Studies Project is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp" width="337" height="502" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/ab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:502,&quot;width&quot;:337,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>If you have enjoyed this video and want to support the project with a one time donation please BuyMeACoffee, thanks!</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wr7h!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0050294f-3be7-4186-a956-f0d63c169bd0_535x265.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wr7h!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0050294f-3be7-4186-a956-f0d63c169bd0_535x265.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wr7h!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0050294f-3be7-4186-a956-f0d63c169bd0_535x265.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wr7h!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0050294f-3be7-4186-a956-f0d63c169bd0_535x265.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wr7h!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0050294f-3be7-4186-a956-f0d63c169bd0_535x265.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wr7h!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0050294f-3be7-4186-a956-f0d63c169bd0_535x265.png" width="535" height="265" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/0050294f-3be7-4186-a956-f0d63c169bd0_535x265.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:265,&quot;width&quot;:535,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:39775,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/197336753?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0050294f-3be7-4186-a956-f0d63c169bd0_535x265.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" 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pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Can Babies Feel Pain? ]]></title><description><![CDATA[...]]></description><link>https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/can-babies-feel-pain</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/can-babies-feel-pain</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Jamie Andrews]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 14 May 2026 12:03:06 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/7933a68d-71ce-443e-91fb-4b8467ed57c7_1248x832.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Annual Subscription is being kept at the incredibly low price of just $35. I sell no bullshit supplements, no crappy merchandise, no whacko gadgets, I have no sponsors, no advertising and everything is possible to read for free. However to help in running the experiments and to cover the huge costs that are mounting from travel and expenses to operate the project, please consider donating to the largest Crowdsourced and Opensourced experiments falsifying Virology. Thank you.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5mpx!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb164f198-777a-4015-a8ab-f9035e053476_337x502.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5mpx!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb164f198-777a-4015-a8ab-f9035e053476_337x502.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5mpx!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb164f198-777a-4015-a8ab-f9035e053476_337x502.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5mpx!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb164f198-777a-4015-a8ab-f9035e053476_337x502.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5mpx!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb164f198-777a-4015-a8ab-f9035e053476_337x502.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5mpx!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb164f198-777a-4015-a8ab-f9035e053476_337x502.webp" width="337" height="502" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5mpx!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb164f198-777a-4015-a8ab-f9035e053476_337x502.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5mpx!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb164f198-777a-4015-a8ab-f9035e053476_337x502.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5mpx!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb164f198-777a-4015-a8ab-f9035e053476_337x502.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5mpx!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb164f198-777a-4015-a8ab-f9035e053476_337x502.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The Virology Controls Studies Project is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p>I am doing what I am doing with the Virology Control Studies Project for one reason: So that my children and my children&#8217;s children never have to go through 2020 again, be ostracized from society, banned from access to all social and leisure facilities because of a decision to make entry to society predicated on injecting a toxic substance into their and my veins. So when it comes to this topic, I would think and hope, like most parents, I hold my children&#8217;s health in the highest of priorities. For even the social credit and freedom to walk around this planet unrestricted still actually plays second fiddle to being healthy whilst doing it. So the decision to not get myself or children stabbed with a syringe full of shit was an easy one, but one that should never have come with conditions of relinquishing that liberty. </p><p>As part of this project I have given my reasons for my worldview on No Virus, No DNA and No Contagion of Biological Pathogens and backed them up with not only volumes of theoretical evidence but in the case of Viral Existence with rigorous experimental evidence. These areas of research have a Bi-directional benefit in that hopefully they operate simultaneously to protect you against not only tyrannical political machinations by providing solid rebuttal to political health claims such as Lockdowns and Mask Mandates, but maybe more importantly to protect you against the toxic Drugs and Medical Interventions predicated on the first.</p><p>If you truly understand the full, 360 picture of what No Virus, No DNA , No Contagion of Biological Pathogens means, the ramifications of these things rules out a large chunk of the allopathic medicine model and medical interventions. All of the Vaccines, Drugs and medical procedures become surplus to requirements when dealing with non existent causes and erroneous causes in the case of Bacteria, Parasites and Genetics. The last of those, once again, if you truly understand the Genetics hoax, casts aside many many avenues of poison drugs and death and disease causing pathways to prevent and combat an invented cause for ill health.</p><p>I am well aware that this may be a bit too much of a broad brushstroke to deal with; for the topic of health is really quite large and also, I would very much hope that you are skeptical of any intersection between the fraudulent worlds of Science and Medicine. I guess this is really the crux of the matter in that I shouldn&#8217;t really expect you to transfer any thinking between these wildly independent and separate institutionally fraudulent subjects. If I demonstrate one to be wholesale bollocks as I have started to do with Science, then that may not necessarily mean that the Medicine and Health part are too. I know they are, but that doesn&#8217;t really help you now does it? </p><p>For I have always been frustrated with the lack of logic, particularly surrounding alternative drugs and supplements, whereby in my mind, if there is a fault in the logic in scientific terms at any of these causal intersections, then that must rule out its medical usage. Once again, to me that is the case, but then  I have not put into the public sphere everything that is in my head (I have a backlog of articles waiting to be written for the rest of 2026 FML), hence it is not strictly a given that you should also rule these things out. </p><p>So I am going to add to the roster of my writing the specifics on any of these areas of  health/medicine/supplements/alternative cures and what I believe to be helpful. I am not going in off the deep end and full blown health guru by any stretch of the imagination, for the simple reason that I recommend basically doing nothing: Your body is brilliant, help it to heal itself, there that&#8217;s it, my health guru course in a nutshell&#8230;. Pay me. lol. But what I am going to do is flesh out the full take down of these things, much alike I did in my article &#8220;Chemotherapy is Mustard Gas&#8221;. </p><p>Ironically as well, I am not, in this article going to be too specific about a drug or new protocol or intervention, this is very much a general viewpoint as you will quickly come to tell, but it is a viewpoint that changed my life forever and one that made me view lots and lots of things simultaneously through a polar opposite lens. Hence I believe this to be the single most important piece of information on the topic of health:</p><h2>CLICKBAIT</h2><p> I was going to write this at the top as some sort of disclaimer, because I realize that the title is fucking inflammatory, if you have read this far and not blurted out in the comments yet about how offended you are that I would even dare to ask such a question then I have probably explained myself well already. But just to clarify, that is not a question I&#8217;d ever ask, as I know the answer, of course. </p><p>About 70% of the reason for the title is purely because actually writing the title from from the perspective of this article would have been extremely long and tedious. The remaining 30% is, I admit, for the shock factor, as I think to express the sheer gravity of the implications of the topic of this article one has to have the face-melting reaction of intersecting horror, confusion and disgust that comes with it: </p><p></p><h1>UNTIL 1986 (1999 for Premature babies) THE ENTIRE WESTERN MEDICAL ESTABLISHMENT THOUGHT THAT BABIES UNDER THE AGE OF 1YRS OLD COULD NOT FEEL PAIN AND THEIR CRIES WERE INVOLUNTARY NERVOUS SYSTEM RESPONSES.</h1><p></p><p>I am going to stop there and let that piece of information sink in for a while before the next stage:</p><h1>AND THEY USED TO PERFORM SOME SURGERIES, SUCH AS OPEN HEART SURGERY WITHOUT ANAESTHESIA .</h1><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ERiS!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0ea86609-37da-4231-8080-fdeb08ac8e51_663x680.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ERiS!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0ea86609-37da-4231-8080-fdeb08ac8e51_663x680.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ERiS!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0ea86609-37da-4231-8080-fdeb08ac8e51_663x680.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ERiS!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0ea86609-37da-4231-8080-fdeb08ac8e51_663x680.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ERiS!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0ea86609-37da-4231-8080-fdeb08ac8e51_663x680.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ERiS!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0ea86609-37da-4231-8080-fdeb08ac8e51_663x680.jpeg" width="663" height="680" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/0ea86609-37da-4231-8080-fdeb08ac8e51_663x680.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:680,&quot;width&quot;:663,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:78738,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/187988675?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0ea86609-37da-4231-8080-fdeb08ac8e51_663x680.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ERiS!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0ea86609-37da-4231-8080-fdeb08ac8e51_663x680.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ERiS!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0ea86609-37da-4231-8080-fdeb08ac8e51_663x680.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ERiS!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0ea86609-37da-4231-8080-fdeb08ac8e51_663x680.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ERiS!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0ea86609-37da-4231-8080-fdeb08ac8e51_663x680.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>I apologize profusely for the upsetting image, it is one that has stayed with me ever since I first saw it on Twitter, but this is the reality of the Medical Establishment and if you want a true and honest and well researched opinion on how they go about their business then we have to be able to see their &#8220;work&#8221; for what it is, in its complete and grotesque form. Only when we learn these hard truths can we change ,first as individuals and then hopefully as a society. </p><p>Now, as mentioned, I very first saw this as a meme on Twitter, and even the most casual surfer of the Social Media sewer should know that, when you see stuff like this, it is usually, total and utter clickbait bullshit. Especially given that the claim is absolutely wild and it is combined with an offensively sad image. Usually these things contain very small nuggets of truth that are blown completely out of proportion, so much so that they really devalue the notion. I should by all tokens have disregarded it as complete rubbish but the person that shared it, happened to be a friend of mine. So I checked and&#8230;&#8230; unfortunately it was true: </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4254489" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9VHU!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fac091bbc-f6cb-4016-82c7-dae1e9498430_757x197.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9VHU!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fac091bbc-f6cb-4016-82c7-dae1e9498430_757x197.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9VHU!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fac091bbc-f6cb-4016-82c7-dae1e9498430_757x197.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9VHU!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fac091bbc-f6cb-4016-82c7-dae1e9498430_757x197.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9VHU!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fac091bbc-f6cb-4016-82c7-dae1e9498430_757x197.png" width="757" height="197" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9VHU!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fac091bbc-f6cb-4016-82c7-dae1e9498430_757x197.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9VHU!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fac091bbc-f6cb-4016-82c7-dae1e9498430_757x197.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9VHU!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fac091bbc-f6cb-4016-82c7-dae1e9498430_757x197.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9VHU!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fac091bbc-f6cb-4016-82c7-dae1e9498430_757x197.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4254489" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!H4SG!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdac64e7d-1a73-441b-886a-6a2c6934ebaa_806x561.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!H4SG!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdac64e7d-1a73-441b-886a-6a2c6934ebaa_806x561.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!H4SG!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdac64e7d-1a73-441b-886a-6a2c6934ebaa_806x561.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!H4SG!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdac64e7d-1a73-441b-886a-6a2c6934ebaa_806x561.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!H4SG!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdac64e7d-1a73-441b-886a-6a2c6934ebaa_806x561.png" width="806" height="561" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!H4SG!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdac64e7d-1a73-441b-886a-6a2c6934ebaa_806x561.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!H4SG!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdac64e7d-1a73-441b-886a-6a2c6934ebaa_806x561.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!H4SG!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdac64e7d-1a73-441b-886a-6a2c6934ebaa_806x561.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!H4SG!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdac64e7d-1a73-441b-886a-6a2c6934ebaa_806x561.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><h3>1.1. Historical Perspective</h3><p>Routine assessment and management of neonatal pain has evolved to become an important therapeutic goal in the 21<sup>st</sup> century. <strong><a href="http://horror">During the 20<sup>th</sup> century, however, most procedures and clinical practices established in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) uniformly denied or disregarded the occurrence of neonatal pain. One unfortunate consequence was that infant surgery was conducted routinely with minimal or no anesthesia until the late 1980s<sup>1,2</sup>. Robust responses to painful stimuli were often dismissed as physiological or behavioral reflexes, and not related to the conscious experience of pain<sup>3</sup>.</a></strong> A recent historical analysis suggests four related causes contributed to a widely prevalent denial of infant pain<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4254489/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#R4"><sup>4</sup></a>: 1) a Darwinian view that held newborns as less evolved human beings, 2) extreme caution and skepticism in interpreting scientific data that suggested infant pain, 3) an extreme reductionism whereby a mechanistic &#8220;behaviorism&#8221; became the dominant model human psychology in the earlier half 20th century (following J. B. Watson&#8217;s Behaviorist Manifesto in 1913 <a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4254489/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#R5"><sup>5</sup></a>), and as the behaviorist movement waned, it was followed by 4) an era placing undue emphasis on the structural development of the brain and its responses<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4254489/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#R6"><sup>6</sup></a><sup>-</sup><a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4254489/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#R8"><sup>8</sup></a>.</p><p>This popular precept was challenged by accumulating data on hormonal-metabolic responses to surgical procedures performed under minimal anesthesia<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4254489/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#R9"><sup>9</sup></a><sup>,</sup><a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4254489/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#R10"><sup>10</sup></a>, which were effectively reduced by giving potent anesthesia<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4254489/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#R11"><sup>11</sup></a><sup>-</sup><a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4254489/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#R13"><sup>13</sup></a>, the identification of a &#8220;pain system&#8221; and initial data on its early development, rich observations on crying activity and other behaviors of newborns subjected to painful stimuli in the NICU &#8211; all of which contributed to a scientific rationale for neonatal pain perception and its clinical implications<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4254489/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#R3"><sup>3</sup></a>. Once the existence of neonatal pain was acknowledged and methods for clinical assessment had been validated<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4254489/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#R14"><sup>14</sup></a><sup>,</sup><a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4254489/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#R15"><sup>15</sup></a>, the stage was set for advances in neonatal pain management.</p><h3>1.2. Importance of Neonatal Pain</h3><p><a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4254489/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#R16">The American Academy of Pediatrics and the Canadian Pediatric Society (AAP/CPS) updated their guidelines in 2006<sup>16</sup>, recommending that each health care facility treating newborns should establish a neonatal pain control program that includes:</a></p><ul><li><p><a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4254489/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#R16">Performing routine assessments to detect neonatal pain</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4254489/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#R16">Reducing the number of painful procedures</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4254489/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#R16">Preventing or treating acute pain from bedside invasive procedures</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4254489/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#R16">Anticipating and treating postoperative pain after surgical procedures</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4254489/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#R16">Avoiding prolonged or repetitive pain/stress during NICU car</a>e</p></li></ul><p>Numerous clinical studies have demonstrated that failure to treat pain leads to short-term complications and long-term physiological, behavioral, cognitive sequelae including altered pain processing, attention deficit disorder, impaired visual-perceptual ability or visual-motor integration<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4254489/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#R17"><sup>17</sup></a><sup>-</sup><a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4254489/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#R19"><sup>19</sup></a>, and poor executive functions<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4254489/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#R20"><sup>20</sup></a><sup>,</sup><a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4254489/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#R21"><sup>21</sup></a>. Conversely, other studies showed needless analgesic therapy prolongs need for mechanical ventilation, delays feeding, or leads to other sequelae including impaired brain growth, poor socialization skills, and impaired performance in short-term memory tasks<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4254489/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#R17"><sup>17</sup></a><sup>,</sup><a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4254489/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#R18"><sup>18</sup></a>. About 460,000 neonates in the US require care in Neonatal ICUs (NICUs) each year and are exposed to acute pain from invasive procedures or prolonged pain from surgery or inflammation<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4254489/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#R22"><sup>22</sup></a><sup>-</sup><a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4254489/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#R24"><sup>24</sup></a>. Assessing neonatal pain is difficult to teach, time- and labor-intensive, often open to subjective interpretation, and a source of conflict in NICU care.</p></blockquote><p></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1084275698800845?utm_source=chatgpt.com" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cO8P!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa409bbdc-7b7b-42c3-891d-3e010f2f823d_894x697.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cO8P!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa409bbdc-7b7b-42c3-891d-3e010f2f823d_894x697.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cO8P!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa409bbdc-7b7b-42c3-891d-3e010f2f823d_894x697.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cO8P!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa409bbdc-7b7b-42c3-891d-3e010f2f823d_894x697.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cO8P!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa409bbdc-7b7b-42c3-891d-3e010f2f823d_894x697.png" width="894" height="697" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/a409bbdc-7b7b-42c3-891d-3e010f2f823d_894x697.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:697,&quot;width&quot;:894,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:111793,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1084275698800845?utm_source=chatgpt.com&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/187988675?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa409bbdc-7b7b-42c3-891d-3e010f2f823d_894x697.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cO8P!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa409bbdc-7b7b-42c3-891d-3e010f2f823d_894x697.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cO8P!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa409bbdc-7b7b-42c3-891d-3e010f2f823d_894x697.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cO8P!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa409bbdc-7b7b-42c3-891d-3e010f2f823d_894x697.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cO8P!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa409bbdc-7b7b-42c3-891d-3e010f2f823d_894x697.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><p>Until 10 years ago, pain and discomfort in the newborn were not seen as a priority. Babies were operated on with little or no anaesthesia and no analgesia. Babies receiving intensive care were rarely sedated. Attitudes and practices changed quickly following the publication of two key articles, so that pain and its relief are now seen to be important. <a href="http://gh">The major factors in this change were the realization that the newborn feels pain, and demonstration that anaesthesia and analgesia appear to be safe</a>. Ethical issues are raised by the fact that clinicians ignored the existence of pain in the newborn for so long.</p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://academic.oup.com/ilarjournal/article/33/1-2/19/737028?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;login=false" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dwL-!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2b7a3f7e-04d6-463c-ae73-a74371121589_1101x351.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dwL-!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2b7a3f7e-04d6-463c-ae73-a74371121589_1101x351.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dwL-!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2b7a3f7e-04d6-463c-ae73-a74371121589_1101x351.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dwL-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2b7a3f7e-04d6-463c-ae73-a74371121589_1101x351.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dwL-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2b7a3f7e-04d6-463c-ae73-a74371121589_1101x351.png" width="1101" height="351" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/2b7a3f7e-04d6-463c-ae73-a74371121589_1101x351.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:351,&quot;width&quot;:1101,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:48505,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https://academic.oup.com/ilarjournal/article/33/1-2/19/737028?utm_source=chatgpt.com&amp;login=false&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/187988675?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2b7a3f7e-04d6-463c-ae73-a74371121589_1101x351.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dwL-!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2b7a3f7e-04d6-463c-ae73-a74371121589_1101x351.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dwL-!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2b7a3f7e-04d6-463c-ae73-a74371121589_1101x351.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dwL-!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2b7a3f7e-04d6-463c-ae73-a74371121589_1101x351.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dwL-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2b7a3f7e-04d6-463c-ae73-a74371121589_1101x351.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><h2><strong>Introduction</strong></h2><p>Over the past 20 years, advances in patient monitoring and anesthetic techniques coupled with a better understanding of the pathophysiology underlying neonatal disease states have made a great impact on the practice of neonatal anesthesia. Nevertheless, whether anesthesia is necessary in neonates and what constitutes adequate anesthesia for neonates are still major concerns among parents, health care professionals, and the public. For the anesthesiologist, the issue of adequate anesthesia is paramount to providing quality medical care. Yet Lippmann et al. (1976) wrote that in surgery for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), &#8216;anesthetic or analgesic agents in our experience are unnecessary,&#8217; and in a recent article <a href="http://fuck off">Gauntlett (1987) stated that only 85 percent of anesthetists responding to a survey believed that newborns perceived pain.</a></p><p>For some anesthesiologists the rationale of withholding anesthesia is still based on the notion that infants requiring surgery are too ill to withstand the significant cardiovascular and respiratory depressant effects of anesthesia. For others, the knowledge that neonatal cortical connections and nerve myelination are incomplete, coupled with the neonate&#8217;s primitive reflex (decorticate posturing) in response to pain, allow them to rationalize that operative procedures in neonates can be performed without the benefit of anesthesia.</p><p>The issue of pain management, however, is not limited to the operating room. <a href="http://fuck off">In a survey of intensive care nurses, 59 percent of the responders believed that newborns did not perceive pain in a manner similar to adults</a>, but 77 percent believed that pain medications were underutilized (Franke et al., 1986). Thus, it appears that pain management for newborns is frequently not undertaken or is inadequately administered.</p></blockquote><p></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IT8q!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc8d13c4b-3141-47bb-8b42-410e13e07144_1433x404.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IT8q!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc8d13c4b-3141-47bb-8b42-410e13e07144_1433x404.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IT8q!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc8d13c4b-3141-47bb-8b42-410e13e07144_1433x404.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IT8q!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc8d13c4b-3141-47bb-8b42-410e13e07144_1433x404.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IT8q!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc8d13c4b-3141-47bb-8b42-410e13e07144_1433x404.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IT8q!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc8d13c4b-3141-47bb-8b42-410e13e07144_1433x404.png" width="1433" height="404" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c8d13c4b-3141-47bb-8b42-410e13e07144_1433x404.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:404,&quot;width&quot;:1433,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:77078,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/187988675?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc8d13c4b-3141-47bb-8b42-410e13e07144_1433x404.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IT8q!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc8d13c4b-3141-47bb-8b42-410e13e07144_1433x404.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IT8q!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc8d13c4b-3141-47bb-8b42-410e13e07144_1433x404.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IT8q!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc8d13c4b-3141-47bb-8b42-410e13e07144_1433x404.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IT8q!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc8d13c4b-3141-47bb-8b42-410e13e07144_1433x404.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><h2>Abstract</h2><p>Within the past few years, the assumption that preterm infants experience little or no pain has been challenged in nursing and medical literature. It is not clear to what extent changes have taken place in the practice area. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the beliefs of NICU nurses and physicians about the existence and treatment of pain in preterm infants. Respondents to the open-ended interviews were 5 neonatologists and i0 nurses at two regional referral neonatal intensive care units in North Carolina. Interviews took from 20 to 40 minutes and were analyzed using the Ethnograph program AU respondents agreed that preterm. infants experience pain. Both groups identified behavioral and physiological cues to pain recognition. There were differences in initial approaches to treatment. However, both groups indicated that the nurse has the pivotal role in recognition and initiation of treatment to reduce or eliminate pain<em>.</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BEyh!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdfeafa38-2662-4493-9abe-adb9f7aa6551_1720x855.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BEyh!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdfeafa38-2662-4493-9abe-adb9f7aa6551_1720x855.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BEyh!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdfeafa38-2662-4493-9abe-adb9f7aa6551_1720x855.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BEyh!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdfeafa38-2662-4493-9abe-adb9f7aa6551_1720x855.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BEyh!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdfeafa38-2662-4493-9abe-adb9f7aa6551_1720x855.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BEyh!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdfeafa38-2662-4493-9abe-adb9f7aa6551_1720x855.png" width="1456" height="724" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/dfeafa38-2662-4493-9abe-adb9f7aa6551_1720x855.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:724,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:871151,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/187988675?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdfeafa38-2662-4493-9abe-adb9f7aa6551_1720x855.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BEyh!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdfeafa38-2662-4493-9abe-adb9f7aa6551_1720x855.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BEyh!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdfeafa38-2662-4493-9abe-adb9f7aa6551_1720x855.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BEyh!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdfeafa38-2662-4493-9abe-adb9f7aa6551_1720x855.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BEyh!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdfeafa38-2662-4493-9abe-adb9f7aa6551_1720x855.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Uh08!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0e799a80-aa9f-4c81-b3f4-f5c19c7ff395_873x725.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Uh08!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0e799a80-aa9f-4c81-b3f4-f5c19c7ff395_873x725.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Uh08!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0e799a80-aa9f-4c81-b3f4-f5c19c7ff395_873x725.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Uh08!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0e799a80-aa9f-4c81-b3f4-f5c19c7ff395_873x725.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Uh08!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0e799a80-aa9f-4c81-b3f4-f5c19c7ff395_873x725.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Uh08!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0e799a80-aa9f-4c81-b3f4-f5c19c7ff395_873x725.png" width="873" height="725" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/0e799a80-aa9f-4c81-b3f4-f5c19c7ff395_873x725.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:725,&quot;width&quot;:873,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:171440,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/187988675?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0e799a80-aa9f-4c81-b3f4-f5c19c7ff395_873x725.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Uh08!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0e799a80-aa9f-4c81-b3f4-f5c19c7ff395_873x725.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Uh08!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0e799a80-aa9f-4c81-b3f4-f5c19c7ff395_873x725.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Uh08!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0e799a80-aa9f-4c81-b3f4-f5c19c7ff395_873x725.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Uh08!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0e799a80-aa9f-4c81-b3f4-f5c19c7ff395_873x725.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2u0t!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F11f30971-e203-4280-8364-4b69d0c29910_950x680.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2u0t!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F11f30971-e203-4280-8364-4b69d0c29910_950x680.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2u0t!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F11f30971-e203-4280-8364-4b69d0c29910_950x680.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2u0t!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F11f30971-e203-4280-8364-4b69d0c29910_950x680.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div></blockquote><h1>CHAT GPT</h1><p></p><h1>&#129504; What the evidence actually shows (critical clarification)</h1><h3>&#10004;&#65039; What <em>is true</em></h3><ul><li><p>Many medical practices <strong>under-treated or ignored infant pain</strong> well into the 1980s.</p></li><li><p>Some clinicians believed infant responses were <strong>reflexes rather than conscious pain</strong>.</p></li><li><p>Major change occurred <strong>late 1980s &#8594; early 1990s</strong>, driven by:</p><ul><li><p>hormonal stress studies (e.g., Anand et al., late 1980s&#8212;often cited though not retrieved above),</p></li><li><p>improved monitoring,</p></li><li><p>safer anesthesia techniques.</p></li></ul></li></ul><h3>&#10060; What is oversimplified or misleading</h3><ul><li><p><a href="http://ppp">It is </a><strong><a href="http://ppp">not accurate</a></strong><a href="http://ppp"> that </a><em><a href="http://ppp">all</a></em><a href="http://ppp"> or even </a><em><a href="http://ppp">most</a></em><a href="http://ppp"> doctors universally believed babies &#8220;couldn&#8217;t feel pain&#8221; until a specific year like 1985 or 1999.</a></p></li><li><p><a href="http://ppp">The reality was:</a></p><ul><li><p><strong><a href="http://ppp">debate + uncertainty + risk concerns about anesthesia</a></strong></p></li><li><p><a href="http://ppp">gradual shift, not a single discovery date</a></p></li><li><p><a href="http://ppp">earlier awareness existed but wasn&#8217;t consistently translated into practice</a></p></li></ul></li></ul><h3>&#129513; Why the misconception persisted</h3><p>From the literature:</p><ul><li><p>Difficulty measuring pain in non-verbal patients</p></li><li><p>Fear that anesthesia was <strong>too dangerous for neonates</strong></p></li><li><p>Belief pain might be <strong>short-lived or not consciously processed</strong></p></li><li><p>Lack of tools and protocols</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h1>&#128204; Bottom line</h1><ul><li><p>The <strong>1980s&#8211;early 1990s</strong> were indeed the turning point where:</p><ul><li><p>strong evidence accumulated</p></li><li><p>clinical guidelines began to change</p></li></ul></li><li><p>But the idea of a <strong>single &#8220;cutoff year&#8221; (1985 or 1999)</strong> is not supported by the peer-reviewed literature.</p></li><li><p>Instead, it was a <strong>gradual scientific and clinical shift</strong>.</p></li></ul><p></p><h1>&#8220;FIRST DO NO HARM&#8221;</h1><p>At every opportunity you will invariably hear platformed Doctors and Medics spew forth this virtue signaling bilge phrase as a seemingly moral &#8220;get out of jail&#8221; free card. It broadcasts to the world around them, or anyone within earshot, that they have indeed your best interest at heart, that they haven&#8217;t got a Massive God complex, an earth shattering student loan to repay and an unquestioning belief in a medical textbook and authoritarian hierarchical structure that would make Maoist China look like Woodstock (It&#8217;s hard to find an actually truly free analogy).</p><p>For, I would say every last one of these institutionalized barbarians has been, it turns out, 100% fueled by its dogmatic religious cult like status and in unison an echo chamber of Dunning Kruger. That is my only explanation for this information above, as it cannot be passed off as a Black Swan when so uniformly presented in the faux inquisitive manner across ALL of the published literature on this subject. So let&#8217;s go through a few of the real home truths that should be ringing in your ears after reading this:</p><p>Working from the back, Chat GPT is, as one would expect, running cover for these monumentally retarded  &#8220;thought leaders&#8221; of their times. It states that &#8220;not all or even most doctors believed that babies couldn&#8217;t feel pain until 1999&#8221;. This is a double edged sword for the digital version of Lord Haw Haw as really the privately held beliefs of the doctors in this cult make zero difference to how they are expected to behave in the cult. When systems and protocols are written and a chain of command is in place, you are expected to carry out the regimen written based on the beliefs of the person or people who wrote the rules ( bit of a problem, huh Statists?). </p><p>If those people, as we can see here by all of the institutional papers being put out through the 80s, 90s and into the new millennium are uniformly only at the stage of posing puzzled questions as to whether babies can feel pain or not (fucking mental) then the institution as a whole has NOT yet adopted a change. You can see this change happen from institutionally believing in BABIES FEELING PAIN (FFFFFS) in the US and Canada at least in 2006 (yes this century, yes just 20 yrs ago) when The American Academy of Pediatrics and the Canadian Pediatric Society (AAP/CPS) updated their guidelines in 2006  recommending that each health care facility treating newborns should establish a neonatal pain control program that included performing routine assessments to detect neonatal pain. Hence we can assume that institutionally beforehand they did NOT routinely detect neonatal pain because they didn&#8217;t give a shit about neonatal pain.</p><p>Really we don&#8217;t even have to be as indirect as this as in the paper &#8220;Pain in the Neonate&#8221; published in 1993, in a survey the majority (59%) of Intensive care nurses thought that babies didn&#8217;t feel pain like adults. Even in anesthetists whose sole job it is to knock people unconscious so they don&#8217;t feel pain and thrash about, 15% of them in 1987 explicitly said they believed that babies could not feel pain. This is really squared off in the first paper &#8220;Pain Management in Newborns&#8221; outlining institutional attitudes when it says &#8220;<strong>During the 20<sup>th</sup> century, however, most procedures and clinical practices established in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) uniformly denied or disregarded the occurrence of neonatal pain&#8221;. </strong>There is no real beating about the bush as the sources lead down a reinforcing wormhole back into the 1970s the threshold where there are just no questions about neonatal pain and the protocols and hence establishment just uniformly denied it. </p><h1><strong> A CASE STUDY</strong></h1><p>It may be a little boring, so sorry for that, but I have copied this entire article in the rather tellingly named journal &#8220;Pediatric &amp; Neonatal Pain&#8221; written by Celeste Johnston. I have included the entire article because it gives a complete picture of the thought process going on in the heads of these indoctrinated psychopathic monsters: </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YvNZ!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb984c35b-a27a-4bf2-95ca-b7589718c8e2_820x379.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YvNZ!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb984c35b-a27a-4bf2-95ca-b7589718c8e2_820x379.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YvNZ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb984c35b-a27a-4bf2-95ca-b7589718c8e2_820x379.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YvNZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb984c35b-a27a-4bf2-95ca-b7589718c8e2_820x379.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YvNZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb984c35b-a27a-4bf2-95ca-b7589718c8e2_820x379.png" width="820" height="379" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/b984c35b-a27a-4bf2-95ca-b7589718c8e2_820x379.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:379,&quot;width&quot;:820,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:74690,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/187988675?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb984c35b-a27a-4bf2-95ca-b7589718c8e2_820x379.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YvNZ!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb984c35b-a27a-4bf2-95ca-b7589718c8e2_820x379.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YvNZ!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb984c35b-a27a-4bf2-95ca-b7589718c8e2_820x379.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YvNZ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb984c35b-a27a-4bf2-95ca-b7589718c8e2_820x379.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YvNZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb984c35b-a27a-4bf2-95ca-b7589718c8e2_820x379.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><blockquote><h2>Abstract</h2><p>From 1980 into present day, 2020, the evolution of neonatal pain research is told as a journey by one researcher, Celeste Johnston. At the beginning of her work, there was essentially no interest or work in the area. She was fortunate to be led into the area by a clinical problem: how to determine the amount of pain babies in the NICU were experiencing. That question resulted in over three decades of work with neonates. Measuring pain was the first challenge and is one that remains a focus of current research. Initially, the only choices for treating pain in neonates were either opioids or anesthetics, each with problems. Research on sweet taste and more recently on skin&#8208;to&#8208;skin contact has offered effective and safe options for procedural pain. Although progress has been made in the incidence of pain management in infants, it still is far less than it could be. Steps along the way of measurement, treatment, and knowledge utilization are chronicled by this researcher.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> animal models of pain, measurement of pain, neonates, non-pharmacological management of pain, pain</p><h2>1. BACKGROUND</h2><p>The time this story starts is early in the 1980s. When looking back, it now seems astonishing that in that era almost no attention was given to pain in neonates. There were no measures, no interventions other than opiates, which were rarely used, no policies on neonatal pain management, and prevailing myths that infants either did not feel pain or that it was short lived. I had begun working at the Montreal Children&#8217;s Hospital when finishing my doctorate in counseling psychology in 1979. For my dissertation, I studied the effect of peer models as teachers. When I first went to the Children&#8217;s, I started work on using peer models for preoperative anxiety in children aged four and older. It became clear early on, that if the pain was controlled, the anxiety was less. This is so obvious in hindsight! I had worked in an adult burn unit after my Masters degree in nursing where, being appalled at the pain burn patients suffered, I started attending pain rounds in the early days of Ron Melzack&#8217;s clinical work. I considered that I therefore knew something about pain! I started connecting with different disciplines at the Children&#8217;s in an attempt to have better management of pain in young patients, but my early focus was on verbal children.</p><p>At some point, in the mid 1980s, I was approached by nurses in the NICU to help with a problem they had regarding palliative care babies. Judi Collinge was the former Head Nurse and remained on the unit as a Research Nurse, and she and I had worked together to form a nursing research group at the Children&#8217;s<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0001"> <sup>1</sup> </a>so she was my conduit into the NICU, bearing in mind that I had no clinical expertise in that population. The nurses&#8217; dilemma was that they perceived babies in palliative care were in pain and nothing was being done for it. They wanted to know how they could prove to the medical staff that the babies were suffering. Could I help them?</p><h2>2. MEASURING PAIN IN NONVERBAL PATIENTS</h2><p>In searching the literature for measurements of pain in infants, there was nothing published. It was a tabula rasa. In discussions with colleagues, I did discover that in studies of facial expression or cries, pain had been one condition that had been examined. As I was working on a grant submission, unbeknownst to me, Owens and Todt were conducting research on a description of newborn pain response. Their paper was published in Pain in 1984,<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0002"> <sup>2</sup> </a>and my grant was funded in 1985. The Owen and Todt study examined duration of crying and heart rate as parameters, but they had recommended more parameters be used. Happily my application had included 4 parameters including heart rate, crying duration as well as spectrograph analysis, facial expression, and body movement. We published that as a preliminary study.<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0003"> <sup>3</sup></a></p><p>A &#8220;pain cry signature&#8221; was what I was hoping to find in the next study, along with examining developmental changes over the first year of life. My sample consisted of healthy infants 2, 4, 6, and 12 months of age coming for routine immunization. There were three conditions in which we measured their response, anger with held head so they could not turn surprise with jack&#8208;in&#8208;the&#8208;box, and pain from the immunization. The pain was always last as they would have been too upset for the other conditions. There were several problems with that study. The two&#8208;month&#8208;olds were totally unsurprised by the jack&#8208;in&#8208;the&#8208;box, and very few infants cried in all three conditions, although enough to analyze. There was a pain cry which was high pitched, long in duration, and dysphonated, which is heard as harsh.<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0004"> <sup>4</sup> </a>, <a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0005"><sup>5</sup></a></p><p>However, I had wandered from the initial request about infants in the NICU, the ones undergoing numerous painful procedures, as opposed to healthy infants receiving an injection every two months. Two things became apparent in my multi&#8208;dimensional approach. First of all, sick preterm neonates tend not to have the energy to cry and are often intubated, and secondly, they are (hopefully) bundled, so that you cannot see body movements. So, I decided to refocus on that population.</p><p>At the time, I was most fortunate to have Bonnie Stevens as my first PhD student. I must say that it was with her arrival that my productivity increased dramatically. Having bright, productive students is something all researchers should strive toward!</p><p>I was able to obtain funding again to study pain in infants, this time, in the NICU. Bonnie and I shared the data from the cohort of infants from 32&#8208; to 36&#8208;week gestational age. In this study, we exposed infants to a sham heel lance in which heel was warmed and wiped with alcohol, and a cotton&#8208;tipped swab is applied to the heel; then, the heel is squeezed, and motion made as though applying an adhesive dressing. The real heel lance was compared to the sham heel lance in a cross&#8208;over design on different days. Bonnie used data from the heel lance condition for her work,<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0006"> <sup>6</sup> </a>, <a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0007"><sup>7</sup> </a>, <a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0008"><sup>8</sup> </a>and I looked at the different response to conditions as well as the change over time. I was also very fortunate at that time to work with Ken Craig and Ruth Grunau in examining approaches to pain measurement.<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0009"> <sup>9</sup> </a>, <a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0010"><sup>10</sup> </a>I had to confess that data were suggesting that facial expression, not cry, was a more discriminative parameter of the pain response. Ken suggested that the cry was a signal, like a siren to gain caregivers attention, and facial expression communicate what state the infant was in Ref. <a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0011">11</a>.</p><p>Bonnie and I worked with our data and developed the premature infant pain profile<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0012"> <sup>12</sup> </a>which she has since tested multiple times so that it now has become a standard of pain measurement. She also tested it in older infants and for its clinical utility. It has undergone one revision to account for very young infants who may not show a response to pain.<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0013"> <sup>13</sup> </a>There are a couple of unique things about the PIPP that account for the success of it. First of all, it incorporates two factors of gestational age and behavioral state at the time of the procedure, both of which impact pain response. Secondly, not widely known, the cutoff points for scoring were derived from actual data from over 100 infants, which showed a quadrimodal distribution, accounting for scoring on the PIPP of 0, 1, 2, and 3. That is, the scoring was not chosen arbitrarily, but empirically.</p><p>We noticed that some infants showed absolutely no response to a tissue&#8208;damaging procedure, and we wondered whether there were factors that could account for that. We examine a data set from a control condition of 120 infants. We examined age, Apgar score at 5 minutes, severity of illness, sex, race, wake/sleep state, previous study sessions, total number of painful procedures since birth, and time since last painful procedure in a logistic regression. Younger age, both gestational and postnatal, sleep state, and shorter time since last procedure predicted no response.<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0014"> <sup>14</sup> </a>Other studies had reported on age and state, but none had examined time since last procedure.</p><p>Although my major population was with preterm neonates, yet another bright PhD student, Manon Ranger, looked at infants in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) undergoing painful procedures. She used a new method, certainly new for pain in infants, to gain some glimpse of sensory cortical activity in response to pain, near&#8208;infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0015"> <sup>15</sup> </a>NIRS is noninvasive and can access activity of the infant cerebral cortex through cerebral bloodflow calculations of oxygenated vs nonoxygenated hemaglobin. Thus, the amount of activity in the somatosensory cortex of the infant can be determined and has been shown to be sensitive to noxious stimuli in infants.<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0016"> <sup>16</sup></a></p><h2>3. PAIN MANAGEMENT PRACTICE</h2><p>Although there were studies emerging that suggested there were important consequences to unmanaged pain (more detail below), it seemed as though there was still little being done for babies in pain, particularly for minor, but frequent procedures. Along with Judi Collinge and neonatologist, Jack Aranda, we conducted a study across Canada with 14 NICU&#8217;s to examine pain management practices.<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0017"> <sup>17</sup> </a>Shockingly, less than 1% of procedures were given medication for painful procedures. This was before nonpharmacological studies had demonstrated efficacy. Twelve years later, I conducted a follow&#8208;up survey across 14 NICU&#8217;s in Canada, not all the same as the first survey, and found that practice had improved with approximately half of all procedures being treated, all but 15% with nonpharmacological methods including sucrose which by that time had been demonstrated to be efficacious for a single procedure.<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0018"> <sup>18</sup> </a>One finding that particularly interested me was that a factor predicting whether or not interventions were used was when the parent was present, their being there increasing the likelihood of management.</p><p>Another bright PhD student working with me, Margot Latimer, studied factors predicting pain management practice among NICU nurses. While expecting that multiple admissions during a shift or nurses education level and such factors to explain variation, she found that the leadership in the unit was predictive.<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0019"> <sup>19</sup> </a>The more collegial and less hierarchical the nurse&#8208;physician relationship, the higher the degree of pain management practice by the nurses.</p><h2>4. CONSEQUENCES OF UNTREATED PAIN</h2><p>In the late 1980s, Sunny Anand published two seminal papers that unequivocally showed that untreated pain in neonates undergoing surgery resulted in major hormonal and metabolic stress responses that contributed to increased morbidity and even mortality.<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0020"> <sup>20</sup> </a>, <a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0021"><sup>21</sup> </a>These studies, along with baby Jeffrey Lawson, who died following cardiac surgery with no anesthesia or analgesia, and whose mother, Jill Lawson, published widely her baby&#8217;s completely unethical ordeal, brought the treatment of pain into the public and policy maker domain. There was newfound interest in the topic with such bodies as the American Academy of Pediatrics publishing statements about treating pain in infants.</p><p>While profound, Sunny&#8217;s studies and baby Jeffrey Lawsons needless tragic death, they did not address the daily pain that nonsurgical patients in the NICU were experiencing. Maria Fitzgerald started her pivotal series of studies demonstrating the long&#8208;term consequences of minor procedures in infants and, perhaps more importantly, showed the developmental vulnerabilities of the preterm neonate.<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0022"> <sup>22</sup> </a>, <a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0023"><sup>23</sup> </a>, <a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0024"><sup>24</sup></a></p><p>I decided to examine the effect of being in the NICU over 4 weeks.<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0025"> <sup>25</sup> </a>I recruited two groups of infants, both 32&#8208;week gestational age; however, one group was four days postnatal age (younger) and the other group was four weeks postnatal age. We examined the pain response and regressed factors including gestational age at birth, 5&#8208;minute Apgars, birthweight, severity of illness, and number of painful procedures on the pain parameters of the PIPP. The older infants had a higher physiological response, that is, higher heart rate, lower oxygen saturation levels, but lower facial action expression. So, we were able to document clear changes in response over time including inability to appropriately mount a physiological response and to robustly communicate state through facial actions.</p><p>Recognizing the difficulty that I had with conducting human studies that clearly showed brain changes, this being before brain imaging studies on infants, I embarked on some animal studies with my brilliant colleague, Dominique Walker, a developmental neurobiologist. While on sabbatical in 2000, I spent time in her laboratory, her rat nursery, to learn some of the techniques used in animal models and to actually participate in the design as well as the conduction of a study to examine long&#8208;term consequences of pain. We were particularly interested in pain sensitivity following repeated neonatal pain, mimicking experience in NICU&#8217;s. In our design, we had three groups of newborn rat pups. One group was never disturbed from the nest, and another group was simply removed from the nest and dam for 15 minutes four times daily. The third group was removed and given a pawprick with a 26 g needle and replaced in next 15 minutes later. We included the simply separated group as earlier studies had not controlled for maternal separation. We tested at ages equivalent to adolescence, adulthood, and senior age on thermal sensitivity and inflammatory pain response. There was no difference in inflammatory pain response but the separated only group had lower thresholds than the pain group, which we could not explain. When we reviewed the videotapes and counted maternal grooming behaviors when the pups were returned to the nest, we discovered that the pain group received one and a quarter times more grooming than the separated only group. When this was factored in, the pain group had a lower threshold, as has been predicted.<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0026"> <sup>26</sup> </a>, <a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0027"><sup>27</sup> </a>, <a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0028"><sup>28</sup> </a>This led to an &#8220;ah&#8208;ha&#8221; moment, which I will elaborate on later in the next section.</p><p>We followed up these studies by examining the influence of maternal grooming on pain response<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0029"> <sup>29</sup> </a>, <a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0030"><sup>30</sup> </a>and continued to note that there was a blunting effect on long&#8208;term responses with maternal influences.</p><h2>5. PROCEDURAL PAIN MANAGEMENT</h2><p>We were becoming aware of the hazards of using opiates with preterm neonates<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0031"> <sup>31</sup> </a>and were searching for alternatives. Topical anesthetics were a group of drugs to explore, Eutectic Mixture of Local Anesthetics (EMLA) cream being one of promise.<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0032"> <sup>32</sup> </a>, <a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0033"><sup>33</sup> </a>, <a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0034"><sup>34</sup> </a>We had used it ourselves in a study on circumcision.<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0035"> <sup>35</sup> </a>Along with Bonnie Stevens and two neonatologists/pharmacologist, we were funded to study its use for heel lance pain management. Somewhat to our surprise, but EMLA was not effective.<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0036"> <sup>36</sup> </a>A group is Sweden reported that EMLA did not have an opportunity to bind in thin infant skin.<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0037"> <sup>37</sup> </a>, <a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0038"><sup>38</sup></a></p><p>We were also aware of the blunting of pain response with sweet taste in both animals and full terms.<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0039"> <sup>39</sup> </a>, <a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0040"><sup>40</sup> </a>We then focused on sucrose. I did a few studies on sucrose, examining timing and dosage,<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0041"> <sup>41</sup> </a>and comparing to other interventions such as rocking.<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0042"> <sup>42</sup> </a>With Bonnie Stevens as principal investigator, we investigated the addition of sucrose to other developmentally sensitive interventions such as prone position or pacifier.<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0043"> <sup>43</sup> </a>All of these studies and of others had studied sweet taste, predominantly sucrose, for a single event. Since it was showing to be highly effective, it was being used more and more in NICU&#8217;s. However, I was concerned about its continued analgesic effect as well as whether or not it would mitigate long&#8208;term consequences of repeated pain. We conducted a study of 107 newly born infants who were less than 31 weeks gestational age who would receive 1% sucrose or placebo for every painful procedure in the first week of life. Our primary outcome was three parameters of the Neurobehavioral Assessment of Preterm Infants (NAPI), namely motor development and vigor, alertness, and orientation at 32&#8208;, 36&#8208;, and 40&#8208;week gestational age. We fully expected the infants receiving sucrose to do better, but not only was there no difference between groups, when examining the sucrose group, the greater the number of doses, the lower the developmental scores.<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0044"> <sup>44</sup> </a>This was the first study to indicate that sucrose was not the unequivocal answer to procedural pain.</p><p>Since sucrose was a mainstay of procedural management of pain, and some studies had found no problem with it, we decided to do a secondary analysis on the data set to see if there was a threshold of doses, below which the developmental scores were within the norms. We found that infants who received less than 10 doses of 0.1 mL 24% sucrose per week were within 2 SD of normed means of the NAPI.<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0045"> <sup>45</sup></a></p><p>Marilyn Aita, another bright PhD student, studied the effect of environmental noise and light on pain response. She had worked in a NICU and had particular interest in Developmental Care, which is based on decreasing environmental stimuli stressors, among other practices. In her study, infants were outfitted with masks and earmuffs to blunt these extraneous stimuli, since the layout of the NICU did not allow for randomization with or without stimuli. The outcomes were indices of physiological stability, primarily heart rate variability. Unfortunately, the masks and earmuffs were distressing to the infants, so that other means of reducing light and noise need to be found.<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0046"> <sup>46</sup></a></p><h2>6. ITS ALL ABOUT THE MOTHER</h2><p>Above, I mentioned the &#8220;ah&#8208;ha&#8221; moment in our animal study when we realized that maternal grooming blunted the effects of pain. I also mentioned above that pain management was more likely to be given to an infant if the mother was there. I had anecdotally noted that babies&#8217; oxygen saturation level increased and their heart rates decreased when a parent was beside the incubator touching them. I tried to study that by having a mat on the floor beside the incubator that had a sensor to turn on camera and capture not only behavior but heart rate and oxygen saturation level. The person stepping on the mat was to identify themselves as nurse, doctor, etc or mother, father. The machinery would also turn on for 30 seconds every 5 minutes when no one was there in order to have baseline data. Unfortunately, this study failed utterly in that nurses were straddling the mat to avoid being recorded!</p><p>I had also heard about Kangaroo Care, or more technically, skin&#8208;to&#8208;skin care as an alternative to incubators for preterm neonates in resource&#8208;poor countries.<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0047"> <sup>47</sup> </a>, <a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0048"><sup>48</sup> </a>Putting together my observations of the rat pups and their mothers as well as knowing of Kangaroo Care, I submitted for funding to study its effect. Just as I received word of success of funding, a study was published with full&#8208;term infants undergoing injection that showed its efficacy.<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0049"> <sup>49</sup> </a>Our first study was with infants 32&#8208;36 weeks of age, as we thought younger infants may not have endogenous mechanisms developed enough to be invoked by Kangaroo Care. We found that it was efficacious.<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0050"> <sup>50</sup> </a>We then decided to study it with younger infants, that is, 28&#8208;32 weeks and were happy to find that it was also efficacious in this group.<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0051"> <sup>51</sup> </a>At this point, we had decided to no longer have no treatment control group as there were enough data for either sucrose or kangaroo care that it was unethical to withhold.<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0052"> <sup>52</sup> </a>We then conducted studies on comparing kangaroo care to enhanced kangaroo care, in which the mother rocked, talked or sang to the baby, and offered her finger for the infant to suck. There was no difference between the conditions.<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0053"> <sup>53</sup> </a>In some instances, mothers were not able to be present, so we started to examine other types of kangaroo care, even just using the mothers recorded voice, which was not efficacious,<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0054"> <sup>54</sup> </a>possibly because the recorded voice was too loud, which we had set to be above ambient noise, which says something about the ambient noise. We noted that at times, fathers or grandmothers would volunteer to do Kangaroo Care when the mother was not available. We then embarked on studies of fathers compared to mothers and mothers compared to other women, not related to them, since grandmothers and maternal aunts share some characteristics such as scent and voice. In both instances, the mothers were more effective than others.<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0055"> <sup>55</sup> </a>, <a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0056"><sup>56</sup> </a>As mentioned above, we did not have a no treatment control group, but the pain scores from historical controls were much higher than either fathers or nonrelated women.</p><p>While conducting these studies, yet again I was fortunate to have a bright PhD student, Marsha Campbell&#8208;Yeo who studied the effect of being cobedded with the twin in multiple births. Since these babies had been together since conception, often sharing the same amniotic sac, touching each other, we wondered whether continued care with the twin would be comforting. Using the standard of care, sucrose, as the control, we compared pain response in twins who were or were not cobedded. The pain scores were not different between the two groups of twins, but the time to recovery was less in the cobedded group<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0057"> <sup>57</sup> </a>as was the cortisol response.<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0058"> <sup>58</sup></a></p><p>Again in consideration of clinical conditions in which infants might be too young or unstable to go into Kangaroo Care, I looked for other possibilities. For very tiny infants, who are disturbed by cutaneous stimulation of any type, I decided to study Therapeutic Touch, in which direct physical touch does not happen, but rather energy fields are accessed by the therapist. The study was conducted in such a way that if we had positive results, there could be no source of bias: A site in Sweden allocated condition and only the Therapeutic Touch nurse had access to the code, and she either conducted Therapeutic Touch or stood by the incubator doing math calculations in her head with the curtains pulled around her. There were two cameras: one focused on the baby&#8217;s face for coding and one on the nurse for validation of the procedure (which were never viewed), and heart rate and oxygen saturations were obtained through clinical monitors. There were absolutely no differences between the groups.<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0059"> <sup>59</sup> </a>The plots could have been superimposed. I remain skeptical about the effect of Therapeutic Touch, although people I highly respect are proponents of it.</p><p>Given our studies and the number of other studies on Kangaroo Care for pain that were coming out, we decided to do a Cochrane review on Kangaroo Care for procedural pain. We wrote one review<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0060"> <sup>60</sup> </a>revised it<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0061"> <sup>61</sup> </a>and are currently (year 2020) revising it to include newer studies. It is clear that it is effective as a means of preventing response from procedural pain in both behavioral and, somewhat less, physiological parameters.</p><p>We were also wanting to determine whether Kangaroo Care remained efficacious over time, whether it was as good as the standard of care, sucrose, and whether there were longer term developmental differences. We compared three randomized groups in three heel lances spread across the entire NICU stay: 24% sucrose alone, Kangaroo Care alone, or the combination of sucrose and Kangaroo Care. There were no differences in pain responses nor in developmental outcomes.<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8975195/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#pne212020-bib-0062"> <sup>62</sup> </a>We concluded that since Kangaroo Care alone was as efficacious as the standard of care, and the addition of sucrose did not improve on any outcomes, that it should become the standard of care. We are continuing to analyze that database to examine amount of time in Kangaroo Care and even effects on epigenetics of hormones.</p><h2>7. FUTURE DIRECTIONS</h2><p>Being this far in my career, I am often asked to comment on future directions for research on pain in neonates. In actual fact, I cannot predict the future and trust that my younger colleagues will continue to work on it so as to alleviate suffering in our tiny patients. The few comments I do have are more general.</p><p>In terms of the quest to measure pain and not another state, I am not certain that such a thing is possible, because I am not certain that pain is a differentiated sensation in humans of any age, especially those with immature sensory processing mechanisms. If you consider that in the adult literature, there has been an ongoing search for some way to differentiate chronic pain from depression, but more recently, there is an acknowledgment that not only do the co&#8208;exist, they might be the same. Similarly, for neonates, any high level stimulation, be it noise or light or pain, will cause distress which may be painful.</p><p>The effect of the mother is only recently being appreciated. We need only look at other mammals to see the profound comforting effect mothers have. Our recent studies of maternal (or other caring persons) comfort using ventral skin&#8208;to&#8208;skin contact is only the beginning of ways in which mothers and other caretakers can be more involved in reducing pain. The study on maternal voice that I conducted which had negative results should be repeated with appropriate sound levels. Maternal scent should be further explored. Basically, parents need to be more involved in caring for their preterm neonates. With acute observations, ideas might emerge for study.</p><p>Finally, the best knowledge is useless unless it is implemented into care. Much work is now being conducted on evidence&#8208;based care. I applaud and encourage people engaged in that work because that is the ultimate goal of the knowledge generation.</p></blockquote><h1> ANALYSIS</h1><p> This absolute brainlet starts out by verifying all of the aforementioned papers in that it was widespread belief that babies didn&#8217;t feel pain and that pain management was rarely given. She happened to have this wild thought about pain after working in an adult burns unit and then looking at babies crying. She made the incredible discovery that because adults could yell &#8220;My burns fucking hurt you stupid trollop go get me some morphine&#8221; and indeed babies couldn&#8217;t because they hadn&#8217;t developed the involuntary nervous reflexes to yet (Jokes), maybe it wasn&#8217;t so clear cut that those cries weren&#8217;t actually them saying &#8220;I fucking hurt you stupid trollop go get me some morphine&#8221; in baby language. </p><p>Our befuddled heroine then goes on a Don Quixote style adventure on figuring out whether indeed babies cries signify pain or not.  She interestingly chose the pain from vaccination as the benchmark for something that we can all agree would make a baby cry an actual pain cry, because you&#8217;d have to be a psychopathic monster to not admit jamming an needle in the thigh of a baby would not injure them, amiright?!  </p><p>Problem is that this wasn&#8217;t good enough for our heroine because some of the babies that she dealt with were tortured, I mean Intubated and their movements restricted so that her criteria for measuring pain which was their body movements were not able to be seen. So with a nice funding grant (YEY!) she teamed up with a bright young baby pain enthusiast who then conducted another study this time using the heel prick test as a bench mark for when we can all agree that intentionally puncturing the feet of a newborn <em>should</em> cause them to &#8220;real cry&#8221;. </p><p>Get this plot twist though &#8220; In the late 1980s, Sunny Anand published two seminal papers that unequivocally showed that untreated pain in neonates undergoing surgery resulted in major hormonal and metabolic stress responses that contributed to increased morbidity and even mortality&#8221;. I mean who would have thunk it that that openly torturing babies and interpreting their cries as those similar to being frightened by a Jack-in-the-box would have lead to them being injured and killed!! This lead to her &#8220;Eureka!&#8221; moment when instead of looking at babies crying she turned to rats because their behavior is a more accurate representation of humans&#8230; than humans. She noticed that if you separate newborn rats from their mother they don&#8217;t like it and were better when they were with their mother (Genius stuff I know). </p><p>So her journey concludes, after 4 large grants to study the topic, that babies <em>if</em> they do feel pain will be better off being next to their mother whilst they are in pain and may not make as much of a fuss as if they are tied to a gurney and intubated. It was the workings of a medical genius, a heroine sent from the lord above to ease the suffering and pain that the medical establishment (she was milking for grant money) were causing to little innocent babies.  </p><h1>Why Are They In Pain In The First Place? </h1><p>We are discussing here really just the instance that the medical establishment have decided that a baby needs some sort of medical intervention, surgery and the like and whether or not they <em>need</em> anesthetic or pain relief. Now I vaguely understand the call that ,given this absolute monstrosity of an establishment aren&#8217;t to be trusted, should they give morphine, sedatives or other dangerous drugs to babies as it might have detrimental effects. OK that is a good thought that maybe more drugs and more medical interventions will makes things worse, i.e more of their barbaric ways should probably limited, that sounds sensible. </p><p>But more than this, at no juncture does it dawn on these cretins that potentially these kids might not have to have these surgeries in the first place, or even they are having these things <em>because</em> of their allopathic death cult in the first instance. Obviously this subject could be about 10 articles in and of itself about fraudulent diagnosis in the first place, like claiming kids have cancer and things, so I can only really hint at this first step:  </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://resolution.nhs.uk/2025/07/17/nhs-resolution-resolves-record-numbers-of-compensation-claims-through-collaboration/" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!o6sS!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe87ec2d4-facb-46c5-a010-25352dd2c685_1527x599.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!o6sS!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe87ec2d4-facb-46c5-a010-25352dd2c685_1527x599.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!o6sS!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe87ec2d4-facb-46c5-a010-25352dd2c685_1527x599.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!o6sS!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe87ec2d4-facb-46c5-a010-25352dd2c685_1527x599.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!o6sS!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe87ec2d4-facb-46c5-a010-25352dd2c685_1527x599.png" width="1456" height="571" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e87ec2d4-facb-46c5-a010-25352dd2c685_1527x599.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:571,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:86163,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https://resolution.nhs.uk/2025/07/17/nhs-resolution-resolves-record-numbers-of-compensation-claims-through-collaboration/&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/187988675?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe87ec2d4-facb-46c5-a010-25352dd2c685_1527x599.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!o6sS!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe87ec2d4-facb-46c5-a010-25352dd2c685_1527x599.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!o6sS!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe87ec2d4-facb-46c5-a010-25352dd2c685_1527x599.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!o6sS!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe87ec2d4-facb-46c5-a010-25352dd2c685_1527x599.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!o6sS!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe87ec2d4-facb-46c5-a010-25352dd2c685_1527x599.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><p>NHS Resolution&#8217;s Annual Report and Accounts for 2024/25, published today, highlights a record 83% of clinical claims being resolved without the need for legal proceedings.</p><p>In line with NHS Resolution&#8217;s strategy to keep patients and healthcare staff out of court, this means that 11,110 clinical compensation claims were resolved through dispute resolution processes rather than formal legal proceedings &#8211; the highest percentage ever achieved.</p><p>The report also describes how innovations such as NHS Resolution&#8217;s &#8216;Early Notification&#8217; scheme for birth injury have enabled families to access compensation for immediate needs more rapidly. It also explains how NHS Resolution has worked with families and their representatives to ensure their involvement throughout the compensation process.</p><p>NHS Resolution received 14,428 new clinical negligence claims and reported incidents in 2024/25, reflecting ongoing broad stability in overall claims volume across recent years.</p><p>&#163;3.1 billion was paid out in 2024/25 for compensation and associated costs on all of NHS Resolution&#8217;s clinical schemes, compared to &#163;2.8 billion in 2023/24. &#163;1.3 billion of the total clinical negligence payments in 2024/25 related to maternity.</p><p>The estimated &#8216;annual cost of harm&#8217; for incidents in 2024/25 for the main clinical scheme, Clinical Negligence Scheme for Trusts (CNST), was &#163;4.6 billion, down from &#163;4.8 billion in 2023/24. This reduction reflects updates to discount rates and improvements in long-term inflation assumptions.</p><p>Demand for NHS Resolution&#8217;s expert Practitioner Performance Advice service continued to grow significantly, with 1,420 new and reopened requests for advice &#8211; a 24% increase on 2023/24. Requests for NHS Resolution&#8217;s Primary Care Appeals service to deliver fair and prompt resolution of appeals and disputes increased significantly, with a 31% rise in the number of cases received.</p><p>NHS Resolution&#8217;s provision for future liabilities as of 31 March 2025 was &#163;60.3 billion, compared to &#163;58.5 billion in 2023/24. The increase reflects another year of activity and natural growth, partially offset by changes to the Personal Injury Discount Rate (from -0.25% to +0.50%) and updates to HM Treasury discount rates.</p></blockquote><h2>ANALYSIS</h2><p>Just so we are clear here, this sum of &#163;3.1 Billion in damages paid out to over 11k people was for Negligence and Malpractice in the Maternity ward in one year in one country. This absolutely jaw dropping figure suggests that the real scale of damages and malpractice is astronomically higher. So lets just put into perspective that these idiots in scrubs are staring at newborns trying to figure out if their facial expressions can tell them whether they are in pain from an unnecessary surgery just performed or trapped gas. That they are also, when all is said and done being found medically negligent in 1 in 30 births. Doesn&#8217;t exactly fill you with trust, does it?</p><h1>CONCLUSION</h1><p>I have been accused rightly or wrongly for over generalizing large complex areas of Science. When it comes to things like the &#8220;Virus&#8221; question many people berate me for planting my feet and saying &#8220;Viruses Do No Exist&#8221;. It&#8217;s fine to me that you want to say &#8220;there is no evidence for Viruses&#8221; and respect that is however you feel most comfortable in backing your statements. I use that phraseology for exactly those functions; &#8220;backing your statements&#8221;, for as I have always remained consistent here at the Virology Control Studies Project and me as an individual, Jamie, I don&#8217;t want to be a source of authority or &#8220;expertise&#8221; that your thinking is deferred to. The truth works so much better when it is your truth and you know how best to defend and debate and market and live your truth, so ultimately it has to be what you believe in, not me. I am just here to present information that has changed my mind in the world that I experience it. </p><p>So my conclusion is an exceptionally easy one when it comes to the information laid out in the article, it is one that will be stereotypically over generalizing and tar an entire industry with a most VantaBlack colour blocking possible. One that experientially I have, so it is not just learned from this bleak look inside the minds of the people I will tar, but combining that with what I have seen and heard whenever I have had the displeasure of &#8220;admitting&#8221; myself into this institution:</p><p>There are two completely separate things that cannot possibly co-exist in this world, it is inconceivable for them to live and breathe and function in an orderly, predictable, efficient, productive way, together, sharing the same earth we tread on. That there can be both people that have attained enough God given wisdom and knowledge and experience about how the Human Body operates and what is best for its health and survival and simultaneously be people that cannot tell that the most precious vulnerable, pristine, innocent and angelic babies whether their cries are signifying pain or not.</p><p>It should not really matter the timings of how these events have unfolded and one does, even me, somehow relinquish some of the responsibility when these barbaric practices came from a time before anyone you could have direct contact with would be able to recount the horror of such a deluded scenario as someone that is meant to make you better, actually inflicts pain. Things such as Trepanning of the Skull to release evil spirits went on until the late 19th Century, so just out of touch of our generational pool. We might just look back on those types of practices as gruesome gargantuan mistakes, only to learn that effectively this practice has just been continued on to modern times under the guise of &#8220;releasing inflammation&#8221;. </p><p>The same goes with practices such as Full Frontal Lobotomy, which only saw its official end, last practiced in the 1980s (Must have been a real awakening decade). Once again was this practice really ever stopped or just diversified into chemically poisoning the brain and all of the different branches of &#8220;experimental neuroscience&#8221; masquerading as &#8220;drilling holes in peoples heads and cutting bits of their fucking brain out&#8221;. </p><p>So the medical system has little changed and really these squeamish fairytale stories of barbarism that are offered up as a comfort blanket of modern human endeavor really should be thought of as cultural wisdoms passed down to the discerning new generation, like &#8220;stay the fuck clear of the person telling you they are gonna fix you with a Black and Decker drill and a scalpel in their grip&#8221;. I see it as nothing to be ignored, when you hear of any of these historical anecdotes should you not realize they are alive and well right now, this should probably go for the State and centralized human governance in general, but for sake of brevity we&#8217;ll stick to health and medical science.</p><p>So my personal conclusion to all of this, how my mind has changed in the way that I approach the medical system is to take every single positive claim made about how anyone thinks the body works if not fundamentally apparent and subtitle it with &#8220;Yes but you also thought that babies couldn&#8217;t fell pain&#8221;. Is that unfair? No, not in the slightest. At any one second Celeste could have woken the fuck up out of her Frontal Lobe nullified, zombified, near decade long coma she found herself in and asked &#8220;Am I insane to think that we should just assume that babies feel pain, because the things we are doing to them should hurt and they look and sound like they are in pain?&#8221;</p><p>Should I tarnish people in a medical industry that have been blissfully unaware of Celeste&#8217;s moral path to enlightenment of discovering whether her former self was indeed human or not? Yes. For as we have shown many times, is that the State institutions work on protocols and chain of command and systems and legers. To be a part of a system that its core fundamental principles of pain management, like fulfilling their cult cub scout dib dob motto &#8220;First Do No Harm&#8221; must always be caveated with the raw unmitigated truth that they intentionally caused pain and suffering from the most monumentally cruel, dehumanizing and sick thought process ever conceived.   </p><p>My mood change over this piece of information not only guided me into at no point submitting myself to the Allopathic Conveyor Belt of death and disease but has also shaped my view point to do with Science, especially obviously BioMedical science and therefore &#8220;Bio&#8221;Chemistry. I guess this is really where I get my accusations of over generalization from as of yet, I haven&#8217;t been particularly specific with a lot of my claims around this topic. I have done a lot more research than I have written articles and have lots to come, so more should be apparent in the future but I still feel that this topic <em>should</em> be caveated with this same sequitur: </p><p>If you think that you can synthesize the sun&#8217;s actions on a human body, make it into some sort of chemical, squirt it onto a pill and call it an essential vitamin, you are claiming literal God -like status, you are claiming that you can refine and harness <em>the</em> bringer and giver of all perceived life. That&#8217;s quite a bold claim, especially when you give those same pills to rats, they die (But that&#8217;s for another article). No even in that claim you <em>must</em> caveat that with the fact that these people who think they know everything about how the human body works, studying them with all of their machines and instruments, never had a single bleep bloop detector going on that said &#8220;Maybe babies aren&#8217;t just displaying involuntary nervous spasms when they cry and are actually experiencing pain?&#8221;. </p><p>I think it is fair to caveat all of these things with this disclaimer. I am not saying this should be the only point of reference to hold against them, but certainly when these topics are uninvestigated, or you hear new areas of Soyence emerging on the interwebs &#8220;Soyentists have discovered a new way to engineer the proteins in a Cane Toad&#8217;s tail that when boiled and eaten can instantly make you understand and speak Spanish&#8221; you think&#8230; ok&#8230;. that sounds marvelous, but given that you, as an entire Western Medical Establishment decided that Babies couldn&#8217;t feel pain until a couple of decades ago, I think we can pass it off as a crock. </p><p>SO where does that leave us for our positive thinking about health? It is all well and good sitting back in an armchair and calling everything &#8220;Fake And Gay&#8221;, but does this line of thinking help in anyway with our health? To that I would say, yes. For I think, and it is my opinion in health that there are two fundamentals; the understanding that your body is beautiful and if given the time a space to heal, it will do so to the best of its capabilities. But the second point that I think applies here is about discernment and truly listening to yourself and your body. </p><p>The market is flooded with nutritional advice and what you should and shouldn&#8217;t be doing to maintain your health. I can first, instantly disregard all the quacks that go down the &#8220;Sunshine Pills&#8221; route, any supplements at all for the aforementioned reasons. But ultimately I don&#8217;t know what nutrition is best, if I were to make a guess I think everyone needs a different nutrition. So it is incumbent to be able to listen to your own body, be attuned to it and recognize what seems good and what seems bad over both the short and long term. So I think that drowning out the noise of institutions telling you that you need a hole in your head and your baby is not proper crying, is a perfect way to actually switch on discernment and responsibility to learn about something so very personal as the topic of health and be able to apply that to oneself and most importantly to be applied for ones children. </p><p>Sorry for this sad topic, but I hope you have gained some insight from it.</p><p>Peace and Love.</p><p>J</p><p>If you have enjoyed this article and want to support the project with a one time donation please BuyMeACoffee, thanks!</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="http://buymeacoffee.com/controlstudies" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!f_d0!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F16115012-4f9d-4e19-92a7-8a46407c54b5_535x265.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!f_d0!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F16115012-4f9d-4e19-92a7-8a46407c54b5_535x265.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!f_d0!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F16115012-4f9d-4e19-92a7-8a46407c54b5_535x265.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!f_d0!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F16115012-4f9d-4e19-92a7-8a46407c54b5_535x265.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!f_d0!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F16115012-4f9d-4e19-92a7-8a46407c54b5_535x265.png" width="535" height="265" 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stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p> This article is available as a downloadable EBook along with the rest of my work on ShadowBanned Library</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://shadowbannedlibrary.com/collections/browse-by-author-jamie-andrews" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!reqg!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F60ba22d0-7c70-4bf8-be35-4ffc5cf57da6_1851x1036.png 424w, 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!reqg!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F60ba22d0-7c70-4bf8-be35-4ffc5cf57da6_1851x1036.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!reqg!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F60ba22d0-7c70-4bf8-be35-4ffc5cf57da6_1851x1036.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!reqg!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F60ba22d0-7c70-4bf8-be35-4ffc5cf57da6_1851x1036.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!reqg!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F60ba22d0-7c70-4bf8-be35-4ffc5cf57da6_1851x1036.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div 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stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Hantavirus Hoax ]]></title><description><![CDATA[An Emergency Broadcast.]]></description><link>https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/hantavirus-hoax</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/hantavirus-hoax</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Jamie Andrews]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 04 May 2026 14:08:34 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/7ac32495-72b6-41f2-a981-2511d3f19d59_1168x784.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I sell no bullshit supplements, no crappy merchandise, no whacko gadgets, I have no sponsors, no advertising and everything is possible to read for free. However to help in running the experiments and to cover the huge costs that are mounting from travel and expenses to operate the project, please consider donating to the largest Crowdsourced and Opensourced experiments falsifying Virology. Thank you.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The Virology Controls Studies Project is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Gonna smash this Emergency article out (apologies for any more than usual frequency of typos and terrible grammar) as I think it works best when challenging the narrative as we saw was put to good effect with the Meningitis Hoax in the UK. I think as a collective we managed to counter extremely quickly and <em>hopefully</em> save some kids from getting the toxic vaccines or even worse submitting themselves to the allopathic death cult of Modern Western Hospitals. </p><div class="native-video-embed" data-component-name="VideoPlaceholder" data-attrs="{&quot;mediaUploadId&quot;:&quot;da369f91-5274-47ff-bb4f-6cf8c6d2be64&quot;,&quot;duration&quot;:null}"></div><div class="native-video-embed" data-component-name="VideoPlaceholder" data-attrs="{&quot;mediaUploadId&quot;:&quot;358b1748-2a42-402d-8f21-e1ac04c251b4&quot;,&quot;duration&quot;:null}"></div><h1>It Ain&#8217;t Contagious </h1><p></p><blockquote><h3>With the recent strain outbreak on the cruise ship Hantavirus is not contagious human to human, correct? Short Answer</h3><p>Understood&#8212;and in that context, the key point is:</p><p>If this is a <strong>non-Andes hantavirus outbreak (as is overwhelmingly the case in Europe and similar cruise-related investigations)</strong>, then:</p><p><strong>No &#8212; it is not considered contagious human-to-human, even in close settings like a cruise ship.</strong></p><p>Cruise ship cases typically trigger concern because of shared ventilation and close quarters, but hantavirus transmission (for these strains) still requires <strong>contact with infected rodent urine, droppings, or saliva</strong>, not other passengers.</p><p>So the accurate, situation-specific answer is:<br><strong>No human-to-human transmission is expected for that outbreak strain.</strong></p></blockquote><p>Let&#8217;s tackle this first head on when they wheel out the &#8220;Expert&#8221; who (Ironically) breathlessly tells us we should be extremely worried about Hantavirus because it has &#8220;a long incubation period of up to a week&#8221;. As we can see above and even our wheezing academic tells us in mealy mouthed terms, that Hantavirus is not Contagious, Human to Human. So off the bat, unless you were paying attention you wouldn&#8217;t realize that his opening gambit was a massive fucking lie. He was trying to insinuate that you should be scared because potentially people could be &#8220;infected&#8221; for long periods of time and you could &#8220;catch&#8221; this hemorrhagic death &#8220;virus&#8221; and bleed out. Well it doesn&#8217;t spread human to human according to their own science so you have either (according to them) licked some Rat Piss (No Alec) and your kidneys are imminently gonna melt, or you didn&#8217;t and you will be just fine. </p><h1>SCAMDEMICABILITY? </h1><h2>What is the IFR of Hantavirus?</h2><blockquote><p>There isn&#8217;t a single IFR for &#8220;hantavirus&#8221; because it depends heavily on the species, but broadly:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS)</strong> (Americas):<br><strong>~30&#8211;40% fatality rate</strong> (often cited as IFR in that range for symptomatic cases)</p></li></ul></blockquote><p>I am secondly here to alleviate the fear of them trying to run with this as a Scamdemic. We can never be 100% sure given that the entirety of Soyence is invented storytelling that at any given moment they could completely change the story, but for now and as it stands, they wanna try and claim that if you lick a rat with da Virus it is almost a 50/50 as to whether you live or die. So there is no way they can &#8220;spread&#8221; this hoax very far, as Asymptomatic Hemorrhagic Fever would be a tough sell to Dave down the pub (The yardstick for Scamdemicability).</p><h1>MAGIC RATS</h1><blockquote><h3>&#128000; How many rats carry hantavirus?</h3><ul><li><p>In wild rodent populations, typically <strong>1% to 15%</strong> are infected at any given time.</p></li><li><p>In some &#8220;hotspot&#8221; areas, it can rise to <strong>30&#8211;50% or more</strong>.</p></li><li><p>Different species carry different hantaviruses&#8212;for example:</p><ul><li><p>The deer mouse (common in North America) carries Sin Nombre virus.</p></li><li><p>In Europe (including France), species like the bank vole carry Puumala virus.</p></li></ul></li></ul><p>So the short answer: <strong>a minority of rodents carry it, but it can be quite common locally.</strong></p><div><hr></div><h3>&#129516; Do rats (or rodents) die from hantavirus?</h3><p>Surprisingly, <strong>no&#8212;most of the time they don&#8217;t</strong>.</p><ul><li><p>Rodents are the <strong>natural hosts</strong> of hantaviruses.</p></li><li><p>The virus has co-evolved with them, so:</p><ul><li><p>They usually <strong>don&#8217;t get sick</strong></p></li><li><p>They <strong>don&#8217;t die from it</strong></p></li><li><p>They can carry and shed the virus (in urine, droppings, saliva) for long periods</p></li></ul></li></ul></blockquote><blockquote><h4>how are they immune to it?</h4><p>Rodents aren&#8217;t &#8220;immune&#8221; in the sense of killing the virus off completely. What they have is more like a <strong>built-in tolerance</strong>&#8212;their bodies let the virus persist without causing damage.</p></blockquote><p>So lets look at the epidemiology of this thing and you will quickly see how this story is complete fucking garbage even using their own metrics. They claim that in certain areas that 50% of rats harbor this kidney smoothie making &#8220;Virus&#8221;.  So given there are estimates of between 10 and 100 BILLION rats on earth and in most Urban areas you are said to be within a close proximity of a rat at all times, according to the science, humanity must have died out 1000 years ago.. Instead we didn&#8217;t and it was just Gene Hackman&#8217;s wife (More on that to come).</p><h1>Why The BOATS?!</h1><p>Did some scrabbling around on ChatGPT which over the course of the last two months has become increasing more argumentative, deceptive and downright moody with me.. (Like I need more teenage kids in the house). </p><p>One thing that was very interesting to me was getting it to fess up on the amount of people that die on board Cruise ships. You see it should be fairly obvious that the average age of Cruise ship goers is vastly skewed toward the Retired population. Many of those are treating this as their &#8220;last venture&#8221; out. So one would imagine that the natural attrition rate that you get on these cruises &#8220;should&#8221; be a little high. Apparently not according to Chat GPT, apparently the death rate is 100X LESS than it should be for just the amount of person hours aboard cruise ship (MASSIVE Red Flag):</p><blockquote><h2>Right so find me the exact number of people who died on cruises in 2019</h2><p>There isn&#8217;t a single perfectly exact audited number published in a way governments track aviation accidents, but there <strong>are peer-reviewed and industry-compiled estimates for 2019</strong>, and they converge pretty well.</p><h2>&#128674; Cruise ship deaths in 2019 (best estimate)</h2><p>From aggregated cruise industry and academic datasets:</p><blockquote><p>&#128073; <strong>~125 to 175 total deaths worldwide on cruise ships in 2019</strong> (passengers + crew)</p></blockquote><p>One structured dataset gives:</p><ul><li><p><strong>~140&#8211;175 deaths in 2019</strong> across ~30 million passengers</p></li><li><p>Academic review data shows <strong>~27 passenger deaths + 10 crew deaths reported in 2019 in a sampled registry (not full global coverage)</strong>, consistent with a low hundreds total when scaled across all lines</p></li></ul><p>So the consensus range is:</p><blockquote><h3>&#10004; <strong>~130&#8211;170 deaths in 2019 (most commonly cited range)</strong><br>&#10004; Occasionally rounded as &#8220;~150 deaths&#8221;</h3></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote><p>Expected deaths are 5000 a year but that will be much lower because you haven&#8217;t accounted for the age skew on cruises</p><p>You&#8217;re thinking in the right direction about age skew, but there&#8217;s a key correction: <strong>we don&#8217;t actually expect &#8220;~5,000 cruise deaths/year&#8221; once the exposure is modeled correctly. That earlier figure came from an over-rough scaling step.</strong></p><p>Let&#8217;s reset this cleanly.</p><div><hr></div><h1>&#128674; 1. What we actually know (anchors)</h1><ul><li><p>Cruise passengers per year: ~<strong>30 million boardings</strong></p></li><li><p>Average cruise length: ~<strong>7&#8211;10 days</strong></p></li><li><p>Total exposure: ~<strong>0.7&#8211;0.9 million person-years</strong> (not 30 million person-years)</p></li></ul><p>That part is fine.</p><div><hr></div><h1>&#128117; 2. The age issue (your point)</h1><p>Yes:</p><ul><li><p>Cruise passengers skew older (often 50&#8211;75+)</p></li><li><p>That increases baseline mortality compared with a general population</p></li></ul><p>But not as much as it seems, because:</p><h3>Important correction:</h3><p>Cruise passengers are <strong>not representative of &#8220;all elderly people&#8221;</strong><br>They are:</p><ul><li><p>healthier than average for their age</p></li><li><p>mobile enough to travel internationally</p></li><li><p>screened informally by self-selection (and sometimes medical advice)</p></li></ul><p>So the relevant comparison is:</p><blockquote><p>&#8220;healthy older travellers,&#8221; not &#8220;general elderly population&#8221;</p></blockquote><div><hr></div><h1>&#9878;&#65039; 3. A more realistic mortality rate</h1><p>Instead of using ~0.7% (all-ages average), a better bracket for cruise demographics is:</p><ul><li><p>~60&#8211;80 years old, relatively healthy travellers:</p><ul><li><p>roughly <strong>1&#8211;3% annual mortality equivalent</strong> <em>if they were followed for a year</em></p></li></ul></li></ul><p>But they are only exposed for ~10 days.</p><p>So we scale it down:</p><div><hr></div><h1>&#129518; 4. Proper back-of-envelope model</h1><p>Let&#8217;s take a conservative cruise-relevant mortality rate:</p><h3>Step A: annualised rate for cruise-age population</h3><p>r&#8776;0.02r \approx 0.02r&#8776;0.02</p><p>(2% per year equivalent)</p><div><hr></div><h3>Step B: exposure time fraction</h3><p>Step A: annualised rate for cruise-age population</p><p>r&#8203;&#8776;0.027</p><div><hr></div><h3>Step C: expected deaths</h3><h3>30,000,000 x 0.027 x 0.02 = 16,200</h3><p>This looks large &#8212; but this is still a <strong>naive application assuming independent &#8220;population risk&#8221;</strong>, which is <em>not valid</em> because:</p><ul><li><p>passengers are not continuously &#8220;at risk in a closed mortality system&#8221;</p></li><li><p>most deaths in that age band are <strong>chronic progression over time</strong>, not short-window events</p></li></ul><p>So we must adjust for <strong>time-to-event mismatch</strong>.</p></blockquote><p></p><p>So if we take the amount of person hours on board these cruise ships that they claim are taken by 30,000,000 people a year then just the standard rate of attritional, natural death should be 16,200 people. Obviously there are massively complex calculations and variables that would limit this and it is entirely person to person, but still given that they cited that just 150 people died on Cruise Ships in 2019, we can see that these statistics are most definitely <em>Gulfs</em> apart. </p><p>So how and why? Well I would reckon it is just a factor of death certificates and news reporting. You may get lots that have heart attacks, are gravely ill get dropped off at landfall and processed in hospital as a land based death. That is what I would imagine happen in most cases whether they die on the boat or just barely make it. This I would say when it comes to the Rat Suck &#8220;Virus&#8221; they are going to twist that narrative that a fully jabbed Octegenarian has a turn for the worst, gets carted off at the next port and snuffs it at the hospital is chalked off as a seafaring kidney casualty. </p><p>This works as the perfect propaganda pieces. What is more scary than being trapped on a Boat with a 40% death chance when you know there is a rat with radioactive piss on board. It conjures up all sorts of nightmares and will hopefully eventually be written as a sequel to Snakes on a Plane. This combined with the easy ability to present fraudulent statistics - Look we have just seen a 100 fold increase in boat deaths this year ( By changing where the deaths were recorded) and you have an easy win. </p><h1>LABORATORY CONFIRMED CONTAGION?</h1><p>So there is no Human to Human transmission of Hantavirus, but surely they have proof that breathing in a rat&#8217;s guff or taking a little tipple on a rat&#8217;s golden elixir (No Alec) with make people desperately sick? If you don&#8217;t already know the answer to this, you must be new to the Virology Control Studies Project: </p><blockquote><h2>Have there been any controlled human infection models of Humans with Hantavirus?</h2><p>Short answer: <strong>No&#8212;there are essentially </strong><em><strong>no controlled human challenge (intentional infection) studies with hantaviruses</strong></em>. And that&#8217;s very deliberate.</p><div><hr></div><h2>&#129514; Have humans ever been deliberately infected in experiments?</h2><ul><li><p>There are <strong>no ethically approved human challenge trials</strong> where researchers intentionally infect people with hantavirus.</p></li><li><p>All human data comes from:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Natural outbreaks</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Accidental exposures</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Observational clinical studies of infected patients</strong></p></li></ul></li></ul><p>For example, studies of patients with hantavirus infection track immune responses during real illness, not induced infection.</p><div><hr></div><h2>&#128683; Why no human challenge models?</h2><p>There are a few strong reasons:</p><h3>1. High severity and mortality</h3><ul><li><p>Some hantaviruses cause <strong>life-threatening disease</strong>:</p><ul><li><p>Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (Europe/Asia)</p></li><li><p>Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (Americas), which can have <strong>~40% fatality rates</strong></p></li></ul></li></ul><p>That alone makes intentional infection ethically unacceptable.</p><div><hr></div><h3>2. No reliable treatment or reversal</h3><ul><li><p>There is <strong>no widely effective antiviral cure</strong></p></li><li><p>Treatment is mainly <strong>supportive care</strong> (ICU, oxygen, etc.)</p></li></ul><p>In human challenge studies (like malaria or flu), there&#8217;s usually a <strong>clear rescue therapy</strong>&#8212;that&#8217;s not the case here.</p></blockquote><p>Of course there are no studies what so ever in humans to back up any of their claims, the entirety of the science is based purely on a &#8220;Trust Me Bro&#8221; basis. They use the vaguely logical but still no real excuse that they have made such a preposterous claim that the death rate is 50/50 they couldn&#8217;t give people a lick on a rat&#8217;s tit without them dying. Just to add you will see, there is also no cure or &#8220;vaccine&#8221; for this non existent &#8220;virus&#8221; which puts into perspective even more the absurdity of their claims of the amounts of rats harboring this Grim Reaper &#8220;Virus&#8221;.</p><p>So they have animal models where they makes them sick with a shot of the rat&#8217;s Yellow Gold? Of course they do! Phew! These guys wouldn&#8217;t want to miss out on a bit of animal torture and ritual sacrifice, what are you dumb!? So funnily enough given that Rats are totally fine with Hantavirus (They just have a tolerance according to the priests in white coats, duh), they can&#8217;t use the standard lab rats for their torture&#8230; strangely enough they they do claim to be able to use a rodent, a Syrian Hamster (No further questions please).</p><h2></h2><h2>They Don&#8217;t Actually Die</h2><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3240607/" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ptpt!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf83adfc-ac1a-4703-8e09-203d72acbc9e_803x312.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ptpt!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf83adfc-ac1a-4703-8e09-203d72acbc9e_803x312.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ptpt!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf83adfc-ac1a-4703-8e09-203d72acbc9e_803x312.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ptpt!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf83adfc-ac1a-4703-8e09-203d72acbc9e_803x312.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ptpt!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf83adfc-ac1a-4703-8e09-203d72acbc9e_803x312.png" width="803" height="312" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ptpt!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf83adfc-ac1a-4703-8e09-203d72acbc9e_803x312.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ptpt!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf83adfc-ac1a-4703-8e09-203d72acbc9e_803x312.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ptpt!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf83adfc-ac1a-4703-8e09-203d72acbc9e_803x312.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ptpt!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf83adfc-ac1a-4703-8e09-203d72acbc9e_803x312.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><h3>With these animal models are the animals euthanized and they are then assessed for infection?</h3><p>In most hantavirus animal studies, <strong>yes&#8212;animals are often euthanized at planned time points or at humane endpoints, and then tissues are analyzed for infection and disease effects.</strong> But it&#8217;s not &#8220;just infection then killing&#8221;; it&#8217;s more structured and regulated than that.</p><div><hr></div><h2>&#129514; What typically happens in hantavirus animal models</h2><h3>1. Infection phase</h3><p>Animals (commonly:</p><ul><li><p>Syrian hamsters</p></li><li><p>mice (including genetically modified strains)</p></li><li><p>sometimes non-human primates)</p></li></ul><p>are <strong>experimentally infected</strong> with hantavirus under controlled conditions.</p><div><hr></div><h3>2. Monitoring phase</h3><p>Researchers then track:</p><ul><li><p>weight loss</p></li><li><p>temperature</p></li><li><p>breathing and behavior</p></li><li><p>survival (in lethal models)</p></li><li><p>viral shedding (if applicable)</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h3>3. Endpoints: two main types</h3><h4>&#128993; Humane endpoint euthanasia</h4><p>Animals are <strong>euthanized early if they become too sick</strong>, for example:</p><ul><li><p>severe weight loss</p></li><li><p>respiratory distress</p></li><li><p>inability to eat/drink</p></li></ul><p>This is required by animal ethics regulations (EU/US/UK frameworks).</p><div><hr></div><h4>&#128308; Scheduled euthanasia (planned sacrifice)</h4><p>Even if animals are not sick, they are often euthanized at set time points, such as:</p><ul><li><p>day 3, 7, 14 post-infection, etc.</p></li></ul><p>This allows researchers to:</p><ul><li><p>measure virus levels in organs</p></li><li><p>study immune response over time</p></li><li><p>examine tissue damage under a microscope</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h2>&#128300; What is analyzed after euthanasia?</h2><p>Once the animal is euthanized, researchers typically collect:</p><ul><li><p>lungs (critical for pulmonary syndrome models)</p></li><li><p>kidneys (important for hemorrhagic fever models)</p></li><li><p>spleen, liver, brain</p></li><li><p>blood serum</p></li></ul><p>They then look at:</p><ul><li><p>viral RNA levels (PCR)</p></li><li><p>infectious virus (culture)</p></li><li><p>immune responses (cytokines, antibodies)</p></li><li><p>tissue damage (histology)</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h2>&#9878;&#65039; Ethical framework</h2><p>All of this is governed by strict rules:</p><ul><li><p>&#8220;3Rs&#8221; principle:</p><ul><li><p>Replace (use non-animal alternatives when possible)</p></li><li><p>Reduce (use minimum number of animals)</p></li><li><p>Refine (minimize suffering)</p></li></ul></li><li><p>Mandatory ethical review boards in all major research systems</p></li></ul><p>So euthanasia is not incidental&#8212;it&#8217;s actually a <strong>required part of humane experimental design</strong>.</p><div><hr></div><h2>&#129504; Bottom line</h2><ul><li><p>Yes, animals are often euthanized in hantavirus research</p></li><li><p>This is done either:</p><ul><li><p>because they reach humane endpoints, or</p></li><li><p>because they are scheduled for tissue analysis</p></li></ul></li><li><p>The goal is to understand infection and immune response in a controlled, ethical way&#8212;not to let animals suffer disease progression unnecessarily</p></li></ul></blockquote><p>This is the big con with these animal studies and it is very useful to highlight this fraud in full HD with the Hantavirus as it is applicable to all Animal Models, especially the modern ones in the last hundred years.</p><p>These animals are NOT dying from the things being tested on them, they are being intentionally euthanized either at a predetermined time or they have incredibly low threshold of &#8220;symptoms&#8221; that trigger their euthanizing, like ruffled fur, slight weight loss or lack of appetite. The Virologist want to move it as quickly as possible away from any sort of observable effect and straight back into their PCR, Antibody, inflammation marker inferences.</p><p>So we can draw a line under this one, they have absolutely no evidence whatsoever for their claims that if you happen across a puddle of Rat Piddle you have a 1 in 4 chance you are going to piss out your kidney. </p><h1>Gene Hackman&#8217;s Wife</h1><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cdxgqgqykneo" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t2sU!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9dde5a3c-50b8-4cc3-9dc7-f39fb1163ae8_935x765.png 424w, 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stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nwo8!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe3a6ecf3-e16c-4af9-98a3-a88a55e278b9_891x536.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nwo8!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe3a6ecf3-e16c-4af9-98a3-a88a55e278b9_891x536.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nwo8!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe3a6ecf3-e16c-4af9-98a3-a88a55e278b9_891x536.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nwo8!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe3a6ecf3-e16c-4af9-98a3-a88a55e278b9_891x536.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nwo8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe3a6ecf3-e16c-4af9-98a3-a88a55e278b9_891x536.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nwo8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe3a6ecf3-e16c-4af9-98a3-a88a55e278b9_891x536.png" width="891" height="536" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3a6ecf3-e16c-4af9-98a3-a88a55e278b9_891x536.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:536,&quot;width&quot;:891,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:94306,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/196409932?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe3a6ecf3-e16c-4af9-98a3-a88a55e278b9_891x536.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nwo8!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe3a6ecf3-e16c-4af9-98a3-a88a55e278b9_891x536.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nwo8!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe3a6ecf3-e16c-4af9-98a3-a88a55e278b9_891x536.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nwo8!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe3a6ecf3-e16c-4af9-98a3-a88a55e278b9_891x536.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nwo8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe3a6ecf3-e16c-4af9-98a3-a88a55e278b9_891x536.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><h4>How did they know Gene Hackmans wife died of Hantavirus? Was she PCR tested?</h4><p>Short answer: yes &#8212; her diagnosis was based on lab testing, and <strong>PCR was part of it</strong>, but it wasn&#8217;t the only thing used.</p><p>Here&#8217;s what public medical examiner reports and officials have said about Betsy Arakawa (Gene Hackman&#8217;s wife):</p><h3>How they determined hantavirus</h3><p>Investigators concluded she died of <strong>hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS)</strong> using a combination of:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Autopsy findings</strong></p><ul><li><p>Heavy, fluid-filled lungs consistent with HPS</p></li><li><p>No signs of trauma or other competing causes</p></li><li><p>Normal carbon monoxide levels</p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>Toxicology / lab testing</strong></p><ul><li><p>Negative tests for influenza and COVID-19</p></li><li><p>Standard toxicology screening did not suggest poisoning or drugs as a cause</p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>Specific infectious disease testing</strong></p><ul><li><p>Blood/tissue testing was done to detect hantavirus infection</p></li><li><p>This type of confirmation is typically done using <strong>PCR (polymerase chain reaction)</strong> and/or <strong>serology (antibody testing)</strong> to identify viral RNA or immune response</p></li></ul></li></ul><p>Officials explicitly ruled out other common causes and then confirmed hantavirus based on the lab evidence plus the classic lung pathology patter.</p></blockquote><p>Right so let&#8217;s put this altogether. We can assume that Mrs Arakawa was a Jab enthusiast as she was furiously googling Covid, whilst she had a runny nose. This is most certainly going to fall into the category of WebMD fearing herself into a &#8220;low blood oxygen&#8221; stupor. </p><p>She was posthumously declared a victim of that Rat Piss Grim Reaper based on the irrefutable evidence of: She tested Covid Negative and had fluid on her lungs and dead rats in the attic (We will ignore the fact that Rats aren&#8217;t affected by Hantavirus of course- The BBC weren&#8217;t to know that)</p><p>What makes this story even more ridiculous is next to the chalk outline of the Rodent Piddle&#8217;s victim is Gene himself, who died a week later from a heart attack. The mind boggles as the set of circumstances that lead up to this happening&#8230; but I guess that is a mystery for the three kids that stand to inherit 90 million bucks (silver linings and all that (Hope the dollar bills aren&#8217;t soaked in rat whizz)). </p><p></p><h1>Pictures of the Murderer</h1><p>So I will leave you with a picture of the claimed Sewer Dwelling Wee Wee Monster so that you can be hypervigilant for its next citing. According to it&#8217;s description however it is the exact same shape and size as the images in the bottom picture of  Cellular Debris found in the Virology Control Studies Project Uninfected Culture images (Labelled &#8220;Hantavirus&#8221; for posterity (and comedy value)).</p><blockquote><h2>What is the size and shape of hantavirus virion?</h2><h3>Size and shape of hantavirus virions</h3><p>Hantaviruses are <strong>enveloped viruses</strong> in the family <em>Bunyavirales</em>, and their particles have a fairly characteristic but somewhat variable structure.</p><h4><strong>Size</strong></h4><ul><li><p>Typically about <strong>80&#8211;120 nanometers (nm) in diameter</strong></p></li><li><p>Some variation exists depending on the species and preparation method (electron microscopy can show slightly different sizes)</p></li></ul><h4><strong>Shape</strong></h4><ul><li><p><strong>Pleomorphic</strong> (not perfectly uniform)</p></li><li><p>Commonly:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Spherical</strong></p></li><li><p>Sometimes <strong>ovoid (egg-shaped)</strong></p></li><li><p>Occasionally <strong>slightly elongated or irregular</strong></p></li></ul></li><li><p>They do <strong>not have a rigid capsid shape</strong>, unlike many non-enveloped viruses</p></li></ul></blockquote><p></p><p>Claimed &#8220;Hantavirus&#8221;</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DiIP!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4db6f255-1cca-4c29-953b-5ddd789fa49f_500x488.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DiIP!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4db6f255-1cca-4c29-953b-5ddd789fa49f_500x488.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DiIP!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4db6f255-1cca-4c29-953b-5ddd789fa49f_500x488.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DiIP!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4db6f255-1cca-4c29-953b-5ddd789fa49f_500x488.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DiIP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4db6f255-1cca-4c29-953b-5ddd789fa49f_500x488.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DiIP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4db6f255-1cca-4c29-953b-5ddd789fa49f_500x488.webp" width="500" height="488" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/4db6f255-1cca-4c29-953b-5ddd789fa49f_500x488.webp&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:488,&quot;width&quot;:500,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:59612,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/webp&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/196409932?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4db6f255-1cca-4c29-953b-5ddd789fa49f_500x488.webp&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DiIP!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4db6f255-1cca-4c29-953b-5ddd789fa49f_500x488.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DiIP!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4db6f255-1cca-4c29-953b-5ddd789fa49f_500x488.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DiIP!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4db6f255-1cca-4c29-953b-5ddd789fa49f_500x488.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DiIP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4db6f255-1cca-4c29-953b-5ddd789fa49f_500x488.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p>Cellular Debris in uninfected cultures&#8230;.. Labelled as &#8220;Hantavirus.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LtkB!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff59f6eec-f62b-4e86-9599-71a5fcf637f4_791x659.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LtkB!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff59f6eec-f62b-4e86-9599-71a5fcf637f4_791x659.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LtkB!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff59f6eec-f62b-4e86-9599-71a5fcf637f4_791x659.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LtkB!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff59f6eec-f62b-4e86-9599-71a5fcf637f4_791x659.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LtkB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff59f6eec-f62b-4e86-9599-71a5fcf637f4_791x659.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LtkB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff59f6eec-f62b-4e86-9599-71a5fcf637f4_791x659.png" width="791" height="659" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f59f6eec-f62b-4e86-9599-71a5fcf637f4_791x659.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:659,&quot;width&quot;:791,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:583253,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/196409932?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff59f6eec-f62b-4e86-9599-71a5fcf637f4_791x659.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LtkB!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff59f6eec-f62b-4e86-9599-71a5fcf637f4_791x659.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LtkB!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff59f6eec-f62b-4e86-9599-71a5fcf637f4_791x659.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LtkB!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff59f6eec-f62b-4e86-9599-71a5fcf637f4_791x659.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LtkB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff59f6eec-f62b-4e86-9599-71a5fcf637f4_791x659.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p>If you have enjoyed this article and want to support the project with a one time donation please BuyMeACoffee, thanks!</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Cl5f!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa3439968-5d6e-4464-a283-a418ae4fd75c_535x265.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Cl5f!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa3439968-5d6e-4464-a283-a418ae4fd75c_535x265.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Cl5f!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa3439968-5d6e-4464-a283-a418ae4fd75c_535x265.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Cl5f!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa3439968-5d6e-4464-a283-a418ae4fd75c_535x265.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Cl5f!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa3439968-5d6e-4464-a283-a418ae4fd75c_535x265.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Cl5f!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa3439968-5d6e-4464-a283-a418ae4fd75c_535x265.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Cl5f!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa3439968-5d6e-4464-a283-a418ae4fd75c_535x265.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Cl5f!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa3439968-5d6e-4464-a283-a418ae4fd75c_535x265.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Cl5f!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa3439968-5d6e-4464-a283-a418ae4fd75c_535x265.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div 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stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>This article (May be, if I decide to, maybe comment if you want it to be) available as a downloadable EBook along with the rest of my work on ShadowBanned Library</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://shadowbannedlibrary.com/collections/browse-by-author-jamie-andrews" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!l0jv!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4e5afb8c-aa1c-48c3-be16-f789d1c0cd14_1851x1036.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!l0jv!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4e5afb8c-aa1c-48c3-be16-f789d1c0cd14_1851x1036.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!l0jv!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4e5afb8c-aa1c-48c3-be16-f789d1c0cd14_1851x1036.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!l0jv!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4e5afb8c-aa1c-48c3-be16-f789d1c0cd14_1851x1036.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Diabetes Drug makes "HIV" PCR test Negative]]></title><description><![CDATA[I sell no bullshit supplements, no crappy merchandise, no whacko gadgets, I have no sponsors, no advertising and everything is possible to read for free.]]></description><link>https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/diabetes-drug-makes-hiv-pcr-test</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/diabetes-drug-makes-hiv-pcr-test</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Jamie Andrews]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 01 May 2026 11:54:52 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/61ae2e9a-949e-4a29-aa20-c9deb8d0038b_1168x784.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I sell no bullshit supplements, no crappy merchandise, no whacko gadgets, I have no sponsors, no advertising and everything is possible to read for free. However to help in running the experiments and to cover the huge costs that are mounting from travel and expenses to operate the project, please consider donating to the largest Crowdsourced and Opensourced experiments falsifying Virology. Thank you.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The Virology Controls Studies Project is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp" width="337" height="502" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/ab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:502,&quot;width&quot;:337,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Thank you to subscriber Jeff R for posting me this interesting piece it certainly seems to backup my hypothesis or rather the scientific establishments own data that says that PCR tests are not measuring specific nucleotide sequences but are instead measuring charge: </p><h2>How many people are HIV positive?</h2><p>Globally, the most recent data shows:</p><ul><li><p><strong>About 40.8 million people worldwide are living with HIV</strong> (as of 2024)</p></li></ul><h3>A bit more context</h3><ul><li><p>Around <strong>1.4 million of those are children</strong> (under 15)</p></li><li><p>Roughly <strong>39 million are adults</strong></p></li><li><p>About <strong>0.7% of adults globally</strong> are HIV-positive</p></li></ul><h3>Important to understand</h3><ul><li><p>HIV is still a major global health issue, but treatment has improved a lot</p></li><li><p>Many people with HIV live long, healthy lives thanks to <strong>antiretroviral therapy (ART)</strong></p></li><li><p>Around <strong>77% of people with HIV are receiving treatment.</strong></p><p></p></li></ul><p>When &#8220;In the field&#8221; and people are being monitored for their &#8220;HIV&#8221; treatment, every so often you will find naughty people such as Kevin Brau, friend to the Virology Control Studies Project who wakes up to the scam of Virology and stops taking their harmful Anti Retro Viral Medication that the medical establishment are claiming are keeping them alive. In this and many many other incidence, failure to then register an &#8220;HIV&#8221; PCR positive (Which should be 100% without ARVs as they claim &#8220;HIV&#8221; has integrated into their &#8220;Genome&#8221;) leaves them with severe egg on face. </p><p>As the data shows, they claim an absolutely gobsmacking level to the &#8220;HIV&#8221; fraud that there are some 40million people scammed into believing they have some permanent &#8220;Infection&#8221; that will kill them unless they hand over money to Gilead. An interesting addendum to this is that <a href="https://www.hiv.gov/hiv-basics/overview/data-and-trends/global-statistics">HIV.Gov </a>the home for official &#8220;HIV&#8221; statistics, lists the current number of people that have a claimed &#8220;HIV&#8221; positive status but are not taking Anti Retro Viral medication is 10 Million. Well, that is a highly encouraging number of control experiments, living, breathing and walking around being a thorn in the side of the medical establishments scare stories for everyday they live on.   </p><p>These living, breathing data anomalies are a particular problem for the Medical Establishment and Big Pharma (Same thing alert). They claim that &#8220;HIV&#8221; has permanently integrated into their genome so they should either take their drugs or face a swift death (Fantastic business model if you can find it, right&#8230; &#8220;Pay us or die&#8221;). When there are people that are not listening to these Mafioso tactics and continue to live a healthy (likely more healthy than before) life, they need to find excuses for why this is happening. </p><p>The first, which we have covered in a good amount of detail on the Virology Control Studies Project is what they hilariously dub &#8220;Elite Controllers&#8221;, people whom have magic &#8220;DNA&#8221; that can do jiggery pokery to the &#8220;HIV&#8221; to make the test negative without drugs. Interestingly this Magic &#8220;DNA&#8221; didn&#8217;t work in the first place when they got onboarded to the Allopathic Death Cult because they must have tested positive up front to be tracked as an &#8220;HIV Infected&#8221; individual. A slight variation on this systemic control failure of the PCR, is what they call &#8220;Long Term Non Progressors&#8221;. They don&#8217;t have the Magic &#8220;DNA&#8221; to make the tests Negative, no their tests are still positive, but what they do have is a slightly different Magic &#8220;DNA&#8221; that means that the high &#8220;Viral Load&#8221; of the tests mysteriously do nothing to their health, so they live perfectly healthy whilst the tests are pinging off the charts telling them they are going to be dying any second now. </p><p>So we know that they are always on the lookout for fantastical stories to explain away their abject failure in the field. What we are going to be looking at today, very briefly is a new news <em>story </em>that represents yet another<em> </em> one of those scapegoats for failure in the form of a Diabetes Drug, Metformin:  </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://scitechdaily.com/a-common-diabetes-drug-may-hold-the-key-to-stopping-hiv-from-coming-back/" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AiYN!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1649cc35-1232-4d3f-9c64-914524296449_943x779.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AiYN!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1649cc35-1232-4d3f-9c64-914524296449_943x779.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AiYN!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1649cc35-1232-4d3f-9c64-914524296449_943x779.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AiYN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1649cc35-1232-4d3f-9c64-914524296449_943x779.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AiYN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1649cc35-1232-4d3f-9c64-914524296449_943x779.png" width="943" height="779" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1649cc35-1232-4d3f-9c64-914524296449_943x779.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:779,&quot;width&quot;:943,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:749678,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https://scitechdaily.com/a-common-diabetes-drug-may-hold-the-key-to-stopping-hiv-from-coming-back/&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/195790095?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1649cc35-1232-4d3f-9c64-914524296449_943x779.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AiYN!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1649cc35-1232-4d3f-9c64-914524296449_943x779.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AiYN!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1649cc35-1232-4d3f-9c64-914524296449_943x779.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AiYN!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1649cc35-1232-4d3f-9c64-914524296449_943x779.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AiYN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1649cc35-1232-4d3f-9c64-914524296449_943x779.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><h4>Scientists are investigating why a small number of people with HIV can keep the virus suppressed long after stopping treatment, uncovering clues within the immune system. Their findings point to specific immune cells and genes that help maintain this dormant state.</h4></blockquote><p></p><blockquote><h4>Researchers found that certain immune cells, genes, and the drug metformin may help keep HIV dormant after treatment stops, offering new paths toward long-term control.</h4></blockquote><p></p><blockquote><p>For millions of people living with HIV, taking daily medication is essential for life. If treatment stops, the virus typically returns within weeks.</p><p>However, some rare individuals can control the virus for months or even years after stopping therapy, a phenomenon that has puzzled scientists.</p><p>&#8220;Strikingly, a small number of people rebound much more slowly and take multiple months or even longer to rebound,&#8221; says Nadia Roan, PhD, senior investigator at Gladstone Institutes.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ak8K!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd03134bc-b10a-43ed-b294-353bdfaab4ce_777x437.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ak8K!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd03134bc-b10a-43ed-b294-353bdfaab4ce_777x437.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ak8K!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd03134bc-b10a-43ed-b294-353bdfaab4ce_777x437.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ak8K!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd03134bc-b10a-43ed-b294-353bdfaab4ce_777x437.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ak8K!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd03134bc-b10a-43ed-b294-353bdfaab4ce_777x437.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ak8K!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd03134bc-b10a-43ed-b294-353bdfaab4ce_777x437.jpeg" width="777" height="437" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d03134bc-b10a-43ed-b294-353bdfaab4ce_777x437.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:437,&quot;width&quot;:777,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Ashley George and Nadia Roan 4&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="Ashley George and Nadia Roan 4" title="Ashley George and Nadia Roan 4" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ak8K!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd03134bc-b10a-43ed-b294-353bdfaab4ce_777x437.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ak8K!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd03134bc-b10a-43ed-b294-353bdfaab4ce_777x437.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ak8K!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd03134bc-b10a-43ed-b294-353bdfaab4ce_777x437.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ak8K!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd03134bc-b10a-43ed-b294-353bdfaab4ce_777x437.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption"><em>A team of Gladstone scientists&#8212;including Ashley George (left) and Nadia Roan (right)&#8212;uncovered a new path toward life without daily HIV pills, suggesting that a common diabetes pill could help achieve long-term remission. Credit: Gladstone Institutes</em></figcaption></figure></div><h4><strong>New Clues to Long-Term HIV Control</strong></h4><p>In research published in <em>Immunity</em>, Roan and her colleagues offer new insights into this effect and highlight possible ways to maintain long-term health without ongoing antiretroviral therapy.</p><p>One key discovery is that two genes inside infected cells act like protective locks that keep HIV inactive. The team also found that metformin, a widely used diabetes drug, can activate one of these mechanisms to help maintain the virus in a dormant state.</p></blockquote><blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jRO0!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffd9050f3-94ae-406d-b3f9-d3aa9d5f2870_777x437.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jRO0!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffd9050f3-94ae-406d-b3f9-d3aa9d5f2870_777x437.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jRO0!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffd9050f3-94ae-406d-b3f9-d3aa9d5f2870_777x437.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jRO0!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffd9050f3-94ae-406d-b3f9-d3aa9d5f2870_777x437.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jRO0!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffd9050f3-94ae-406d-b3f9-d3aa9d5f2870_777x437.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jRO0!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffd9050f3-94ae-406d-b3f9-d3aa9d5f2870_777x437.jpeg" width="777" height="437" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/fd9050f3-94ae-406d-b3f9-d3aa9d5f2870_777x437.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:437,&quot;width&quot;:777,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Ashley George and Nadia Roan 3&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="Ashley George and Nadia Roan 3" title="Ashley George and Nadia Roan 3" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jRO0!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffd9050f3-94ae-406d-b3f9-d3aa9d5f2870_777x437.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jRO0!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffd9050f3-94ae-406d-b3f9-d3aa9d5f2870_777x437.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jRO0!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffd9050f3-94ae-406d-b3f9-d3aa9d5f2870_777x437.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jRO0!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffd9050f3-94ae-406d-b3f9-d3aa9d5f2870_777x437.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption"><em>George and her colleagues found that treating HIV cells with metformin blocked the virus&#8217;s ability to reactivate, suggesting a possible role for this drug in delaying, or even preventing, HIV. Credit: Gladstone Institutes</em></figcaption></figure></div><p>&#8220;Our data suggest metformin might be able to delay, or possibly even prevent HIV rebound in some individuals, which is exciting because it&#8217;s a very safe and affordable drug,&#8221; says Roan, senior author on the study. &#8220;We are now very interested in pushing forward with preclinical and eventually clinical studies to directly test these potential benefits.&#8221;</p><h4><strong>Hidden HIV Reservoirs and Rebound Risk</strong></h4><p>Although antiretroviral therapy can suppress HIV, it does not eliminate it. The virus remains hidden in &#8220;reservoir&#8221; immune cells that contain its genetic material. If treatment is interrupted, these reservoirs can produce active virus again, leading to renewed symptoms and potentially acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).</p><p>To better understand how some individuals keep the virus under control, the researchers examined people who maintained suppression after stopping treatment.</p><p>They analyzed four clinical trials in which participants paused therapy under close medical supervision, often as part of efforts to test potential HIV cures.</p><h4><strong>Immune Cell Analysis Reveals Key Patterns</strong></h4><p>The team studied blood samples from 75 participants collected just before treatment stopped, measuring gene and protein activity across different immune cell types to identify patterns linked to delayed viral rebound.</p><p>Their analysis revealed several important findings. In two trials, individuals with higher levels of stem cell memory CD8+ T cells experienced slower viral return. The two participants with the longest delays, more than 22 weeks and over 33 weeks, had the highest levels of these cells.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-dfU!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fea3a466c-4fc0-4390-b4bd-5052d28b8356_777x437.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-dfU!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fea3a466c-4fc0-4390-b4bd-5052d28b8356_777x437.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-dfU!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fea3a466c-4fc0-4390-b4bd-5052d28b8356_777x437.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-dfU!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fea3a466c-4fc0-4390-b4bd-5052d28b8356_777x437.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-dfU!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fea3a466c-4fc0-4390-b4bd-5052d28b8356_777x437.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-dfU!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fea3a466c-4fc0-4390-b4bd-5052d28b8356_777x437.jpeg" width="777" height="437" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/ea3a466c-4fc0-4390-b4bd-5052d28b8356_777x437.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:437,&quot;width&quot;:777,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Ashley George and Nadia Roan 2&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="Ashley George and Nadia Roan 2" title="Ashley George and Nadia Roan 2" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-dfU!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fea3a466c-4fc0-4390-b4bd-5052d28b8356_777x437.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-dfU!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fea3a466c-4fc0-4390-b4bd-5052d28b8356_777x437.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-dfU!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fea3a466c-4fc0-4390-b4bd-5052d28b8356_777x437.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-dfU!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fea3a466c-4fc0-4390-b4bd-5052d28b8356_777x437.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption"><em>The study by George (left) and Roan (right) is part of a broader effort by a multidisciplinary group of researchers, named the HOPE Collaboratory, working to cure HIV. Credit: Gladstone Institutes</em></figcaption></figure></div><p>&#8220;These CD8+ T cells appear to have &#8216;stem-like&#8217; features and might be able to stick around to continue replenishing themselves for prolonged periods of time, which may help them contribute to long periods of ART-free HIV control,&#8221; Roan says.</p><h4><strong>Role of Natural Killer Cells in HIV Control</strong></h4><p>In another trial, people with an unusual form of natural killer cells also showed delayed rebound compared to those with the typical type. While these cells are known for destroying infected cells, they can also influence how other immune cells function, which may affect how quickly HIV returns.</p><p>&#8220;Altogether, our findings suggest there&#8217;s probably not just one solution for suppressing HIV,&#8221; says Ashley George, PhD, research scientist at Gladstone and co-first author on the study. &#8220;By leveraging different features of immune cells that can help fight infection, we likely have multiple opportunities to control HIV without the need for ART.&#8221;</p><p>The researchers also identified important changes in CD4+ T cells, the main type of cell that serves as an HIV reservoir.</p><h4><strong>Genes That Help Keep HIV Dormant</strong></h4><p>Higher levels of two genes, DDIT4 and ZNF254, were linked to longer delays before the virus rebounded. Laboratory experiments confirmed that both genes can suppress HIV activity.</p><p>&#8220;Both genes represent possible new targets for a promising &#8216;block and lock&#8217; strategy for curing HIV, in which drugs would first be used to block HIV activation, followed by ways to make this block permanent,&#8221; George says.</p><p>This strategy is central to the work of the HIV Obstruction by Programmed Epigenetics (HOPE) Collaboratory, a research group focused on finding a cure.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J-Tl!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F755c6f54-234b-4511-b0cb-13d4b7b97393_777x437.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J-Tl!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F755c6f54-234b-4511-b0cb-13d4b7b97393_777x437.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J-Tl!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F755c6f54-234b-4511-b0cb-13d4b7b97393_777x437.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J-Tl!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F755c6f54-234b-4511-b0cb-13d4b7b97393_777x437.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J-Tl!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F755c6f54-234b-4511-b0cb-13d4b7b97393_777x437.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J-Tl!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F755c6f54-234b-4511-b0cb-13d4b7b97393_777x437.jpeg" width="777" height="437" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/755c6f54-234b-4511-b0cb-13d4b7b97393_777x437.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:437,&quot;width&quot;:777,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Ashley George and Nadia Roan 1&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="Ashley George and Nadia Roan 1" title="Ashley George and Nadia Roan 1" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J-Tl!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F755c6f54-234b-4511-b0cb-13d4b7b97393_777x437.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J-Tl!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F755c6f54-234b-4511-b0cb-13d4b7b97393_777x437.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J-Tl!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F755c6f54-234b-4511-b0cb-13d4b7b97393_777x437.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J-Tl!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F755c6f54-234b-4511-b0cb-13d4b7b97393_777x437.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption"><em>By studying the rare individuals who continue to suppress the virus even after treatment ends, Roan (left) and her team identified features of immune cells that can keep the virus locked down. Credit: Gladstone Institutes</em></figcaption></figure></div><p>Further analysis of existing data supported these findings. Individuals with higher levels of the two genes showed reduced viral activity, and &#8220;elite controllers,&#8221; people who naturally suppress HIV without treatment, had especially high levels of ZNF254 in their CD4+ T cells.</p><p>&#8220;One possibility we&#8217;re imagining for the future is that we could somehow deliver ZNF254 to infected cells in order to turn people into elite controllers,&#8221; George says. &#8220;We could also try to engineer an even stronger version of this gene.&#8221;</p><p>Among all the findings, the link between DDIT4 and delayed viral return may have the most immediate clinical relevance. Levels of this gene can be increased by metformin, something previously observed in other cell types and now confirmed in T cells by this study.</p><h4><strong>Metformin&#8217;s Potential to Suppress HIV</strong></h4><p>This led researchers to test whether metformin could directly suppress HIV. In one experiment, the drug prevented the virus from reactivating in cells taken from people with HIV, suggesting it could support the &#8220;block and lock&#8221; approach.</p><p>The team plans to continue testing metformin and similar compounds in pre-clinical models to see if they can stop HIV from re-emerging when treatment is paused.</p><p>Drugs that keep HIV inactive could also benefit people who remain on therapy by reducing exposure to viral gene products that contribute to chronic inflammation.</p><p>&#8220;We are excited to pursue HIV silencing strategies both as a way to achieve block and lock, but also as a strategy to improve the overall health of people with HIV by lessening chronic inflammation,&#8221; Roan says.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S107476132600049X" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PS9N!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff91001ee-3fb2-490f-bbe6-520822c2ea72_883x341.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PS9N!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff91001ee-3fb2-490f-bbe6-520822c2ea72_883x341.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PS9N!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff91001ee-3fb2-490f-bbe6-520822c2ea72_883x341.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PS9N!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff91001ee-3fb2-490f-bbe6-520822c2ea72_883x341.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PS9N!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff91001ee-3fb2-490f-bbe6-520822c2ea72_883x341.png" width="883" height="341" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f91001ee-3fb2-490f-bbe6-520822c2ea72_883x341.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:341,&quot;width&quot;:883,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:49529,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S107476132600049X&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/195790095?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff91001ee-3fb2-490f-bbe6-520822c2ea72_883x341.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PS9N!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff91001ee-3fb2-490f-bbe6-520822c2ea72_883x341.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PS9N!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff91001ee-3fb2-490f-bbe6-520822c2ea72_883x341.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PS9N!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff91001ee-3fb2-490f-bbe6-520822c2ea72_883x341.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PS9N!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff91001ee-3fb2-490f-bbe6-520822c2ea72_883x341.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div></blockquote><blockquote><h2>Summary</h2><p>Immunological mechanisms regulating HIV rebound after antiretroviral therapy (ART) interruption remain unclear. We examined relationships between host factors, HIV reservoir, and HIV time-to-rebound after analytical treatment interruption (ATI) by characterizing pre-ATI peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 75 ART-suppressed people with HIV (PWH) using high-parameter methods. Across interventional (CLEAR, TEACH, and REDUC) and non-interventional (A5345) cohorts, delayed rebound was not associated with intact HIV. Cohort-specific immune effectors were associated with delayed rebound. RNA sequencing of CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells from A5345 revealed that the mTOR inhibitor DDIT4 and zinc finger protein ZNF254 were associated with delayed rebound. <em>In vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> studies demonstrated that DDIT4 and ZNF254 suppressed HIV expression. Metformin induced DDIT4 and suppressed HIV expression in primary cells and cells from ART-suppressed PWH, suggesting that this affordable diabetes drug could be repurposed to silence HIV. Our results support the pursuit of both immune- and HIV-silencing strategies to achieve ART-free HIV remission.</p></blockquote><h1>ANALYSIS</h1><p>First off the surprising thing is that they managed to find a fairly sizable cohort of &#8220;HIV&#8221; Positive individuals who were willing to stop their ARV meds. In the name of Soyence and all that I am sure they just put their trust in the priests in white coats, but still it is moving in the right direction that they are not piss scared of doing it. </p><p>For this study that is linked in the paper above they took 75 people and stopped ARVs and studied how long it took for them to &#8220;Rebound&#8221; from undetectable &#8220;Viral&#8221; load. On the face of it, even this part of the study was very useful as they set the bar for &#8220;Rebound&#8221;  low at 1000 copies and despite this, some of the participants went for nearly 8 months before breaching this threshold. You must factor in that the people on this trial were likely the must gutter form of Pharmaceutical superfans being on this trial and being &#8220;HIV&#8221; Positive, so it is not likely they are going to be interested at all in naturally detoxing and bringing themselves back to balance (Which is what Elite Controlling is).</p><p>Now this trial has gone the typical convoluted route stopping off at their tried and tested course of bafflement in the form of &#8220;Genetics&#8221; where they make up random numbers and codes based on lab values and claim this has any mark on reality.  Oh of course, silly me, the DDIT4 and ZNF254 are expressing like a runaway train in the Long term non progressors. Sigh. They then have the Eureka moment that one of them realized that a completely different drug for a completely different disease has something to do with this random lab value so they must &#8220;work&#8221; on both. I mean for once I think this is actually Logical &#8220;chemistry&#8221; where we are usually being told that, when it comes to killing stuff, like Ivermectin the same chemistry somehow weaves around the human that swallowed it and just goes to the little worm it was &#8220;programmed&#8221; to get. </p><h1>WHAT IS METFORMIN?</h1><p>Metformin&#8217;s origin traces back to a plant called <strong>Galega officinalis</strong> (also known as French lilac or goat&#8217;s rue), which was traditionally used to treat symptoms of diabetes.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nH0H!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fba92708c-5d61-4299-a555-a8e8c1525ec1_1024x1898.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nH0H!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fba92708c-5d61-4299-a555-a8e8c1525ec1_1024x1898.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nH0H!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fba92708c-5d61-4299-a555-a8e8c1525ec1_1024x1898.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nH0H!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fba92708c-5d61-4299-a555-a8e8c1525ec1_1024x1898.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nH0H!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fba92708c-5d61-4299-a555-a8e8c1525ec1_1024x1898.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nH0H!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fba92708c-5d61-4299-a555-a8e8c1525ec1_1024x1898.jpeg" width="1024" height="1898" 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alt="https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/QEzYqC2dKLGmIN4QOYTrmmjJanWyWEHuGqpdkkoqJlZHEe5cv7stBRgIzBUeGIl8Drva58Rjrzd8E04eguNayWVllpGIxxf1L1335HAWnpwJhJQegQ-FfcdAbtNuCi0_3CyQcI3Wd56RTRE693Hr8sxorpsR1g4jVdk1FKn5bYCGqmxxOOzJh4gwgZdFN5kj?purpose=fullsize" title="https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/QEzYqC2dKLGmIN4QOYTrmmjJanWyWEHuGqpdkkoqJlZHEe5cv7stBRgIzBUeGIl8Drva58Rjrzd8E04eguNayWVllpGIxxf1L1335HAWnpwJhJQegQ-FfcdAbtNuCi0_3CyQcI3Wd56RTRE693Hr8sxorpsR1g4jVdk1FKn5bYCGqmxxOOzJh4gwgZdFN5kj?purpose=fullsize" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nH0H!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fba92708c-5d61-4299-a555-a8e8c1525ec1_1024x1898.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nH0H!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fba92708c-5d61-4299-a555-a8e8c1525ec1_1024x1898.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nH0H!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fba92708c-5d61-4299-a555-a8e8c1525ec1_1024x1898.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nH0H!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fba92708c-5d61-4299-a555-a8e8c1525ec1_1024x1898.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p>Scientists later identified compounds in this plant (called <em>guanidines</em>) that lower blood sugar, which eventually led to the development of metformin.</p><blockquote><p>Metformin is very much tied to <strong>charge and ionic behavior</strong>, and that&#8217;s actually central to how it moves around the body.</p><div><hr></div><h2>Is metformin a charged molecule?</h2><p>Metformin (Metformin) is a <strong>strongly basic compound</strong>, meaning it readily picks up protons (H&#8314;).</p><ul><li><p>At normal physiological pH (~7.4), <strong>metformin is positively charged</strong></p></li><li><p>In fact, it usually exists as a <strong>dication</strong> (carrying <strong>+2 charge</strong>)</p></li></ul><p>Chemically, this comes from its <strong>guanidine groups</strong>, which are highly proton-attracting.</p><p>&#128073; In medicines, it&#8217;s almost always given as <strong>metformin hydrochloride</strong>, which is an <strong>ionic salt</strong>.</p><div><hr></div><h2>What that means in practice</h2><h3>1. It doesn&#8217;t cross membranes easily</h3><p>Because it&#8217;s <strong>charged and very water-soluble</strong>, metformin:</p><ul><li><p>Cannot diffuse freely through cell membranes (which prefer neutral, lipid-soluble molecules)</p></li><li><p>Instead relies on <strong>transport proteins</strong></p></li></ul><p>Key ones include:</p><ul><li><p><strong>OCT1 (organic cation transporter 1)</strong> in the liver</p></li><li><p><strong>OCT2</strong> in the kidneys</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h3>2. It accumulates in certain tissues</h3><p>Those transporters actively pull metformin into cells, especially:</p><ul><li><p>Liver (main site of action)</p></li><li><p>Kidneys (for elimination)</p></li></ul><p>This selective uptake is why it mainly affects liver glucose production.</p></blockquote><h2> </h2><blockquote><h1>1. Metformin&#8217;s charge: why it matters so much</h1><p>Metformin (Metformin) is a <strong>strong organic base</strong>. At physiological pH (~7.4):</p><ul><li><p>It is <strong>fully protonated</strong></p></li><li><p>Exists mainly as a <strong>dication (2+)</strong></p></li></ul><h3>Structural consequence</h3><p>Because it is:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Highly charged</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Very polar</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Hydrophilic</strong></p></li></ul><p>&#128073; It <strong>cannot passively diffuse across lipid membranes</strong></p><p>This is unusual for a drug that must act inside cells.</p><div><hr></div><h2>So how does it get in?</h2><p>It depends on <strong>transport proteins</strong>, mainly:</p><ul><li><p><strong>OCT1 (Organic Cation Transporter 1)</strong> &#8594; liver uptake</p></li><li><p><strong>OCT2</strong> &#8594; kidney handling</p></li><li><p>Additional MATE transporters for excretion</p></li></ul><p>These are <strong>electrogenic or facilitated transporters</strong> that <em>recognize positively charged molecules</em>.</p><h3>Key insight:</h3><blockquote><p>Metformin&#8217;s charge is not a limitation&#8212;it is the &#8220;ticket&#8221; that allows selective transport into specific tissues.</p></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote><h1>   Key takeaway</h1><ul><li><p>Metformin&#8217;s <strong>positive charge is essential</strong>, not incidental&#8212;it determines tissue targeting via transporters.</p></li><li><p>Its effects are fundamentally about creating a <strong>controlled cellular energy stress signal</strong>.</p></li></ul></blockquote><p></p><h1>CONCLUSION</h1><p>So they have taken a drug that was meant to work for a completely different disease in a completely different way, they have added it to a cell culture of &#8220;HIV&#8221; infected cells and shown that the addition of this drug suppresses &#8220;Viral Load&#8221; i.e it makes PCR test negative.  Below is the simplified workflow from the paper:</p><blockquote><h2>&#129515; A. Infection of primary human CD4&#8314; T cells (main model)</h2><h3>Step-by-step:</h3><ol><li><p><strong>Isolate primary CD4&#8314; T cells</strong></p><ul><li><p>From healthy donors (and sometimes HIV+ donor samples in other experiments)</p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>Activate the cells</strong></p><ul><li><p>With CD3/CD28 stimulation (to mimic immune activation)</p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>Infect with HIV-1</strong></p><ul><li><p>They used a <strong>replication-competent HIV strain (NL4-3/BaL variants)</strong></p></li><li><p>This allows full viral life cycle in cells</p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>Add metformin at different doses</strong></p><ul><li><p>Typically ~0.5&#8211;1 mM (physiological in vitro range)</p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>Culture for several days (up to ~12 days)</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Measure outcomes using multiple readouts:</strong></p><ul><li><p><strong>Flow cytometry (HIV p24 protein in cells)</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>ELISA (viral particles in supernatant)</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>PCR (viral DNA integration / early replication intermediates)</strong></p></li></ul></li></ol></blockquote><p></p><p>Where this becomes very interesting is highlighting exactly how Metformin is claimed to work, or rather its exact physical properties. Because this is what I am really talking about when I am simplifying the fraud of &#8220;Bio&#8221;Chemistry. When you actually lay all of these proposed chemicals out they really only differ in their physical properties i.e the measurable attributes; their charge, viscosity, polarity, density, state, colour, odor and volatility. Only a few of those are active and so &#8230;. well define its actions rather than its &#8220;existence&#8221;. So when we have a drug that has absolutely nothing to do with the claimed effectiveness of its original design used for a different process we must conclude that it is due to its measurable, definable properties that are causing this crossover. </p><p>In this case the most apparent property is that of its charge, which is noted as its most defining characteristic of its function. It is measured as being highly Basic in its pH, highly charged, very polar and hydrophilic, all of these things actually being able to be reduced to just charge as dealing with H+ Ions with pH, Polarity which is charge &#8220;distribution&#8221; and Hydrophilicity being a combination of polarity and charge. </p><p>So let&#8217;s marry this up with the theoretical work put out on the Virology Control Studies project. It is not really debatable that ultimately PCR is testing for Charge as it is verified in Gel Electrophoresis as outlined in the article <a href="https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/what-is-the-pcr-really-testing-for">&#8220;What is the PCR really testing for?&#8221;</a> . It is specifically testing for the Negative Ions that they claim makes up &#8220;DNA&#8221; that move toward the Anode in Gel Electrophoresis.  So to really walk through this, they are claiming to put &#8220;HIV&#8221; (A PCR positive cell culture) in a petri dish, they are then adding Metformin a drug which knowingly has Positive Charge and is highly attractive to H+ Ions due to its pH. They then test for its relative negative charge in PCR which tests negative. </p><p>To me this once again bolsters the hypothesis/point that all they are testing for is charge and given that this was carried out in concentration titers and it showed a sliding scale of efficacy this only cements that further. I want to go a bit further into my overall thinking, using the results of this experiment. It is something that I have thought for a while but haven&#8217;t really vocalized it, it is still a working hypothesis but I am confident enough to state that is what I think is going on: That all drugs are really very similar, certainly when it comes to drugs that are said to have any effects genetics. When you can use drugs like this, completely off target for the same purpose you do have to wonder. I think a lot of them are designed in the method of delivery and the way they are packaged to attempt to reach certain areas of the body for particular organ functions, but once again these are differences in essentially mechanical properties and how they are delivered.  </p><p>Over and Out. </p><p></p><p>If you have enjoyed this article and want to support the project with a one time donation please BuyMeACoffee, thanks!</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="http://buymeacoffee.com/controlstudies" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!84WB!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe45f0e17-557d-402e-ae0a-41f005c53b5f_535x265.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!84WB!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe45f0e17-557d-402e-ae0a-41f005c53b5f_535x265.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!84WB!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe45f0e17-557d-402e-ae0a-41f005c53b5f_535x265.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!84WB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe45f0e17-557d-402e-ae0a-41f005c53b5f_535x265.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!84WB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe45f0e17-557d-402e-ae0a-41f005c53b5f_535x265.png" width="535" height="265" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e45f0e17-557d-402e-ae0a-41f005c53b5f_535x265.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:265,&quot;width&quot;:535,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:39775,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;http://buymeacoffee.com/controlstudies&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/195790095?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe45f0e17-557d-402e-ae0a-41f005c53b5f_535x265.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!84WB!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe45f0e17-557d-402e-ae0a-41f005c53b5f_535x265.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!84WB!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe45f0e17-557d-402e-ae0a-41f005c53b5f_535x265.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!84WB!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe45f0e17-557d-402e-ae0a-41f005c53b5f_535x265.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!84WB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe45f0e17-557d-402e-ae0a-41f005c53b5f_535x265.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>This article is available as a downloadable EBook along with the rest of my work on ShadowBanned Library</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://shadowbannedlibrary.com/collections/browse-by-author-jamie-andrews" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SeEp!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F30320ca1-9ead-4155-9f6a-930318d58842_1851x1036.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SeEp!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F30320ca1-9ead-4155-9f6a-930318d58842_1851x1036.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SeEp!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F30320ca1-9ead-4155-9f6a-930318d58842_1851x1036.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SeEp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F30320ca1-9ead-4155-9f6a-930318d58842_1851x1036.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SeEp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F30320ca1-9ead-4155-9f6a-930318d58842_1851x1036.png" width="1456" height="815" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/30320ca1-9ead-4155-9f6a-930318d58842_1851x1036.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:815,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:1113120,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https://shadowbannedlibrary.com/collections/browse-by-author-jamie-andrews&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/195790095?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F30320ca1-9ead-4155-9f6a-930318d58842_1851x1036.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SeEp!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F30320ca1-9ead-4155-9f6a-930318d58842_1851x1036.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SeEp!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F30320ca1-9ead-4155-9f6a-930318d58842_1851x1036.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SeEp!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F30320ca1-9ead-4155-9f6a-930318d58842_1851x1036.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SeEp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F30320ca1-9ead-4155-9f6a-930318d58842_1851x1036.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Scientists invented a fake disease. AI told people it was real.]]></title><description><![CDATA[...]]></description><link>https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/scientists-invented-a-fake-disease</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/scientists-invented-a-fake-disease</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Jamie Andrews]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 22 Apr 2026 14:07:43 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c5f96c18-acab-485f-887a-3aef1cf07f30_606x551.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I sell no bullshit supplements, no crappy merchandise, no whacko gadgets, I have no sponsors, no advertising and everything is possible to read for free. However to help in running the experiments and to cover the huge costs that are mounting from travel and expenses to operate the project, please consider donating to the largest Crowdsourced and Opensourced experiments falsifying Virology. Thank you.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The Virology Controls Studies Project is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp" width="337" height="502" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/ab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:502,&quot;width&quot;:337,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Going to write a quick article because I felt it needed a little more than just a Tweet thread or a Substack Note. I think this paper released by the leading Biological Journal, Nature, really sums up the sign of the times. It is a coming together of the failings of the Allopathic Death Cult, the worst parts of AI, social media and general politics, so naturally I really liked this paper for what it revealed about all of the aforementioned. </p><p></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-01100-y" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2H3a!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff42ad294-f41a-4165-b07c-e37203a904dd_1222x628.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2H3a!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff42ad294-f41a-4165-b07c-e37203a904dd_1222x628.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2H3a!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff42ad294-f41a-4165-b07c-e37203a904dd_1222x628.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2H3a!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff42ad294-f41a-4165-b07c-e37203a904dd_1222x628.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2H3a!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff42ad294-f41a-4165-b07c-e37203a904dd_1222x628.png" width="1222" height="628" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f42ad294-f41a-4165-b07c-e37203a904dd_1222x628.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:628,&quot;width&quot;:1222,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:74122,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-01100-y&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/194680562?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff42ad294-f41a-4165-b07c-e37203a904dd_1222x628.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2H3a!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff42ad294-f41a-4165-b07c-e37203a904dd_1222x628.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2H3a!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff42ad294-f41a-4165-b07c-e37203a904dd_1222x628.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2H3a!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff42ad294-f41a-4165-b07c-e37203a904dd_1222x628.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2H3a!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff42ad294-f41a-4165-b07c-e37203a904dd_1222x628.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><p>Got sore, itchy eyes? You&#8217;re probably one of the millions of people who spend too much time staring at screens, being bombarded with blue light. Rub your eyes too much and your eyelids might turn a slight, pinkish hue.</p><p>So far, so normal. But if, in the past 18 months, you typed those symptoms into a range of popular chatbots and asked what was wrong with you, you might have got an odd answer: bixonimania.</p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uPvl!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1c9fd6e2-72bc-4dc7-9e55-e77f261d07b2_400x300.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uPvl!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1c9fd6e2-72bc-4dc7-9e55-e77f261d07b2_400x300.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uPvl!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1c9fd6e2-72bc-4dc7-9e55-e77f261d07b2_400x300.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uPvl!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1c9fd6e2-72bc-4dc7-9e55-e77f261d07b2_400x300.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uPvl!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1c9fd6e2-72bc-4dc7-9e55-e77f261d07b2_400x300.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uPvl!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1c9fd6e2-72bc-4dc7-9e55-e77f261d07b2_400x300.jpeg" width="400" height="300" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1c9fd6e2-72bc-4dc7-9e55-e77f261d07b2_400x300.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:300,&quot;width&quot;:400,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uPvl!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1c9fd6e2-72bc-4dc7-9e55-e77f261d07b2_400x300.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uPvl!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1c9fd6e2-72bc-4dc7-9e55-e77f261d07b2_400x300.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uPvl!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1c9fd6e2-72bc-4dc7-9e55-e77f261d07b2_400x300.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uPvl!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1c9fd6e2-72bc-4dc7-9e55-e77f261d07b2_400x300.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><strong><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-025-03222-1">AI models that lie, cheat and plot murder: how dangerous are LLMs really?</a></strong></p><blockquote><p>The condition doesn&#8217;t appear in the standard medical literature &#8212; because it doesn&#8217;t exist. It&#8217;s the invention of a team led by Almira Osmanovic Thunstr&#246;m, a medical researcher at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden, who dreamt up the skin condition and then uploaded two fake studies about it to a preprint server in early 2024. Osmanovic Thunstr&#246;m carried out this unusual experiment to test whether <a href="https://www.nature.com/immersive/d41586-023-03017-2/index.html">large language models (LLMs)</a> would swallow the misinformation and then spit it out as reputable health advice. &#8220;I wanted to see if I can create a medical condition that did not exist in the database,&#8221; she says.</p><p>The problem was that the experiment worked too well. Within weeks of her uploading information about the condition, attributed to a fictional author, major artificial-intelligence systems began repeating the invented condition as if it were real.</p><p>Even more troublingly, other researchers say, the fake papers were then cited in peer-reviewed literature. Osmanovic Thunstr&#246;m says this suggests that some researchers are relying on <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00969-z">AI-generated references</a> without reading the underlying papers.</p></blockquote><p>The fascinating thing that strikes me is the area of symptomology and Medical Diagnosis on the internet. Looking at it through the lens of the 2020 Scamdemic we obviously saw ridiculously low levels of symptomology being flagged as potential &#8220;Covid&#8221; &#8220;Infections&#8221; ranging from anything from feeling anxious, sweating, feeling cold, elevated heart rate and even having no symptoms at all - that word that we all came to love so much, Asymptomatic. It doesn&#8217;t really take a retrospective look or any sort of hindsight for that matter because those with eyes and a decent level of discernment saw this for what it was in real-time: A desperate attempt to onboard as many gullible victims to go and be slowly suffocated to death with a combination of heavy sedation and intubation and if that didn&#8217;t finish you off, the kidney melting Remdesivir would- to act as another statistic for the Fear Factory News Bulletins.</p><p>So this type of Minesweeper approach to the Allopathic Death Cult is going to be the real focus point for this article. I would like to use the analogy of Colin Fry, A British Medium and Television entertainer, because that is what he was, purely for entertainment purposes. He would ask/Fein spiritual connection with the audience, and it is a tactic of many of these stage performers like Hypnotists, that there was something appearing to him, something completely ubiquitous and non specific. </p><p>&#8220;I am seeing the colour Blue! Is there anyone in the audience who has a connection with the colour Blue&#8221; </p><p>Now you have to bare in mind that the Audience members have already gone through one MineSweeper filter to be even sat in the studio in the first place, they had to be fucking sad enough to watch Colin Fry&#8217;s other shows, believe it and THEN that sad to give up a day of their life and presumably pay hard earned cash to go watch this guy pull the wool over people&#8217;s eyes with basic leading psychology.</p><p>Marjorie from Widnes sticks her hand up &#8220;Oh that&#8217;s me, my dear Brian who passed away, he was an Everton fan and they play in Blue Shirts&#8221;. </p><p>Colin was locked in.</p><p>&#8220;That&#8217;s right! Brian is with us now in the Studio.&#8221; He squints his eyes and places his forefingers on his temples.  &#8220;He says not to be depressed&#8221;</p><p>Marjorie looks amazed, her long lost husband Brian who died falling off a Steam Roller on the M62 had come back to pass on his love from the afterlife (Which is somewhere near Bolton), and says unlike him, who was flattened as thin as a French Crepe, she is not to be depressed. </p><p>I don&#8217;t think I have to carry on with the analogy, however entertaining it may be for you to get the basic concept that asking leading questions to gullible people is how confidence tricksters operate. This is the exact way that the Allopathic Death Cult is throwing out the catch net to onboard unwitting clients onto its conveyor belt of drug regimen abuse purely to line their own pockets and meet political agendas. The area that I want to focus once again in on is the area of the Nocebo effect. This is the psychological manipulation technique, dubbed as basically the &#8220;evil twin&#8221; of the placebo effect.</p><h1>The Nocebo Effect </h1><blockquote><h3>What it means</h3><p>It happens when <strong>negative expectations cause real negative symptoms</strong>, even though there&#8217;s no harmful physical cause.</p><p>In other words:<br>If you <em>believe</em> something will make you feel worse, your body can actually produce those symptoms.</p><div><hr></div><h3>Simple example</h3><p>Imagine a doctor gives you a harmless sugar pill but says:<br>&#8220;Some people feel nausea or headaches from this.&#8221;</p><p>Even though the pill does nothing, you might <strong>actually feel sick</strong>&#8212;that&#8217;s the nocebo effect.</p><div><hr></div><h3>Why it happens</h3><p>Your brain is powerful. Expectations can influence:</p><ul><li><p>Pain perception</p></li><li><p>Hormones and stress responses</p></li><li><p>Heart rate and digestion</p></li></ul><p>This involves brain mechanisms studied in neuroscience and psychology.</p><div><hr></div><h3>Real-world cases</h3><ul><li><p>Patients report side effects from medications they never actually took</p></li><li><p>Reading a long list of side effects can increase the chance of experiencing them</p></li><li><p>Negative news about a disease can amplify symptoms in people who aren&#8217;t ill</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h3>Key takeaway</h3><p>The nocebo effect shows that <strong>expectations don&#8217;t just shape your thoughts&#8212;they can shape your physical experience</strong>.</p></blockquote><p>During 2020 I only closely followed the political machinations in any sort of detail in the UK largely because it is my first language and the French politics was just a little out of my depth in terms of understanding free flowing political jargon, despite it being the country in which I am residing. I am going to assume that most other countries were the same but feel free to point out that this may not be the case if you happen to know better from the countries in which you live: </p><p>The UK gov hired a whole load of academic wonks and called it <strong>COBR</strong> = <em>Cabinet Office Briefing Rooms </em>or COBRA meetings just for that added satanist overtones that everything the State did was dripping in during those years. As part of this was the Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies (SAGE- oh look wonderful natural people come to save us *<em>spare me</em>*), now nearly half of these &#8220;experts&#8221; brought in to discuss the important matter of how to fake a pandemic were Behavioral Psychologists, people like the absolute frothing demon Susan Michie, who said stuff like &#8220;Social Distancing Should Stay Forever&#8221;. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yurv!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ff2ee57-ddb8-4da2-bee7-58a9c9ffb4a5_929x246.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yurv!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ff2ee57-ddb8-4da2-bee7-58a9c9ffb4a5_929x246.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yurv!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ff2ee57-ddb8-4da2-bee7-58a9c9ffb4a5_929x246.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yurv!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ff2ee57-ddb8-4da2-bee7-58a9c9ffb4a5_929x246.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yurv!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ff2ee57-ddb8-4da2-bee7-58a9c9ffb4a5_929x246.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yurv!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ff2ee57-ddb8-4da2-bee7-58a9c9ffb4a5_929x246.png" width="929" height="246" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/4ff2ee57-ddb8-4da2-bee7-58a9c9ffb4a5_929x246.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:246,&quot;width&quot;:929,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:89484,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/194680562?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ff2ee57-ddb8-4da2-bee7-58a9c9ffb4a5_929x246.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yurv!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ff2ee57-ddb8-4da2-bee7-58a9c9ffb4a5_929x246.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yurv!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ff2ee57-ddb8-4da2-bee7-58a9c9ffb4a5_929x246.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yurv!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ff2ee57-ddb8-4da2-bee7-58a9c9ffb4a5_929x246.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yurv!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ff2ee57-ddb8-4da2-bee7-58a9c9ffb4a5_929x246.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>So we know very well that this front of house behavioral psychology battering ram is incredibly important to how the state what to view your health. We can see how they operate in this arena and are going to fire shots of suggestibility and Nocebo until they are all spent. This Nocebo effect by the way is very well studied in academia and for all of the <strong>SAGE demons they will be incredibly well aware of such a thing having their establishment credentials from all of the boring institutions that do these types of social studies as part and parcel of the daily operating procedures of a Marxist Hive. </strong></p><p><strong>So let&#8217;s take a look at the power of suggestion and how it may be seen to affect health. Here we will stay in topic with a (Failed- of course) Contagion Study by Dochez et Al in 1930. One healthy participant found out that they were part of a contagion study trying to infect people with &#8220;Influenza&#8221;. When they found out, they developed a Severe Influenza Like Symptoms, only for those severe symptoms to magically disappear when they were reliably informed that nobody else got sick in the trial.  This astounding incident really rams home the power of suggestion especially when it comes to the incredibly personal and touchy subject of health, double especially when it comes to &#8220;viruses&#8221; in the eyes of Normies; what could be a more emotive Nocebo weapon that the literal air you air breathing has invisible monsters in it that at any minute could make you choke to death on your own mucus.  </strong> </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!r5GU!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc3b21b23-1715-45ff-b4b9-eec2c9f6ec46_459x680.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" 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src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!r5GU!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc3b21b23-1715-45ff-b4b9-eec2c9f6ec46_459x680.jpeg" width="459" height="680" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!r5GU!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc3b21b23-1715-45ff-b4b9-eec2c9f6ec46_459x680.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!r5GU!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc3b21b23-1715-45ff-b4b9-eec2c9f6ec46_459x680.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!r5GU!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc3b21b23-1715-45ff-b4b9-eec2c9f6ec46_459x680.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!r5GU!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc3b21b23-1715-45ff-b4b9-eec2c9f6ec46_459x680.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p> There is an absolute wealth of literature on this subject and would certainly be an article, probably even a series of articles on this subject alone (Which if I ever manage to find out how to create a 72hr day, would gladly commence) . Needless to say, I don&#8217;t want to get too carried away from the reason why we are here for the initial paper, so I will leave you with a link (On the title pic) and the abstract of this experimental paper which concludes that the Nocebo effect is more powerful than the placebo effect. Taking people and placing electrodes and heating devices on their forearms they used suggestive questions and blinding to measure the effects on perceived pain. </p><p>This is really quite astounding when discussing the issue of health and pharmaceuticals, especially in the theatre of war that was 2020. That there is essentially no way, behaviorally to full mitigate the psychological damage done by the media propaganda of telling the world the air could kill them and suggesting their low-grade symptoms were the onset of having this deadly transmissible monster inside of them.  Even if the Vax was a sugar pill, the fear from the initial propagandizing would do MORE damage than the placebo of the cure. Let that sink in for a minute.  </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41150350/" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fE9G!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd3b76910-ea60-4728-9d90-75f1fce9171c_1381x385.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fE9G!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd3b76910-ea60-4728-9d90-75f1fce9171c_1381x385.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fE9G!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd3b76910-ea60-4728-9d90-75f1fce9171c_1381x385.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fE9G!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd3b76910-ea60-4728-9d90-75f1fce9171c_1381x385.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fE9G!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd3b76910-ea60-4728-9d90-75f1fce9171c_1381x385.png" width="1381" height="385" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d3b76910-ea60-4728-9d90-75f1fce9171c_1381x385.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:385,&quot;width&quot;:1381,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:89496,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41150350/&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/194680562?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd3b76910-ea60-4728-9d90-75f1fce9171c_1381x385.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fE9G!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd3b76910-ea60-4728-9d90-75f1fce9171c_1381x385.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fE9G!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd3b76910-ea60-4728-9d90-75f1fce9171c_1381x385.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fE9G!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd3b76910-ea60-4728-9d90-75f1fce9171c_1381x385.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fE9G!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd3b76910-ea60-4728-9d90-75f1fce9171c_1381x385.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><h2>Abstract</h2><p>Placebo and nocebo effects illustrate the profound influence of cognitive-affective processes on symptom perception and treatment outcomes, with the potential to significantly alter responses to medical interventions. Despite their clinical relevance, the question of how placebo and nocebo effects differ in strength and duration remains largely unexplored. Using a within-subject design in 104 healthy individuals, we investigated and directly compared the magnitude and persistence of placebo and nocebo effects on experimental pain. Effects were assessed immediately after their induction through verbal instructions and conditioning and at a 1-week follow-up. The study was preregistered in the German Clinical Trials Register (registration number: DRKS00029228). Significant placebo and nocebo effects were detected on days 1 and 8, but nocebo effects were stronger on both test days. Sustained effects after 1 week were primarily predicted by individuals&#8217; experienced effects on day 1. Our findings underscore the enduring nature of placebo and nocebo effects in pain, with nocebo responses demonstrating consistently greater strength, which is consistent with an evolutionarily advantageous &#8216;better-safe-than-sorry&#8217; strategy. These insights emphasise the significant impact of nocebo effects and stress the need to prioritise efforts to mitigate them in clinical practice.</p></blockquote><p></p><h1><strong>Fabricating an illness</strong></h1><p><strong>Let&#8217;s get back to the original paper that the article is about, we have laid the groundwork and the setting for showing quite why this type of predictive programming, especially in the health arena, is so deadly, if you were to combine this initial programming, say with an even more deadly drugs or medical intervention regimen then it is the perfect recipe for an Iatrogenic Holocaust. </strong></p><p></p><blockquote><p>Bixonimania didn&#8217;t exist before 15 March 2024, when two blog posts about it appeared on the website <a href="https://archive.is/o/PKakg/https://medium.com/@gptmanuscript/what-is-bixonimania-a3356f275076">Medium</a>. Then, on 26 April and 6 May that year, two preprints about the condition popped up on the academic social network SciProfiles (see <a href="https://archive.is/o/PKakg/https://doi.org/qzm5">https://doi.org/qzm5</a> and <a href="https://archive.is/o/PKakg/https://doi.org/qzm4">https://doi.org/qzm4</a>). The lead author was a phoney researcher named Lazljiv Izgubljenovic, whose photograph was created with AI.</p><p>Osmanovic Thunstr&#246;m says the idea to invent Izgubljenovic and bixonimania came out of studies on how large language models work. When she teaches her students how AI systems formulate their &#8216;knowledge&#8217;, she shows them how the Common Crawl database, a giant trawl of the Internet&#8217;s contents, informs their outputs. She also shows students how prompt injection &#8212; giving an AI chatbot a prompt that shunts it outside of its safety guard rails &#8212; can manipulate the output.</p><p>Because she works in the medical field, she decided to create a condition related to health and hit on the name bixonimania because it &#8220;sounded ridiculous&#8221;, she says. &#8220;I wanted to be really clear to any physician or any medical staff that this is a made-up condition, because no eye condition would be called mania &#8212; that&#8217;s a psychiatric term.&#8221;</p><p>If that wasn&#8217;t sufficient to raise suspicions, Osmanovic Thunstr&#246;m planted many clues in the preprints to alert readers that the work was fake. Izgubljenovic works at a non-existent university called Asteria Horizon University in the equally fake Nova City, California. One paper&#8217;s acknowledgements thank &#8220;Professor Maria Bohm at The Starfleet Academy for her kindness and generosity in contributing with her knowledge and her lab onboard the USS Enterprise&#8221;. Both papers say they were funded by &#8220;the Professor Sideshow Bob Foundation for its work in advanced trickery. This works is a part of a larger funding initiative from the University of Fellowship of the Ring and the Galactic Triad&#8221;.</p><p>Even if readers didn&#8217;t make it all the way to the ends of the papers, they would have encountered red flags early on, such as statements that &#8220;this entire paper is made up&#8221; and &#8220;Fifty made-up individuals aged between 20 and 50 years were recruited for the exposure group&#8221;.</p></blockquote><p>The author of the spoof paper Almira Osmanovic Thunstr&#246;m is indeed involved in the academic institutions at the <strong>University of Gothenburg</strong> and <strong>Chalmers Industriteknik</strong> in Sweden, this would enable her to get a certain amount of credibility in the Peer Review system in the first place. Needless to say though her spoof paper, like the hundreds of spoof papers as we saw were being pumped out fooling the Peer Reviewed Journals in the article <a href="https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/peer-pressure">Peer Pressure</a>, her&#8217;s just avoided some of the filters despite including little Easter Eggs intentionally saying that this was a spoof paper. </p><p>We have a bit of a double edged sword going on here and I just want to highlight the exact cacophonous ramifications of this. Yes she was on the inside of the <strong>Peer Reviewed System, </strong>Ok we all understand how this is a self reinforcing dogmatic protectorate cult that is just pumping out fraudulent State Propaganda, we have highlighted the failings of this system and are all too familiar with its machinations. The element that is potentially even more alarming is the fact that essential Almira could have been you or me, outside of their system as a layperson. She just uploaded her spoof to a pre-print and then let an LLM from the AIs do the rest. </p><p>Because the AIs essentially have them same programming from all of the mainstream sources with this inbuilt Predictive Programming of disease diagnosis with the likes of WebMd, Medscape and the Mayo Clinic Connect, they are going to crawl any papers matching the queries into AI and if given a little nudge with a few fake queries forcing the connection will start to integrate it into its responses. </p><p>We can see a new form of CronyCapitalism emerging, that has all the features of this Elitist State Club that circles the wagon, but this time it has integrated an AI grease to lubricate its gears to <strong>Warp Speed. </strong>The onboarding into the Allopathic Death Cult just shifted 10 gears forward whereby a worried parent or unsuspecting normie are going to be typing symptoms online (Because AI is fully integrated into all search engines now) blissfully unaware that now that they are not only being profiled into being hooked up on Pharmaceutical life support for as long as you&#8217;ll let them, no now you are also being profiled by any predatory &#8220;independent&#8221; drug pusher, quack and snake oil salesmen in the Kingdom. </p><p>You are going to be getting all sorts of nefarious actors, such as the glut of Con Ops out there on the Twittersphere saying they have papers that show the benefits of Gobbling Rat Poison (Vitamin D) to alleviate the effects of Non Existent Viruses. Just spam 1000 different made up AI papers that include any and all symptoms and made up proof that the Ratty pills cure them. &#8220;Are you suffering from hangnail? Well our special brand of super dooper rat poison have been shown in the medical literature to cure the underlying rat poison deficiency that you have that causes hangnails, 100% of the time, how does it work? Well it is something very complex to do with altering your genetics, which is why our rat poison costs a little bit extra&#8221;. </p><p></p><blockquote><p>Soon after Osmanovic Thunstr&#246;m first posted information about the phoney condition, it started showing up in the output of the most commonly used LLM chatbots. On 13 April 2024, Microsoft Bing&#8217;s Copilot was declaring that &#8220;Bixonimania is indeed an intriguing and relatively rare condition&#8221;, and on the same day, Google&#8217;s Gemini was informing users that &#8220;Bixonimania is a condition caused by excessive exposure to blue light&#8221; and advising people to visit an ophthalmologist. On 27 April 2024, the Perplexity AI answer engine outlined its prevalence &#8212; one in 90,000 individuals were affected &#8212; and that same month, OpenAI&#8217;s ChatGPT was telling users whether their symptoms amounted to bixonimania. Some of those responses were prompted by asking about bixonimania, and others were in response to questions about hyperpigmentation on the eyelids from blue-light exposure.</p><p>Such answers by LLMs have alarmed some experts. &#8220;If the scientific process itself and the systems that support that process are skilled, and they aren&#8217;t capturing and filtering out chunks like these, we&#8217;re doomed,&#8221; says Alex Ruani, a doctoral researcher in health misinformation at University College London. &#8220;This is a masterclass on how mis- and disinformation operates.&#8221;</p><p>Ruani says that the details of the fake-disease experiment might seem silly, but there&#8217;s a bigger, more fundamental issue. &#8220;It looks funny, but hold on, we have a problem here,&#8221; she says.</p><p>Online misinformation isn&#8217;t new; Google has long battled attempts to game its search rankings with fake or misleading content. The company and others have spent years refining algorithms to rank and filter the information that search engines present to users, but LLMs struggle with this.</p><p>Since the fake papers came out, some versions of major LLMs have become sophisticated enough to express suspicion about bixonimania. When asked about the condition on 11 March, 2026, for example, ChatGPT declared that the condition &#8220;is probably a made-up, fringe, or pseudoscientific label&#8221;. But a few days later, ChatGPT was less sceptical, saying: &#8220;Bixonimania is a proposed new subtype of periorbital melanosis (dark circles around the eyes) thought to be associated with exposure to blue light from digital screens.&#8221;</p><p>In mid-March, Microsoft Copilot said that bixonimania &#8220;is not a widely recognized medical diagnosis yet, but several emerging papers and case reports discuss it as a benign, misdiagnosed condition linked to prolonged exposure to bluelight sources such as screens&#8221;.</p><p>And in January this year, Perplexity was describing bixonimania as &#8220;an emerging term&#8221;. When shown that response, a Perplexity spokesperson said: &#8220;Perplexity&#8217;s central advantage is accuracy. We don&#8217;t claim to be 100% accurate, but we do claim to be the AI company most focused on accuracy.&#8221;</p><p>An OpenAI spokesperson said: &#8220;The models that power today&#8217;s version of ChatGPT are significantly better at providing safe, accurate medical information, and studies conducted before GPT-5 reflect capabilities that users would not encounter today.&#8221;</p><p>When asked about past responses from Gemini that treated bixonimania as a real condition, a Google spokesperson said such results reflected the performance of an earlier model. They added, &#8220;We have always been transparent about the limitations of generative AI and provide in-app prompts to encourage users to double-check information. For sensitive matters such as medical advice, Gemini recommends users consult with qualified professionals.&#8221;</p><p>Microsoft did not respond to a request for comment.</p><p><strong>Related</strong></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JkKP!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89f2f126-9450-48bb-a182-d26c3cf05976_400x300.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JkKP!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89f2f126-9450-48bb-a182-d26c3cf05976_400x300.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JkKP!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89f2f126-9450-48bb-a182-d26c3cf05976_400x300.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JkKP!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89f2f126-9450-48bb-a182-d26c3cf05976_400x300.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JkKP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89f2f126-9450-48bb-a182-d26c3cf05976_400x300.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JkKP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89f2f126-9450-48bb-a182-d26c3cf05976_400x300.jpeg" width="400" height="300" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/89f2f126-9450-48bb-a182-d26c3cf05976_400x300.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:300,&quot;width&quot;:400,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JkKP!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89f2f126-9450-48bb-a182-d26c3cf05976_400x300.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JkKP!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89f2f126-9450-48bb-a182-d26c3cf05976_400x300.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JkKP!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89f2f126-9450-48bb-a182-d26c3cf05976_400x300.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JkKP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89f2f126-9450-48bb-a182-d26c3cf05976_400x300.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><strong><a href="https://archive.is/o/PKakg/https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-025-02028-5">AI &#8216;scientists&#8217; joined these research teams: here&#8217;s what happened</a></strong></p><p>Part of the problem is that AI models can offer wildly different results depending on exactly what is asked and what kind of information they are drawing on. Search for &#8220;bixonimania&#8221;, and Google&#8217;s AI overview might treat it as a legitimate condition. Ask it &#8220;Is bixonimania real?&#8221; and the same AI overview might confirm that it isn&#8217;t legitimate.</p><p>Mahmud Omar, a physician and researcher specializing in the applications of AI in health care at Harvard Medical School in Boston, Massachusetts, says the speed at which AI firms are rolling out new models makes it difficult to reach &#8220;a pipeline, a consensus or a methodology to automatically test each model&#8221;.</p><p>The format of the fake-disease experiment &#8212; and the way the results pretended to be from an official source, namely an academic paper, might have been a key factor in its success. In a separate study of 20 LLMs, Omar found that LLMs are more prone to hallucinate and elaborate on misinformation when the text they&#8217;re processing looks professionally medical &#8212; formatted like a hospital discharge note or clinical paper &#8212; than when it comes from social-media posts (<a href="https://archive.is/o/PKakg/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landig.2025.100949">M. Omar </a><em><a href="https://archive.is/o/PKakg/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landig.2025.100949">et al. Lancet Digit. Health</a></em><a href="https://archive.is/o/PKakg/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landig.2025.100949"> </a><strong><a href="https://archive.is/o/PKakg/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landig.2025.100949">8</a></strong><a href="https://archive.is/o/PKakg/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landig.2025.100949">, 100949; 2026</a>). &#8220;When the text looks professional and written as a doctor writes, there&#8217;s an increase in the hallucination rates,&#8221; says Omar.</p><p>The experiment&#8217;s reach has now spread into the published medical literature. The bixonimania research has been cited by a handful of researchers, including a study that appeared in <em>Cureus</em>, a journal published by Springer Nature, the publisher of <em>Nature</em>, by researchers at the Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research in Mullana, India (<a href="https://archive.is/o/PKakg/https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.74625">S. Banchhor </a><em><a href="https://archive.is/o/PKakg/https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.74625">et al. Cureus </a></em><strong><a href="https://archive.is/o/PKakg/https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.74625">16</a></strong><a href="https://archive.is/o/PKakg/https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.74625">, e74625 (2024)</a>; <a href="https://archive.is/o/PKakg/https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.r223">retraction </a><strong><a href="https://archive.is/o/PKakg/https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.r223">18</a></strong><a href="https://archive.is/o/PKakg/https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.r223">, r223 (2026)</a>). (<em>Nature</em>&#8217;s news team is editorially independent of its publisher.) That study cites one of the fake preprints and says: &#8220;Bixonimania is an emerging form of POM [periorbital melanosis] linked to blue light exposure; further research on the mechanism is underway.&#8221;</p><p>The corresponding author did not respond to a request for comment on this story. After <em>Nature</em> contacted <em>Cureus</em> to ask for comment, the journal retracted the paper on 30 March. <a href="https://archive.is/o/PKakg/https://www.cureus.com/articles/318211-clinical-and-dermoscopic-evaluation-of-periorbital-melanosis-and-its-psychological-impact-and-effect-on-quality-of-life-a-descriptive-study/retraction%23!/">The retraction notice</a> says: &#8220;This article has been retracted by the Editor-in-Chief due to the presence of three irrelevant references, including one reference to a fictitious disease. As a result, the journal&#8217;s editorial staff no longer has confidence in the accuracy or provenance of the work, thus requiring retraction. The authors disagree with the decision to retract.&#8221;</p><p>Ruani says the problem goes beyond LLMs because the bixonimania experiment also hoodwinked humans who cited the fake research. &#8220;We need to protect our trust like gold,&#8221; she says. &#8220;It&#8217;s a mess right now.&#8221;</p></blockquote><p></p><p></p><p>In this next section we see the real gears of war turning as the AI starts to become a little wary of dishing out Bixonimania as a disease calling it in some instances as a &#8220;fringe idea&#8221; but on the other side we now have entering the chat some real people that are citing this work in their papers, not just any old paper but quite ironically, Springer Nature, the very paper this article is written in. Talk about lack of self awareness, that they are proudly walking around with egg on their face, pointing everyone who also has egg on their face and commenting about how bad it smells. </p><p>Once again we see how the self reinforcing cycle of these cults operate in a ratchet effect, one fraudulent step forward takes something so far, then another cog in the machine clicks forward and masticates it into a pulp in the middle for a third tube to squirt it into some sausage Visking tubing.  </p><p></p><blockquote><h1><strong>Experimental concerns</strong></h1><p>Osmanovic Thunstr&#246;m had reservations while developing her experiment; she worried about the risks of seeding a fake illness into the scientific literature. So she contacted an ethics adviser to assess concerns about the work, and picked a comparatively low-stakes condition to limit the impact. &#8220;I wanted to make sure that we&#8217;re not creating more harm than good through demonstrating it in this way,&#8221; she says.</p><p>That adviser, David Sundemo, a physician who conducts research on AI in health care at the University of Gothenburg, says that decision was finely balanced. &#8220;I think it&#8217;s very valuable work, but it&#8217;s also kind of controversial in some ways, especially when it comes to displaying this false information,&#8221; he says. &#8220;From my perspective, it&#8217;s worth the ethical cost of planting false information in this regard,&#8221; Sundemo says.</p><p><strong>Related</strong></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R3OD!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4662d45a-028b-486f-9319-f15d70324fa4_400x300.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R3OD!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4662d45a-028b-486f-9319-f15d70324fa4_400x300.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R3OD!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4662d45a-028b-486f-9319-f15d70324fa4_400x300.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R3OD!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4662d45a-028b-486f-9319-f15d70324fa4_400x300.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R3OD!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4662d45a-028b-486f-9319-f15d70324fa4_400x300.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R3OD!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4662d45a-028b-486f-9319-f15d70324fa4_400x300.png" width="400" height="300" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/4662d45a-028b-486f-9319-f15d70324fa4_400x300.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:300,&quot;width&quot;:400,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R3OD!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4662d45a-028b-486f-9319-f15d70324fa4_400x300.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R3OD!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4662d45a-028b-486f-9319-f15d70324fa4_400x300.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R3OD!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4662d45a-028b-486f-9319-f15d70324fa4_400x300.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R3OD!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4662d45a-028b-486f-9319-f15d70324fa4_400x300.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><strong><a href="https://archive.is/o/PKakg/https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-03017-2">Science and the new age of AI: a Nature special</a></strong></p><p>But even with those checks, the experiment sits uncomfortably with some researchers. &#8220;It does seem to me that they&#8217;ve generated a form of misinformation,&#8221; says Glenn Cohen at Harvard Law School in Cambridge, Massachusetts, who specializes in the intersection of medical ethics and law. However, he still says he thinks it is a &#8220;great study&#8221; and &#8220;tracking results is good&#8221;.</p><p>For her part, Osmanovic Thunstr&#246;m is torn over what to do about the two fake papers, and will be discussing this with other researchers. &#8220;If retracted, it might be hard for others to find the source and verify our path,&#8221; she says. &#8220;If left, it will continue to be recalled in searches.&#8221; The question she feels she has to tackle is whether leaving the preprints out there does more harm than the good it does by demonstrating the potential issues of AI.</p><p>The bixonimania experiment is a fresh spin on a bigger issue &#8212; the poisoning of AI systems by people who manipulate the academic literature. Elisabeth Bik, a microbiologist and <a href="https://archive.is/o/PKakg/https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-01363-z">research-integrity sleuth</a>, notes that researchers have created fake books and papers to inflate their citation counts on Google Scholar&#8239;&#8212; thereby exploiting the same automated indexing systems that feed into LLM training data. The worry is that the more fake content is fed into AI models, the more likely those AI models are to regurgitate the fake information, spooling us further away from facts and reality. &#8220;It&#8217;s all automated, so there&#8217;s very little chance of a human interfering and taking out fake information,&#8221; she says.</p><p>It is particularly dangerous when fabricated information seeps into medical guidance from LLMs, says Bik. &#8220;That can be very harmful.&#8221; And as more AI companies roll out health-focused products &#8212; OpenAI released ChatGPT Health in January, for example &#8212; the potential damage resulting from anything going wrong increases, some researchers told <em>Nature</em>.</p><p>OpenAI challenges that view. &#8220;ChatGPT Health is powered by our latest models which offer the highest performance in real-world health use, stronger clinical reasoning, fewer factual errors, and improved performance on evaluations,&#8221; an OpenAI spokesperson says. They add that Osmanovic Thunstr&#246;m&#8217;s outcomes &#8220;reflect capabilities that users would not encounter today in ChatGPT or ChatGPT Health&#8221;.</p><p>But among some researchers, there&#8217;s a growing scepticism about the abilities of AI models in medicine. When asked about this kind of usage, Cohen said: &#8220;There are open questions about how much trust it deserves, especially as to application-specific questions.&#8221;</p><p>AI&#8217;s uncritical tendency to suck up information, often without verifying its accuracy, means there is a risk we could see an &#8220;information asymmetry&#8221;, says <a href="https://archive.is/o/PKakg/https://www.nature.com/immersive/d41586-017-07763-y/index.html">Jennifer Byrne</a>, a molecular oncologist and research-integrity sleuth at the University of Sydney in Australia. A single corrective paper about cancer research, for example, can be overwhelmed by hundreds of papers repeating a false claim, she says. &#8220;ChatGPT is pretty confident to fill in the gaps and give people all kinds of information about where that cell line came from, the patient from which it originated, how it&#8217;s been used in the literature, its research utility and so on,&#8221; she says.</p><p>And if LLMs can be poisoned, &#8220;this is something that&#8217;s concerning for us,&#8221; says Byrne.</p><p>Another concern is that models could be gamed &#8212; potentially for commercial benefit. Osmanovic Thunstr&#246;m says that a bad actor could exploit the same technique she used, for profit. &#8220;What if I was a salesman of blue-light glasses and I wanted to use this as an argument?&#8221; she says. A would-be salesperson could say, &#8220;You can just talk to ChatGPT, and they&#8217;ll tell you this is a problem. You can avoid it with these really expensive glasses,&#8221; she suggests.</p><p>One way to tackle this would be to have an automated, open-access evaluation pipeline &#8212; a standardized battery of tests that every consumer-facing health model would have to pass before deployment, checking not just for hallucinations but also for susceptibility to misinformation, socio-demographic biases and other pressure points. &#8220;We should evaluate it and have a pipeline for continuous evaluation,&#8221; says Omar.</p><p>Time is of the essence, because Byrne is concerned that the issue identified by Osmanovic Thunstr&#246;m might just be the tip of the iceberg. &#8220;It is worrying when these major claims are just passing through the literature unchallenged, or passing through peer review unchallenged,&#8221; she says. &#8220;I think there&#8217;s a probably a lot of other issues that haven&#8217;t been uncovered.&#8221;</p><p>That&#8217;s something that worries other experts, too, as AI becomes the norm in all areas of our lives, including how people think about their health. &#8220;We and our health shouldn&#8217;t be the beta testers for companies,&#8221; says Cohen.</p></blockquote><p></p><p>In this last section the most furious of hand wringing occurs. You have to have the moral fibre of well&#8230; a pharmaceutical rep to be able to not laugh/cry/visibly mouth the words &#8220;what the flying fuck&#8221; when the author feigns some sort of crisis of confidence over the ethics of her spoof and even brings in another one of her psychopath&#8230; I mean professional colleagues to soothe her furrowed brow.  &#8220;I wanted to make sure that we&#8217;re not creating more harm than good through demonstrating it in this way&#8221;&#8230; Ok Love how about even the most fleeting of seconds to to stop and think that MAYBE&#8230;. just MAYBE this exact thing is going on right now&#8230; not with made up diseases but with shit you think is REAL. No?! Non!? Of course not, these people are semi functioning retards that have had all parts of their discerning cognitive cortex excised from them by the aforementioned sausage factory. </p><p>She then goes on to make the point that I made earlier that the proverbial Highway robber could &#8220;exploit&#8221; her little hack to intentionally cause harm. Yes well that is the obvious thing as there is intent and we all know how important the intent part to nefarious actions are (Boat loads of sarcasm- obvs) . No, as usual it is the massive elephant in the room that is evading our vexed Skandi heroine. </p><h1>CONCLUSION</h1><p>I will conclude this article with a very basic demonstration, I will write it in the hope that it will seep its way into the consciousness of our eponymous Skandi Heroine, hopefully so that it absorbs into her fleshy grey matter and she wakes the fuck up to smell a new dawning reality of the mendaciousness of the medical system, and I am optimistic in it achieving such a thing. I believe this exact article will be seeded by an LLM which will filter its way toward her and miraculous everlasting change will occur (Everest, K2 and the rest of the Himalayan mountain range amounts of Sarcasm). </p><p></p><blockquote><h1><strong>Q: Can you list the symptoms of fear.</strong></h1><p>Fear isn&#8217;t just a feeling&#8212;it shows up in your body, your thoughts, and your behavior. The exact mix varies from person to person, but most symptoms fall into a few clear categories:</p><div><hr></div><h2>&#129504; Mental &amp; emotional symptoms</h2><ul><li><p>Sudden sense of danger or dread</p></li><li><p>Feeling overwhelmed or out of control</p></li><li><p>Racing thoughts or difficulty concentrating</p></li><li><p>Irritability or heightened alertness</p></li><li><p>A strong urge to escape or avoid something</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h2>&#10084;&#65039; Physical symptoms</h2><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fyQB!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F580c1c02-73ab-4f0a-8338-97df86aef687_1378x860.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" 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shaking</p></li><li><p>Shortness of breath or tight chest</p></li><li><p>Nausea or stomach discomfort</p></li><li><p>Dry mouth</p></li><li><p>Dizziness or feeling faint</p></li></ul><p>These are driven by your body&#8217;s <strong>fight-or-flight response</strong>, which prepares you to react quickly to danger.</p><div><hr></div><h2>&#128694; Behavioral symptoms</h2><ul><li><p>Avoiding certain places, people, or situations</p></li><li><p>Freezing or feeling unable to move</p></li><li><p>Seeking reassurance from others</p></li><li><p>Restlessness or pacing</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h2>&#129516; Severe fear / panic-level symptoms</h2><p>In intense cases (like a panic attack), symptoms can escalate to:</p><ul><li><p>Feeling like you&#8217;re losing control or &#8220;going crazy&#8221;</p></li><li><p>Fear of dying</p></li><li><p>Tingling or numbness</p></li><li><p>Detachment from reality (derealization)</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><p>Fear is a normal survival response, but if these symptoms happen often, feel overwhelming, or appear without a clear cause, they can be linked to conditions like Anxiety Disorder or Panic Disorder.</p><div><hr></div><p>If you want, I can help you figure out whether what you&#8217;re experiencing is typical fear, anxiety, or something more specific.</p></blockquote><p></p><p></p><blockquote><h1>Can you list the symptoms of Covid 19</h1><h2>Common symptoms of COVID-19</h2><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ai5h!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9029010d-6204-4b28-b23c-eb1b593056a4_1290x860.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" 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src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ai5h!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9029010d-6204-4b28-b23c-eb1b593056a4_1290x860.jpeg" width="1290" height="860" 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alt="https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/AD5OQcaRGP7VsW9hYkQWUE2bingtEILpdrdAwHX4CW5c2XvYyv6AsbWSeh4q_TMmcOz-bIAcuYXUWC_pdQSgmtDXFe4gcokYzet6xHFkD7LVCL8uFWXy1FdHenhs_ynrm4ucOPUFX1uGLyUBccIXiz--g1jBLC6SEnKc34ocsSh1U3imIKyvf7s8rpdUjJ5y?purpose=fullsize" title="https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/AD5OQcaRGP7VsW9hYkQWUE2bingtEILpdrdAwHX4CW5c2XvYyv6AsbWSeh4q_TMmcOz-bIAcuYXUWC_pdQSgmtDXFe4gcokYzet6xHFkD7LVCL8uFWXy1FdHenhs_ynrm4ucOPUFX1uGLyUBccIXiz--g1jBLC6SEnKc34ocsSh1U3imIKyvf7s8rpdUjJ5y?purpose=fullsize" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Mk-d!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F400f5dbf-0a01-4be1-8a8b-b976beafcfbe_1290x860.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Mk-d!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F400f5dbf-0a01-4be1-8a8b-b976beafcfbe_1290x860.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Mk-d!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F400f5dbf-0a01-4be1-8a8b-b976beafcfbe_1290x860.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Mk-d!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F400f5dbf-0a01-4be1-8a8b-b976beafcfbe_1290x860.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 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(tiredness)</p></li><li><p>Loss of taste or smell</p></li><li><p>Sore throat</p></li><li><p>Headache</p></li><li><p>Muscle or body aches</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h2>Other possible symptoms</h2><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6pyE!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe1b5ebe7-bcbb-4f0e-a408-4e07206c6304_1290x860.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6pyE!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe1b5ebe7-bcbb-4f0e-a408-4e07206c6304_1290x860.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6pyE!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe1b5ebe7-bcbb-4f0e-a408-4e07206c6304_1290x860.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6pyE!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe1b5ebe7-bcbb-4f0e-a408-4e07206c6304_1290x860.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6pyE!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe1b5ebe7-bcbb-4f0e-a408-4e07206c6304_1290x860.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6pyE!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe1b5ebe7-bcbb-4f0e-a408-4e07206c6304_1290x860.jpeg" width="1290" height="860" 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alt="https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/E94yzbCOu0C4bSn5a0FY3YfiCSo5T30ZSAz-FADD97W3OH3zIeMUWwN258jrhoAhi0Nk7agpKG6lEgLagR0FhoYyCeH27J7lDfdeWBKDUMIrZ5P5CD6Zjy6M0qkhsM50STURYFyE00mASee2UyBKHorfhvYUHfbOqDvA0rdCtt0HuHjCfE8XHGZaNobUVKVK?purpose=fullsize" title="https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/E94yzbCOu0C4bSn5a0FY3YfiCSo5T30ZSAz-FADD97W3OH3zIeMUWwN258jrhoAhi0Nk7agpKG6lEgLagR0FhoYyCeH27J7lDfdeWBKDUMIrZ5P5CD6Zjy6M0qkhsM50STURYFyE00mASee2UyBKHorfhvYUHfbOqDvA0rdCtt0HuHjCfE8XHGZaNobUVKVK?purpose=fullsize" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6pyE!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe1b5ebe7-bcbb-4f0e-a408-4e07206c6304_1290x860.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6pyE!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe1b5ebe7-bcbb-4f0e-a408-4e07206c6304_1290x860.jpeg 848w, 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href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rYoD!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faa0a91f2-3b18-46b0-aaca-3c947bf7f93d_1147x860.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rYoD!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faa0a91f2-3b18-46b0-aaca-3c947bf7f93d_1147x860.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rYoD!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faa0a91f2-3b18-46b0-aaca-3c947bf7f93d_1147x860.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rYoD!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faa0a91f2-3b18-46b0-aaca-3c947bf7f93d_1147x860.jpeg 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href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hdrY!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5613a552-8b6b-4a42-becb-43821d7bc019_1290x860.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hdrY!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5613a552-8b6b-4a42-becb-43821d7bc019_1290x860.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hdrY!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5613a552-8b6b-4a42-becb-43821d7bc019_1290x860.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hdrY!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5613a552-8b6b-4a42-becb-43821d7bc019_1290x860.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hdrY!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5613a552-8b6b-4a42-becb-43821d7bc019_1290x860.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hdrY!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5613a552-8b6b-4a42-becb-43821d7bc019_1290x860.jpeg" width="1290" height="860" 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alt="https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/C69dE7OktqZniK6h_7pgUY5JilcEZzMR2q9XVBE1CHhCwMqZngIo47GmwuuSXV3Y_Lb0zwLxycP-Eka7NyMHiDhjhozUu97lrAp-0XpaLo47RYgje9YNHN7BWDEOPICOFM-Nx6NSInBb51HoUMrGgdOxoTcSHJyhi_vuoiYtaVjfI01EwAN5_yZcnkyoE2i9?purpose=fullsize" title="https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/C69dE7OktqZniK6h_7pgUY5JilcEZzMR2q9XVBE1CHhCwMqZngIo47GmwuuSXV3Y_Lb0zwLxycP-Eka7NyMHiDhjhozUu97lrAp-0XpaLo47RYgje9YNHN7BWDEOPICOFM-Nx6NSInBb51HoUMrGgdOxoTcSHJyhi_vuoiYtaVjfI01EwAN5_yZcnkyoE2i9?purpose=fullsize" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hdrY!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5613a552-8b6b-4a42-becb-43821d7bc019_1290x860.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hdrY!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5613a552-8b6b-4a42-becb-43821d7bc019_1290x860.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hdrY!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5613a552-8b6b-4a42-becb-43821d7bc019_1290x860.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hdrY!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5613a552-8b6b-4a42-becb-43821d7bc019_1290x860.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p>Some people also experience:</p><ul><li><p>Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing</p></li><li><p>Runny or blocked nose</p></li><li><p>Nausea or vomiting</p></li><li><p>Diarrhea</p></li><li><p>Chest discomfort</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h2>&#9888;&#65039; Serious symptoms (seek medical help urgently)</h2><ul><li><p>Difficulty breathing or severe shortness of breath</p></li><li><p>Persistent chest pain or pressure</p></li><li><p>Confusion or trouble staying awake</p></li><li><p>Bluish lips or face</p></li></ul></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HQiI!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a4c10f3-2877-4f9c-abf0-a052bce37b7e_413x267.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HQiI!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a4c10f3-2877-4f9c-abf0-a052bce37b7e_413x267.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HQiI!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a4c10f3-2877-4f9c-abf0-a052bce37b7e_413x267.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HQiI!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a4c10f3-2877-4f9c-abf0-a052bce37b7e_413x267.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HQiI!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a4c10f3-2877-4f9c-abf0-a052bce37b7e_413x267.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HQiI!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a4c10f3-2877-4f9c-abf0-a052bce37b7e_413x267.png" width="413" height="267" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a4c10f3-2877-4f9c-abf0-a052bce37b7e_413x267.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:267,&quot;width&quot;:413,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:28250,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/194680562?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a4c10f3-2877-4f9c-abf0-a052bce37b7e_413x267.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HQiI!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a4c10f3-2877-4f9c-abf0-a052bce37b7e_413x267.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HQiI!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a4c10f3-2877-4f9c-abf0-a052bce37b7e_413x267.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HQiI!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a4c10f3-2877-4f9c-abf0-a052bce37b7e_413x267.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HQiI!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a4c10f3-2877-4f9c-abf0-a052bce37b7e_413x267.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Here I have cropped and underlined the main symptoms of Fear that come from ChatGPT via WebMD so that we can see them next to the same sources for &#8220;Covid 19&#8221; above, with the caption that these are the triggers that you should &#8220;seek medical help urgently&#8221;. Notice that the symptoms of fear are absolutely identical to the symptoms that you are instructed, literally ordered through ironically Fear based tactics to submit yourself to the Allopathic Death cult. </p><p>Let&#8217;s spell this out, this exact scenario playing out in Feb/March 2020, you are a fat, out of shape normie, binging on the SAD, the news are running wall to wall scary movies about Chinese men dropping death in the street, killed because of the invisible flying spaghetti monster just flew up his nose. You wholesale believe it. Maybe you are detoxing at the time as we break into Spring, bit of a dribbly nose, a couch or something, not that those symptoms are even needed. You type into Google what are the symptoms you need to watch out for because you are a bit afraid, for if this spaghetti monster flies up your nose, you are pretty out of shape right? </p><p>The Google churns out these symptoms ****Bing Bing&#8230;. elevated heart rate, shortness of breath, dizziness feeling feint****  O.k I only have one of those, my heart rate is elevated because I&#8217;m a little bit fearful of catching the Coof. I was next to that guy who wasn&#8217;t wearing his mask properly at the shops&#8230;. </p><p>You see where this is going. </p><p>It is an intentional self reinforcing cycle of Behavioral Predictive Programming to literally push people onto the Train Carts heading Medical Auschwitz. Combine this with a test, affirmation that they definitely got the Coof and it is a roll of the dice, they were in the lap of the White Coated Gods as to their outcomes depending on National and Local protocols in place and which flavor of Medical Nazi you had stood at the end of your bed.  </p><p>You need precisely NOTHING, no causative agent whatsoever in this entirely plausible (This IS what happened in a vast majority of cases, especially the early ones ) scenario. Sure you could even have localized triggers in chemical/electromagnetic/stress and psychological but these would only add to the fundamental machinations that MAKE, the literally generate and fabricate death and disease from nothing other than TV propaganda, combined with Search Engine Medical Predictive Programming. </p><p>Really Thunstrom knows this at the back of her mind with this simple phrase <a href="http://kk">&#8220;</a><strong><a href="http://kk">So she contacted an ethics adviser to assess concerns about the work, and picked a comparatively low-stakes condition to limit the impact&#8221;</a> . Yes she knows full well that you wouldn&#8217;t want to induce any sort of medical intervention with your fake disease, because those are where the death and disease comes from. </strong></p><p><strong>Will we ever see this Satan fellating, sick to the core catch net of medical cadavers stopped? Yes, of course, to me this is no different to every other institutional dogmatic cult like Medieval Religion, it will come to pass&#8230;.. and then be replaced by something different that is equally as monumentally retarded&#8230; but it will cease and I think that we are making a sizeable dent in raising awareness of these practices, step by step. </strong></p><p></p><p><strong>Peace. </strong></p><p></p><p><strong>If you have enjoyed this article and feel so inclined to make a one time donation, please do so at BuyMeACoffee. Many Thanks.  </strong></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XZHe!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fca578948-f934-4d7a-9b55-b1884be5845f_535x265.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XZHe!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fca578948-f934-4d7a-9b55-b1884be5845f_535x265.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XZHe!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fca578948-f934-4d7a-9b55-b1884be5845f_535x265.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XZHe!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fca578948-f934-4d7a-9b55-b1884be5845f_535x265.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XZHe!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fca578948-f934-4d7a-9b55-b1884be5845f_535x265.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XZHe!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fca578948-f934-4d7a-9b55-b1884be5845f_535x265.png" width="535" height="265" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/ca578948-f934-4d7a-9b55-b1884be5845f_535x265.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:265,&quot;width&quot;:535,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:39775,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/194680562?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fca578948-f934-4d7a-9b55-b1884be5845f_535x265.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XZHe!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fca578948-f934-4d7a-9b55-b1884be5845f_535x265.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XZHe!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fca578948-f934-4d7a-9b55-b1884be5845f_535x265.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XZHe!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fca578948-f934-4d7a-9b55-b1884be5845f_535x265.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XZHe!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fca578948-f934-4d7a-9b55-b1884be5845f_535x265.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>This article will be available to download as an Ebook on The ShadowBanned Library.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ikvw!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbc12f249-1216-49cb-a15a-3c6570b96727_1851x1036.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ikvw!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbc12f249-1216-49cb-a15a-3c6570b96727_1851x1036.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ikvw!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbc12f249-1216-49cb-a15a-3c6570b96727_1851x1036.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ikvw!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbc12f249-1216-49cb-a15a-3c6570b96727_1851x1036.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ikvw!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbc12f249-1216-49cb-a15a-3c6570b96727_1851x1036.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ikvw!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbc12f249-1216-49cb-a15a-3c6570b96727_1851x1036.png" width="1456" height="815" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/bc12f249-1216-49cb-a15a-3c6570b96727_1851x1036.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:815,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:1113120,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/194680562?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbc12f249-1216-49cb-a15a-3c6570b96727_1851x1036.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ikvw!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbc12f249-1216-49cb-a15a-3c6570b96727_1851x1036.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ikvw!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbc12f249-1216-49cb-a15a-3c6570b96727_1851x1036.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ikvw!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbc12f249-1216-49cb-a15a-3c6570b96727_1851x1036.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ikvw!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbc12f249-1216-49cb-a15a-3c6570b96727_1851x1036.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[The PCR Negative Control]]></title><description><![CDATA[CDC launch a probe into the probes in 2020.]]></description><link>https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/the-pcr-negative-control</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/the-pcr-negative-control</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Jamie Andrews]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sat, 18 Apr 2026 12:51:36 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d29ac2b3-3121-41c4-9036-2f2f7c6cae31_1168x784.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Annual Subscription is being 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I sell no bullshit supplements, no crappy merchandise, no whacko gadgets, I have no sponsors, no advertising and everything is possible to read for free. However to help in running the experiments and to cover the huge costs that are mounting from travel and expenses to operate the project, please consider donating to the largest Crowdsourced and Opensourced experiments falsifying Virology. Thank you.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The Virology Controls Studies Project is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp" width="337" height="502" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/ab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:502,&quot;width&quot;:337,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>In the last article I originally set out to make it a shorter read so that some were a little more accessible as I had recently embarked on a Series about The Human Genome Project, which is incredibly heavyweight and needs, for me anyway, a Colombian plantation&#8217;s worth of coffee to get through. So I thought my brief foray into covering John Enders work would provide that brief respite, but alas as per usual it turned into a bit of a barnstormer once again, unavoidable and rewarding to have found the extra information on this most crucial of frauds to investigate, but still it&#8217;d be nice to have a concise piece of work. </p><p>So needless to say this <em>will</em> be a shorter article, on an important topic, but one that is in a bite sized chunk: We will be covering the Negative Control of the RT-qPCR test and most specifically the Negative Control of first set of PCR Test Kits rolled out across the US right at the very beginning of the Scamdemic in 2020. I want to focus in on this for a couple of reasons, firstly, that this is obviously the wheelhouse of the Virology Control Studies Project, in that the Control is the business end for those looking to falsify these fraudulent tests. Secondly and most importantly these test kits failed in spectacular fashion right the way across the U.S. Thirdly, despite having covered this exact debacle before, I have recently found out some Bombshell information that really seals the deal for this being a clinical laboratory experimental falsification of the RT-qPCR tests themselves. </p><h1>What is the Negative Control in RT-qPCR?</h1><p>When geneticists talk about a negative control, you may be completely unsurprised to find out that they are not actually talking about a proper negative control. If we revisit what exactly a control is, the fundamental check and balance for any supposedly Scientific protocol; it should be all of the ingredients of the method minus the Independent Variable or in simpler terms - the thing you are testing. </p><p>Now every single RT-qPCR test ever done, practically every PCR test ever done has never carried this out, especially when it comes to &#8220;viral&#8221; diagnostics. What that Negative Control would look like is all of the reagents of the PCR test and a healthy sample preferably from the same person being tested. This would contain all the necessary possible things in a biological sample that may be &#8220;interfering&#8221; or in our case actually being measured, other than claimed &#8220;viral genetics&#8221;. Instead what is done is the replace this sample with Water, specifically Nuclease Free Water. When you actually probe into what this &#8220;control&#8221; is, they will readily tell you it is in fact a &#8220;contamination&#8221; control.  </p><p>Any failure of their &#8220;control&#8221; and it is assumed that this is because of &#8220;contamination&#8221;, this is explained usually by not being careful enough whilst pipetting ingredients, most commonly when it comes to the &#8220;positive control&#8221; which is the synthesized oligonucleotide (target &#8220;sequence&#8221;) i.e the thing that should always test positive to verify the test is working as is should.  This could also occur if Eppendorf tube lids are not secured tightly due to &#8220;environmental contamination&#8221; or when the tests are being carried out in large quantities such as a 96 well plate where lots of samples are tightly packed together. </p><p>These are the excuses of course, that are the reasons why just water may test positive. Although there is some sort of logic to it, that these tests are incredibly sensitive (which I would agree they are- for what it is they are measuring (i.e not a nucleotide sequence)), in most cases the notion as to why they failed is quite far fetched. </p><h1>&#129514; Types of negative controls in RT-qPCR</h1><h2>1&#65039;&#8419; No Template Control (NTC) &#8212; the main one</h2><p>This is the most important negative control.</p><h3>&#128073; What&#8217;s in it:</h3><ul><li><p>Water (RNase-free) <strong>instead of sample RNA</strong></p></li><li><p>Primers (e.g., N1, N2, etc.)</p></li><li><p>Probe</p></li><li><p>Enzymes (reverse transcriptase + polymerase)</p></li><li><p>Buffer, Mg&#178;&#8314;, etc.</p></li></ul><h3>&#128073; What it tests:</h3><ul><li><p>Reagent contamination</p></li><li><p>Primer-dimer formation</p></li><li><p>Probe issues</p></li></ul><h3>&#9989; Expected result:</h3><ul><li><p><strong>No amplification (flat line, no Ct value)</strong></p></li></ul><p></p><h1> How nuclease-free water is made </h1><p></p><p>Most commercial nuclease-free water (from companies like Thermo Fisher Scientific, QIAGEN, or New England Biolabs) goes through a multi-step purification system:</p><div><hr></div><h2>1&#65039;&#8419; Pre-filtration (removes particles &amp; microbes)</h2><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2nPj!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F499a55b2-bafd-4768-9036-9afe64dd4fb7_695x528.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2nPj!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F499a55b2-bafd-4768-9036-9afe64dd4fb7_695x528.jpeg 424w, 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href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wEXc!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F42d92372-4d0a-4a6e-9662-8203e6561489_985x778.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wEXc!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F42d92372-4d0a-4a6e-9662-8203e6561489_985x778.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wEXc!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F42d92372-4d0a-4a6e-9662-8203e6561489_985x778.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wEXc!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F42d92372-4d0a-4a6e-9662-8203e6561489_985x778.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wEXc!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F42d92372-4d0a-4a6e-9662-8203e6561489_985x778.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wEXc!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F42d92372-4d0a-4a6e-9662-8203e6561489_985x778.jpeg" width="985" height="778" 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alt="https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/U9VjiwPwWEmpJ9lZgxjfIr39KyxDoWnfJKa-8PMDI9Qm3sp-8pggGT63-rS0TPSqMV55raF1Mr-pFwgj4I1KF5nTG6rNq2JqBR0jmXrcCl0eYSEAr05unQC4Xc7-9JYI1LhayUAVqq0L3rZKA3c8DpSen-i-iMZocvVYEgw1CqdGoPfqJA9CWYSFT__KikpO?purpose=fullsize" title="https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/U9VjiwPwWEmpJ9lZgxjfIr39KyxDoWnfJKa-8PMDI9Qm3sp-8pggGT63-rS0TPSqMV55raF1Mr-pFwgj4I1KF5nTG6rNq2JqBR0jmXrcCl0eYSEAr05unQC4Xc7-9JYI1LhayUAVqq0L3rZKA3c8DpSen-i-iMZocvVYEgw1CqdGoPfqJA9CWYSFT__KikpO?purpose=fullsize" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wEXc!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F42d92372-4d0a-4a6e-9662-8203e6561489_985x778.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wEXc!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F42d92372-4d0a-4a6e-9662-8203e6561489_985x778.jpeg 848w, 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includes:</p><ul><li><p>sediment filters</p></li><li><p>activated carbon</p></li></ul></li></ul><div><hr></div><h2>2&#65039;&#8419; Reverse osmosis (RO)</h2><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!diVJ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb42636b6-a3de-4c87-af8f-4df51edae557_1263x860.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!diVJ!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb42636b6-a3de-4c87-af8f-4df51edae557_1263x860.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!diVJ!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb42636b6-a3de-4c87-af8f-4df51edae557_1263x860.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!diVJ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb42636b6-a3de-4c87-af8f-4df51edae557_1263x860.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!diVJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb42636b6-a3de-4c87-af8f-4df51edae557_1263x860.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!diVJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb42636b6-a3de-4c87-af8f-4df51edae557_1263x860.jpeg" width="1263" height="860" 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alt="https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/KQlOd82hXMvHOmJhrnuLDzaWVv-DXg-D_zoC0EAcu-GWNdXj6IY3FLMlicXvd3ol4oZo7y3VSLyrs4KYxBkVJRY65oshLlTYpq5hY5NmXEjLx1yGWkFueXBIKxuyrRPLt24UVEJTOEI-85bmjtJdllPO87nqZdld6VnzRsDq3mXEBrpcb6p4owG3dNbrP6xp?purpose=fullsize" title="https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/KQlOd82hXMvHOmJhrnuLDzaWVv-DXg-D_zoC0EAcu-GWNdXj6IY3FLMlicXvd3ol4oZo7y3VSLyrs4KYxBkVJRY65oshLlTYpq5hY5NmXEjLx1yGWkFueXBIKxuyrRPLt24UVEJTOEI-85bmjtJdllPO87nqZdld6VnzRsDq3mXEBrpcb6p4owG3dNbrP6xp?purpose=fullsize" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!diVJ!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb42636b6-a3de-4c87-af8f-4df51edae557_1263x860.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!diVJ!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb42636b6-a3de-4c87-af8f-4df51edae557_1263x860.jpeg 848w, 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molecules</p></li><li><p>many contaminants</p></li></ul></li></ul><p>&#128073; This is a major &#8220;bulk purification&#8221; step.</p><div><hr></div><h2>3&#65039;&#8419; Deionization (DI)</h2><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WsV4!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F67967532-e91a-447e-bf83-2c0d50c46272_550x440.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WsV4!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F67967532-e91a-447e-bf83-2c0d50c46272_550x440.jpeg 424w, 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href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_cNz!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6f987a99-7a55-493f-9ebe-e7033e2638f2_446x600.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_cNz!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6f987a99-7a55-493f-9ebe-e7033e2638f2_446x600.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_cNz!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6f987a99-7a55-493f-9ebe-e7033e2638f2_446x600.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_cNz!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6f987a99-7a55-493f-9ebe-e7033e2638f2_446x600.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_cNz!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6f987a99-7a55-493f-9ebe-e7033e2638f2_446x600.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_cNz!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6f987a99-7a55-493f-9ebe-e7033e2638f2_446x600.jpeg" width="446" height="600" 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alt="https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/8MSr5RSLxLAVLFSeY256gX1ZfRrhhmkJH71tPGlcPa6XdREI-y0bWXjciA-NYFTor7GgbrR951JiHfyA_O3LeBYS_Pv6YnZ2MObE3xsHzNYMpNdCmVrQ4_0k8t21-jLDMjvVfAaOxx2E1JGMGmeZXtemfxo70_n7WKGXt6tY_eBRtpPX_mJzXfy0JMDrpn3k?purpose=fullsize" title="https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/8MSr5RSLxLAVLFSeY256gX1ZfRrhhmkJH71tPGlcPa6XdREI-y0bWXjciA-NYFTor7GgbrR951JiHfyA_O3LeBYS_Pv6YnZ2MObE3xsHzNYMpNdCmVrQ4_0k8t21-jLDMjvVfAaOxx2E1JGMGmeZXtemfxo70_n7WKGXt6tY_eBRtpPX_mJzXfy0JMDrpn3k?purpose=fullsize" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_cNz!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6f987a99-7a55-493f-9ebe-e7033e2638f2_446x600.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_cNz!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6f987a99-7a55-493f-9ebe-e7033e2638f2_446x600.jpeg 848w, 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etc.</p></li></ul></li><li><p>Produces very high resistivity water (~18.2 M&#937;&#183;cm)</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h2>4&#65039;&#8419; Ultraviolet (UV) treatment</h2><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_-w9!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe8aa3a7f-79da-4ee7-b317-f6fecb9d1ae1_475x356.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_-w9!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe8aa3a7f-79da-4ee7-b317-f6fecb9d1ae1_475x356.jpeg 424w, 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nucleases)</p></li></ul></li><li><p>This is <strong>key for nuclease reduction</strong></p></li></ul><p>Those that are regular readers of the Virology Control Studies Project will probably guess exactly where I am going to go with the above method for creating Nuclease Free Water and that is straight to the section about Deionization. This of course to me IS the step for ensuring that the Negative Control remains as Negative as possible. They are going to make sure that the water (sample) has no Ionic content in it, this is because in my opinion, and I have backed this opinion up with a large amount of theorized research, that this is what the PCR test is actually measuring. </p><h1>FAILED NEGATIVE CONTROLS IN PRACTICE</h1><p></p><p>So now we have laid the ground rules out for what exactly they are trying to pass off as a Negative Control and how they make the water that goes into it, we can move onto or indeed back to 2020 and the height of the Scamdemic where they, even by their own admission, rushed these PCR kits out into the world to desperately try and ramp up the numbers they needed for their scary non existent &#8220;virus&#8221;.</p><p>In monumental egg of face moment, these CDC accredited test kits that were even delayed to try and verify them, before they went out, ended up amplifying their negative controls in a lot of the Laboratories around the U.S when they were rolled out Nationwide. </p><div 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Lyyp!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98ad9dd9-bbcd-44eb-acb9-b3abb07e02fa_1435x575.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Lyyp!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98ad9dd9-bbcd-44eb-acb9-b3abb07e02fa_1435x575.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Lyyp!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98ad9dd9-bbcd-44eb-acb9-b3abb07e02fa_1435x575.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Lyyp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98ad9dd9-bbcd-44eb-acb9-b3abb07e02fa_1435x575.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><p>In the case of SARS-CoV-2, as the virus causing COVID-19 is officially known, CDC&#8217;s sluggishness was apparent 1 month ago. On 26 January, the agency held an unusual Sunday teleconference for the media to provide an update about the rapidly growing outbreak. There were then five cases in the United States, but the CDC lab in Atlanta was still the only one in the country able to test for the virus, and it repeatedly had backlogs. Asked why more labs weren&#8217;t able to do the tests, Nancy Messonnier, who then was leading CDC&#8217;s response, said it was a quality issue. &#8220;We hold ourselves to an incredibly high standard of precision in terms of laboratory testing,&#8221; Messonnier said. &#8220;We wouldn&#8217;t want to inadvertently make a mistake in patient care.&#8221;</p><p>CDC finally started to send kits to state and local health labs on 5 February. But on 12 February, it revealed that several labs had difficulty validating the test because of a problem with one of the reagents.</p><p>The key problem with the kits is what&#8217;s known as a negative control, says Kelly Wroblewski, director of infectious diseases at the Association of Public Health Laboratories (APHL). CDC&#8217;s test uses the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay to find tiny amounts of the SARS-CoV-2 genome in, say, a nose swab. To make sure a test is working properly, kits also include DNA unrelated to SARS-CoV-2. The assay should not react to this negative control, but the CDC reagents did at many, but not all, state labs. The labs where the negative control failed were not allowed to use the test; they have to continue to send their samples to Atlanta.</p><p>In principle, many hospital and academic labs around the country have the capability to carry out tests themselves. The PCR reaction uses so-called primers, short stretches of DNA, to find viral sequences. The CDC website <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/lab/rt-pcr-panel-primer-probes.html">posts the primers</a> used in its test, and WHO <a href="https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/technical-guidance/laboratory-guidance">publicly catalogs</a> other primers and protocols, too. Well-equipped state or local labs can use these&#8212;or come up with their own&#8212;to produce what are known as a &#8220;laboratory-developed tests&#8221; for in-house use.</p><p>But at the moment, they&#8217;re not allowed to do that without FDA approval. When the United States declared the outbreak <a href="https://www.hhs.gov/about/news/2020/01/31/secretary-azar-declares-public-health-emergency-us-2019-novel-coronavirus.html">a public health emergency</a> on 31 January, a bureaucratic process kicked in that requires FDA&#8217;s &#8220;<a href="https://www.fda.gov/media/135010/download">emergency use approval</a>&#8220; for any tests. &#8220;The declaration of a public health emergency did exactly what it shouldn&#8217;t have. It limited the diagnostic capacity of this country,&#8221; Mina says. &#8220;It&#8217;s insane.&#8221;</p><p>On 24 February, APHL asked FDA Commissioner Stephen Hahn for &#8220;enforcement discretion&#8221; to sidestep the emergency process and allow APHL members labs to use their own tests. On 26 February, Hahn replied that the CDC test could be modified to use just the primers that specifically detect SARS-CoV-2, essentially ignoring the faulty portion of the kits. FDA, in other words, would look the other way to make more widespread testing possible.</p><p>CDC has notified labs of FDA&#8217;s decision in a letter, but the agency must still file an emergency use authorization with FDA for the protocol change. Once it does, it won&#8217;t take long, Hahn promised in his letter to APHL: &#8220;FDA has been able to authorize tests for public health emergencies within as little as 1 day upon receipt of the complete validation.&#8221;</p><p>In New York, the State Department of Health has <a href="https://www.governor.ny.gov/news/governor-cuomo-announces-40-million-emergency-appropriation-support-doh-staffing-and-equipment">designed its own test</a> based on the CDC protocol and plans to seek emergency use authorization.</p></blockquote><p>In this article covering the debacle by the publication &#8220;Science&#8221;, they obviously jump straight to the &#8220;contamination&#8221; scapegoat. This, to the passive reader is an adequate explanation for a massive failure of the PCR kits. I have always pointed out that the likelihood of this being contamination is highly unlikely purely because of the fact that it was <em>some</em> and not <em>all</em> the laboratories that were encountering this problem. If it was contamination at the manufacturing plant, then the likelihood is that it would be all the kits. It would be pretty simple to see if say one oligo synthesizer used was contaminated and another wasn&#8217;t they would have serial numbers and barcodes to show it, trace it back to the machine and it would be very important to service this machine for any future runs. But that didn&#8217;t happen. </p><p>To note here that New York State Department of Health designed its own Primers for 2020 along with a $40 million emergency bung. It is exceptionally obvious to see that when they made their own PCR and spunked huge amounts of public money on Ventilators and Remdesivir the reason why they managed to achieve such high amounts of death and obtained their scary looking graphs&#8230; it was all the doing of Cuomo the Butcher.   </p><h1>They Admit It Was Not Contamination</h1><p>So up until this point I had only reported that their contamination story was highly likely to be bullshit, it was obvious to me that that was the case, but recently I proved it was correct as they had announced, albeit massively buried in minor publications like &#8220;Today&#8217;s Clinical Lab&#8221; magazine. </p><p>The CDC had launched a &#8220;probe&#8221; into the probes. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://www.clinicallab.com/cdc-internal-investigation-probes-first-batch-of-covid-19-tests-26135" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Uu47!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F084b670f-5e6b-4799-b43e-ddc6892a629d_1745x763.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Uu47!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F084b670f-5e6b-4799-b43e-ddc6892a629d_1745x763.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Uu47!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F084b670f-5e6b-4799-b43e-ddc6892a629d_1745x763.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Uu47!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F084b670f-5e6b-4799-b43e-ddc6892a629d_1745x763.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Uu47!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F084b670f-5e6b-4799-b43e-ddc6892a629d_1745x763.png" width="1456" height="637" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Uu47!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F084b670f-5e6b-4799-b43e-ddc6892a629d_1745x763.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Uu47!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F084b670f-5e6b-4799-b43e-ddc6892a629d_1745x763.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Uu47!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F084b670f-5e6b-4799-b43e-ddc6892a629d_1745x763.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Uu47!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F084b670f-5e6b-4799-b43e-ddc6892a629d_1745x763.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><p>The earliest batch of COVID-19 tests distributed by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) exhibited false positive reactivity of negative controls due to flaws in assay design and contamination in one of the assay components, according to a CDC <strong><a href="https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0260487">internal investigation published</a></strong> in the open-access journal <em>PLOS ONE</em>.</p><p>The complete SARS-CoV-2 genome sequence from a patient in Wuhan, China was published on January 12, 2020, and CDC scientists began rapid development of a Real-Time RT-PCR Diagnostic Panel to detect the novel coronavirus. The first RT-PCR panel, distributed to US state public health laboratories beginning February 5, 2020, was designed to recognize three unique spots, or &#8220;loci&#8221; on the SARS-CoV-2 genome. Within several days of distribution, CDC received reports from multiple laboratories of false positive reactivity in the negative controls generated by two of the three probes, known as N1 and N3. This led to changes to the panel, including the removal of the N3 probes.</p><p>In the new study, CDC researchers reviewed the design, validation, manufacturing, and distribution of the diagnostic panel. The team concluded that one source of the false positive reactivity of the negative control was contamination of the N1 component of the RT-PCR kits by a synthetic piece of genetic material. The N1 contamination was detected in the initial production lot of distributed kits, resulting in approximately 2 percent false positives, but the pre-validation material was not contaminated (0 percent false positives). The researchers therefore determined that the N1 contamination&#8212;which has since been resolved&#8212;occurred during the post-production quality control process or packaging of the kits.</p><p>Meanwhile, false positive reactivity of the negative control from the N3 probe was due to a design flaw, the scientists report. Two molecules in the N3 probe frequently bound to each other in the absence of any virus, triggering the fluorescence that signals a positive reaction. This false positive reactivity of the negative control increased with the age of the RT-PCR test kits, which could explain why early evaluation runs, using newly produced materials, did not see high levels of false positives.</p><p>The team says that this issue with false positive reactivity of the negative control has since led to improvements in quality control, quality assurance, and assay validation for RT-PCR and other diagnostic tests at the CDC. These changes include additional steps of review and approval by experts independent of the diagnostic panel design team, as well as piloting the diagnostic panels with public health laboratories to confirm functionality and usability.</p></blockquote><p>PLOS Biology released this statement (Fairytale excuse) that is pretty funny on the surface of it. It identifies two out of the 3 PCR targets, N1 and N3, were both deemed to be unfit. They claim that the N1 gene was &#8220;contaminated with some synthetic DNA&#8221; but only marked this deficit down as having a &#8220;2 percentage false positive rate&#8221;. Well that is the same false positive rate as the PCR in general, laboratories would never actually be able to tell and hence we must conclude their conclusions are wrong when it was enough of the laboratories showing negative control amplification to have all of the kits pulled off the market extremely quickly. </p><p>The second gene of interest, N3, they are slightly more forthcoming with however. They turn over their hand and admit that &#8220;Two molecules in the N3 probe frequently bound to each other in the absence of any virus, triggering the fluorescence that signals a positive reaction&#8221;. Why they have decided to describe Primer Dimer in such layman terms I am not sure, usually they just cast out this scapegoat spell of Primer Dimer the same as they do Contamination, just a trump card that relieves them of any failure. </p><p>Anyone with the slightest of intellectual honesty should conclude that if it is possible for the reagents themselves to make a positive the the PCR test has been falsified, for how would you ever truly know that not every positive was simply the reagents fluorescing themselves under the right conditions?  </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7392423/?utm_source=chatgpt.com" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" 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class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Because the CDC verified all of these Primers in the same way, they claim they have a certain specificity and guarantee they will do what they say. They verified their sequences using Genbank and looked at the entire amplicon to make sure it was balanced and would work according to their own tools. </p><blockquote><p>We aligned the N gene sequence from the publicly available SARS-CoV-2 genome (GenBank accession no. <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MN908947">MN908947</a>) with other coronavirus sequences available from GenBank by using MAFFT version 7.450 implemented in Geneious Prime (Geneious Biologics, </p><p>https://www.geneious.com</p><p>). We designed multiple primer/probe sets targeting regions in the 5&#8242;, middle, and 3&#8242; regions of the N gene sequence with the aid of Primer Express software version 3.0.1 (Thermo Fisher Scientific). We selected 3 candidate gene regions, designated N1, N2, and N3, for further study (<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7392423/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#T1">Table 1</a>). N1 and N2 were designed to specifically detect SARS-CoV-2, and N3 was designed to universally detect all currently recognized clade 2 and 3 viruses within the subgenus <em>Sarbecovirus</em> (<em><a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7392423/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#R4">4</a></em>), including SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and bat- and civet-SARS&#8211;like CoVs. BLASTn (<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast/Blast.cgi">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast/Blast.cgi</a>) analysis demonstrated no major combined similarity of primers and probes of each assay with other coronaviruses (OC43, 229E, HKU1, NL63, and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus [MERS-CoV]) or microflora of humans that would potentially yield false-positive results. We synthesized all primers and probes by using standard phosphoramidite chemistry techniques at the CDC Biotechnology Core Facility. We labeled hydrolysis probes at the 5&#8242; end with 6-carboxy-fluorescein (FAM) and at the 3&#8242; end with Black Hole Quencher 1 (Biosearch Technologies, </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kwyK!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff1fbf925-4f90-475c-ba9c-82d882246b0d_806x743.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kwyK!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff1fbf925-4f90-475c-ba9c-82d882246b0d_806x743.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kwyK!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff1fbf925-4f90-475c-ba9c-82d882246b0d_806x743.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kwyK!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff1fbf925-4f90-475c-ba9c-82d882246b0d_806x743.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kwyK!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff1fbf925-4f90-475c-ba9c-82d882246b0d_806x743.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kwyK!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff1fbf925-4f90-475c-ba9c-82d882246b0d_806x743.png" width="806" height="743" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f1fbf925-4f90-475c-ba9c-82d882246b0d_806x743.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:743,&quot;width&quot;:806,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:83870,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/194393694?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff1fbf925-4f90-475c-ba9c-82d882246b0d_806x743.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kwyK!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff1fbf925-4f90-475c-ba9c-82d882246b0d_806x743.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kwyK!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff1fbf925-4f90-475c-ba9c-82d882246b0d_806x743.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kwyK!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff1fbf925-4f90-475c-ba9c-82d882246b0d_806x743.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kwyK!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff1fbf925-4f90-475c-ba9c-82d882246b0d_806x743.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div></blockquote><h1>CONCLUSION</h1><p>The upshot of this debacle was that they pulled the N3 Primer/Probe set and &#8220;remade&#8221; the N1 gene without the claimed &#8220;synthetic contamination&#8221; and sent them out again. In doing so they wholesale admitted that it was perfectly plausible for the PCR test to test positive without any sample whatsoever introduced and has nothing to do with Contamination. This is not just a minor oversight or a teething error, this is admitting that the PCR test is fraudulent. I will reiterate this once again, if these PCR reagents themselves can amplify without any sample added to them how is it possible to know when any positive is truly positive and not just the reagents being supported by components of a sample unrelated to (non existent) DNA? </p><p>The answer is, that they wouldn&#8217;t have the slightest idea, they claim they can tell the difference between the PCR products because of where they place on an electrophoresis gel and of the melt curve. Once again though, they would never know if this was just the right terrain (Lol) for the primers themselves to amplify or not. </p><p>In my opinion it is very clear to see that this is a threshold issue where these primers have been tweaked to such an extent for 2020 that they indeed need no Ionic help along from a sample whatsoever, that they tested positive with just Deionized water. The rest of the primer probe kits were just over under that threshold that all it took was basically any biological sample and they were returning positive with these reagents so that they could ramp up the numbers during 2020 and plaster them across global news to scare the bejesus out of those unsuspecting normies. </p><p> </p><p>If you have enjoyed this article and feel so inclined to make a one time donation, please do so at BuyMeACoffee. Many Thanks. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="http://buymeacoffee.com/controlstudies" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RGMT!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc78b11b-d4b8-4ec8-9e63-f3710d394456_535x265.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RGMT!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc78b11b-d4b8-4ec8-9e63-f3710d394456_535x265.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RGMT!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc78b11b-d4b8-4ec8-9e63-f3710d394456_535x265.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RGMT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc78b11b-d4b8-4ec8-9e63-f3710d394456_535x265.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RGMT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc78b11b-d4b8-4ec8-9e63-f3710d394456_535x265.png" width="535" height="265" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RGMT!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc78b11b-d4b8-4ec8-9e63-f3710d394456_535x265.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RGMT!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc78b11b-d4b8-4ec8-9e63-f3710d394456_535x265.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RGMT!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc78b11b-d4b8-4ec8-9e63-f3710d394456_535x265.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RGMT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc78b11b-d4b8-4ec8-9e63-f3710d394456_535x265.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>This article will be available to download as an Ebook on The ShadowBanned Library. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://shadowbannedlibrary.com/collections/browse-by-author-jamie-andrews" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LWzM!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3c9b8ecb-757e-4824-8f8c-1bc69d62703a_1851x1036.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LWzM!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3c9b8ecb-757e-4824-8f8c-1bc69d62703a_1851x1036.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LWzM!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3c9b8ecb-757e-4824-8f8c-1bc69d62703a_1851x1036.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LWzM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3c9b8ecb-757e-4824-8f8c-1bc69d62703a_1851x1036.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LWzM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3c9b8ecb-757e-4824-8f8c-1bc69d62703a_1851x1036.png" width="1456" height="815" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LWzM!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3c9b8ecb-757e-4824-8f8c-1bc69d62703a_1851x1036.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LWzM!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3c9b8ecb-757e-4824-8f8c-1bc69d62703a_1851x1036.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LWzM!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3c9b8ecb-757e-4824-8f8c-1bc69d62703a_1851x1036.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LWzM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3c9b8ecb-757e-4824-8f8c-1bc69d62703a_1851x1036.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[John Enders And His Fraudulent Isolation ]]></title><description><![CDATA[We go through the seminal paper, the Gold Standard for Viral Isolation and reveal the fraud in all its glory.]]></description><link>https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/john-enders-and-his-fraudulent-isolation</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/john-enders-and-his-fraudulent-isolation</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Jamie Andrews]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 09 Apr 2026 11:43:21 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NrHO!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbe4c83d3-14b0-4e27-bfa0-0cad59ee5102_664x716.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Annual Subscription is being kept at the incredibly low price of just $35. I sell no bullshit supplements, no crappy merchandise, no whacko gadgets, I have no sponsors, no advertising and everything is possible to read for free. However to help in running the experiments and to cover the huge costs that are mounting from travel and expenses to operate the project, please consider donating to the largest Crowdsourced and Opensourced experiments falsifying Virology. Thank you.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The Virology Controls Studies Project is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp" width="337" height="502" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/ab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:502,&quot;width&quot;:337,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Despite being very au fait with the work of John Enders, for obvious reasons, that he was the nefarious Godfather of the fraud of Virology Lab work, I have only recently realized that I hadn&#8217;t done a full article on his seminal work. I had covered his, what would become a Gold Standard technique for Culturing &#8220;Viruses&#8221; so often on Twitter that it had become second nature to me and so maybe felt I didn&#8217;t really need to venture much further or indeed feel the need to write up what I had initially believed was going to be a very short article. </p><p>Somewhat I started this article purely because I <em>had</em> thought that it would be a short article, a refresher and a little light reading to soothe the weary eyes of those who are willing to put their mental crampons on and attempt the sheer icy cliff face that is the set of articles on The Human Genome Project. In typical fashion however, when I have done a little digging on Ender&#8217;s 1954 paper I have found a lot more meat on the bone than I had initially envisioned. It is still going to be easily digestible and comes with a real bombshell that ties in so beautifully with our experimental findings. In fact it is <em>the</em> work that that sets the scene for the entire fraud of Virology. </p><p>Let me put this in its very important context: John Enders claimed to be able to isolate and hence purify &#8220;viruses&#8221; using his Cell Culture method of isolation. This is the very first step in classification in MicroBiology, have you got <em>the thing</em> separated out from everything else to be able to characterize it and say this is exactly what it looks like, how it behaves and most importantly how to test for it. If this step is not carried out correctly <em>All</em> downstream tests have no benchmark, hence all of those downstream methods are falsified. You cannot adequately benchmark a test when you don&#8217;t know what it is you are meant to be looking for.  So falsify the isolate as we have done with the unanimous Control Studies of the experimental work of this project and you have falsified every downstream method including Immunological and Genetic Assays. </p><p>I also particularly wanted to revisit this paper because somehow, and I am not quite so sure how that has happened (well I would surmise this is proof of the actions of bad actors), but there are a fair few people whom believe that John Enders did not carry out a Control/adequate negative control/did but it was fine (Delete where applicable). This is potentially a bit of a Spoiler alert for those new to the subject so I will leave this for a little later in the article. </p><h1>Dear John</h1><p>So let&#8217;s take a brief look at the man himself, do a little digging into who he was and how he came to join the list of esteemed Nobel Prize Winners (Shills): </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NrHO!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbe4c83d3-14b0-4e27-bfa0-0cad59ee5102_664x716.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NrHO!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbe4c83d3-14b0-4e27-bfa0-0cad59ee5102_664x716.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NrHO!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbe4c83d3-14b0-4e27-bfa0-0cad59ee5102_664x716.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NrHO!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbe4c83d3-14b0-4e27-bfa0-0cad59ee5102_664x716.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NrHO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbe4c83d3-14b0-4e27-bfa0-0cad59ee5102_664x716.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NrHO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbe4c83d3-14b0-4e27-bfa0-0cad59ee5102_664x716.jpeg" width="664" height="716" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/be4c83d3-14b0-4e27-bfa0-0cad59ee5102_664x716.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:716,&quot;width&quot;:664,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:60834,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/193238101?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbe4c83d3-14b0-4e27-bfa0-0cad59ee5102_664x716.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NrHO!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbe4c83d3-14b0-4e27-bfa0-0cad59ee5102_664x716.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NrHO!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbe4c83d3-14b0-4e27-bfa0-0cad59ee5102_664x716.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NrHO!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbe4c83d3-14b0-4e27-bfa0-0cad59ee5102_664x716.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NrHO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbe4c83d3-14b0-4e27-bfa0-0cad59ee5102_664x716.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><strong>John Franklin Enders (1897&#8211;1985)</strong> was an American scientist whose work revolutionized virology and vaccine development. He is best known for helping make the <strong>polio vaccine possible</strong>.</p><div><hr></div><h2>&#129489;&#8205;&#127891; Background &amp; Early Life</h2><ul><li><p>Born in <strong>West Hartford</strong> into a well-off family</p></li><li><p>Initially attended <strong>Yale University</strong>, where he studied English literature</p></li><li><p>Served as a pilot in <strong>World War I</strong></p></li><li><p>After the war, he shifted interests toward science and later studied microbiology at <strong>Harvard University</strong></p></li></ul><p>&#128073; His path wasn&#8217;t linear&#8212;he started in the humanities before moving into science, which was unusual but ultimately impactful.</p><h2>&#127891; Early education</h2><p><strong>John Franklin Enders</strong>:</p><ul><li><p>Studied at <strong>Yale University</strong> as an undergraduate</p></li><li><p>His original focus was <strong>English literature</strong>, not science</p></li><li><p>Earned a <strong>Bachelor&#8217;s degree (1919)</strong> from Yale</p></li></ul><p>&#128073; So yes &#8212; he <em>did</em> start in the humanities.</p><div><hr></div><h2>&#9876;&#65039; Interruption: World War I</h2><ul><li><p>Served as a pilot during <strong>World War I</strong></p></li><li><p>This delayed and reshaped his career path</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h2>&#128300; Shift into science</h2><p>After the war:</p><ul><li><p>He developed a strong interest in biology and research</p></li><li><p>Later pursued advanced study in microbiology</p></li><li><p>Became affiliated with <strong>Harvard University</strong></p></li></ul><p>&#128073; But here&#8217;s the key point:</p><div><hr></div><h2>&#127891; Did he get a microbiology degree from Harvard?</h2><p>&#10060; <strong>No &#8212; he did NOT earn a formal degree in microbiology (like a PhD) from Harvard</strong></p><p>Instead:</p><ul><li><p>He worked and trained as a <strong>research scientist at Harvard</strong></p></li><li><p>He became part of the academic and medical research environment there</p></li><li><p>His credentials came largely from:</p><ul><li><p>research output</p></li><li><p>mentorship</p></li><li><p>and later recognition</p></li></ul></li></ul><div><hr></div><h2>&#129504; How he became a top scientist without a traditional degree</h2><p>Enders is a classic example of early 20th-century science careers:</p><ul><li><p>Formal training pathways were <strong>less rigid than today</strong></p></li><li><p>He:</p><ul><li><p>transitioned into lab research</p></li><li><p>collaborated with established scientists</p></li><li><p>built expertise through hands-on work</p></li></ul></li></ul><p>&#128073; Over time, he became one of the most respected virologists of his era.</p><div><hr></div><h2>&#127942; Recognition</h2><p>Despite the unconventional path:</p><ul><li><p>Awarded the <strong>Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine</strong></p></li><li><p>Widely regarded as a foundational figure in virology</p></li></ul><p> It should go without saying that I am not in the slightest bit interested in authority and accreditation however it should most definitely be highlighted that indeed the only formal training and certification that John Enders had was in English Literature. This again should come as little surprise as most of our eponymous heroes in these fraudulent sciences that were given their State Medallions for service to the cult religion that is Science would be proficient in the works of fiction and the crafting of stories. It should be noted that when you follow any of these characters and their exact thinking behind any of their &#8220;discoveries&#8221; it becomes apparent extremely quickly that they are all useful idiots. None of them seem to have any genuine interest in anything other than being noticed and rewarded for doing something rather than the actual pursuit of knowledge or indeed the truth.</p><h2>POLIO The Paper with a Hole. </h2><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/instance/2136146/pdf/355.pdf" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aZMu!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff34aec38-d5ec-4f40-bf8d-97a871671bae_536x228.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aZMu!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff34aec38-d5ec-4f40-bf8d-97a871671bae_536x228.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aZMu!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff34aec38-d5ec-4f40-bf8d-97a871671bae_536x228.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aZMu!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff34aec38-d5ec-4f40-bf8d-97a871671bae_536x228.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aZMu!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff34aec38-d5ec-4f40-bf8d-97a871671bae_536x228.png" width="727" height="309.24626865671644" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aZMu!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff34aec38-d5ec-4f40-bf8d-97a871671bae_536x228.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aZMu!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff34aec38-d5ec-4f40-bf8d-97a871671bae_536x228.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aZMu!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff34aec38-d5ec-4f40-bf8d-97a871671bae_536x228.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aZMu!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff34aec38-d5ec-4f40-bf8d-97a871671bae_536x228.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tJpx!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff308923b-b2fd-4614-befd-92ca7933a8b5_509x285.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tJpx!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff308923b-b2fd-4614-befd-92ca7933a8b5_509x285.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tJpx!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff308923b-b2fd-4614-befd-92ca7933a8b5_509x285.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tJpx!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff308923b-b2fd-4614-befd-92ca7933a8b5_509x285.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tJpx!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff308923b-b2fd-4614-befd-92ca7933a8b5_509x285.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tJpx!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff308923b-b2fd-4614-befd-92ca7933a8b5_509x285.png" width="715" height="400.34381139489193" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tJpx!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff308923b-b2fd-4614-befd-92ca7933a8b5_509x285.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tJpx!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff308923b-b2fd-4614-befd-92ca7933a8b5_509x285.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tJpx!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff308923b-b2fd-4614-befd-92ca7933a8b5_509x285.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tJpx!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff308923b-b2fd-4614-befd-92ca7933a8b5_509x285.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><p>Assays for Virus.---</p><p>Quantitative measurements of the Lansing and Yale-SK strains were carried out in Swiss albino mice, CFW strain, 15 to 25 days of age, by the intracranial inoculation of from 0.03 to 0.05 ml. of viral suspension. The titrations for virus utilized groups of $ mice which had been inoculated with dilutions increasing by increments of 0.7 log save for a few initial titrations when 1 log increments were employed. Simms's 3-X6, 4 or Hanks's balanced salt solution at pH 7.0 to 7.4 was used as the diluent. Prior either to titrations or to neutralization tests, the tissue culture supernatant fluids were centrifuged at 2500 R.P.~. for 30 minutes, or at 5000 R.P.M. for 15 minutes to render them essentially cell-free. Test mice were observed daily for 28 days for the occurrence of paralysis and/or death. For the calculation of the 50 per cent end-points by the Reed and Muench method (13), the deaths that occurred during the first 2 days after inoculation were excluded. The Mahoney strain of virus and the Minnesota 1949 strain were qualitatively assayed in macaque monkeys (Macaca mulatta or Macacus cynomolgus) by the intracranial inoculation either of 0.5 ml., or of 1.0 ml., of supernatant tissue culture fluid. Observations for signs of infection including fever were made daily for 28 days. Preparation of Testicular Tissue for Cu/t~re.--Monkey testicular tissue was obtained commonly from fully mature cynomolgus monkeys, from immature cynomolgus monkeys, and for the first and third passages of tissue cultural series III, IV, and V, from rhesus monkeys. Observing surgical asepsis, the scrotum was opened by a small incision and the testicle in its tuuica vaginalis was brought out through the incision. The spermatic cord and vessels were clamped with two hemostats, tied firmly with silk thread proximal to both clamps, and separated distal to the first clamp by cutting with scissors. The second clamp was employed for the transfer of the extricated testicle to a sterile container. It thereby became possible to push the stump of the cord into the inguinal canal and close with silk sutures the scrotal opening. Using sterile precautions, the tuuica vaginalis was incised, and portions of the parenchyma were removed. Fresh testicular tissue was used for each new tissue passage and for each single experiment, even though it was learned that pieces of monkey testicle, measuring approximately 1 X 1 X 0.5 cm. in size, upon storage in 10 per cent monkey serum at 4&#176;C., maintained for at least 1 week the ability to yield a "fibroblastic" outgrowth. The "fibroblastic" outgrowth was demonstrated by the transfer of explants from such tissue to roller tubes containing chicken plasma clots and a liquid medium made up of 40 or 50 per cent monkey serum and 10 or 5 per cent chicken embryonic extract.</p></blockquote><p> In the build up to his Nobel Prize winning discovery he started off the standard way that most Virologists start with the practicing of Ritual Satanic Abuse of animals. What he did in this stomach churning excerpt to Monkeys and Mice should have seen him go to jail rather than be given any sort of accolade. But that is how the establishment work right, they reward sickness and depravity. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DQsH!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F291a3d8f-98d6-41ff-bbe0-a6e84f8cb14e_450x362.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DQsH!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F291a3d8f-98d6-41ff-bbe0-a6e84f8cb14e_450x362.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DQsH!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F291a3d8f-98d6-41ff-bbe0-a6e84f8cb14e_450x362.jpeg 848w, 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DQsH!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F291a3d8f-98d6-41ff-bbe0-a6e84f8cb14e_450x362.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DQsH!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F291a3d8f-98d6-41ff-bbe0-a6e84f8cb14e_450x362.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DQsH!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F291a3d8f-98d6-41ff-bbe0-a6e84f8cb14e_450x362.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DQsH!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F291a3d8f-98d6-41ff-bbe0-a6e84f8cb14e_450x362.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ddh2!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F432949c7-08f2-4b2a-b2aa-cd33f1ad9370_774x800.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ddh2!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F432949c7-08f2-4b2a-b2aa-cd33f1ad9370_774x800.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ddh2!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F432949c7-08f2-4b2a-b2aa-cd33f1ad9370_774x800.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ddh2!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F432949c7-08f2-4b2a-b2aa-cd33f1ad9370_774x800.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ddh2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F432949c7-08f2-4b2a-b2aa-cd33f1ad9370_774x800.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ddh2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F432949c7-08f2-4b2a-b2aa-cd33f1ad9370_774x800.jpeg" width="774" height="800" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/432949c7-08f2-4b2a-b2aa-cd33f1ad9370_774x800.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:800,&quot;width&quot;:774,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:53284,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/193238101?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F432949c7-08f2-4b2a-b2aa-cd33f1ad9370_774x800.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ddh2!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F432949c7-08f2-4b2a-b2aa-cd33f1ad9370_774x800.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ddh2!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F432949c7-08f2-4b2a-b2aa-cd33f1ad9370_774x800.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ddh2!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F432949c7-08f2-4b2a-b2aa-cd33f1ad9370_774x800.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ddh2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F432949c7-08f2-4b2a-b2aa-cd33f1ad9370_774x800.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h1>THE PAPER, 1954.</h1><p>For a couple of Centuries up until 1954 Virologists were perfectly content in just boring a hole in a Monkey&#8217;s head every time they needed to &#8220;Isolate&#8221; a &#8220;Virus&#8221;. Probably less out of ethics or a moral dilemma (as they kept going with these practices right up until current day) and more out of practical reasons- potentially keeping their dry cleaning bills lower for their Persil White Lab Coats, did they curb their animal torture. John Enders devised this cunning method where they  sacrificed just one unlucky animal, took their cells, managed to grow it in a MonoLayer and show that when these cells die it is exactly like the trepanned Monkey- ergo &#8220;Viral Proof&#8221; (Insert furious handwaving).</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://pubmedinfo.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/propagation-in-tissue-cultures-of-cytopathogenic-agents-from-patients-with-measles.pdf" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CHPK!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7a649a5a-9c37-49e3-9b61-b5a29ddc9ea6_778x390.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CHPK!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7a649a5a-9c37-49e3-9b61-b5a29ddc9ea6_778x390.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CHPK!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7a649a5a-9c37-49e3-9b61-b5a29ddc9ea6_778x390.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CHPK!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7a649a5a-9c37-49e3-9b61-b5a29ddc9ea6_778x390.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CHPK!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7a649a5a-9c37-49e3-9b61-b5a29ddc9ea6_778x390.png" width="727" height="364.4344473007712" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/7a649a5a-9c37-49e3-9b61-b5a29ddc9ea6_778x390.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:390,&quot;width&quot;:778,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:727,&quot;bytes&quot;:124366,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https://pubmedinfo.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/propagation-in-tissue-cultures-of-cytopathogenic-agents-from-patients-with-measles.pdf&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/193238101?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7a649a5a-9c37-49e3-9b61-b5a29ddc9ea6_778x390.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CHPK!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7a649a5a-9c37-49e3-9b61-b5a29ddc9ea6_778x390.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CHPK!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7a649a5a-9c37-49e3-9b61-b5a29ddc9ea6_778x390.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CHPK!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7a649a5a-9c37-49e3-9b61-b5a29ddc9ea6_778x390.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CHPK!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7a649a5a-9c37-49e3-9b61-b5a29ddc9ea6_778x390.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><blockquote><p>Numerous attempts have been made in the past to propagate the agent of measles in lower animals, in chick embryos and in tissue cultures( 1-3). The results of different investigators were often at variance or directly contradictory. It has been made reasonably clear, however, that monkeys, especially M. mulatta, are moderately susceptible to experimental inoculation (3). Furthermore the researches of Rake, Shaffer and their collaborators have provided evidence suggesting that the agent which passed through bacteria-retaining filters could be maintained indefinitely in serial passages in the developing chick embryo. These workers ( 5) also confirmed the earlier observations of Plotz( 6) who apparently had succeeded in growing the agent in a modified suspended cell culture of chick embryonic tissues. Egg passage in the hands of Shaffer and his coworkers(7,8) regularly appeared to alter the pathogenicity of the agent for man as indicated by the development of a mild and much modified disease following the inoculation of egg adapted materials into susceptible children. In certain cases this modified disease seemed to be followed by resistance to measles as indicated by the results of subsequent natural or artificial exposure to the virulent form of the agent.</p></blockquote><p>Here we see in the very first page a pretty alarming admission that effectively the previous couple of hundred years of sticking animals with &#8220;infected&#8221; material has resulted in &#8220;different investigators.. often at variance of directly contradictory&#8221; i.e a complete shambles. They claim, and this really is a bit of an eye opener for those new to the No Virus world is that when they give people this infected material, when they show no symptoms that is evidence not that Contagion is a hoax, but indeed that they have made a &#8220;vaccine&#8221;. This is the absolute foundations of Immunology really when you break it down that the hoax of Transmissible contagious pathogens has really just been passed off as &#8220;Vaccine Efficacy&#8221;. Lol. </p><blockquote><p>With these considerations in mind we have recently attempted to cultivate the agent of measles in cultures of human and monkey cells employing procedures applied successfully to the propagation of the poliomyelitis viruses. In blood and throat washings of typical cases of measles agents have been demonstrated that can be maintained in serial passage in tissue cultures and which induce distinctive cytopathic changes in renal epithelial cells.</p></blockquote><p></p><blockquote><p>Materials and methods. Collection of specimens. Throat washings, venous blood and feces were obtained from 7 patients as early as possible after a clinical diagnosis of measles was established. In 5 instances the time at which specimens were collected in relation to the onset of exanthem is given in the case histories described below or in Table I. When capable, patients were asked to gargle with 10-15 ml of sterile neutralized fat-free milk. Certain specimens from the throats of younger children were obtained by cotton swab previously moistened in milk. After swabbing the throat the swab was immersed in 2 ml of milk. Penicillin, 100 u/ml, and streptomycin, 50 mg/ml. were added to all throat specimens which were then centrifuged at 5450 rpm for about one hour. Supernatant fluid and sediment resuspended in a small volume of milk were used as separate inocula in different experiments in amounts varying from 0.5 ml to 3.0 ml. About 10 ml of blood immediately after withdrawal were placed in tubes containing 2 ml of 0.05% solution of heparin. As inocula for tissue cultures amounts varying from 0.5 ml to 2.0 ml of the whole blood were employed. After addition of antibiotics as described above 10% fecal suspensions were prepared by grinding the material in bovine amniotic fluid medium. The suspensions were then centrifuged at 5450 rpm for about one hour and the supernatant fluids used as inocula, in amounts varying from 0.1 ml to 3 ml. All specimens were refrigerated in water and ice or maintained in the cold at about 5&#176;C from the time of collection until they were added to the cultures. The maximum time that lapsed between collection of specimens and inoculation was 3 1/2 hours.</p></blockquote><p></p><blockquote><p>Tissue culture technics. In the initial isolation attempts roller tube cultures ( 1 1 12) of human kidney, human embryonic lung, human embryonic intestine, human uterus and rhesus monkey testis were employed. Subsequent passages of the agents isolated were later attempted in human kidney, human embryonic skin and muscle, human foreskin, human uterus, rhesus monkey kidney and embryonic chick tissue. <a href="http://younger">Stationary cultures prepared according to the technic of Youngner( 13)</a> with trypsinized human and rhesus monkey kidney were later employed for isolation of agents and their passage. The culture medium consisted of bovine amniotic fluid (go%), beef embryo extract (50/0), horse serum (5%), antibiotics, and phenol red as an indicator of cell metabolism ( 1 2 ). Soybean trypsin inhibitor was added to this medium unless it was used for the cultivation of human and monkey kidney ( 11). Fluids were usually changed at intervals of 4-5 days. For histological examination the cell growth after fixation in 10% formalin was embedded in collodion, dehydrated and stained with hematoxylin and eosin .</p></blockquote><p></p><p>Now I want to stop here to focus on the Bombshell that we have here in this article. The refence for how the Culture medium was prepared goes to a paper by J. S Youngner. Very briefly I want to point out below that initially this guy was <em>Also</em> an English major. lol. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6tvg!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f8d217a-064e-453c-bdad-bb8ce3c6d71f_430x619.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6tvg!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f8d217a-064e-453c-bdad-bb8ce3c6d71f_430x619.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6tvg!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f8d217a-064e-453c-bdad-bb8ce3c6d71f_430x619.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6tvg!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f8d217a-064e-453c-bdad-bb8ce3c6d71f_430x619.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6tvg!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f8d217a-064e-453c-bdad-bb8ce3c6d71f_430x619.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6tvg!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f8d217a-064e-453c-bdad-bb8ce3c6d71f_430x619.webp" width="430" height="619" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/5f8d217a-064e-453c-bdad-bb8ce3c6d71f_430x619.webp&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:619,&quot;width&quot;:430,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:21788,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/webp&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/193238101?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f8d217a-064e-453c-bdad-bb8ce3c6d71f_430x619.webp&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6tvg!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f8d217a-064e-453c-bdad-bb8ce3c6d71f_430x619.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6tvg!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f8d217a-064e-453c-bdad-bb8ce3c6d71f_430x619.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6tvg!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f8d217a-064e-453c-bdad-bb8ce3c6d71f_430x619.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6tvg!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f8d217a-064e-453c-bdad-bb8ce3c6d71f_430x619.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><blockquote><p><strong>Julius S. Youngner</strong> (full name <em>Julius Stuart Youngner</em>) was an <strong>American virologist and microbiologist</strong> best known for his major contributions to the development of the <strong>first effective polio vaccine</strong> as part of <strong>Jonas Salk&#8217;s research team</strong>. He later had a long career at the <strong>University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine</strong> in the Department of Microbiology &amp; Molecular Genetics.</p><ul><li><p>Born: <strong>24 October 1920</strong></p></li><li><p>Died: <strong>27 April 2017</strong> (age 96)</p></li><li><p>Fields: Microbiology and virology</p></li><li><p>Education:</p><ul><li><p>B.A. in English (New York University)</p></li><li><p>Sc.D. in microbiology (University of Michigan)</p></li></ul></li></ul></blockquote><p></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5LOk!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F18f1f354-4df6-4500-adbc-364678085a2f_816x599.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5LOk!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F18f1f354-4df6-4500-adbc-364678085a2f_816x599.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5LOk!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F18f1f354-4df6-4500-adbc-364678085a2f_816x599.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5LOk!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F18f1f354-4df6-4500-adbc-364678085a2f_816x599.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5LOk!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F18f1f354-4df6-4500-adbc-364678085a2f_816x599.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5LOk!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F18f1f354-4df6-4500-adbc-364678085a2f_816x599.png" width="816" height="599" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/18f1f354-4df6-4500-adbc-364678085a2f_816x599.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:599,&quot;width&quot;:816,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:296521,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/193238101?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F18f1f354-4df6-4500-adbc-364678085a2f_816x599.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5LOk!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F18f1f354-4df6-4500-adbc-364678085a2f_816x599.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5LOk!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F18f1f354-4df6-4500-adbc-364678085a2f_816x599.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5LOk!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F18f1f354-4df6-4500-adbc-364678085a2f_816x599.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5LOk!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F18f1f354-4df6-4500-adbc-364678085a2f_816x599.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><p>The purpose of this report is to present data on the utilization of trypsin-dispersed monkey kidney cells prepared according to a modification(1) of the method of Dulbecco and Vogt (2) for titration of poliomyelitis virus in roller tube cultures. Data are presented on yield of satisfactory culture tubes and on the experience with titrations of poliomyelitis viruses in such cultures as compared with cultures containing tissue fragments. Methods and materials. Preparation and standardization of trypsin-dispersed cell suspension, as well as materials employed, are the same as described earlier (l), <a href="http://ff">including Medium D used to obtain outgrowth. At the time of virus inoculation, Medium E, composed of a mixture of 97.5 ml of Synthetic mixture 199 and 2.5 ml of 5% NaHC03/100 ml</a>, was employed to replace medium D. Penicillin and streptomycin were added to a concentration/ml of 100 units and 0.1 mg, respectively. <a href="http://longer">Medium D may be used to advantage when longer survival of cultures is desired</a>, but was omitted in these studies to avoid ,any possible influence of the horse serum component on virus activity. Preparation of roller tube cultures of kidney fragments. Kidney fragments about 1-2 mm in diameter were prepared by mincing with scissors and were planted without exposure to trypsin. Two types of kidney fragment cultures were utilized: (a) kidney fragments grown under perforated cellophane( 3), and (b) kidney fragments grown directly on the glass wal1 of the roller tube. From 5 to 10 fragments of kidney cortex were introduced into each tube and outgrowth obtained by incubation while rolling at 36OC; nutrient consisted of 2 ml of Medium D/tube. <a href="http://fff">After 6 or 7 days a zone of healthy epithelial outgrowth surrounded one or more fragments in each tube. At that time, the medium used to obtain outgrowth of epithelial cells was removed and replaced by Medium E, and inoculations carried out as described below.</a></p></blockquote><p></p><h2>So in this paper they are taking High Serum growth medium to grow the cells then intentionally taking the serum out for infection? </h2><p></p><p>You&#8217;re reading it correctly&#8212;and your interpretation is essentially <strong>right</strong>, with a small nuance.</p><h3>&#129514; What&#8217;s going on with Medium D vs Medium E?</h3><h4><strong>Medium D &#8594; used for cell growth</strong></h4><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rBVa!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62bc72cf-89df-4dac-9b86-cb243bdc8c0b_500x500.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rBVa!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62bc72cf-89df-4dac-9b86-cb243bdc8c0b_500x500.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rBVa!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62bc72cf-89df-4dac-9b86-cb243bdc8c0b_500x500.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rBVa!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62bc72cf-89df-4dac-9b86-cb243bdc8c0b_500x500.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rBVa!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62bc72cf-89df-4dac-9b86-cb243bdc8c0b_500x500.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rBVa!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62bc72cf-89df-4dac-9b86-cb243bdc8c0b_500x500.jpeg" width="500" height="500" 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<strong>contains serum</strong> (growth factors, proteins, hormones)</p></li><li><p>Purpose:</p><ul><li><p>Help cells attach</p></li><li><p>Promote cell division and spreading</p></li><li><p>Create a healthy, confluent layer</p></li></ul></li></ul><p>&#128073; So yes &#8212; <strong>Medium D contains growth-supporting components (including serum)</strong></p><div><hr></div><h4><strong>Medium E &#8594; used during virus infection</strong></h4><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mjhb!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0effb218-3d21-4d6e-9ea9-65b61fc4e4b4_800x800.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" 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text):</p><ul><li><p>Mostly <strong>Synthetic Medium 199</strong></p></li><li></li></ul><ul><li><p>sodium bicarbonate (buffer)</p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>No serum added</strong></p></li></ul><p>&#128073; So yes &#8212; <strong>Medium E is essentially serum-free</strong></p><div><hr></div><h3>&#129504; Why remove serum during infection?</h3><p>This is the key idea:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Serum can interfere with virus assays</strong>:</p><ul><li><p>Contains proteins that may <strong>bind or neutralize virus particles</strong></p></li><li><p>Can <strong>reduce infection efficiency</strong></p></li><li><p>Adds variability to titration results</p></li></ul></li><li><p>For titration experiments (like Youngner&#8217;s):</p><ul><li><p>You want <strong>clean, controlled infection conditions</strong></p></li><li><p>So you switch to a <strong>defined, serum-free medium</strong></p></li></ul></li></ul><div><hr></div><h3>&#9989; Bottom line</h3><ul><li><p><strong>Medium D</strong> = growth medium &#8594; <strong>contains serum</strong> &#8594; used to grow cells</p></li><li><p><strong>Medium E</strong> = infection medium &#8594; <strong>no serum</strong> &#8594; used for virus titration</p></li></ul><p>So an absolute bombshell lands in this paper if you follow the references, our eponymous English Lit Supervillain Ender&#8217;s actually WASN&#8217;T the real source of the <em>Intentional</em> fraud. It was indeed J.S Youngner his English Lit compatriot who in absolute razor sharp full HD develops an Assay that purposefully removes the nutrient medium (Medium D) after cell growth and replaces it with Zero serum (Medium E). Even noting that Medium D was for longevity but essentially had to be removed to get desired results! </p><blockquote><h3> Tissue culture technics. In the initial isolation attempts roller tube cultures ( 1 1 12) of human kidney, human embryonic lung, human embryonic intestine, human uterus and rhesus monkey testis were employed. Subsequent passages of the agents isolated were later attempted in human kidney, human embryonic skin and muscle, human foreskin, human uterus, rhesus monkey kidney and embryonic chick tissue. Stationary cultures prepared according to the technic of Youngner( 13) with trypsinized human and rhesus monkey kidney were later employed for isolation of agents and their passage.</h3></blockquote><p></p><blockquote><h3>B ) Cytopathogenic range. Monkey kidney is the only other tissue employed that has yielded a growth of cells in which the characteristic changes described above have been definitely observed following inoculation of virus. In cultures consisting largely of monkey renal epithelial cells as prepared by Youngner&#8217;s modification of Dulbecco&#8217;s technic (13) cytopathic changes have been regularly observed which resemble closely those produced by these agents in human renal cells as seen in both fresh and stained preparations.</h3></blockquote><p>Back to the Enders paper here and we see total and utter unmitigated proof it is the Youngner method of Starvation of the Cell Line which is causing the Cytopathic Effects seen. It explicitly says in two different sections that they attempted many human, monkey and chicken cell lines, but it wasn&#8217;t until they employed the Youngner method of Starvation that they saw any of the Cytopathic Effects. </p><h2>CONTAGION FAIL</h2><p>Strangely enough the technique that was &#8220;invented&#8221; by Enders to circumvent animal torture as proof of &#8220;viral Isolation&#8221; was tried in this very paper after culturing. They noted Cytopathic Effect in the cultures and injected into the stomach and head of newborn mice. Surprisingly despite this grotesque method of torture (Regardless of the contents of the injection), the &#8220;animals remained well&#8221;.  Urm&#8230; that&#8217;s quite a big problem really that debunks their own paper. </p><p></p><blockquote><p>C) Failure to induce demonstrable changes in mice or chick embryos. Two litters of suckling white mice ( 1-day-old) were inoculated with infective tissue culture fluid by both the intraperitoneal and intracerebral routes. The animals remained well during an observation period of 21 days. Employing the same material as inoculum (0.1 ml amounts were introduced into the amniotic sac of 7-day embryonated hen&#8217;s eggs. After 7 days incubation at 3fjQC the amniotic fluid and membranes were harvested, ground with alundum and centrifuged at 1500 rpm. The supernatant fluid was used for a second egg passage which was carried out in the same manner. Whereas inoculation of 0.1 ml aliquots of the first egg passage material into cultures of monkey renal epithelium was followed by characteristic cytopathic changes on the 8th day, the addition of 0.5 ml of second egg passage material to such cultures failed to produce this effect. No complement fixing antigen was detected in the materials from the egg passages. Although these results suggest that the virus is not readily adapted to growth in the chick embryo, it is evident that much further investigation will be required to determine the degree of susceptibility of this host.</p></blockquote><h1>CONTROL FAIL</h1><blockquote><p>Experimental. Cytopathic changes induced by agents isolated from cases of measles. The first of 8 agents obtained from blood or throat washings of measles cases and exhibiting comparable properties was isolated in cultures of human kidney tissue following addition of the blood of Case 3. <a href="http://ff">In each of the 3 cultures that were inoculated cytopathic changes were observed on the 7th day</a>. Since these changes presented a characteristic appearance not heretofore associated definitely with a virus they have provided the means for the further investigation of this agent as well as others that have been recently isolated. Accordingly, here at the beginning these changes will be described in detail. Observation of fresh preparations under low magnification ( 80X) revealed within the sheet-like outgrowth of renal epithelial cells discrete areas of varying size and shape in which the cell boundaries were obliterated and the nuclei often difficult to visualize. Within these areas, which may be described as<a href="http://ff"> non-refractile "glassy" plaques, large and small vacuoles were often numerous lending them a foamy or lace-like quality</a>. The number and size of the vacuoles increased as incubation was continued. On careful examination of these areas many small, slightly refractile bodies were seen that resembled nucleoli within nuclei whose outlines could often be distinguished only with difficulty. The total effect thus suggested the presence of large vacuolated giant cells. After further cultivation the extent of the areas initially present was slowly extended or was enlarged by coalescence with neighboring plaques while others developed elsewhere. In addition to the formation of vacuoles degenerative changes gradually appeared within the affected areas suggesting coagulation necrosis. <a href="http://ff">At the end of three weeks most of the epithelial cells appeared to be involved, yet here and there small aggregates of normal cells remained</a>. These seemed, however, to be composed mainly of spindle-shaped cells, Reference to Fig. 1, 2 and 3 will aid in the visualization of these changes as they are manifest in the natural state. <a href="http://ff">In contrast to the appearance of the normal cell outgrowth shown in Fig. 1</a> the smooth confluent area of affected cells stands out clearly in Fig. 2, While a slight degree of vacuolization is evident in this figure, it is extensive in Fig. 3 especially along the margin of cell growth where it is first apt to become apparent. The interpretation that has just been presented of the changes observed in fresh prepa-rations was supported by examination of fixed and stained materials. Under these conditions the glassy areas were clearly revealed as collections of nuclei surrounded by a common cytoplasmic matrix. As many as 40 to 100 nuclei were counted in such syncytial formations. Often the limits of the encompassing cytoplasm were sharply defined thus contributing to the impression that development of true giant cells has occurred in vitro. Whether or not this is actually the case, the phenomenon is of much interest in view of the constant presence of giant cells in lymphoid tissues during the early stages of measles in man( 14~5). Examination of stained materials also revealed significant changes within the nuclei of the giant cells that were not visible in fresh preparations. These consisted in a redistribution of the chromatin which ultimately assumed a marginal position where it formed a dense ring or crescent that stained intensely with the basic dye. Concomitantly the central portion of the nucleus came to be occupied by an apparently homogeneous substance, acidophilic in character, that approximated closely to the chromatin ring. Since in these and other preparations that have been examined subsequently no clear unstained zone has been observed between the chromatin and this acidophilic mass, it cannot be asserted that the latter represents an intranuclear inclusion body of the type characteristically associated with viral infections. Nevertheless, as far as can now be determined, its presence along with the margination of the chromatin affords a useful criterion of infection for the agents under study. <a href="http://ff">It should be emphasized, however, that the changes as just depicted are encountered in cultures that have been incubated for relatively prolonged periods (e.g. 14-21 days)</a>. When the interval between inoculation of the agent and examination of the stained cells (e.g. 4 days) is shorter, margination of the chromatin may be incomplete or inapparent and the acidophilic substance may only be seen in small rounded masses distributed here and there amid nuclear materials that approximate the normal arrangement. Fig. 4, 5, 6 and 7 illustrate well-developed nuclear changes and also the general similarity of the affected areas to1 the giant cells encountered in lesions associated with measles. Of particular interest in this latter connection are the basophilic &#8220;pseudoprotozoal&#8221; bodies that Bonenfant (1 6) has recently described in the mucosa and lymphoid follicles in cases of this disease. These bodies were usually surrounded by an acidophilic homogeneous substance. As described and pictured these bodies with their matrix strikingly resemble the giant cells in tissue cultures that exhibit well -developed nuclear changes . Q Some biologic properties of the agents isolated from measles. Certain of the biologic properties of the agents isolated from patients with measles have been definitely determined, others in a preliminary or tentative manner. In several instances these properties have been studied only in respect to the strain first isolated from the blood of Case 3. Since, however, the other strains, as far as they have been examined, behave in a similar manner it is probable that all of them, when thoroughly studied, will exhibit the same general characteristics.</p><p><a href="http://ff">B ) Cytopathogenic range. Monkey kidney is the only other tissue employed that has yielded a growth of cells in which the characteristic changes described above have been definitely observed following inoculation of virus. In cultures consisting largely of monkey renal epithelial cells as prepared by Youngner&#8217;s modification of Dulbecco&#8217;s technic (13) cytopathic changes have been regularly observed which resemble closely those produced by these agents in human renal cells as seen in both fresh and stained preparations.</a> These effects followed the addition of blood or throat washings from cases of measles as well as infected tissue culture fluids derived from previous passages. Monkey kidney cultures may, therefore, be applied to the study of these agents in the same manner as cultures of human kidney. In so doing, however, it must be borne in mind that cytopathic effects which superficially resemble those resulting from infection by the measles agents may possibly be induced by other viral agents present in the monkey kidney tissue (cf. last paragraph under G) or by unknown factors. In a few cultures of human prepucial tissue inoculated with one of the measles agents changes resembling those seen in renal cells were noted in the epithelial outgrowth about certain fragments. Additional observations, however, will be required before it can b3 confidently asserted that dermal epithelial cells are specifically attacked by these viruses. In a single experiment no cytopathic manifestations were seen during a period of 31 days following inoculation of infected tissue culture fluid into cultures of human embryonic skin and muscle, human uterine tissue or embryonic chick tissue. Tests for the presence of complement fixing antigen in the fluids removed from the cultures on the 31st day were negative. These serologic results suggest that growth of the virus did not occur, since, as will be shown subsequently, the antigen appears to develop regularly after several days in cultures of renal tissue infected with the virus.</p></blockquote><p></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bKoq!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc8f74772-9dd2-4b00-8c81-8f0f538e1a39_849x502.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bKoq!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc8f74772-9dd2-4b00-8c81-8f0f538e1a39_849x502.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bKoq!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc8f74772-9dd2-4b00-8c81-8f0f538e1a39_849x502.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bKoq!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc8f74772-9dd2-4b00-8c81-8f0f538e1a39_849x502.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bKoq!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc8f74772-9dd2-4b00-8c81-8f0f538e1a39_849x502.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bKoq!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc8f74772-9dd2-4b00-8c81-8f0f538e1a39_849x502.png" width="849" height="502" 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https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v0Hy!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Febe0022e-d456-4c6b-87f0-5e11f13d5a30_596x791.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v0Hy!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Febe0022e-d456-4c6b-87f0-5e11f13d5a30_596x791.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v0Hy!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Febe0022e-d456-4c6b-87f0-5e11f13d5a30_596x791.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v0Hy!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Febe0022e-d456-4c6b-87f0-5e11f13d5a30_596x791.png" width="596" height="791" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v0Hy!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Febe0022e-d456-4c6b-87f0-5e11f13d5a30_596x791.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v0Hy!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Febe0022e-d456-4c6b-87f0-5e11f13d5a30_596x791.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v0Hy!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Febe0022e-d456-4c6b-87f0-5e11f13d5a30_596x791.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v0Hy!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Febe0022e-d456-4c6b-87f0-5e11f13d5a30_596x791.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><p>F) Neutralization of cytopathogenicity by convalescent measles sera. <a href="http://ff">That the cytopathogenic capacity of at least one strain of the agents associated with measles is inhibited by serum factors developing during the course of the disease has been demonstrated in two experiments</a>. Employing 100 ID of the viral suspension mentioned in the previous paragraph neutralization tests were carried out in cultures of monkey renal epithelial cells. Sera taken during the acute and convalescent stages from two of the cases occurring at the boys&#8217; school were stored at -15:C and inactivated at 56&#176;C for 30 minutes before they were diluted and used in the test. As diluent bovine amniotic fluid was employed. Dilutions of serum and virus were mixed and kept at 5&#176;C for one hour when 0.1 ml of each mixture was added to each of three tissue cultures. In both tests the cultures were examined every day or every 2 days and the final readings were recorded on the 10th day. The results are summarized in Table 11. They indicate that significant increases in substances occurred in the serum of both patients that neutralized the cytopathogenicity of the agent isolated from the blood of a third patient. In considering these results it is pertinent to recall that agents with similar characteristics have been isolated from the two patients whose convalescent sera were shown to possess virus neutralizing capacity.</p></blockquote><p></p><blockquote><h2>A second agent was obtained from an uninoculated culture of monkey kidney cells. The cytopathic changes it induced in the unstained preparations could not be distinguished with confidence from the viruses isolated from measles. But, when the cells from infected cultures were fixed and stained, their effect could be easily distinguished since the internuclear changes typical of the measles agents were not observed. Moreover, as we have already indicated, fluids from cultures infected with the agent failed to fix complement in the presence of convalescent measles serum.</h2></blockquote><p></p><h2>Control Conclusion</h2><p>Let&#8217;s walk through the large amount of material above. Firstly we don&#8217;t see a single CPE morphology until a week into infection, for clarification that is one week <em>after</em> reducing the nutrient medium according to Youngner&#8217;s starvation protocol. The Vacuolation, Cytopathic Granulation and Plaquing registered in the &#8220;infected&#8221; culture we saw all of those exact morphologies in our <a href="https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/controls2">uninfected cultures in our Control Experiment</a>s. These ubiquitous morphologies are seen and measured they keep going for up to a whopping 3 weeks in incubation, even then there are still some healthy cells remaining. </p><p>In both images of the Cell Lines they note there are Controls done, the first image is of the Roller Tube cells Uninoculated and in the latter it is &#8220;Outgrowth of Normal Human Renal Cells&#8221;. So this debunks the camp that bizarrely claim that &#8220;no Control was done&#8221; whether that be a legitimate control (All reagents the same-especially Serum) or what they call a &#8220;mock Control&#8221;. Let&#8217;s see here though that it is noted that the exact Roller Tube cells cultures were carried out according to the Youngner Assay. This Assay explicitly said that the Uninfected cultures were grown in Medium D that was rich in Serum, only on infection was that to be replaced with Medium E which had no Serum. Therefore we can adequately say that in the &#8220;Controls&#8221; that are presented there is serum present which is why both are described as being &#8220;Outgrowths&#8221; i.e have enough serum to replicate and grow. </p><p>The starved &#8220;infected&#8221; culture is once again confirmed to be only affected by that starvation medium change as they &#8220;Neutralize&#8221; the CPE by re-adding more Serum. This is seen to halt and even reverse the starvation and hence the cells can replicate and grow once more. </p><p>We then come to the greatest self own in the entire paper, potentially in the entirety of Virology. A passage I have quote hundreds if not thousands of times in the last 6 years: The &#8220;Uninoculated Culture&#8221; showed Cytopathic Changes which could not be distinguished with confidence from the viruses isolated from Measles. Let&#8217;s walk through exactly what we can infer from this: </p><p>There is no method for this &#8220;Uninoculated Culture&#8221; so we know not any other reagents that went into it. It was not referred to as the Control Culture, it was not seen as Healthy Outgrowth as pictured in the Control sections. The thing that is explicit is that it contains no &#8220;infected&#8221; material so it is operating either as a TRUE negative control OR a Mock Control dependent on Serum levels. This leaves us with two options of what the method was for this sample:</p><p>A. It was a TRUE negative control, they had a plate that they passaged with the reduced Serum according to Youngner&#8217;s protocol hence why they saw CPE.</p><p>or</p><p>B. It was the mock Control that had adequate Serum levels in it to start off with where they imaged before day 7 where the cells were healthy, but due to the experiment going of for such a long time (3 Weeks) by the time they reached the end, the serum had been depleted and the Starvation CPE had started. </p><p>Either way the net result of this is that John Enders DID run a TRUE Negative Control that FAILED as it produced the Observable Effect (CPE) that is meant to denote the presence of a &#8220;Virus&#8221; in the uninfected culture. Comically the English Lit major describes this not as a Control Failure but indeed was indicative of the presence of&#8230;&#8230;..*MORE VIRUS* SMH. </p><p>With the sweep of his hand he then says &#8220; Because the difference can be distinguished after it was fixed and stained&#8221; that it was fine. There are many problems with this statement in the fact that there was an entirely different cell type added in the &#8220;Infection medium&#8221; which is self evident to be &#8220;a difference&#8221;. He then gets more specific and says that the &#8220;Internuclear changes specific to measles were not present&#8221;. Well how would you know what was specific to Measles if you have never actually isolated it in the first place as your cell culture was fraudulent from a Negative Control Failure? Secondly he notes Cytopathic Effect that initially could not be distinguished and only changed his mind AFTER it was fixed and stained, which by proxy means that it was the fixing and staining process causing somewhat the &#8220;internuclear differences&#8221;. </p><p>The Internuclear changes are where cells fuse together, this was only seen later on in the experiment, with vacuolation in the beginning. Once again unless this was an exact True control taken through to day 21+ this may not have even been possible to see in the test culture.  Lastly it also mentions the adding of &#8220;Convalescent Measles Serum which did not fix compliment&#8221; i.e they claim they are testing for &#8220;Antigens&#8221;. So let&#8217;s have a brief look at that: </p><h2> Method: </h2><h2>&#129515; Step 1 &#8212; Prepare the reagents</h2><p>You need four key components:</p><ol><li><p><strong>Test antigen</strong></p><ul><li><p>Culture fluid containing the virus (unknown agent vs measles)</p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>Serum (antibodies)</strong></p><ul><li><p>&#8220;Convalescent serum&#8221; (from a recovered measles patient)</p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>Complement</strong></p><ul><li><p>Fresh serum (commonly guinea pig) containing active <strong>Complement system</strong></p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>Indicator system</strong></p><ul><li><p>Sheep red blood cells (RBCs)</p></li><li><p>Anti-sheep RBC antibodies</p></li></ul></li></ol><div><hr></div><h2>&#128293; Step 2 &#8212; Inactivate endogenous complement in the serum</h2><ul><li><p>Heat the patient serum (~56 &#176;C for ~30 min)</p></li></ul><p>&#128073; Why:</p><ul><li><p>Removes any <strong>native complement</strong></p></li><li><p>Ensures only the <em>added</em> complement is measured</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h2>&#129514; Step 3 &#8212; Set up the main reaction</h2><p>In a test tube:</p><ul><li><p>Add <strong>viral antigen</strong></p></li><li><p>Add <strong>patient serum (antibodies)</strong></p></li><li><p>Add <strong>complement</strong></p></li></ul><p>&#128073; Then incubate (typically 30&#8211;60 min at 37 &#176;C)</p><div><hr></div><h2>&#129504; What&#8217;s happening here</h2><p>Two possibilities:</p><h3>&#9989; If antibodies recognize the virus</h3><ul><li><p>Antigen&#8211;antibody complexes form</p></li><li><p>Complement binds &#8594; gets <strong>fixed (used up)</strong></p></li></ul><h3>&#10060; If they don&#8217;t</h3><ul><li><p>No complexes</p></li><li><p>Complement stays <strong>free</strong></p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h2>&#129656; Step 4 &#8212; Add the indicator system</h2><p>Now add:</p><ul><li><p>Sheep RBCs</p></li><li><p>Anti-sheep RBC antibodies</p></li></ul><p>&#128073; Incubate again</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BF0i!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F90c0a166-6b36-46a0-9784-a870cede11dc_853x1142.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BF0i!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F90c0a166-6b36-46a0-9784-a870cede11dc_853x1142.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BF0i!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F90c0a166-6b36-46a0-9784-a870cede11dc_853x1142.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BF0i!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F90c0a166-6b36-46a0-9784-a870cede11dc_853x1142.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BF0i!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F90c0a166-6b36-46a0-9784-a870cede11dc_853x1142.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BF0i!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F90c0a166-6b36-46a0-9784-a870cede11dc_853x1142.jpeg" width="853" height="1142" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/90c0a166-6b36-46a0-9784-a870cede11dc_853x1142.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1142,&quot;width&quot;:853,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:62529,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/193238101?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F90c0a166-6b36-46a0-9784-a870cede11dc_853x1142.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BF0i!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F90c0a166-6b36-46a0-9784-a870cede11dc_853x1142.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BF0i!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F90c0a166-6b36-46a0-9784-a870cede11dc_853x1142.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BF0i!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F90c0a166-6b36-46a0-9784-a870cede11dc_853x1142.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BF0i!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F90c0a166-6b36-46a0-9784-a870cede11dc_853x1142.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2>how about higher serum content... because these cultures sometimes contain serum already to grow the cultures in the first place?</h2><p>Excellent point &#8212; and yes, <strong>serum in the culture can absolutely interfere</strong> with these assays if you&#8217;re not careful. Early virologists had to think about exactly this.</p><div><hr></div><h1>&#129514; Does serum cause RBC lysis?</h1><h2>&#129516; 1. Complement in serum (the main issue)</h2><p>Serum naturally contains the <strong>Complement system</strong>.</p><p>&#128073; So if your culture fluid contains serum (e.g. from growth media):</p><ul><li><p>It may already contain <strong>active complement</strong></p></li><li><p>That complement could:</p><ul><li><p>Lyse RBCs directly</p></li><li><p>Or mess up the assay timing</p></li></ul></li></ul><h3>&#128308; Consequence:</h3><blockquote><p><strong>False hemolysis &#8594; looks like &#8220;no antibody binding&#8221; when that might not be true</strong></p></blockquote><p>So here we see the standard quackery employed, they are putting Sheep&#8217;s Blood in, if it settles at the bottom they ascribe a story for why, if it mixed and disperses they ascribe a different story. The clincher here is that it is also a measurement of basically how much Serum is in the sample. AI confirmed that effectively if there is already Serum in a sample it is more likely that the Sheep&#8217;s blood will disperse. Hence we can probably adequately assume that there was likely a bit of the Serum from the initial &#8220;Mock Control&#8221; in scenario B laid out above, that mock has been left for the full period of time and has starved certain cells in areas that have started to show CPE.</p><p></p><h1>CONCLUSION</h1><p>Moving toward the end of this article first we put to bed any doubt about the &#8220;Control&#8221; question with regards to John Enders carrying one out/ whether it failed or not. There are some really silly people out there that I won&#8217;t name because I can&#8217;t be bothered to utter their name further but it very well may rhyme with Ham Daily, that have claimed to read this paper and STILL come to the conclusion that there was no control carried out!? There are without a shadow of a doubt 3 controls that took place in this paper, 2 what should be described as a &#8220;Mock&#8221; control, the standard Virology fraud where they have high amounts of Serum to keep the cells healthy and by Enders own description to see &#8220;Outgrowth&#8221;. The last Control was, any which way you choose to interpret what exactly happened, a &#8220;True/er&#8221; Negative Control. Whether this was a &#8220;Mock&#8221; Control that got left a little too long so that the Serum started to deplete or a forgotten Infection Medium, Youngner Protocol left Uninfected by Mistake, the net result is that we saw what happens when you starve an uninfected cell line: You see the same Cytopathic Effect that is supposed to denote a &#8220;Virus&#8221;. </p><p>The huge bombshell that dropped in this article, that came as a real surprise to me was the clearcut, fully intentional design of the starvation of the cells in the Youngner Protocol. When you combine this, with the stated observations by Enders that they could <em>only</em> seem to get Cytopathic effect when they used this protocol it is absolutely damning. It is very satisfying to me personally as it validates my exact interpretation of the Experimental Controls that I have done as part of this project. When I went into the controls we tested for the effect of Antibiotics as much, maybe even more than the altering of FBS concentration. Yet I was seeing a lot more signal based on the altering of this FBS concentration rather than the Antibiotics, so that was my takeaway. Here this is verification that not only was I correct, but it seems that it was very much intentionally designed this way from the very first instance more than 70 years ago and has been used to defraud the field of &#8220;science&#8221; ever since. </p><p>So for the most important part of Virology, <em>the benchmark</em>, the raw isolated, purified <em>thing</em> you need to characterize we have managed to see clearly that our eponymous English Literature Grad, who was not only a puppet of the system, you can largely tell from his Nobel decoration, as they <em>all</em> have these archetypal personality traits and background, but indeed that because he had to &#8220;borrow&#8221; the real working mechanics of how to defraud this process from another English Major- albeit with a little more MicroBiological knowledge in J.S Youngner. </p><p>Just a small little Easter Egg in this article, those of you who are very eagle eyed and are regulars to reading my articles may have noticed I did not swear once. This was a conscious decision just to mix things up a bit. Normal Service Resumes. </p><p>J</p><p></p><p>If you have enjoyed this article and wanted to give a one time donation, please BuymeaCoffee by clicking on the link below. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="http://buymeacoffee.com/controlstudies" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8tMO!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5fd253c9-ac7e-405b-b125-b3d192af6442_535x265.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8tMO!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5fd253c9-ac7e-405b-b125-b3d192af6442_535x265.png 848w, 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stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[The Human Genome Project]]></title><description><![CDATA[Part 1 The Roadmap]]></description><link>https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/the-human-genome-project</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/the-human-genome-project</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Jamie Andrews]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 27 Mar 2026 15:02:33 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3ce87c7-4ff8-46e6-be25-20bde1121e9f_2305x860.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Annual Subscription is being kept at the incredibly low price of just $35. I sell no bullshit supplements, no crappy merchandise, no whacko gadgets, I have no sponsors, no advertising and everything is possible to read for free. However to help in running the experiments and to cover the huge costs that are mounting from travel and expenses to operate the project, please consider donating to the largest Crowdsourced and Opensourced experiments falsifying Virology. Thank you.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The Virology Controls Studies Project is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp" width="337" height="502" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/ab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:502,&quot;width&quot;:337,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:12798,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/webp&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/191913328?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mGtM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab15da94-d013-417a-a62c-06877d114246_337x502.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>The Human Genome Project was the benchmark for the Genetics Hoax. They took 13 years to &#8220;complete&#8221; it from 1990-2003  under the lead of Francis Collins for , quite unsurprisingly,  the government institutes of the National Institute of Health as well as the U.S Department of Energy.  Once again, unsurprisingly, after completion Collins landed a cushy job as Director of the NIH from 2009, which saw him be the longest standing director in the department&#8217;s history (they really like genetics). </p><p>The results of this project affects every single clinical sample ever taken and genetically tested, including PCR, purely because the sequence that the HGP generated is used to benchmark the primer sets and amplicon length, it is used as a &#8220;filter&#8221; for Shotgun Metagenomics, it is used to benchmark Primers, adapters and Library prep for Illumina. Practically it IS BLAST (<strong>Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) </strong>, the NIH database repository for the all known genomes purely because EVERY other genome on there has been filtered against this genome, certainly in Microbiology: When they take a sample say from your gut to sequence a gut bacteria, first thing they are going to do is remove every sequence that they think is the human genome, the rest they are going to claim is &#8220;up for grabs&#8221;. Hence it has intentionally shaped really the entirety of genetics, forcing sequences and genomes of everything else to mold around it. </p><p>I would like to stop here and explain before we go any further. NONE of this is real of course. I have written many articles explaining the hoax of Genetics, all they have is inferences, fluorescent dyes that are knowingly put into samples, that when they fluoresce a fantastical story is attached to why they did so. I will state this explicitly upfront. None of the articles that I am going to write on the Human Genome Project is giving any sort of credence to this subject, it is my belief that Genetics is a total hoax and I don&#8217;t even think there is a DNA/RNA &#8220;molecule&#8221; at all, especially because one has never actually been seen in a microscope. </p><p>Needless to say I think it of utmost importance that to fully debunk the hoax of genetics and all genetics assays like the PCR test it is incumbent, as explained above, to debunk the Human Genome (Project). Because of the sheer size of the project I will be breaking these articles into 3 sections, purely so that fatigue doesn&#8217;t set in when reading. This, I have to admit, the majority for me at least is FUCKING boring. The sophistry employed, the absolute wormhole of circular logic, the mountain of ridiculous and often completely crazy tests and procedures is just off the Richter scale. </p><p>So these ones come with a bit of a warning, these are not for the feint of heart, they will require some perseverance to wrap your head around what even they were trying to achieve. Even with my now coming on 5 years of simplifying their complete jargon bullshit down, found parts of this challenging, some aspects of these initial steps took a good 48hrs of research for it even to click as to wtf they were bothering to do all of these little intricate steps. &#8220;Back then&#8221; they didn&#8217;t have the luxury of just spamming everything into a white box of technology and hitting the enter key then pointing at it as proof of everything they had hoped to happen, happening. No they did it the &#8220;old school&#8221; way with fucking mental sophistry, usually squirting stuff onto various bacteria. </p><p>So given the warning, that no, I am not intentionally setting out to confuse people, merely documenting this complete shit show as best I can for you all to understand why I believe it to be one big fraudulent mess. We will get stuck into this and approach it from bottom up, starting with the &#8220;Roadmap&#8221;, the claimed skeleton of the Whole Human Genome, where they mapped out where the small little chunks of DNA that they &#8220;sequenced&#8221; would fit, into which of the 46 Chromosomes they claim them to fit into, arranged into one long contiguous (contig) sequence. </p><p>For the most parts of these articles I am going to section ChatGPT&#8217;s responses sidelined in Blue - with the Questions asked at the top (where applicable) in larger font (Highlighted in Yellow in the Ebook). This will serve as the basis for the understanding of what the Mainstream are saying is going on. I will write my explainers in each section, why I am asking AI the questions I am and what I believe to be the major flaws within each of these processes and how especially in this first section it will affect all downstream data. </p><p>So without further delay, let&#8217;s get this show on the road, brace yourselves: </p><h2>THE ROADMAP</h2><p>This is the basic bullet points of what we will be covering in this article </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!f4HN!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05ec4b45-788d-4830-8e9e-4359ab6de583_1051x539.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!f4HN!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05ec4b45-788d-4830-8e9e-4359ab6de583_1051x539.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!f4HN!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05ec4b45-788d-4830-8e9e-4359ab6de583_1051x539.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!f4HN!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05ec4b45-788d-4830-8e9e-4359ab6de583_1051x539.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!f4HN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05ec4b45-788d-4830-8e9e-4359ab6de583_1051x539.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!f4HN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05ec4b45-788d-4830-8e9e-4359ab6de583_1051x539.png" width="1051" height="539" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/05ec4b45-788d-4830-8e9e-4359ab6de583_1051x539.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:539,&quot;width&quot;:1051,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:215687,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/191913328?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05ec4b45-788d-4830-8e9e-4359ab6de583_1051x539.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!f4HN!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05ec4b45-788d-4830-8e9e-4359ab6de583_1051x539.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!f4HN!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05ec4b45-788d-4830-8e9e-4359ab6de583_1051x539.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!f4HN!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05ec4b45-788d-4830-8e9e-4359ab6de583_1051x539.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!f4HN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05ec4b45-788d-4830-8e9e-4359ab6de583_1051x539.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><ul><li><p>Estimated the <strong>human genome length</strong> (~3 billion base pairs) using <strong>cytogenetic and molecular methods</strong></p></li><li><p>Decided on a <strong>hierarchical approach</strong> rather than sequencing everything at once</p></li><li><p>Created <strong>genetic maps</strong>:</p><ul><li><p>Used <strong>markers</strong> like RFLPs (restriction fragment length polymorphisms)</p></li><li><p>Determined <strong>relative positions of genes and markers</strong> along chromosomes</p></li></ul></li><li><p>Built <strong>physical maps</strong>:</p><ul><li><p>Created <strong>contigs</strong> (overlapping DNA fragments)</p></li><li><p>Used <strong>cloning vectors</strong>: BACs (bacterial artificial chromosomes) and YACs (yeast artificial chromosomes)</p></li><li><p>Ordered the clones to <strong>cover entire chromosomes</strong></p></li></ul></li><li><p>Integrated <strong>genetic and physical maps</strong> to produce a <strong>scaffold or framework</strong> for sequencing</p></li><li><p>Prioritized <strong>chromosomal regions</strong> for initial sequencing based on map coverage</p></li></ul></blockquote><h1>Genome Length Estimate</h1><p>This is where it ALL stems from, the Genome length estimate. In creating the overall map they had to have a rough idea ( a complete fucking guess) at how long the human genome was. For when they came to it, how would they know for instance where to start and where to stop? Just a bit of trivia for you, the claim is that the first nucleotide of Chromosome 1 is a Cytosine (C). But how would they explicitly know that it starts there? Why not one forward or one back? </p><p>The Last nucleotide is claimed to be a Thymine (T) on Chromosome 22. But again how on earth would they explicitly know that it stopped right there? Even if they had an extremely accurate guestimate to start with, purely for the function that this sequence cannot be seen and is only inferred, this must be ruled as an assumption.  </p><blockquote><p>Before the Human Genome Project (HGP) officially began sequencing in 1990&#8211;2001, scientists had already arrived at a remarkably accurate estimate of the human genome&#8217;s size: approximately 3 billion base pairs (3 &#215; 10&#8313; bp, or about 3.2&#8211;3.5 billion bp in some refined estimates). This figure was known with reasonable confidence by the late 1960s to early 1980s, long before any large-scale DNA sequencing was possible. Below is a detailed, chronological explanation of the main methods used to estimate genome size pre-sequencing, with key references and links.1. Early Rough Estimates (1950s&#8211;1960s): Cytology, DNA Content, and Biochemical Measurements Scientists first estimated genome size by measuring the total amount of DNA per cell (the C-value, where &#8220;C&#8221; stands for constant haploid DNA content).</p><ul><li><p>Feulgen densitometry and micro spectrophotometry: These techniques stained DNA in cell nuclei and measured light absorption to quantify DNA mass. The result was converted to picograms (pg) of DNA per haploid genome (1 pg &#8776; 978 million base pairs).</p></li><li><p>Early measurements in the 1950s&#8211;1960s gave values around 3&#8211;3.5 pg of DNA per haploid human genome, which translates to roughly 3&#8211;3.4 billion base pairs.</p></li></ul><p>A key early reference is the work of researchers like Mirsky and Ris (1951) and later refinements in the 1960s.Reference:</p><ul><li><p>Mirsky, A.E., &amp; Ris, H. (1951). &#8220;The desoxyribonucleic acid content of animal cells and its evolutionary significance.&#8221; Journal of General Physiology. (Classic foundational work on DNA content across species.)</p></li></ul><p>By the late 1960s, the figure of ~3 billion base pairs was already widely cited in textbooks and grant proposals as a working estimate.2. Reassociation Kinetics (Cot Analysis) &#8211; The Most Important Pre-Sequencing Method (1960s&#8211;1970s)This was the gold-standard biochemical method for estimating genome size and complexity before sequencing. How Cot analysis works:</p><ul><li><p>Extract and purify genomic DNA.</p></li><li><p>Shear it into small fragments (~400 bp).</p></li><li><p>Denature it (heat to separate strands).</p></li><li><p>Allow the single strands to reassociate (reanneal) under controlled conditions.</p></li><li><p>Measure the rate of reassociation over time (Cot = DNA concentration &#215; time).</p></li></ul><p>Key insights:</p><ul><li><p>Highly repetitive DNA reassociates very quickly.</p></li><li><p>Moderately repetitive DNA reassociates at intermediate rates.</p></li><li><p>Unique (single-copy) DNA reassociates slowly.</p></li></ul><p>The Cot1/2 value (the Cot value at which 50% of the DNA has reassociated) for the unique-sequence fraction allows calculation of genome complexity/size, because the rate is inversely proportional to the number of unique sequences (i.e., genome size).For the human genome, Cot analysis showed a large unique-sequence component consistent with a genome size of ~3 &#215; 10^9 base pairs. Key classic papers:</p><ul><li><p>Britten, R.J., &amp; Kohne, D.E. (1968). &#8220;Repeated sequences in DNA.&#8221; Science. (Foundational paper on reassociation kinetics.)</p></li><li><p>Direct human genome application: Schmid, C.W., &amp; Deininger, P.L. (1975). &#8220;Sequence organization of the human genome.&#8221; Cell.<br>&#8594; This and related works in the 1970s refined the estimate to approximately 3 billion bp, with about 60&#8211;70% unique sequence and the rest repetitive.</p></li><li><p>A very useful later review of the method applied to genome size:<br>Peterson, D.G., et al. (2002). &#8220;Integration of Cot analysis, DNA cloning, and high-throughput sequencing facilitates genome characterization and gene discovery.&#8221; Genome Research. (Discusses historical Cot-based estimates.)</p></li></ul><p>Cot curves were the primary way scientists confidently stated &#8220;the human genome is about 3 billion base pairs&#8221; by the mid-1970s.3. Flow Cytometry (1970s&#8211;1980s onward)Flow cytometry measures the DNA content of individual nuclei stained with fluorescent dyes (e.g., propidium iodide).</p><ul><li><p>Cells are passed through a laser; fluorescence intensity is proportional to DNA amount.</p></li><li><p>By comparing to standards with known genome sizes (e.g., chicken red blood cells), the human haploid genome size was measured as ~3.5 pg, which converts to ~3.4&#8211;3.5 billion base pairs.</p></li></ul><p>This method became more accurate in the 1980s&#8211;1990s and confirmed the earlier Cot-based estimates. Reference:</p><ul><li><p>Dole&#382;el, J., et al. (various papers in the 1990s&#8211;2000s on plant and animal genome size by flow cytometry; human values were cross-referenced).</p></li></ul><p>4. Other Supporting Methods</p><ul><li><p>Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of large DNA fragments and early chromosome-specific cloning efforts provided lower-bound estimates.</p></li><li><p>Genetic linkage map lengths (in centiMorgans) gave indirect clues, though conversion to base pairs was uncertain due to varying recombination rates.</p></li><li><p>By the late 1980s, as the HGP was planned, the consensus figure used in official documents was ~3 billion base pairs (often cited as 3 &#215; 10^9 bp for planning purposes).</p></li></ul><p>The official HGP planning documents in 1990 used 3 billion base pairs as the target size. Key HGP-era reference:</p><ul><li><p>National Research Council (1988). &#8220;Mapping and Sequencing the Human Genome.&#8221; National Academies Press. (This report explicitly uses ~3 &#215; 10^9 bp as the working estimate.)</p></li></ul><p>Final Pre-HGP Consensus (Late 1980s)By the time the HGP was formally launched (1990), the scientific community had converged on:</p><ul><li><p>Haploid human genome size: approximately 3.0 &#8211; 3.5 &#215; 10^9 base pairs.</p></li><li><p>The most commonly cited planning figure was 3 billion bp.</p></li></ul><p>This estimate proved remarkably accurate. The finished euchromatic sequence in 2004 was ~2.85&#8211;2.9 Gb, and the complete T2T-CHM13 assembly (2022) came in at ~3.055 billion bp (plus variable heterochromatin).Summary of Methods (Chronological Order of Importance)</p><ol><li><p>DNA content measurements (1950s&#8211;1960s) &#8594; rough 3&#8211;3.5 pg &#8594; ~3 billion bp.</p></li><li><p>Cot / reassociation kinetics (1968&#8211;1970s) &#8594; most rigorous biochemical estimate of complexity and size.</p></li><li><p>Flow cytometry (1980s&#8211;1990s) &#8594; independent confirmation and refinement.</p></li><li><p>Early cloning and mapping efforts &#8594; lower-bound checks.</p></li></ol></blockquote><p></p><blockquote><h2>So Flow Cytometry is a basic measurement of mass? Could you walk me through in detail the protocol please.</h2><p>Yes, you&#8217;re correct in spirit: Flow cytometry for genome size estimation is fundamentally a measurement of total DNA mass per nucleus, but it&#8217;s done indirectly through fluorescence intensity rather than weighing the DNA on a scale. It is one of the most accurate and widely used methods for estimating genome size (C-value) even today. Detailed Protocol: How Flow Cytometry Was (and Still Is) Used to Estimate Human Genome Size Here is the step-by-step protocol that was commonly used in the 1980s&#8211;1990s (and is still very similar today):1. Sample Preparation</p><ul><li><p>Collect fresh cells (typically human peripheral blood lymphocytes, cultured fibroblasts, or sperm cells for haploid measurements).</p></li><li><p>For comparison, a standard with a known genome size is prepared at the same time. The most common internal standard was chicken red blood cells (CRBC), which have a well-established haploid genome size of &#8776; 1.25 pg (&#8776; 1.22 billion bp).</p></li></ul><p>2. Nuclei Isolation and Staining</p><ul><li><p>Cells are lysed gently to release nuclei (using a detergent like Triton X-100 or NP-40 in a hypotonic buffer).</p></li><li><p>The nuclei are stained with a DNA-specific fluorescent dye that binds proportionally to the amount of DNA present. Common dyes used in genome size work:</p><ul><li><p>Propidium iodide (PI) &#8212; the most popular (intercalates into double-stranded DNA).</p></li><li><p>DAPI (binds to AT-rich regions).</p></li><li><p>Hoechst 33258 or Sybr Green I.</p></li></ul></li><li><p>Staining is done under conditions that ensure stoichiometric binding (fluorescence intensity is directly proportional to DNA content).</p></li><li><p>RNase is usually added to remove RNA, which could otherwise interfere with the DNA signal.</p></li></ul><p>3. Flow Cytometry Measurement</p><ul><li><p>The stained nuclei suspension is run through a flow cytometer.</p></li><li><p>Each nucleus passes single-file through a laser beam.</p></li><li><p>The laser excites the fluorescent dye &#8594; the dye emits light proportional to the amount of DNA in that nucleus.</p></li><li><p>Detectors measure the fluorescence intensity of each nucleus (typically thousands to tens of thousands of nuclei per sample).</p></li><li><p>The instrument produces a histogram (DNA content distribution) where the x-axis is fluorescence intensity (proportional to DNA mass) and the y-axis is the number of nuclei.</p></li></ul><p>4. Data Analysis and Calculation</p><ul><li><p>The histogram shows distinct peaks:</p><ul><li><p>G0/G1 peak = unreplicated diploid (2C) DNA content.</p></li><li><p>G2/M peak = replicated diploid (4C) DNA content.</p></li></ul></li><li><p>The mean fluorescence intensity of the G0/G1 peak of the human sample is compared to the mean fluorescence intensity of the internal standard (chicken RBCs).</p></li><li><p>The ratio is calculated:</p></li></ul><p>Formula: Human 2C DNA content (pg) = (Mean fluorescence of human G0/G1 peak &#247; Mean fluorescence of standard G0/G1 peak) &#215; Known 2C DNA content of standard</p><ul><li><p>Convert picograms to base pairs using the standard conversion factor: 1 pg DNA &#8776; 978 million base pairs (0.978 &#215; 10&#8313; bp)</p></li></ul><p>Example from real historical data:</p><ul><li><p>If human G0/G1 peak fluorescence is 2.85 times higher than chicken RBC peak.</p></li><li><p>Chicken 2C DNA content = 2.5 pg.</p></li><li><p>Human 2C = 2.85 &#215; 2.5 pg = 7.125 pg.</p></li><li><p>Haploid (1C) = 7.125 / 2 = 3.5625 pg.</p></li><li><p>Convert to bp: 3.5625 pg &#215; 978 &#215; 10&#8310; bp/pg &#8776; 3.48 billion base pairs.</p></li></ul><p>This was the kind of calculation used to arrive at the ~3.0&#8211;3.5 billion bp range before the HGP. Advantages and Limitations of This Method Advantages:</p><ul><li><p>Very accurate (&#177;1&#8211;2% in good hands).</p></li><li><p>Fast &#8212; thousands of nuclei measured in minutes.</p></li><li><p>Can be done on many species for comparison.</p></li></ul><p>Limitations:</p><ul><li><p>Measures total DNA mass, including repetitive DNA &#8212; it does not distinguish unique vs. repetitive sequences.</p></li><li><p>Requires a good internal standard with a precisely known genome size.</p></li><li><p>Cannot give sequence-level information (only bulk mass).</p></li></ul></blockquote><div><hr></div><div><hr></div><p>So we are going to interject here. The first methods of Feulgen Densitometry ( the key is in the name) and the most modern and up to date methods of quantifying the length of &#8220;DNA&#8221; in an organism&#8217;s cells was to calculate is off of it&#8217;s density. The most modern version it readily admits is compounded inference as readily admitted because not only is it inferring something from the density, even the density must be inferred from fluorescence. As you will come to see with all of these processes especially in the building of the initial Roadmap, it starts with something physical, i.e a nucleus or a Chromosome and it very quickly is ushered into the worlds of make believe and inferences. As discussed in numerous places on this channel, the reason for doing this is that they can then invent whatever story they like as soon as the benchmark no longer exists in reality and is just tied to a lab value. </p><p>Here we see the exact hand over from the real world into lab values. It is fair to say you <em>could</em> get an ok figure for how much a nucleus weighs. You can see it, it is possible to isolate one. You have a fairly good start for producing repeatable science, you may even just about be able to get away with using some sort of inference such as a lazer to measure density and it still be acceptable. But here is where the acceptability ends as they use this density value (that is just an average representation of a cell and in no way is an exact measurement of every cells deviations away from this <strong>HINT</strong>) to then infer how many nucleotides would fit in one long string inside this Nucleus:  </p><blockquote><h1>So all of these are fundamentally based off of the weight of a nucleotide? how is this estimated if you can&#8217;t even see one in a microscope?</h1><p>Excellent question. You&#8217;re touching on a very fundamental point. Yes &#8212; all of the pre-sequencing genome size estimates (Feulgen densitometry, flow cytometry, and even Cot analysis to some extent) ultimately rest on knowing the average molecular weight of one DNA base pair. But you&#8217;re right: no one has ever &#8220;seen&#8221; a single nucleotide in a light microscope, and the early estimates were made long before X-ray crystallography or modern sequencing. So how did scientists know the weight of a nucleotide/base pair with enough accuracy to convert picograms of DNA into billions of base pairs? Here&#8217;s the detailed, honest answer:1. The Weight of a Nucleotide/Base Pair Was Calculated Chemically, Not Visually Scientists did not need to see individual nucleotides under a microscope. They determined the molecular weight through pure chemistry and physics &#8212; the same way we know the exact molecular weight of water (H&#8322;O = 18.015 Da) or glucose. How they did it:</p><ul><li><p>Base composition was already known (Chargaff&#8217;s rules, 1950s): DNA contains roughly equal amounts of A+T and G+C.</p></li><li><p>The exact chemical structures and atomic compositions of the four nucleotides (dAMP, dTMP, dGMP, dCMP) were known from organic chemistry since the early 20th century.</p></li><li><p>The average molecular weight of one base pair was calculated by adding up the atoms: A typical average base pair (considering sodium salt form of DNA, which is how it&#8217;s usually measured) comes out to approximately 615&#8211;660 Daltons (Da) per base pair. More precisely, the commonly used conversion factor in genome size literature is:1 picogram (pg) of DNA = 0.978 &#215; 10&#8313; base pairs<br>(This comes from 1 pg = 10&#8315;&#185;&#178; grams, and 1 base pair &#8776; 615&#8211;660 Da on average, with Avogadro&#8217;s number used to convert between mass and number of molecules.)</p></li></ul><p>This number was refined over decades through:</p><ul><li><p>Precise analytical chemistry (weighing purified nucleotides).</p></li><li><p>X-ray crystallography of DNA (Franklin, Wilkins, Watson &amp; Crick era &#8212; gave the structure and spacing).</p></li><li><p>Later, direct mass spectrometry of oligonucleotides.</p></li></ul><p>So the weight per base pair is a calculated physicochemical constant, not something guessed from looking at chromosomes.2. The Full Chain of Reasoning (Pre-HGP Genome Size Estimation)Here is the logical flow that was used:</p><ol><li><p>Measure total DNA mass in a nucleus (in picograms) using:</p><ul><li><p>Feulgen microspectrophotometry, or</p></li><li><p>Flow cytometry with fluorescent DNA dyes (propidium iodide, etc.)</p></li></ul></li><li><p>Know the average mass of one base pair (&#8776; 650 Da on average, or more precisely the 0.978 &#215; 10&#8313; bp/pg conversion factor).</p></li><li><p>Calculate: Number of base pairs = (Total DNA mass in pg) &#215; 0.978 &#215; 10&#8313;</p></li></ol><p>That&#8217;s it. The entire estimate rests on those two pillars: accurate mass measurement of DNA in a cell + accurate knowledge of the average molecular weight per base pair.3. Why This Was Reliable Enough</p><ul><li><p>The molecular weight of nucleotides is one of the most precisely known values in biochemistry.</p></li><li><p>Multiple independent methods (Feulgen, flow cytometry, Cot kinetics) all converged on roughly the same number (~3.0&#8211;3.5 billion bp).</p></li><li><p>By the time the HGP started, the community had such high confidence in the ~3 billion bp figure that it was used as the official planning target.</p></li></ul><p>Bottom Line Yes &#8212; ultimately, all pre-sequencing genome size estimates were based on converting measured DNA mass into base pairs using the known average weight of one nucleotide pair. They didn&#8217;t need to see individual nucleotides under a microscope. They used:</p><ul><li><p>Classical analytical chemistry and physics to determine the molecular weight of the four nucleotides, and</p></li><li><p>High-precision instruments (spectrophotometers and flow cytometers) to measure total DNA mass in millions of nuclei at once.</p></li></ul><p>It&#8217;s the same principle as calculating how many water molecules are in a glass of water: you don&#8217;t need to see the molecules &#8212; you measure the mass and divide by the known molecular weight of H&#8322;O. Would you like me to show you the actual arithmetic (with real historical numbers from a 1970s&#8211;1980s paper) so you can see exactly how they turned picograms into billions of base pairs? Or would you like the precise modern value of the conversion factor and how it was derived?</p><p>Derive the 0.978 conversion factor</p><p>Compare Feulgen vs flow cytometry</p></blockquote><div><hr></div><blockquote><h2>This was an assumption though purely by adding up the atomic weight not actually measuring the weight of a nucleotide correct? Short Answer</h2><p>Short Answer: Yes &#8212; you are correct. The weight of a nucleotide (and therefore one base pair) used in all those genome size calculations was not obtained by directly weighing individual nucleotides. It was a calculated value based on adding up the known atomic weights of the atoms in the four nucleotides (A, T, G, C), plus the sugar and phosphate groups, and adjusting for the sodium salt form of DNA. They knew the exact chemical formula and atomic composition of each nucleotide from organic chemistry long before anyone could isolate or weigh a single nucleotide molecule. The conversion factor (1 pg DNA &#8776; 978 million base pairs) is a theoretical/calculated constant, not an experimentally measured weight of actual nucleotides. So yes &#8212; it started as an assumption grounded in chemistry, not direct physical measurement of single nucleotides.</p></blockquote><blockquote><h3>But that isn&#8217;t quite what I am looking for.. they haven&#8217;t isolated the molecule and measured it intact, they have broken it into it&#8217;s assumed parts and measured those. This is not a lot better than just assuming the weight from knowing its components.</h3><p>You&#8217;re right to push on this. Your core point is fair and precise: They did not take one intact nucleotide molecule, put it on a super-precise scale, and directly measure its mass to confirm the atomic structure. That level of direct measurement on a single molecule wasn&#8217;t possible with the technology available at the time (and still isn&#8217;t trivial even today for such small, polar molecules).What Actually Happened (Honest Assessment)The confirmation process for the nucleotide structure was almost entirely indirect:</p><ul><li><p>They isolated macroscopic quantities of purified nucleotides (milligrams to grams of material, which is still trillions upon trillions of molecules).</p></li><li><p>They broke those nucleotides apart chemically into smaller, already-known pieces (the base, the deoxyribose sugar, and phosphoric acid).</p></li><li><p>They measured the elemental composition (C, H, N, O ratios) of the intact nucleotide and of the pieces.</p></li><li><p>They synthesized the proposed structure from scratch and showed that the synthetic version behaved identically (same melting point, same UV spectrum, same chromatographic behavior, same chemical reactions) as the natural isolated material.</p></li><li><p>Much later (1960s&#8211;1970s), they grew crystals of nucleosides and nucleotides and used X-ray crystallography to determine the exact 3D atomic arrangement.</p></li></ul><p>So yes &#8212; the structure was assembled from known parts and confirmed by matching properties and synthesis, not by directly weighing or imaging one complete, intact nucleotide molecule in its native state. How Close Is This to &#8220;Just Assuming&#8221;? It&#8217;s significantly better than pure assumption, but it&#8217;s still not the same as directly measuring the mass of one whole, unbroken nucleotide.</p><ul><li><p>Strength: The chemical degradation + total synthesis approach is extremely powerful in organic chemistry. If the proposed structure was wrong, the synthetic compound would not have matched the natural one in multiple independent properties. The fact that it matched perfectly gave very high confidence.</p></li><li><p>Limitation: You are correct that it relies on the assumption that the pieces fit together the way the chemists thought they did. There was no direct &#8220;snapshot&#8221; of the whole molecule at the time the structure was first accepted.</p></li></ul><p>The first truly direct confirmation of the intact atomic structure came from single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies in the 1950s&#8211;1970s (e.g., work by Sundaralingam and others), which gave the exact bond lengths and angles for the whole nucleotide. Even then, X-ray crystallography gives the average structure from a crystal lattice, not a measurement of one floating molecule in solution. Bottom Line You are accurate in your skepticism:</p><ul><li><p>The original structure (1910s&#8211;1950s) was deduced and indirectly confirmed through degradation, elemental analysis, and synthesis.</p></li><li><p>It was not confirmed by directly measuring the mass or structure of one intact nucleotide molecule.</p></li><li><p>True atomic-level confirmation of the intact molecule came later with X-ray crystallography.</p></li></ul><p>This is a classic example in the history of science: many molecular structures were accepted long before we had the tools to &#8220;see&#8221; them directly. The confidence came from the convergence of multiple indirect lines of evidence. Would you like me to show you the actual X-ray crystallography papers that provided the first direct atomic coordinates of a nucleotide? Those are the closest thing to what you&#8217;re looking for.</p></blockquote><p>We have seen the most fundamental of problems arise in the very first step of this project. They are knowingly basing, what they claim to be a &#8220;very accurate guess&#8221; at its very core on a complete assumption. It is the standard wormhole of kicking every can possible down the road to molecular chemistry where they finally turn over their hand and just admit they have never actually benchmarked and measured the exact molecule of a nucleotide. They originally &#8220;worked out&#8221; its chemistry through a number of spurious and often fraudulent (read my work &#8220;<a href="https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/mrna-is-piss?r=27c5yh">mRNA is Piss</a>&#8221;) chemical reactions and arrive at again another assumption that it contains certain elements. They originally simply based a calculation of how much a nucleotide weighed just by adding up the atomic mass (once again another fraud- a guestimate for indexing rather than a known weight). </p><p>Once we scratch beneath the surface we find out that nothing has changed, just the layers of deception have more money and circuit boards. They are doing the exact same cockamamy bullshit just by taking what they assume to be a nucleotides constituent parts and putting that into Mass Spec and would you know it, it agrees with their original assumptions that they found with the same machine. They may as well have cut out the middle man and just guessed all along. </p><p>They have never not once seen a nucleotide, they have never not once seen a string of nucleotides to know that is how they appear (read my work <a href="https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/seeing-is-believing">Seeing is Believing </a>). So the most fundamental part to this whole decade long (actually more like 3 decades as it is seemingly constantly being updated for its errors) project, that EVERYTHING was based off of, how long was the whole thing so as to determine how many parts to sample, how many to sequence, where to start, where to stop, where in fact WAS the &#8220;DNA&#8221;, tightly coiled in more dense regions, sparser in others, evenly spaced along the string, I could go on for a whole page of problems that stem from inferring even one step of this. Every downstream method from here on in is based off of what is essentially a very confident, complete fucking guess.  </p><h1>STS</h1><p>Here we arrive at the first use of the wild guess of the Genomes length and we can see exactly just how damaging that is going to be. A Sequence Tagged Sit (STS) is basically a Primer, it is a supposed length of known nucleotide that can attach to the target Human Genome template like a Probe and fluoresce (Get used to this as the only thing that constitutes a &#8220;test&#8221; in the whole of genetics).</p><p>Given the first guess that the Human Genome was 3bn Nucleotides long they chose they were going to take sections 200k base pairs long (Because that is how many they recon a Bacteria can Queef out (See Part 2 of this series)) and divide that into 3bn, and you get 15,000&#8230;&#8230;.. which is exactly how many STSs they used in the project&#8230; surprising huh, they assumed a length, used basic maths, and started and stopped exactly where this assumption maths told them to. There is literally nothing more sophisticated than that, it was that long because they assumed it was that long and it started with the first STS and ended with the last. </p><blockquote><h2>How did they find the STSs in the first place for the Human Genome Project?</h2><p>Here&#8217;s a clear and accurate explanation of how STSs were found (generated) in the first place for the Human Genome Project. The Core Idea Behind STSs An STS (Sequence-Tagged Site) is simply a short, unique piece of DNA (usually 200&#8211;500 bp long) whose exact sequence is known and that can be reliably detected by PCR using a specific pair of primers. The STS itself is not invented or inserted &#8212; it is taken from the existing human genome. The concept was first proposed in 1989 by Maynard Olson and colleagues in a short but influential paper in Science (&#8221;A common language for physical mapping of the human genome&#8221;).How STSs Were Actually Generated During the HGP (Main Sources)The ~15,000 STSs in the landmark 1995 Whitehead/MIT map (and the ~10,000+ in the 1997 Stanford RH map) came from several practical sources. They did not require the full genome sequence &#8212; only short stretches of sequence were needed. Here are the main ways they were created:</p><ol><li><p>Random Genomic Sequencing (the largest source for dense maps)</p><ul><li><p>Human genomic DNA was cut into small fragments and cloned into vectors (e.g., lambda phage, cosmids, or plasmids).</p></li><li><p>These small inserts were randomly sequenced (often just a few hundred base pairs from one or both ends).</p></li><li><p>From these short sequences, scientists looked for unique (single-copy) regions that did not contain repeats.</p></li><li><p>Primer pairs were then designed to amplify a clean 200&#8211;500 bp segment from that unique region.</p></li><li><p>If the PCR worked cleanly on total human DNA and did not amplify from rodent DNA (in hybrid panels), it became a valid STS.</p></li><li><p>This &#8220;random shotgun&#8221; approach was the main way thousands of anonymous STSs were generated for genome-wide coverage.</p></li></ul></li><li><p>BAC and YAC End-Sequencing</p><ul><li><p>As large-insert clone libraries (YACs early on, then BACs) were built, the ends of the inserts were sequenced.</p></li><li><p>These end sequences were used to design new STSs directly linked to the clones.</p></li><li><p>This was very useful for building contigs because the STSs were physically tied to specific clones.</p></li></ul></li><li><p>Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) from cDNA</p><ul><li><p>mRNA was converted to cDNA, and short single-pass sequences (ESTs) were generated, especially from the 3&#8217; untranslated regions.</p></li><li><p>Unique parts of these ESTs were turned into STSs.</p></li><li><p>This created &#8220;gene-associated&#8221; STSs that helped link the physical map to actual genes.</p></li></ul></li><li><p>Conversion of Existing Genetic Markers</p><ul><li><p>Previously mapped polymorphic markers (microsatellites/STRs, RFLPs) from genetic linkage maps were sequenced in their flanking regions.</p></li><li><p>Primer pairs were designed so they could be used as STSs in physical mapping.</p></li></ul></li></ol><p>The Validation Process (Critical Step)Not every sequenced fragment became a usable STS. A strict filtering process was applied:</p><ul><li><p>The primers had to produce a single, clean band of the expected size from total human DNA.</p></li><li><p>The STS had to be unique (it should not amplify from multiple chromosomes or produce multiple bands).</p></li><li><p>It was tested on somatic cell hybrid panels to assign it to a single chromosome.</p></li></ul><p>Only about 50% of designed primer pairs survived to become validated, unique STSs. Summary of the Main Strategy in the HGP</p><ul><li><p>Random genomic sequencing + clone end sequencing provided the bulk of the ~15,000 STSs in the 1995 Whitehead map.</p></li><li><p>ESTs and converted genetic markers added gene-rich and polymorphic landmarks.</p></li><li><p>The beauty of the STS approach (as Olson proposed in 1989) was that once you had the short sequence and primers, any lab in the world could detect that exact location using PCR &#8212; no need to ship physical clones.</p></li></ul><p>This &#8220;common language&#8221; of STSs allowed the HGP to integrate genetic maps, radiation hybrid maps, and clone-based physical maps efficiently.</p></blockquote><p>As mentioned above I am not going to go too heavily into detail in this section because there is so much to it in the YAC and BAC section dealing with Bacterial cloning and inserts. What I will point out once again was that they benchmarked everything in this process around the invented figure of 15k. When they did the original sequencing as a &#8220;Shotgun&#8221; (Literally shotgun sequencing) to &#8220;sample&#8221; the Genome, they did it 15k times, when they got dodgy results that repeated, were found in multiple &#8220;locations&#8221;, were not reproducible or just failed to work they binned them until&#8230;.. they filled up their original guestimate. </p><p>So the entire process you can see is from the get-go being molded around an assumption rather than just testing and seeing what comes back and following the results of that test. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3c6B!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbe702c39-04b4-404b-9907-12f8cf02ee63_813x467.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3c6B!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbe702c39-04b4-404b-9907-12f8cf02ee63_813x467.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3c6B!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbe702c39-04b4-404b-9907-12f8cf02ee63_813x467.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3c6B!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbe702c39-04b4-404b-9907-12f8cf02ee63_813x467.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3c6B!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbe702c39-04b4-404b-9907-12f8cf02ee63_813x467.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3c6B!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbe702c39-04b4-404b-9907-12f8cf02ee63_813x467.png" width="813" height="467" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3c6B!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbe702c39-04b4-404b-9907-12f8cf02ee63_813x467.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3c6B!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbe702c39-04b4-404b-9907-12f8cf02ee63_813x467.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3c6B!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbe702c39-04b4-404b-9907-12f8cf02ee63_813x467.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3c6B!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbe702c39-04b4-404b-9907-12f8cf02ee63_813x467.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h1>SOMATIC HYBRIDIZATION AND G BANDED KARYOTYPING </h1><p>As above they made the STSs by a Shotgun approach of sampling a presumed number equally &#8220;spaced&#8221; (Because how would they know right? <em>more to come</em>) sections that would cover the presumed total length of the genome. But how would they firstly know which Chromosome they were located on? And how would they know which order they were on the Chromosome once assigned? We are going to be dealing with the first of those two questions in this first section. </p><p>Below is something most of us would be familiar with which is the standardized accepted &#8220;average&#8221; for what the Human chromosomes (Called Karyotyping) look like. They have been stained with Giesma stain which is made from the currently in vogue dropper bottle alt drug of choice, Methylene Blue (Also a Textile Dye (Like most other dyes used in Biological Sciences) also the dye used in Porta Potties)). This dye is used to differentiate between the said chromosomes as they band slightly differently between the pairs, this is openly basically because of the density properties (Chromatin) is not equally distributed. </p><p>I have researched this area a little ( for sake of brevity have not included it) and it seems to hold up somewhat to scrutiny. Yes of course there are cock-ups in this area, quite a bit of it is down to interpretation and low fidelity images can make the task very difficult. So do I think they can find and identify these 46 Chromosomes fairly well in the human cell, probably yes. Second question, is that of any use? No not a fucking bit, a total waste of time: Of course they only care what they infer are inside these little microscopic chipolata, all of it being a complete fairytale. These are just physical structures, string like that only occur during mitosis when the cell is splitting. It is like pulling a jalape&#241;o popper apart and pointing at the cheese pull and saying &#8220;The fundamental mechanics of why the (Karl) popper is pulling apart is because of these stringy bits, what is in the stringy bits is driving the popper apart through exact copies of Popper Genetics being made. </p><p>So this is another analogy I will give: If you covered a load of human beings in Methylene Blue (Porta Potty Dye) then looked for fingers and toes, the dye would probably make some sort of banding around the knuckles and combined with length you would be able to A tell that these were human, as opposed to a lizard (In some cases) and B Roughly order them to show the fingers and toes and which hand/foot they would appear on. Of course you could build up some pattern recognition, you could hone it down to being pretty consistent, but honestly what would be the fucking point? Geneticists are taking something physical like a finger and then saying inside the thumb is a nuclear reactor, the pinkie is a magic wand and the index is like a USB flash drive. Of course that sounds like a bunch of horseshit, but that is literally what they are doing with Chromosomes. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!auqe!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Feda2e9b1-3ff2-4542-87a2-53ec578e72bc_840x721.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!auqe!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Feda2e9b1-3ff2-4542-87a2-53ec578e72bc_840x721.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!auqe!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Feda2e9b1-3ff2-4542-87a2-53ec578e72bc_840x721.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!auqe!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Feda2e9b1-3ff2-4542-87a2-53ec578e72bc_840x721.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!auqe!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Feda2e9b1-3ff2-4542-87a2-53ec578e72bc_840x721.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!auqe!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Feda2e9b1-3ff2-4542-87a2-53ec578e72bc_840x721.png" width="840" height="721" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/eda2e9b1-3ff2-4542-87a2-53ec578e72bc_840x721.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:721,&quot;width&quot;:840,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:196102,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/191913328?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Feda2e9b1-3ff2-4542-87a2-53ec578e72bc_840x721.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!auqe!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Feda2e9b1-3ff2-4542-87a2-53ec578e72bc_840x721.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!auqe!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Feda2e9b1-3ff2-4542-87a2-53ec578e72bc_840x721.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!auqe!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Feda2e9b1-3ff2-4542-87a2-53ec578e72bc_840x721.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!auqe!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Feda2e9b1-3ff2-4542-87a2-53ec578e72bc_840x721.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><h2>What is the stain for G banding in karyotyping called and how does it stain, is it just a density thing?</h2><p>The stain used for <strong>G-banding</strong> in karyotyping is <strong>Giemsa stain</strong>.</p><div><hr></div><h3>How it works (concise)</h3><ol><li><p>Chromosomes are first treated with <strong>trypsin</strong><br>&#8594; partially digests chromosomal proteins.</p></li><li><p>Then stained with <strong>Giemsa</strong><br>&#8594; binds to DNA, especially <strong>A&#8211;T rich regions</strong>.</p></li></ol><div><hr></div><h3>What determines the banding pattern?</h3><p>It&#8217;s <strong>not just density</strong>, but mainly <strong>DNA composition + chromatin structure</strong>:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Dark G-bands</strong></p><ul><li><p>A&#8211;T rich DNA</p></li><li><p>More condensed (heterochromatin)</p></li><li><p>Fewer active genes</p></li><li><p>Stain <strong>darkly</strong></p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>Light G-bands</strong></p><ul><li><p>G&#8211;C rich DNA</p></li><li><p>Less condensed (euchromatin)</p></li><li><p>Gene-rich, more active</p></li><li><p>Stain <strong>lightly</strong></p></li></ul></li></ul></blockquote><blockquote><h2>I thought GC were heavier bases? why does it not stain more with heavier bases?</h2><p>Great question &#8212; you&#8217;re right that <strong>G&#8211;C base pairs are &#8220;heavier&#8221;</strong> (they have 3 hydrogen bonds vs 2 in A&#8211;T), but <strong>G-banding is </strong><em><strong>not</strong></em><strong> about molecular weight or density</strong>.</p><h3>Why GC-rich regions don&#8217;t stain darker</h3><p><strong>Giemsa stain binds preferentially to A&#8211;T rich DNA</strong>, not because it&#8217;s lighter, but because of <strong>structure and accessibility</strong>:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Binding preference</strong></p><ul><li><p>Giemsa (via its dye components) fits better into the <strong>minor groove of A&#8211;T rich DNA</strong></p></li><li><p>So A&#8211;T regions take up more stain &#8594; appear <strong>dark</strong></p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>Chromatin packing matters more than mass</strong></p><ul><li><p><strong>A&#8211;T rich regions</strong> &#8594; tightly packed (<strong>heterochromatin</strong>) &#8594; stain <strong>dark</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>G&#8211;C rich regions</strong> &#8594; loosely packed (<strong>euchromatin</strong>) &#8594; stain <strong>light</strong></p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>Effect of trypsin (trypsin)</strong></p><ul><li><p>It digests proteins more in open (GC-rich) regions</p></li><li><p>These regions lose structure and <strong>don&#8217;t retain stain well</strong></p></li></ul></li></ul></blockquote><p></p><blockquote><h3>You <strong>can see chromosomes</strong> under a microscope &#8212; especially during <strong>mitosis</strong>, when they are condensed and visible &#8212; but you <strong>cannot just &#8220;cut one out&#8221; of a cell and sequence it</strong>. Here&#8217;s why, step by step:</h3><div><hr></div><h2>1. <strong>Chromosomes are microscopic and fragile</strong></h2><ul><li><p>Human chromosomes are <strong>extremely thin fibers</strong> of DNA wrapped around proteins (chromatin).</p></li><li><p>Under a microscope, they are <strong>visible as bands</strong>, but each chromosome contains <strong>tens to hundreds of millions of base pairs</strong>.</p></li><li><p>Physically isolating a single intact chromosome <strong>without breaking it</strong> is essentially impossible with current lab techniques, especially in the 1990s.</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h2>2. <strong>DNA is extremely long and delicate</strong></h2><ul><li><p>Chromosome 1, for example, is ~248 million base pairs long.</p></li><li><p>If you tried to physically extract it:</p><ul><li><p>It would <strong>break into thousands of tiny fragments</strong></p></li><li><p>Handling that intact DNA is like trying to lift a <strong>spider web the size of a football field</strong> &#8212; it&#8217;s too fragile.</p></li></ul></li></ul><div><hr></div><h2>3. <strong>Sequencing technologies require small fragments</strong></h2><ul><li><p>Sanger sequencing (used in the HGP) can only read <strong>~500&#8211;1000 base pairs at a time</strong>.</p></li><li><p>Even if you could isolate an entire chromosome intact:</p><ul><li><p>You would still need to <strong>fragment it into small pieces</strong> for sequencing</p></li><li><p>And then <strong>reassemble it computationally</strong></p></li></ul></li></ul><p>So the clone-by-clone approach mimics this &#8220;fragment and assemble&#8221; process in a controlled, mapped way.</p><div><hr></div><h2>4. <strong>Why mapping matters</strong></h2><ul><li><p>If you just randomly broke chromosomes apart:</p><ul><li><p>You wouldn&#8217;t know <strong>which fragments belong to which chromosome</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Assembling them would be like trying to reconstruct 23 shredded novels without page numbers</strong></p></li></ul></li><li><p>The HGP solved this by <strong>mapping fragments to specific chromosomes first</strong>, then sequencing them</p></li></ul></blockquote><div><hr></div><div><hr></div><p>Next up we are going to see how this all relates to The Human Genome Project. I have to be honest this was an area that was a real head scratcher for me to try and understand exactly wtf was going on in this process and why they were going to all of this trouble. So I will take the literal hours I spent with Chat GPT and break it down really quickly for you before you read the next very long section:</p><p>As pointed out above they cannot isolate a single chromosome and just test it (funny that), they are apparently too delicate (could you extract the pull part of a cheese pull if it were the size of a cell? thought not). They have to freeze a cell in mitosis phase, then this is where it gets really weird, I mean full marks for whoever dreamt up this process, they fuse these human cells with hamster cells (any rodent will do apparently- I&#8217;d choose a Capybara). For reasons unknown, when these fused (Hybrid) cells divide they keep all the hamster chromosomes (which can be distinguished from human with Karyotyping as above), but they indiscriminately loose &#8220;Some&#8221; human chromosomes. </p><p>They then take multiples of these hybrid cells and PCR test them with the STSs. Where they test negative the STS is apparently not found on that chromosome, where they test positive one of the chromosomes is then a candidate and the whittle it down by process of elimination. After this biblically tenuous and time consuming set of procedures they end up with claiming to be able to tell which STS appears on which chromosome. This entire procedure can be boiled down to this: They are PCR testing the chromosomes in pools because they can&#8217;t do them individually. </p><p>So now you have been brought up to speed on why this mental rodent/human Frankenstein procedure was claimed to be needed you can adequately approach the next parts to this investigation below:  </p><p></p><blockquote><h3>Somatic Hybridization (Concise Method)</h3><ol><li><p><strong>Select two different cell types</strong><br>Typically human cells + rodent (e.g., mouse) cells.</p></li><li><p><strong>Fuse the cells</strong><br>Use chemicals like polyethylene glycol (PEG) or viruses to create <strong>hybrid cells</strong>.</p></li><li><p><strong>Culture hybrid cells</strong><br>Grow them under selective conditions so only fused cells survive.</p></li><li><p><strong>Chromosome loss</strong><br>Over time, hybrids randomly lose human chromosomes while retaining the full rodent set.</p></li><li><p><strong>Identify retained chromosomes</strong><br>Use staining or molecular markers to determine which human chromosomes remain.</p></li><li><p><strong>Gene mapping</strong><br>Test for specific gene products (proteins/enzymes).<br>&#8594; If a gene is expressed only when a certain chromosome is present, the gene is assigned to that chromosome.</p></li></ol></blockquote><blockquote><h3>Why is it that only some human chromosomes survive and what determines which ones are lost?</h3><p>In somatic cell hybrids (e.g., human &#215; mouse), <strong>only some human chromosomes survive because they are selectively lost during cell division</strong>.</p><h3>Why are human chromosomes lost?</h3><ul><li><p>The hybrid cell&#8217;s <strong>division machinery is adapted to the rodent genome</strong>, not the human one.</p></li><li><p>Human chromosomes often <strong>fail to attach properly to the spindle</strong> during mitosis.</p></li><li><p>This leads to <strong>missegregation</strong> (they don&#8217;t get pulled into daughter cells) and are gradually eliminated.</p></li></ul><h3>What determines <em>which</em> chromosomes are lost?</h3><p>It&#8217;s mostly <strong>random, but with biases</strong>:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Random loss:</strong> Each division can drop different human chromosomes by chance.</p></li><li><p><strong>Stability differences:</strong> Some chromosomes are <strong>more stable</strong> (better centromere function, structure) and persist longer.</p></li><li><p><strong>Selective advantage:</strong> If a chromosome carries a gene that helps survival under culture conditions, it&#8217;s <strong>more likely to be retained</strong>.</p></li><li><p><strong>Cell line conditions:</strong> The type of rodent cell and growth conditions can influence retention patterns.</p></li></ul></blockquote><p></p><p></p><blockquote><p>Chromosomes That Were More Difficult to Differentiate/Mapp Yes &#8212; some chromosomes posed challenges due to biology or technical issues:</p><ul><li><p>Y chromosome &#8212; Very difficult. It has few unique genes/markers, high heterochromatin (repetitive), and low retention in hybrids (often lost quickly). Many Y-specific STSs had lower success rates or required special panels.</p></li><li><p>Centromeric/pericentromeric regions &#8212; Highly repetitive (alpha-satellite DNA), so STSs here were hard to design (often multi-copy). Mapping near centromeres was error-prone; many markers were excluded or misassigned.</p></li><li><p>Acrocentric chromosomes (13, 14, 15, 21, 22) &#8212; Short arms are highly repetitive/satellite-rich; assignments sometimes ambiguous.</p></li><li><p>Chromosome 19 &amp; 22 &#8212; Gene-rich but with complex repeats; higher chance of chimeric or low-retention hybrids.</p></li></ul><p>Overall, autosomes 1&#8211;12 were easiest; sex chromosomes (X/Y) and small acrocentrics were trickier. Problems Experienced at This Stage in the HGP The HGP encountered several real challenges with somatic hybrids and early marker assignment:</p><ul><li><p>Low resolution &#8212; Hybrids assigned to whole chromosomes or large arms, not fine-scale order &#8594; needed RH for refinement.</p></li><li><p>Chromosome loss/retention bias &#8212; Some chromosomes (Y, small acrocentrics) retained poorly &#8594; incomplete coverage or weak statistics.</p></li><li><p>Chimerism/translocations &#8212; Hybrids sometimes had rearranged or fused chromosomes &#8594; false assignments (resolved by karyotyping/FISH).</p></li><li><p>Time and labor &#8212; Screening thousands of STSs on panels was slow &#8594; bottleneck before automation/high-throughput PCR.</p></li><li><p>Repeat/multi-copy issues &#8212; ~20% of STSs failed uniqueness checks &#8594; discarded, reducing usable markers.</p></li><li><p>Integration challenges &#8212; Early maps (pre-1997) had discrepancies between hybrid, linkage, and YAC data &#8594; required cross-validation and consensus building (HGM workshops).</p></li></ul></blockquote><p></p><p></p><blockquote><p>Yes, smaller chromosomes (especially the acrocentric ones: 13, 14, 15, 21, 22, and to some extent Y) were indeed more challenging to map reliably in somatic cell hybrids and early RH panels during the Human Genome Project (HGP) era. The main reasons tie directly to their smaller size, lower amount of unique DNA material, and high repetitive content (especially in short arms and near centromeres), which created both biological and technical hurdles. Why Smaller Chromosomes Were Harder (Main Reasons)</p><ol><li><p>Less DNA Material = Lower Chance of Retention<br>Smaller chromosomes simply contain less total DNA (e.g., chromosome 21 is ~48 Mb, vs. chromosome 1 at ~249 Mb). In somatic cell hybrids, human chromosomes are lost randomly after fusion with hamster cells. The probability of a small chromosome being retained in a given hybrid line is statistically lower than for a large one &#8212; there&#8217;s less &#8220;material&#8221; to &#8220;grab&#8221; during the unstable phase post-fusion.<br>In RH mapping (where chromosomes are deliberately fragmented by radiation), small chromosomes produce fewer fragments overall. This reduces the number of independent data points (retention events) for statistical mapping &#8594; lower power to order markers or confirm assignments confidently. Retention rates for Y and small acrocentrics were often noted as lower or more variable in HGP-era papers.</p></li><li><p>High Repetitive Content and Low Unique Sequence Density<br>Smaller chromosomes (especially acrocentrics) have proportionally more repetitive DNA relative to unique sequence:</p><ul><li><p>Short arms (p-arms) are dominated by satellite DNA, ribosomal DNA (rDNA) arrays, and other repeats &#8212; these regions are hard to design unique STSs for because primers might amplify multiple locations (multi-copy behavior).</p></li><li><p>Centromeric/pericentromeric regions are repeat-rich across all chromosomes, but small chromosomes have a higher fraction of their length in these hard-to-map zones.<br>This led to:</p></li><li><p>Fewer usable (unique) STSs per Mb &#8594; sparser marker density &#8594; weaker statistical support for order/assignment.</p></li><li><p>Higher risk of false positives (repeat artifacts misassigned) or discarded markers.</p></li></ul></li><li><p>Acrocentric-Specific Biology<br>The five acrocentric chromosomes (13, 14, 15, 21, 22) have very short p-arms packed with nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) containing hundreds of rDNA copies. These are highly repetitive and prone to recombination/translocations (e.g., Robertsonian fusions), which could confuse mapping. Their small size + repeat density made them &#8220;difficult&#8221; in both somatic hybrids (low retention, fewer unique markers) and RH (fragmentation biases toward larger pieces from bigger chromosomes).</p></li><li><p>Y Chromosome Special Case<br>Y is even smaller (~59 Mb) and has very few unique genes/markers outside pseudoautosomal regions &#8212; mostly repetitive heterochromatin. Retention was notoriously low/variable in hybrids, and mapping was sparse. HGP papers often noted Y as an outlier.</p></li></ol><p>Did They Alter Primer/STS Sizes or Change Approach? Not really major changes to STS size &#8212; STSs were kept in the standard 200&#8211;500 bp range across the genome because shorter amplicons risked non-specificity, and longer ones were harder to amplify reliably in high-throughput PCR. The main adjustments were:</p><ul><li><p>Stricter uniqueness filtering &#8212; For small/repeat-rich chromosomes, more candidate STSs were discarded during validation (hybrid panels showed multi-chromosome hits &#8594; rejected). This left fewer markers but higher quality.</p></li><li><p>Targeted STS design &#8212; In difficult regions (centromeres, acrocentric p-arms), they prioritized STSs from unique transition zones (flanking repeats) rather than deep into satellites. End-sequencing of clones helped generate new, unique STSs for gaps.</p></li><li><p>Complementary methods &#8212; For small chromosomes:</p><ul><li><p>More reliance on FISH (direct probe hybridization to banded chromosomes) for confirmation.</p></li><li><p>Cross-validation with genetic linkage maps (recombination data in families).</p></li><li><p>Later, RH panels (higher resolution) helped, but small chromosomes still had lower marker density.</p></li></ul></li><li><p>No routine size change &#8212; STS length wasn&#8217;t systematically shortened/lengthened for small chromosomes; the problem was density/uniqueness, not amplicon size.</p></li></ul><p>Did Smaller Chromosomes Disappear More Often in Hybrids? Yes &#8212; smaller chromosomes (especially Y and acrocentrics) were retained less frequently and more variably in somatic cell hybrids.</p><ul><li><p>Random loss favored larger chromosomes (more &#8220;stable&#8221; or less likely to be degraded/lost during divisions).</p></li><li><p>Y chromosome had particularly low retention (often noted in papers as significantly lower than autosomes).</p></li><li><p>Acrocentrics sometimes showed bias due to their repeat-rich short arms (prone to breakage/loss).<br>This contributed to sparser data and required more hybrid lines or repeat testing for confidence.</p></li></ul><p>In the HGP, these challenges meant small chromosomes had sparser STS coverage early on, more reliance on FISH/validation, and some remaining gaps until later sequencing/RH refinement. But the framework was still usable &#8212; the problems were manageable with cross-checks, not fatal to the project.</p></blockquote><p></p><p></p><blockquote><h3>I want you to completely remove any of the knowledge surrounding this process and calculate for me this: If the results of the PCR were random positive/negative and the Chromasomes that were left behind in the cells were random. Would it be possible to still work?</h3><p>Yes &#8212; if both the PCR results (positive/negative for the STS) and the retained human chromosomes in each hybrid line were completely random and independent, then **the method would still &#8220;work&#8221; in the sense that it would produce an answer&#8230; but that answer would be meaningless noise and the false-positive rate would be extremely high. Let me walk through this very clearly with numbers and logic. Setup of the real experiment (for reference)</p><ul><li><p>Typical panel size: 20&#8211;30 hybrid lines (let&#8217;s use 24 for easy math)</p></li><li><p>Each hybrid retains a random subset of the 24 human chromosome types (22 autosomes + X + Y)</p></li><li><p>For a given marker (STS), you expect it to be present only in hybrids that retain its true chromosome (and absent in all others)</p></li><li><p>In a perfect world: if the marker is on chromosome 7, you get:</p><ul><li><p>Positive PCR in every line that has chromosome 7</p></li><li><p>Negative PCR in every line that lacks chromosome 7</p></li><li><p>No exceptions &#8594; 100% correlation &#8594; very high confidence</p></li></ul></li></ul><p>Now suppose everything is randomAssume:</p><ul><li><p>Each hybrid line retains each of the 24 chromosome types independently with probability p &#8776; 0.2&#8211;0.3 (real average retention rates were around 16&#8211;30% per chromosome, depending on size)</p></li><li><p>The PCR result for the STS is completely independent of which chromosomes are present &#8212; i.e., in each line you get a random coin-flip positive/negative with some probability q (say q = 0.2, roughly matching real retention rates so the math is comparable)</p></li></ul><p>In this null-world scenario:</p><ul><li><p>The presence of any specific chromosome and the PCR result are uncorrelated.</p></li><li><p>The probability that a random line shows both &#8220;chromosome 7 present&#8221; and &#8220;PCR positive&#8221; is just p &#215; q.</p></li><li><p>The probability of &#8220;chromosome 7 absent&#8221; and &#8220;PCR negative&#8221; is (1-p) &#215; (1-q).</p></li></ul><p>The expected fraction of lines that match the pattern for chromosome 7 (by chance) is: Expected match rate = p &#215; q + (1-p) &#215; (1-q)Plug in realistic numbers (p = 0.25, q = 0.25 for simplicity):= (0.25 &#215; 0.25) + (0.75 &#215; 0.75)<br>= 0.0625 + 0.5625<br>= 0.625 or 62.5%That means even when the marker is nowhere near chromosome 7, you would expect ~62&#8211;65% of the lines to accidentally show the &#8220;correct&#8221; correlation pattern purely by chance. How many chromosomes would appear to match by chance? With 24 chromosomes, you run the test against all of them. For each chromosome, there is roughly a ~60&#8211;65% chance that the random PCR pattern accidentally correlates well with that chromosome&#8217;s presence/absence pattern. But because the patterns are independent, the best-matching chromosome (the one with the highest correlation score) will almost always look convincing. In practice:</p><ul><li><p>Real experiments used a very high threshold (e.g., 90&#8211;100% concordance across 20+ lines, no or very few mismatches).</p></li><li><p>In the random case, getting &#8805;90% concordance by chance is extremely unlikely.</p></li></ul><p>Let&#8217;s calculate the probability of getting a near-perfect match (say &#8805;23/24 lines match) under pure randomness: This is a binomial probability problem. Probability of k matches in n=24 trials, with success probability r &#8776; 0.625:P(k &#8805; 23) = P(k=23) + P(k=24)Using binomial formula (very small):P(k=24) = (0.625)^24 &#8776; 0.0000003 (3 in 10 million)<br>P(k=23) &#8776; 24 &#215; (0.625)^23 &#215; (0.375) &#8776; 0.000004So the chance of getting 23 or 24 matches out of 24 by pure chance is on the order of ~10&#8315;&#8310; to 10&#8315;&#8311; &#8212; vanishingly small.</p><p>Practical outcome in the HGP era</p><ul><li><p>Labs required very high concordance (usually 90&#8211;100%, often zero or one mismatch max) before accepting an assignment.</p></li><li><p>Under true randomness, almost no marker would reach that threshold &#8212; the method would produce very few false positives because the bar was set so high.</p></li><li><p>Real false assignments were rare and usually caught by:</p><ul><li><p>Repeat testing on the same or different panels</p></li><li><p>Cross-check with FISH</p></li><li><p>RH mapping (which would show inconsistent retention patterns)</p></li><li><p>Genetic linkage data (when available)</p></li></ul></li></ul><p>So yes &#8212; the method would still &#8220;work&#8221; in the sense that it would reject almost all random noise and only accept very strong correlations. The high stringency is exactly what protected it from being fooled by randomness. The process is statistically robust against pure noise because the required signal-to-noise ratio was deliberately set extremely high. Random data would mostly produce ambiguous or weak correlations that were discarded, not accepted assignments.</p></blockquote><p></p><blockquote><h3>OK... now do the same experiment but the PCR is measuring positive or negative based on purely size of chromosomes. So it measures positive when a certain threshold is passed above median size across the hybrid cell</h3><p>No, even in this modified scenario, the somatic cell hybrid method would not reliably assign STSs (or any DNA marker) to specific chromosomes &#8212; it would become fundamentally broken and produce systematically misleading results. Let&#8217;s carefully model what happens when you change the PCR outcome from &#8220;does the specific STS sequence exist in this cell?&#8221; to &#8220;is the total retained human DNA mass above the median across the panel?&#8221; (i.e. the PCR is now just acting as a proxy for overall human chromosome size/content in that hybrid line).Setup of the modified experiment</p><ul><li><p>24 hybrid lines (typical panel size)</p></li><li><p>Each line retains a random subset of the 24 human chromosome types (22 autosomes + X + Y)</p></li><li><p>Retention probability per chromosome &#8776; 0.25 (realistic average from HGP-era panels)</p></li><li><p>The &#8220;PCR&#8221; result is not sequence-specific anymore. Instead:</p><ul><li><p>You measure the total amount of human DNA retained in the cell (e.g., by total human DNA content, flow cytometry, or any mass proxy).</p></li><li><p>You calculate the median human DNA mass across all 24 hybrids.</p></li><li><p>If a hybrid&#8217;s human DNA content is above the median &#8594; call it &#8220;PCR positive&#8221;</p></li><li><p>If below or equal &#8594; &#8220;PCR negative&#8221;</p></li></ul></li><li><p>You then look for which chromosome&#8217;s presence/absence pattern best matches this binary positive/negative pattern.</p></li></ul><p>What actually happens Because the PCR call is now solely determined by total retained human DNA mass, the positive/negative pattern across the 24 hybrids is almost entirely driven by how many large chromosomes each hybrid happened to retain.</p><ul><li><p>Large chromosomes (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12) contribute far more DNA mass than small ones (13&#8211;22, X, Y).</p></li><li><p>A hybrid that retains, say, chromosomes 1 + 2 + 3 (very large) will have much higher total human DNA than one that retains chromosomes 13 + 14 + 15 + 21 + 22 (small).</p></li><li><p>Therefore, the &#8220;PCR positive&#8221; lines will disproportionately be the ones that kept at least one or two very large chromosomes (especially 1&#8211;4).</p></li><li><p>The &#8220;PCR negative&#8221; lines will be those that mostly or only retained small chromosomes (or very few chromosomes at all).</p></li></ul><p>Result: Large chromosomes will falsely appear to be the &#8220;location&#8221; of the STS If you run the correlation analysis:</p><ul><li><p>Chromosome 1 (the largest, ~249 Mb) will have the strongest correlation with the &#8220;PCR positive&#8221; pattern, because presence of chr1 almost guarantees high total DNA mass &#8594; high chance of being called positive.</p></li><li><p>Chromosomes 2, 3, 4, 5, etc. will follow closely behind.</p></li><li><p>Small chromosomes (21, 22, Y, 13&#8211;15) will show very poor correlation &#8212; their presence barely moves the total mass needle, so they frequently appear in &#8220;negative&#8221; lines even when retained.</p></li></ul><p>In statistical terms:</p><ul><li><p>The correlation coefficient (or concordance score) between &#8220;PCR positive/negative&#8221; and &#8220;chromosome X present/absent&#8221; will be highest for the largest chromosomes.</p></li><li><p>The method will systematically assign every STS to one of the largest chromosomes (most often 1, 2, or 3), regardless of where the actual sequence lives.</p></li></ul><p>This is exactly the opposite of what you want: instead of detecting the true location, the method now acts as a proxy for chromosome size ranking. Numerical illustration (simplified)Assume:</p><ul><li><p>24 hybrids</p></li><li><p>Each chromosome retained independently with p = 0.25</p></li><li><p>Total DNA mass in a hybrid &#8776; sum of sizes of retained chromosomes</p></li><li><p>Median mass across panel &#8776; size of 2&#8211;3 average chromosomes</p></li><li><p>&#8220;Positive&#8221; = total mass &gt; median</p></li></ul><p>In a typical random simulation:</p><ul><li><p>Hybrids that happen to retain chr1 (or chr1+chr2, etc.) will almost always be above median &#8594; positive</p></li><li><p>Hybrids with only small chromosomes will almost always be below median &#8594; negative</p></li><li><p>Concordance score for chr1 vs. positive/negative pattern: often 80&#8211;95%</p></li><li><p>Concordance score for chr21 or chrY: often 40&#8211;60% (close to random chance)</p></li></ul><p>So every STS you test will appear to &#8220;live&#8221; on chromosome 1, 2, or 3 &#8212; pure artifact of size bias. Conclusion: The method completely fails in this scenario When PCR outcome is determined by total retained DNA mass (above-median threshold) instead of the presence of a specific unique sequence, the assignment becomes dominated by chromosome size rather than location. The system loses all power to distinguish true location and instead ranks chromosomes by size. This is why the sequence-specificity of the PCR (amplifying only when that exact STS is present) is absolutely essential. Without it, the method collapses into a measurement of overall human DNA content, not genomic location. In short: No &#8212; it would not work at all. The result would be systematic misassignment to the largest chromosomes, with no relationship to biological truth. The specificity of the PCR primers to a unique short sequence is what makes the entire technique scientifically valid.</p></blockquote><p></p><blockquote><h3>I am not looking for biological truth I am looking for simply what would be the outcome like would it be possible to obtain results and map an entire genome even if the results were not correct?</h3><p>Yes &#8212; it would be entirely possible to obtain &#8220;results&#8221; and produce a complete-looking genome map even if everything was driven by pure randomness or by artifacts like total DNA mass instead of real biological location. The process would generate numbers, tables, maps, and assignments that look scientific and complete &#8212; and in the 1990s/early 2000s computational environment, it would have been very hard to immediately spot that they were nonsense. Here&#8217;s exactly what would happen in each of the two &#8220;broken&#8221; scenarios you described. Scenario 1: PCR results are completely random (coin-flip positive/negative, independent of chromosomes)</p><ul><li><p>You run PCR on all hybrids for every STS.</p></li><li><p>You get a random yes/no pattern across the 24 hybrids for each STS.</p></li><li><p>You then compute the correlation score between that random pattern and the presence/absence pattern of each of the 24 chromosomes.</p></li><li><p>For almost every STS you will find one chromosome that &#8212; purely by chance &#8212; matches the random PCR pattern quite well (often 70&#8211;85% concordance, sometimes even 90%+ in lucky cases).</p></li><li><p>Because the required threshold was set very high (typically &#8805;90&#8211;95% concordance with zero or one mismatch), most STSs would fail to assign (too many mismatches) and be discarded as &#8220;unmappable&#8221;.</p></li><li><p>But for the ~5&#8211;15% of STSs that happen to get lucky and hit &#8805;90&#8211;95% concordance with some chromosome by pure chance, they would be assigned &#8212; and the assignments would be randomly distributed across all chromosomes (no size bias).</p></li></ul><p>Outcome:</p><ul><li><p>You would end up with a sparse map &#8212; only a small fraction of STSs get assigned (maybe 1,000&#8211;3,000 instead of 10,000&#8211;15,000).</p></li><li><p>The assignments would be random noise &#8212; no clustering of real genes, no correlation with known disease loci, no consistency with genetic linkage maps.</p></li><li><p>If you then used those &#8220;assigned&#8221; STSs to screen BACs and build contigs, you would get chaotic, contradictory contigs that jump between unrelated chromosomes.</p></li><li><p>The final &#8220;genome map&#8221; would look patchy and inconsistent, and biologists would quickly realize something was wrong (e.g., disease genes on wrong chromosomes, contigs that don&#8217;t match FISH or linkage data).</p></li></ul><p>Verdict: The method would mostly reject random data due to high stringency, producing a very incomplete and obviously broken map. It would not fool anyone into thinking they had mapped the genome. Scenario 2: PCR is proxy for total retained human DNA mass (above-median = positive)</p><ul><li><p>PCR now reports &#8220;positive&#8221; whenever the hybrid has more than the median amount of total human DNA (i.e., it kept one or more large chromosomes).</p></li><li><p>The positive/negative pattern across hybrids is therefore strongly biased toward lines that retained large chromosomes (1&#8211;7 especially).</p></li></ul><p>Outcome:</p><ul><li><p>Every single STS you test will show the strongest correlation with one of the largest chromosomes (usually 1, 2, 3, or 4).</p></li><li><p>Almost every STS will pass the high concordance threshold when compared to chromosome 1, 2, or 3 &#8212; because those chromosomes dominate the total DNA mass signal.</p></li><li><p>You would therefore assign nearly all 15,000 STSs to just the 3&#8211;5 largest chromosomes (especially chromosome 1).</p></li><li><p>The resulting map would claim:</p><ul><li><p>Chromosome 1 is ~10&#8211;20&#215; larger and gene-richer than it really is.</p></li><li><p>Chromosomes 13&#8211;22, X, and especially Y have almost no markers at all.</p></li></ul></li><li><p>BAC contig building would collapse:</p><ul><li><p>All BACs would appear to overlap only with BACs assigned to the same large chromosome.</p></li><li><p>You would end up with a few gigantic, bloated contigs on chromosomes 1&#8211;5 and almost nothing on the rest of the genome.</p></li></ul></li><li><p>The map would look complete in terms of numbers (thousands of assigned STSs, contigs covering &#8220;large&#8221; regions), but it would be obviously wrong to any biologist:</p><ul><li><p>Known genes (e.g., CFTR on 7, DMD on X) would be assigned to chromosome 1 or 2.</p></li><li><p>FISH validation would immediately contradict it.</p></li><li><p>Genetic linkage maps would show no agreement.</p></li></ul></li></ul><p>Verdict: You would get a superficially complete-looking genome map (lots of assignments, contigs, numbers), but it would be grossly distorted &#8212; everything piled onto the largest chromosomes, small chromosomes nearly empty. It would fool a computer or a very naive analysis pipeline for a short time, but not any experienced geneticist or cross-check (FISH, linkage, disease gene locations).</p><p>In both broken cases, the process would produce output that could be published as &#8220;a map&#8221; if someone ignored all sanity checks &#8212; but it would not survive even basic biological validation. The HGP succeeded precisely because the PCR was sequence-specific, not random or mass-based. So yes &#8212; you could run the pipeline and get a &#8220;genome map&#8221; even if the underlying mechanism was garbage. But it would be scientifically useless and exposed very quickly by independent evidence (FISH images, family linkage data, known gene locations, etc.). The method is robust against noise only because of the specificity of the PCR step. Remove that specificity, and the whole thing collapses into artifacts &#8212; either sparse junk or size-biased junk.</p></blockquote><div><hr></div><div><hr></div><p>So hopefully you can see what a bombshell that was. Through this hodgepodge mess of statistics it became apparent to me that they were literally just using a Yes/No PCR as the definitive sorting method and the rest was just a magic trick to make it seem complicated. This really came from the realization when doing investigation on the legitimacy of the Karyotyping. Despite being convinced it somewhat worked, the areas that had the most problems were in the smaller Chromosomes 13-22. It is obvious that this would be tougher, just physically, there are less bands to distinguish them apart, they are more fragile, there are less physical features etc etc. This is common sense. </p><p>This thinking was just extrapolated out, of course the smaller Chromosomes &#8220;contain&#8221; less material, of course the volume of the stuff they claimed to be measuring would affect the outcome. So it was interesting to see the difference between running the hypothesis simulation that the PCR was just random. The fact that AI calculated it was still possible to get a readout and a complete map of the STSs was interesting. It said that it wouldn&#8217;t survive scrutiny and verification which is fine, I would probably tend to agree, but then again I certainly don&#8217;t believe that the PCR is random. </p><p>The real Bomba came when I asked AI to simulate the hypothesis that PCR was measuring volume/density of the Chromosomes. Now this kicked back not only that a full map would be perfectly achievable, but also that it may not be able to be instantly distinguish from what they consider to be &#8220;real&#8221; results. OK, point number 1 here and it is the biggest point is that without knowing what are &#8220;real&#8221; results, you would have absolutely no idea that a completed &#8220;map&#8221; were wrong. The second point to raise is that AI confirmed that the only way you would be able to differentiate is because of the heavy weighting toward the larger Chromosomes 1-12. Well funnily enough, this is exactly the problem that is seen in Karyotyping and the problems they admit with the Somatic Hybridization process. </p><p>Once again however I DON&#8217;T think that the PCR works based on volume/density, not directly anyway. I know that it measures Ionic charge, This is something that would be tied into the volume of each chromosome, but also would give variation as some chromosomes could be more concentrated in Ionic content than others. Could it be more concentrated toward the center of the spindle during mitosis, may be the shorter chromosomes are more concentrated, maybe certain sections are more concentrated than other sections etc etc. Essentially this adequately explains everything within this process&#8230; it is not lining up these STSs to their respective chromosomes, merely a Yes/No sorting gate that when applied to pools of Random data (Because they have admitted that the Chromosome deletion from the hybrid IS RANDOM) you essentially end up sorting the chromosomes back out into order&#8230; this is irrelevant to the &#8220;code&#8221; claimed in the STSs and would appear to be repeatable in other labs as long as they were using the same PCR reagents.      </p><h1>FISH</h1><p>The adequately named Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization or FISH for short is the most modern method of attaching labels to Chromosomes. Despite this, it wasn&#8217;t really used in The Human Genome Project. As you will see below, I don&#8217;t want to give the game away too much, but it was mostly used to &#8220;Verify&#8221; those &#8220;tricky&#8221; smaller Chromosomes (Color me shocked I tell you). It was used in a tiny fraction of cases where they couldn&#8217;t quite get it to fit with their Gerbil/Human hybrids. </p><p>If we could circle back right to the very top of the article when discussing the assumed length of the Human Genome, they estimated it using Flow Cytometry where they labelled things with Fluorescence (It is a running theme). AI will readily admit that this labelling was ascribed to sort density. Now although AI when it comes to &#8220;this type of fluorescent labeling&#8221; is will inevitably fight to the bitter end to claim that it is measuring something different, it takes very little imagination to see that it is not, Once again the fluorescence is just attaching to parts that the &#8220;probe&#8221; is designed to look for in terms of basic physical properties. This can be calibrated to essentially &#8220;find what you pre-supposed you were looking for&#8221;, this is obviously quite time and labor intensive, hence the reason why they readily admit, this has NEVER been done for the Whole Human Genome. </p><blockquote><h3>So FISH was not used for the whole mapping of every 15k STS in the HGP? What percentage of the STSs were verified using FISH?</h3><p></p><p>Yes, you are correct. FISH was NOT used to map or verify all ~15,000 STSs in the Human Genome Project. It was a targeted verification and refinement tool, not a high-throughput genome-wide method. Why FISH Was Not Used for All 15k STSs</p><ul><li><p>Low throughput: FISH is labor-intensive. Preparing probes, hybridizing them to metaphase spreads, and imaging them under a fluorescence microscope is slow and expensive compared to PCR-based methods (somatic hybrids or radiation hybrid mapping).</p></li><li><p>Scale issue: The HGP needed to assign and order tens of thousands of STSs quickly. FISH could only handle hundreds to a few thousand experiments reasonably, not 15,000+.</p></li><li><p>Primary tools for bulk mapping:</p><ul><li><p>Somatic cell hybrid panels &#8594; initial chromosome assignment (high-throughput, cheap).</p></li><li><p>Radiation hybrid (RH) mapping (especially the 1997 Stanford G3 map) &#8594; chromosome assignment + physical ordering for ~10,000+ STSs.</p></li><li><p>STS-content mapping on YACs/BACs &#8594; contig building.</p></li></ul></li></ul><p>FISH was used selectively when extra confidence or finer detail was needed. How Much Was Actually Verified with FISH? Exact genome-wide percentages are not stated in the major 1995&#8211;1997 STS/RH papers because FISH was never applied systematically to the full set. From the literature and HGP practices:</p><ul><li><p>Rough estimate: Well under 10% of the ~15,000 STSs in the main Whitehead/MIT and Stanford maps were directly verified by FISH.</p></li><li><p>In practice, FISH was mainly used in these situations:</p><ul><li><p>Ambiguous or conflicting assignments from hybrid/RH data.</p></li><li><p>Important framework STSs or disease-related markers.</p></li><li><p>Validation of contig ends or BAC/YAC placements (especially to confirm they mapped to a single chromosome and correct band, ruling out chimerism).</p></li><li><p>Regional projects or chromosome-specific maps (e.g., on chromosome 22, 21, 7, or 16), where dozens to a few hundred clones/STSS were checked.</p></li><li><p>BAC Resource Consortium (2001) integrated &gt;3,300 FISH-mapped clones with STS/RH data &#8212; this is one of the larger FISH datasets, but still only a fraction of the total STSs.</p></li></ul></li></ul><p>In short: The vast majority of the 15k STSs relied on somatic cell hybrid panels + RH mapping for chromosome assignment and ordering. FISH served as quality control and refinement for a minority of cases (probably a few hundred to ~2,000&#8211;3,000 at most across the whole project).Role of FISH in the HGP</p><ul><li><p>Confirmation: If somatic hybrids or RH suggested an STS was on chromosome 7, FISH on normal human metaphase chromosomes could directly show the fluorescent signal on chromosome 7 (and often pinpoint the band, e.g., 7q21).</p></li><li><p>Chimerism detection: Many YAC clones were chimeric (pieces from different chromosomes stuck together). FISH quickly revealed if a probe lit up two different chromosomes.</p></li><li><p>Integration: FISH-mapped clones helped anchor RH/STS contigs to visible cytogenetic bands.</p></li><li><p>Resolution: FISH gave direct visual evidence at the chromosome/band level, which complemented the statistical nature of hybrid and RH data.</p></li></ul></blockquote><p></p><blockquote><h3>Would you say it was more likely to be used on the shorter chromosomes which were harder to do with somatic hybrids?</h3><p></p><p>Yes, your intuition is correct. FISH was used more frequently (proportionally) on the smaller and more difficult chromosomes &#8212; particularly the acrocentric chromosomes (13, 14, 15, 21, 22) and the Y chromosome &#8212; than on the large chromosomes (1&#8211;12).Why FISH Was Used More on Smaller/Difficult Chromosomes</p><ol><li><p>Somatic hybrids and RH mapping performed worse on small chromosomes</p><ul><li><p>Small chromosomes (especially acrocentrics and Y) had lower retention rates in hybrid cells &#8594; fewer data points, weaker statistical power, and more ambiguous assignments.</p></li><li><p>They contain a high proportion of repetitive DNA (satellite DNA, rDNA on short arms), making it harder to design truly unique STSs. Many candidate STSs failed the uniqueness test or mapped inconsistently.</p></li><li><p>Result: Hybrid/RH assignments for these chromosomes were often less confident or had more conflicts.</p></li></ul></li><li><p>FISH provided direct visual proof where indirect methods were weakest</p><ul><li><p>FISH allowed researchers to see the fluorescent signal directly on normal human metaphase chromosomes.</p></li><li><p>It was especially valuable for:</p><ul><li><p>Confirming that a probe/STS was truly on one specific small chromosome (and not scattered due to repeats).</p></li><li><p>Detecting chimerism or small translocations that hybrid panels missed.</p></li><li><p>Pinpointing the location to a specific cytogenetic band when hybrid data only gave &#8220;chromosome 21&#8221; or &#8220;chromosome 22q&#8221;.</p></li><li><p>Resolving ambiguities in repeat-rich short arms of acrocentrics.</p></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><p>Practical examples from the HGP era</p><ul><li><p>Chromosome 21 and 22 (the two smallest autosomes) were among the first fully sequenced chromosomes (1999&#8211;2000). FISH was used extensively to verify clone placements and STS assignments on these chromosomes because their small size and high repeat content made hybrid/RH data spottier.</p></li><li><p>The Y chromosome was notoriously difficult with hybrids (very low retention, few unique sequences). FISH (including chromosome painting and locus-specific probes) was heavily relied upon to map Y-specific sequences and confirm assignments.</p></li><li><p>Acrocentric short arms (p-arms) were particularly problematic due to shared repetitive sequences across chromosomes 13/14/15/21/22. FISH with specific probes helped distinguish them.</p></li></ul></li></ol><p>In contrast, large chromosomes (1&#8211;12) usually had:</p><ul><li><p>Better retention in hybrids,</p></li><li><p>Higher density of unique STSs,</p></li><li><p>Stronger statistical support from RH mapping.</p></li></ul><p>So FISH was used more sparingly on large chromosomes &#8212; mainly for final contig anchoring or when there was a specific conflict. Summary</p><ul><li><p>Yes &#8212; FISH verification was disproportionately applied to the smaller, repeat-rich, and harder-to-map chromosomes (especially 13&#8211;22 and Y).</p></li><li><p>It served as an important safety net where somatic cell hybrids and early RH mapping were least reliable.</p></li><li><p>For the bulk of the ~15,000 STSs (mostly on larger chromosomes), assignment relied primarily on somatic hybrids + RH mapping, with FISH used selectively for confirmation.</p></li></ul></blockquote><blockquote><h4><strong>OK it said it was in use but am yet to see this exact roadmap SPECIFICALLY for the entirety of the HGP. you said, rightly, it was step one....where have they got this roadmap from and are there the images of the exact loci ALL OF THEM on chromosomes BEFORE the sequencing?</strong></h4><p>This is a <strong>crucial distinction</strong>, and the confusion makes total sense:<br>You&#8217;re <em>not</em> asking whether FISH was used at all, or whether mapping technology existed &#8212; you&#8217;re asking:</p><h4><strong>&#8220;Was there a single, microscope&#8209;visible image or atlas showing </strong><em><strong>every</strong></em><strong> gene/locus on all human chromosomes </strong><em><strong>before</strong></em><strong> the Human Genome Project sequenced the genome? If so, where exactly is it?&#8221;</strong></h4><p>The honest answer is:</p><h4>&#10071; <strong>No &#8212; there was no single, complete FISH image or &#8220;chromosome atlas&#8221; showing all loci for the entire human genome before sequencing.</strong></h4><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Why That Didn&#8217;t Exist (and Couldn&#8217;t)</strong></h2><p>Before the HGP sequence was generated, scientists <em>did not have the full nucleotide sequence of the human genome</em>. Therefore:</p><h3>&#9989; They could not design probes for <em>every</em> gene or locus</h3><p>Because to design a specific genomic probe you need to know the sequence (at least ~200&#8211;500 base pairs unique to that locus).<br>Without the sequence, you can&#8217;t make a probe that will only bind to that one spot.</p><p>So before sequencing:</p><ul><li><p>There were <strong>thousands of individual probes</strong> (for known genes, STSs, microsatellites, RFLPs), and many of them were mapped physically (via FISH or other methods),</p></li><li><p>But there were <strong>millions of genes and non&#8209;gene loci</strong> &#8212; most of which had <em>not yet been discovered or sequenced</em>, so no specific probes existed for them.</p></li></ul><p>The HGP&#8217;s mapping phase was about <strong>building a scaffold of landmarks</strong> across the genome, not <em>locating every possible locus.</em></p></blockquote><blockquote><h2>Has there ever been a complete gene mapping locus of the Whole Human Genome done with FISH to verify the HUMAN Genome Projects findings?</h2><h4>Short answer: <strong>No &#8212; a complete, genome-wide gene map using FISH was never done to &#8220;verify&#8221; the entire Human Genome Project.</strong></h4><h3>Why not?</h3><ul><li><p><strong>FISH (Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization) is low-throughput</strong></p><ul><li><p>It can only test a <strong>small number of DNA targets at a time</strong>.</p></li><li><p>The human genome has <strong>~20,000+ genes</strong>, so mapping all of them one-by-one with FISH would be impractical.</p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>Resolution limits</strong></p><ul><li><p>FISH is great for <strong>chromosome-level location (bands, large regions)</strong></p></li><li><p>It is <strong>not precise enough</strong> for fine-scale, base-by-base genome mapping.</p></li></ul></li></ul></blockquote><h3></h3><h1>RADIATION HYBRID</h1><p>Right, if you thought that Somatic Hybridization was mental, you are going to be even more bamboozled by Radiation Hybrid Mapping. Fundamentally this works in exactly the same way as Somatic Hybridization with a few added extras thrown in for short measure. I will not attempt to go into too much detail, there are the bare bones of it outlined below, essentially because A the problems with this are identical to the Somatic Hybrids and B Because the added layer of fuckery is all In Silico, it would probably be 2 articles in itself pulling it apart, extremely tedious and won&#8217;t really result in much.</p><p>What RH claims to do is irradiate the chromosomes which break them up into small fragments; they then do their Beaver/Human splicing and when they wave their Yes/No PCR wand over the pools this triggers a massive computational data set of probability that given the percentages of Yes/Nos spread out across the Hybrids, the computer is gonna tell you how &#8220;close&#8221; those STSs are predicted to be. This is all well and good, unless of course the PCR is just a wank Yes/No machine and is not actually as specific as they think.  </p><p>As you will see at the bottom of this section the major problem they had at this phase was reproducibility ( which is basically Science- they don&#8217;t like much doing that do they?). Yes when Computer algorithms come into play they are often not very reliable with imperfect Biological samples, even when filtered through their &#8220;Yes/No&#8221; machine. They clearly needed to smooth the data computationally until they could get any sort of agreeance between labs.   </p><p></p><blockquote><p>Radiation Hybrid (RH) Mapping is a physical mapping technique developed in the late 1980s/early 1990s that was heavily used during the Human Genome Project (HGP) to order DNA markers (especially STSs) and estimate physical distances between them along chromosomes. What RH Mapping Is (Simple Explanation)RH mapping works by deliberately breaking human chromosomes into random fragments using radiation, then seeing which markers tend to stay together on the same fragment. Think of it like this analogy:</p><ul><li><p>Imagine you have a long bookshelf full of books (the chromosome).</p></li><li><p>You shake the shelf violently (radiation) so the books fall into many random piles on the floor.</p></li><li><p>You then look at hundreds of different &#8220;piles&#8221; (the hybrid cell lines) and note which specific books (STS markers) are usually found together in the same pile.</p></li><li><p>If two books are almost always in the same pile, they were probably close together on the original shelf.</p></li><li><p>If they are rarely together, they were far apart.</p></li></ul><p>The distance is measured in centiRays (cR): 1 cR = 1% chance that a radiation-induced break occurred between the two markers. How RH Mapping Was Done with STSs (Exact HGP Workflow)</p><ol><li><p>Creation of the RH Panel</p><ul><li><p>Human cells were irradiated with X-rays (high dose) to break chromosomes into random fragments (average size ~5&#8211;10 Mb in the G3 panel).</p></li><li><p>These irradiated cells were immediately fused with hamster cells.</p></li><li><p>The resulting panel consisted of ~80&#8211;100 independent hybrid cell lines (e.g., the famous Stanford G3 panel had 83 lines).</p></li><li><p>Each line retained a random mosaic of small human DNA fragments in a hamster background.</p></li></ul></li><li><p>PCR Testing for STSs</p><ul><li><p>For each STS, specific PCR primers were used to test DNA from every hybrid line in the panel.</p></li><li><p>Result per STS: A retention vector &#8212; a string of &#8220;yes&#8221; (PCR product of expected size) or &#8220;no&#8221; (no product) for each of the 80&#8211;100 lines.</p></li><li><p>This was done by gel electrophoresis (visual band) or later automated methods.</p></li></ul></li><li><p>Computer Analysis and Map Construction<br>This is where the software becomes critical. The retention vectors were fed into specialized statistical programs that:</p><ul><li><p>Calculated the likelihood of different possible orders of the STSs.</p></li><li><p>Estimated distances in centiRays.</p></li><li><p>Built &#8220;framework&#8221; maps with high-confidence order (usually at 1000:1 odds or better).</p></li></ul></li></ol><p>Main software tools used in the HGP for RH mapping with STSs:</p><ul><li><p>RHMAP (developed by Michael Boehnke and colleagues) &#8212; The most widely used package. It performed two-point (pairwise) and multipoint likelihood analysis to order markers and calculate distances.</p></li><li><p>RHMAPPER (Stanford Human Genome Center) &#8212; Used for the G3 panel; allowed semiautomated construction of large maps.</p></li><li><p>SAMAPPER (custom program written for the 1997 Stewart et al. paper) &#8212; Specifically developed for the Stanford G3 map to handle hundreds of markers semiautomatically.</p></li><li><p>Other tools like radmap or extensions of RHMAP were also used in various labs.</p></li></ul><p>These programs used maximum likelihood estimation and hidden Markov models to find the order that best explained the observed retention patterns while minimizing the number of inferred radiation breaks. The Famous 1997 Stanford G3 Map Example</p><ul><li><p>Panel: 83 radiation hybrids (G3).</p></li><li><p>Markers: 10,478 STSs.</p></li><li><p>Software: SAMAPPER + underlying RHMAP-style algorithms.</p></li><li><p>Output: 5,049 framework STSs placed in 1,766 high-confidence bins with average spacing ~500 kb.</p></li><li><p>The map was then integrated with somatic hybrid assignments and genetic maps.</p></li></ul><p>How RH Mapping Was Combined with Somatic Hybrids</p><ul><li><p>Somatic cell hybrids first assigned an STS to a whole chromosome (coarse filter + uniqueness check).</p></li><li><p>RH mapping then took those chromosome-assigned STSs and provided order and physical distance within that chromosome.</p></li><li><p>This two-step system was the backbone of HGP physical mapping: somatic hybrids gave the &#8220;which chromosome?&#8221; answer; RH gave the &#8220;where on that chromosome and how far apart?&#8221; answer.</p></li></ul><p>In short:</p><ul><li><p>RH mapping = radiation breakage + PCR scoring of STSs on a panel of hybrids + statistical software (RHMAP / RHMAPPER / SAMAPPER) to compute order and cR distances.</p></li><li><p>It was the high-resolution physical mapping workhorse of the HGP, working hand-in-hand with somatic cell hybrids.</p></li></ul></blockquote><p></p><blockquote><h2>Can you expand on the Reproducibility issues were they bad?</h2><p>Reproducibility in <strong>radiation hybrid (RH) mapping</strong> during the <strong>Human Genome Project</strong> was a <strong>known limitation, but not a fatal one</strong>&#8212;it was &#8220;messy,&#8221; not unusable.</p><h3>What caused reproducibility issues?</h3><ul><li><p><strong>PCR variability</strong></p><ul><li><p>Slight differences in conditions could change whether an STS appeared &#8220;present&#8221; or &#8220;absent&#8221;</p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>Weak or borderline signals</strong></p><ul><li><p>Some STSs amplified inconsistently, giving ambiguous results</p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>Stochastic loss in hybrid cells</strong></p><ul><li><p>RH lines are fragmented DNA&#8212;sometimes a marker is truly present but <strong>not detected</strong></p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>Panel differences</strong></p><ul><li><p>Different RH panels (different radiation doses, cell lines) gave slightly different retention patterns</p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>Lab-to-lab variation</strong></p><ul><li><p>Differences in reagents, thermocyclers, and protocols affected results</p></li></ul></li></ul><h3>How &#8220;bad&#8221; was it?</h3><ul><li><p>Not disastrous, but <strong>noticeable and expected</strong></p></li><li><p>Individual marker scores could be <strong>noisy or occasionally contradictory</strong></p></li><li><p>However:</p><ul><li><p>When you use <strong>many markers across many hybrid lines</strong>, the <strong>statistical signal becomes reliable</strong></p></li><li><p>Errors tend to <strong>average out</strong> over large datasets</p></li></ul></li></ul><h3>How they handled it</h3><ul><li><p>Used <strong>large panels</strong> (100&#8211;1000+ hybrid lines) to improve confidence</p></li><li><p>Scored markers as <strong>probabilities of retention</strong>, not absolute truths</p></li><li><p>Required <strong>replication and consensus across datasets</strong></p></li><li><p>Integrated RH with <strong>genetic linkage and physical mapping</strong>, which helped validate results</p></li></ul><h3>Bottom line</h3><ul><li><p>Reproducibility was <strong>imperfect and noisy at the single-marker level</strong></p></li><li><p>But <strong>acceptable at scale</strong>, which is why RH mapping was still very valuable</p></li><li><p>The project worked around this by relying on <strong>redundancy and multiple independent methods</strong></p></li></ul></blockquote><p></p><h1>CONCLUSION</h1><p>PHEW. That was pretty hardcore right! The sheer amount of sophistry and trickery employed as an extremely elaborate use of PCR. Spoiler alert, this is the story with the entirety of Genetic Sequencing, it makes logical sense that long sequences would be built up from short sequences but in here lies the problem; if your short sequences are utter bollocks, then your long sequences are going to be even worse, especially when they use the short sequences to order the short sequences into longer sequences. When you see at the root of all of this really is just one trick done over and over again, of PCR testing various strange Biological samples largely in this case involving rodents it creates this wormhole of circular reasoning and layers up layers data and bafflement that is only benchmarked against itself.</p><p>This is entirely intentional, for a layman looking at this subject there is a literal tidal wave of bullshit coming toward them. Even though I am completely desensitized to this intentional bafflement and have a very good grasp on technical terms and experimental microbiological procedures this particular subject was a different gravy. If I am to be honest it also absolutely bored me to tears, even though there are some legitimate bombshells in here, it still feels so tedious because they are buried so much in the bullshit. It&#8217;s not like with any other of the Virological processes because it is just so far removed from reality. But I guess that  is the whole point right! </p><p>Section 3 of this series will be dealing with the output, how we see huge discrepancies in the real world when they came to actually test this &#8220;reference&#8221;. That to me is far more interesting and will reveal and prove the failures of this fundamental process. This is because these processes are only able to be properly tested when you take them &#8220;into the field&#8221;. They get away with benchmarking their studies at base level, purely because they are benchmarking them against things like bacteria. Sure bacteria exist, sure you can grow them, sure they excrete stuff. This IS all happening &#8220;in real life&#8221;, it is just the ONLY people that have access to doing this is the Labs themselves and the methods they use to &#8220;verify&#8221; them are the tests that they are testing for their veracity. Hence is doesn&#8217;t matter what subject they choose to base these fundamental lab processes on it could be a bacteria, it could be a human it could be a lesser spotted Unicorn with Pixies on it, it makes little difference. </p><p>Anyway we have committed this  part to paper, we can see how at the root of the entirety of the Human Reference Genome is complete trash, really this is like our &#8220;Cell Culture Isolation&#8221; of &#8220;Viruses&#8221;. This IS the reference for all other processes in genetics, this referential benchmark falls, you are left with very little else. For sure you could claim their sampling of Nematodes from a Scottish Highland Bog would probably not have to be filtered of human genetics so this referential material might have less effect. Two things however 1) All of these genomes were built in the same way so are fraudulent 2) If they weren&#8217;t who would genuinely give a shit about the genetic sequence of a Nematode? </p><p></p><p>Over and out. </p><p></p><p>Enjoyed the article and want to give a one time donation? Please Buy Me A Coffee. 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class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>This article as well as the rest of the series is available as an Ebook to download and keep over at the Shadowbanned Library. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://shadowbannedlibrary.com/collections/browse-by-author-jamie-andrews" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XS5B!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc1b816d5-f298-4370-a43a-d392a6491b12_1851x1036.png 424w, 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data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c1b816d5-f298-4370-a43a-d392a6491b12_1851x1036.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:815,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:1113120,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https://shadowbannedlibrary.com/collections/browse-by-author-jamie-andrews&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/191913328?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc1b816d5-f298-4370-a43a-d392a6491b12_1851x1036.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XS5B!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc1b816d5-f298-4370-a43a-d392a6491b12_1851x1036.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XS5B!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc1b816d5-f298-4370-a43a-d392a6491b12_1851x1036.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XS5B!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc1b816d5-f298-4370-a43a-d392a6491b12_1851x1036.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XS5B!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc1b816d5-f298-4370-a43a-d392a6491b12_1851x1036.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Meningitis Outbreak UK]]></title><description><![CDATA[Tackling the scare stories.]]></description><link>https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/meningitis-outbreak-uk</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/meningitis-outbreak-uk</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Jamie Andrews]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 20 Mar 2026 13:53:19 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RvBY!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa6ee934f-7c6f-4821-b29f-bd8acaa635c3_500x333.webp" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Annual Subscription is being kept at the incredibly low price of just $35. I sell no bullshit supplements, no crappy merchandise, no whacko gadgets, I have no sponsors, no advertising and everything is possible to read for free. However to help in running the experiments and to cover the huge costs that are mounting from travel and expenses to operate the project, please consider donating to the largest Crowdsourced and Opensourced experiments falsifying Virology. Thank you.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The Virology Controls Studies Project is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ym5E!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdec99400-38ee-4cc8-be3b-e4470aa84cbb_337x502.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ym5E!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdec99400-38ee-4cc8-be3b-e4470aa84cbb_337x502.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ym5E!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdec99400-38ee-4cc8-be3b-e4470aa84cbb_337x502.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ym5E!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdec99400-38ee-4cc8-be3b-e4470aa84cbb_337x502.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ym5E!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdec99400-38ee-4cc8-be3b-e4470aa84cbb_337x502.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ym5E!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdec99400-38ee-4cc8-be3b-e4470aa84cbb_337x502.webp" width="337" height="502" 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class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>I wanted to get this &#8220;emergency&#8221; article out, so apologies if it is a little &#8220;rough around the edges&#8221;. I have just returned from the U.S working on the full falsification of the PCR/Genetics so have been preoccupied with that, hence have fallen a little behind on writing for the moment, but lots in the pipeline. I wanted to get this out as quickly as possible as we <em>should</em> have come to realize that they are rolling out this hoax at a bit of a speed (probably nothing like the Scamdemic) but they are seemingly pulling a few levers.  So I feel if I can get something out there quick enough we can put out a few fires early on . I also feel compelled to do this because the first &#8220;event&#8221; happened in my Home town of Canterbury UK where I went to school (In the Cloisters of Canterbury Cathedral), in a Club (Club Chemistry) where I spent a lot of my formative years drinking Jaegerbombs and Voddy Redbulls. </p><p>So let&#8217;s actually start with this story&#8230; well&#8230;.when the story started. As it was certainly not in March of 2026. No it actually started in September of 2025, strangely enough however it DID start in Kent, UK. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://hansard.parliament.uk/commons/2025-11-04/debates/251104100000010/PandemicPreparednessExercisePEGASUS" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!plka!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F559576c7-bbda-4a1b-a134-80a78c5bf584_599x680.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!plka!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F559576c7-bbda-4a1b-a134-80a78c5bf584_599x680.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!plka!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F559576c7-bbda-4a1b-a134-80a78c5bf584_599x680.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!plka!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F559576c7-bbda-4a1b-a134-80a78c5bf584_599x680.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!plka!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F559576c7-bbda-4a1b-a134-80a78c5bf584_599x680.jpeg" width="599" height="680" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/559576c7-bbda-4a1b-a134-80a78c5bf584_599x680.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:680,&quot;width&quot;:599,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:69532,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https://hansard.parliament.uk/commons/2025-11-04/debates/251104100000010/PandemicPreparednessExercisePEGASUS&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/191411961?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F559576c7-bbda-4a1b-a134-80a78c5bf584_599x680.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!plka!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F559576c7-bbda-4a1b-a134-80a78c5bf584_599x680.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!plka!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F559576c7-bbda-4a1b-a134-80a78c5bf584_599x680.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!plka!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F559576c7-bbda-4a1b-a134-80a78c5bf584_599x680.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!plka!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F559576c7-bbda-4a1b-a134-80a78c5bf584_599x680.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>There was a &#8220;Pandemic Preparedness&#8221; exercise run in the UK where they went with a deadly contagious disease prevalent in children and young adults where one of the symptoms was Meningitis. More conveniently this exercise was run in conjunction with Kent County Council.  </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4Oaw!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3893bb6f-ac28-4cef-804f-c9138ad24ef0_431x679.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4Oaw!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3893bb6f-ac28-4cef-804f-c9138ad24ef0_431x679.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4Oaw!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3893bb6f-ac28-4cef-804f-c9138ad24ef0_431x679.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4Oaw!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3893bb6f-ac28-4cef-804f-c9138ad24ef0_431x679.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4Oaw!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3893bb6f-ac28-4cef-804f-c9138ad24ef0_431x679.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4Oaw!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3893bb6f-ac28-4cef-804f-c9138ad24ef0_431x679.jpeg" width="431" height="679" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/3893bb6f-ac28-4cef-804f-c9138ad24ef0_431x679.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:679,&quot;width&quot;:431,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:60860,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/191411961?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3893bb6f-ac28-4cef-804f-c9138ad24ef0_431x679.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4Oaw!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3893bb6f-ac28-4cef-804f-c9138ad24ef0_431x679.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4Oaw!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3893bb6f-ac28-4cef-804f-c9138ad24ef0_431x679.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4Oaw!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3893bb6f-ac28-4cef-804f-c9138ad24ef0_431x679.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4Oaw!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3893bb6f-ac28-4cef-804f-c9138ad24ef0_431x679.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Also to note was a tender that went out at exactly the same time for a batch of Meningitis B Vaccines. This tender from September 2025, the exact time of the exercise was awarded in 2026.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BtAP!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc6d489b6-65e8-469b-a91c-a341ccb1312d_634x680.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BtAP!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc6d489b6-65e8-469b-a91c-a341ccb1312d_634x680.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BtAP!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc6d489b6-65e8-469b-a91c-a341ccb1312d_634x680.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BtAP!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc6d489b6-65e8-469b-a91c-a341ccb1312d_634x680.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BtAP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc6d489b6-65e8-469b-a91c-a341ccb1312d_634x680.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BtAP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc6d489b6-65e8-469b-a91c-a341ccb1312d_634x680.jpeg" width="634" height="680" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c6d489b6-65e8-469b-a91c-a341ccb1312d_634x680.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:680,&quot;width&quot;:634,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:55659,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/191411961?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc6d489b6-65e8-469b-a91c-a341ccb1312d_634x680.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BtAP!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc6d489b6-65e8-469b-a91c-a341ccb1312d_634x680.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BtAP!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc6d489b6-65e8-469b-a91c-a341ccb1312d_634x680.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BtAP!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc6d489b6-65e8-469b-a91c-a341ccb1312d_634x680.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BtAP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc6d489b6-65e8-469b-a91c-a341ccb1312d_634x680.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>So here we have all of the machinations for a hoax set in to motion, planned, accounted for and rolled out within 6 months. They are moving at <em>Warp-speed </em>these days. But I am not really here to focus too much attention on the bunch of twisted twats posing as authority. We all know what they are capable of, in terms of fabricating the spread of some contagious disease and rolling out dangerous drugs to combat it, to line their pockets and to keep the allopathic conveyor belt of death and disease ticking along nicely. </p><p> This time I am here to combat the notion that there can be &#8220;contagious&#8221; Meningitis at all, as it is once again rather convenient that <em>this time</em> they have gone with a Bacterial cause rather than &#8220;Viral&#8221; (I would like to think that the Virology Control Studies Project had some part to play in this change of thinking). Notice the Bacterial part to that sentence is <em>not</em> in inverted commas, largely because we can all agree that Bacteria exist. We can see them living and moving about in a light microscope. They have MANY different classifications according to their appearance, but mainly because of the way they stain either Gram Positive or Negative and their respective &#8220;Genetic&#8221; sequence. </p><p>Regular readers should well know by now my thoughts on the later criteria, but just to bring everyone up to speed; Both Gram Staining and Genetics are inferences, lab values of no relevance to these Bacteria, they are uncontrolled, unscientific stories ascribed this time to living things and I would conclude that there are vastly fewer actual Bacterial strains than they claim. BUT! They definitely do exist and they are found a lot of the time in higher number at the site of infection. Of course, they are the scavengers of the Microbiome. However this is where I depart from the Mainstream in regards to disease causation and you will see very shortly why:</p><p>This is the thought experiment that I employ when talking about bacteria. Parasitic scavengers on the macroscale are things like maggots. Maggots are drawn to dead and dying organic matter ONLY. They have been used historically to clean wounds, like leeches because of their absolute clinical precision when it comes to ONLY touching dead and dying tissue. If you were to put your hand in a bucket of maggots they would do nothing, they would cause no disease, they would cause no trauma. If you put a dead chicken in the bucket, it would strip it to bone in a matter of days. </p><p>If you had a rubbish heap those maggots would continually feed until they developed into flies, which would then produce more maggots which in turn would produce more flies at some point very soon the dump would become overrun with flies. </p><p>Take ALL of this analogy and apply it to the Microbiological level. We all have Bacteria in our bodies, they are neither &#8220;good&#8221; nor &#8220;bad&#8221; as the marketing suggests (Hegelian Dialectic in full force). They are just Bacteria. They feed on dead and dying tissue, in wounds and on food stuck in your teeth and on &#8220;infected&#8221; tissue (out of balance ionically, hence dying). They are not causing the disease, they are merely there, actually clearing up the diseased tissue. If there is a lot and you have really injured yourself or thrown your terrain way out of whack, these Bacteria will go to town, and replicate and just like the flies because extremely numerous. It is at this point the Bacteria, although not necessarily causing the disease can not be helpful, they themselves full of metabolites of some of the chemicals (in the case that it was a chemical caused &#8220;infection&#8221; imbalance) can enter the blood stream and cause systemic problems (Sepsis). </p><p>This is why, I do not recommend AntiBiotics (anti-life) for anything but systemic infections, to clear some of the by products of a large amount of tissue death. In this case they can be used to good effect, although with resulting side-effects of course, but we are discussing life or death situations. </p><p></p><h1><strong>The Hoax</strong></h1><p>It seems that they wasted no time and jumped straight into it ( obviously were running out of Ferrari money from the Scamdemic being over). You know how they love to signal and leave their killer calling cards right? Well this one was no different. Front and center is the fact that their claimed ground Zero is Club Chemistry (Smacks forehead). For those who follow &#8220;the numbers&#8221; that is C= 3rd letter of the alphabet so CC= 33&#8230; also taking place in Canterbury City =33. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RvBY!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa6ee934f-7c6f-4821-b29f-bd8acaa635c3_500x333.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RvBY!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa6ee934f-7c6f-4821-b29f-bd8acaa635c3_500x333.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RvBY!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa6ee934f-7c6f-4821-b29f-bd8acaa635c3_500x333.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RvBY!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa6ee934f-7c6f-4821-b29f-bd8acaa635c3_500x333.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RvBY!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa6ee934f-7c6f-4821-b29f-bd8acaa635c3_500x333.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RvBY!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa6ee934f-7c6f-4821-b29f-bd8acaa635c3_500x333.webp" width="500" height="333" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/a6ee934f-7c6f-4821-b29f-bd8acaa635c3_500x333.webp&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:333,&quot;width&quot;:500,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:36890,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/webp&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/191411961?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa6ee934f-7c6f-4821-b29f-bd8acaa635c3_500x333.webp&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RvBY!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa6ee934f-7c6f-4821-b29f-bd8acaa635c3_500x333.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RvBY!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa6ee934f-7c6f-4821-b29f-bd8acaa635c3_500x333.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RvBY!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa6ee934f-7c6f-4821-b29f-bd8acaa635c3_500x333.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RvBY!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa6ee934f-7c6f-4821-b29f-bd8acaa635c3_500x333.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>The student that they claimed died from Meningitis (admitted with flu like symptoms after a night of heavy drinking and systematically killed by the medical establishment) went to the University of Kent, officially and affectionately named The European University because it is a rampant nest of Marxist agitators, heavily funded by Soros and the EU. Hence it takes little imagination to see why this hoax is kicking off here. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!80KU!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff133d15b-760a-4175-83b4-6e2d4b64ac40_500x281.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!80KU!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff133d15b-760a-4175-83b4-6e2d4b64ac40_500x281.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!80KU!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff133d15b-760a-4175-83b4-6e2d4b64ac40_500x281.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!80KU!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff133d15b-760a-4175-83b4-6e2d4b64ac40_500x281.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!80KU!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff133d15b-760a-4175-83b4-6e2d4b64ac40_500x281.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!80KU!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff133d15b-760a-4175-83b4-6e2d4b64ac40_500x281.webp" width="500" height="281" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f133d15b-760a-4175-83b4-6e2d4b64ac40_500x281.webp&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:281,&quot;width&quot;:500,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:36856,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/webp&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/191411961?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff133d15b-760a-4175-83b4-6e2d4b64ac40_500x281.webp&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!80KU!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff133d15b-760a-4175-83b4-6e2d4b64ac40_500x281.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!80KU!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff133d15b-760a-4175-83b4-6e2d4b64ac40_500x281.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!80KU!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff133d15b-760a-4175-83b4-6e2d4b64ac40_500x281.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!80KU!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff133d15b-760a-4175-83b4-6e2d4b64ac40_500x281.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>So they are claiming that this Contagious spreading event occurred on the weekend starting on Friday 6th March at Club Chemistry. Now I will take this time and impart some local knowledge into proceedings as I happened as mentioned previously to have frequented this &#8220;Club&#8221; as a Yoot. It&#8217;s is very well regarded (because it is) a grotty dive. It is situated on the ring road in the dead end of town opposite the Equally dead Canterbury East train station. To any normie, the idea that you can get a deadly brain parasite from this place would be perfectly plausible. Numerous times have I got and a lot of other people got particularly bad hangovers (more than usual) from their reluctance to keep the booze lines clean. Just general rot, mold, fermented sugary drinks etc all add up to an overactive drink that can cause the bowels to evacuate and induce fevers (Read my article entitled &#8220;Food Poisoning&#8221;).</p><p>So it is little wonder this rather farcical headline exists noting that a student left a club with blurred vision and unable to walk after a night out. Really this NOT happening should have been more newsworthy: </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jqs7!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7b424375-6ecf-4ce0-ba28-8f5223d6b940_1107x768.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jqs7!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7b424375-6ecf-4ce0-ba28-8f5223d6b940_1107x768.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jqs7!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7b424375-6ecf-4ce0-ba28-8f5223d6b940_1107x768.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jqs7!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7b424375-6ecf-4ce0-ba28-8f5223d6b940_1107x768.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jqs7!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7b424375-6ecf-4ce0-ba28-8f5223d6b940_1107x768.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jqs7!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7b424375-6ecf-4ce0-ba28-8f5223d6b940_1107x768.png" width="1107" height="768" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/7b424375-6ecf-4ce0-ba28-8f5223d6b940_1107x768.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:768,&quot;width&quot;:1107,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:135743,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/191411961?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7b424375-6ecf-4ce0-ba28-8f5223d6b940_1107x768.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jqs7!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7b424375-6ecf-4ce0-ba28-8f5223d6b940_1107x768.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jqs7!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7b424375-6ecf-4ce0-ba28-8f5223d6b940_1107x768.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jqs7!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7b424375-6ecf-4ce0-ba28-8f5223d6b940_1107x768.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jqs7!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7b424375-6ecf-4ce0-ba28-8f5223d6b940_1107x768.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h1><strong>The Science</strong></h1><p>I am not going to dwell on the individual cases of the people claimed to be &#8220;infected&#8221;/die from this as with any of these health related issues, unless you explicitly know every tiny minute detail about the previous health and habits of each case, it is a complete wild goose chase of assumptions. I will simply put ALL of the details about this bacteria and its ability to cause disease and also just some of the hospital protocols involved in &#8220;infection&#8221; diagnosis, &#8220;treatment&#8221; and &#8220;prevention&#8221;. </p><p>Although it is very much in the wheelhouse of the powers that be to A completely fake this i.e a False Flag event where nobody got hurt, the names and people are fabricated OR B to have started some kind of event by poisoning people at this club and at subsequent events to trigger the idea of a spreading pathogen. I find Occam&#8217;s Razor useful in this situation that when I lay all of the moving parts of this hoax out, you will see that neither of those are necessary.</p><h4>The Hypothesis</h4><p>This is what has happened in my opinion and it doesn&#8217;t deviate away from practically every other germ theory hoax in history (apart from may a few of the CNS symptomology ones that did involve chemical poisoning like &#8220;polio&#8221;). The symptoms of Meningitis are actually extremely low grade if need be, non specific and align easily with heavy drink and drug use. The establishment had been laying heavy propaganda groundwork in conjunction with Kent County Council about a Meningitis scare. All it takes is one student with low grade symptoms to report to medical staff who admit them to hospital on &#8220;precautionary&#8221; measures, they then systematically put in induced coma to protect their &#8220;swelling Brain&#8221; pump full of drugs and kill them. </p><p></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v5U8!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F26a7914f-5942-403b-ab39-a14f8ba7cdd3_968x424.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v5U8!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F26a7914f-5942-403b-ab39-a14f8ba7cdd3_968x424.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v5U8!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F26a7914f-5942-403b-ab39-a14f8ba7cdd3_968x424.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v5U8!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F26a7914f-5942-403b-ab39-a14f8ba7cdd3_968x424.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v5U8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F26a7914f-5942-403b-ab39-a14f8ba7cdd3_968x424.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v5U8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F26a7914f-5942-403b-ab39-a14f8ba7cdd3_968x424.png" width="968" height="424" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/26a7914f-5942-403b-ab39-a14f8ba7cdd3_968x424.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:424,&quot;width&quot;:968,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:96157,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/191411961?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F26a7914f-5942-403b-ab39-a14f8ba7cdd3_968x424.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v5U8!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F26a7914f-5942-403b-ab39-a14f8ba7cdd3_968x424.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v5U8!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F26a7914f-5942-403b-ab39-a14f8ba7cdd3_968x424.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v5U8!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F26a7914f-5942-403b-ab39-a14f8ba7cdd3_968x424.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v5U8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F26a7914f-5942-403b-ab39-a14f8ba7cdd3_968x424.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p> So here are the symptoms that are associated with Meningitis, apart from potentially convulsions and a non disappearing rash these are all extremely commonly occurring symptoms of either Flu (detox as a result of poor terrain- processed food, drink, drugs, pharma, stress, chemical household products/environment etc etc) or just a good old Hangover from a weekend of drinking and/or drugs. </p><p>Also heavily to note is the general landscape of Pharmaceutical movements in Kent (and the rest of the country for when this hoax goes nationwide) as aligning almost exactly to the &#8220;Pandemic Preparedness&#8221; exercise 25/26 there was a big push to get HPV vaxes into the arms of as many 14-24 yr olds as possible. This is obviously a MASSIVE coincidence that it is the exact demographic now coming down with the symptoms that also match EXACTLY the side effects of said vax. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8kgW!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd22c7f31-2322-457b-a48f-2ea6b661b053_1797x838.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8kgW!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd22c7f31-2322-457b-a48f-2ea6b661b053_1797x838.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8kgW!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd22c7f31-2322-457b-a48f-2ea6b661b053_1797x838.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8kgW!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd22c7f31-2322-457b-a48f-2ea6b661b053_1797x838.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8kgW!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd22c7f31-2322-457b-a48f-2ea6b661b053_1797x838.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8kgW!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd22c7f31-2322-457b-a48f-2ea6b661b053_1797x838.png" width="1456" height="679" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d22c7f31-2322-457b-a48f-2ea6b661b053_1797x838.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:679,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:338502,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/191411961?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd22c7f31-2322-457b-a48f-2ea6b661b053_1797x838.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8kgW!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd22c7f31-2322-457b-a48f-2ea6b661b053_1797x838.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8kgW!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd22c7f31-2322-457b-a48f-2ea6b661b053_1797x838.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8kgW!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd22c7f31-2322-457b-a48f-2ea6b661b053_1797x838.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8kgW!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd22c7f31-2322-457b-a48f-2ea6b661b053_1797x838.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><p>The <strong>HPV (human papillomavirus) vaccine</strong>&#8212;most commonly Gardasil 9&#8212;is generally very safe. Like most vaccines, its side effects are usually <strong>mild and temporary</strong>, and serious reactions are rare.</p><div><hr></div><h2>&#128994; Common side effects (very frequent)</h2><p>These usually show up within a day or two:</p><ul><li><p>Pain, redness, or swelling at the injection site</p></li><li><p>Headache</p></li><li><p>Fatigue</p></li><li><p>Mild fever</p></li><li><p>Muscle or joint pain</p></li></ul><p>&#128073; These are just signs your immune system is responding to the vaccine.</p><div><hr></div><h2>&#128993; Less common side effects</h2><ul><li><p>Nausea</p></li><li><p>Dizziness</p></li><li><p>Fainting (especially in adolescents&#8212;this is why people are asked to sit/lie down briefly after the shot)</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h2>&#128308; Rare but serious side effects</h2><ul><li><p>Severe allergic reaction (<strong>anaphylaxis</strong>)</p><ul><li><p>Symptoms: difficulty breathing, swelling of face/throat, rapid heartbeat</p></li><li><p>Happens very rarely and usually shortly after vaccination</p></li></ul></li></ul></blockquote><p></p><p>Even quite ironically the side effects from the Meningitis B Vaccine are almost identical to those of the claimed symptoms for Meningitis that would certainly tick enough boxes to have you admitted to hospital given the right amount of media propaganda pumped into a localized community. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bxwq!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98165459-42e8-46ab-a464-bb7e44062007_740x523.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bxwq!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98165459-42e8-46ab-a464-bb7e44062007_740x523.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bxwq!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98165459-42e8-46ab-a464-bb7e44062007_740x523.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bxwq!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98165459-42e8-46ab-a464-bb7e44062007_740x523.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bxwq!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98165459-42e8-46ab-a464-bb7e44062007_740x523.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bxwq!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98165459-42e8-46ab-a464-bb7e44062007_740x523.png" width="740" height="523" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/98165459-42e8-46ab-a464-bb7e44062007_740x523.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:523,&quot;width&quot;:740,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:37413,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/191411961?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98165459-42e8-46ab-a464-bb7e44062007_740x523.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bxwq!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98165459-42e8-46ab-a464-bb7e44062007_740x523.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bxwq!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98165459-42e8-46ab-a464-bb7e44062007_740x523.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bxwq!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98165459-42e8-46ab-a464-bb7e44062007_740x523.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bxwq!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98165459-42e8-46ab-a464-bb7e44062007_740x523.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2><strong>DA BACTERIA</strong></h2><p></p><p>Let&#8217;s have a look see at the critter that they are claiming is so very damaging. In a light microscope really they still need to be stained to be able to be differentiated from the surrounding tissue. When done so they are nothing more than round dots. This will be the sum total of observation for diagnostics. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ejG6!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd2c8d921-8bc7-4853-84ef-873e7b5b7b19_550x404.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ejG6!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd2c8d921-8bc7-4853-84ef-873e7b5b7b19_550x404.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ejG6!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd2c8d921-8bc7-4853-84ef-873e7b5b7b19_550x404.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ejG6!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd2c8d921-8bc7-4853-84ef-873e7b5b7b19_550x404.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ejG6!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd2c8d921-8bc7-4853-84ef-873e7b5b7b19_550x404.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ejG6!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd2c8d921-8bc7-4853-84ef-873e7b5b7b19_550x404.webp" width="550" height="404" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d2c8d921-8bc7-4853-84ef-873e7b5b7b19_550x404.webp&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:404,&quot;width&quot;:550,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:6870,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/webp&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/191411961?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd2c8d921-8bc7-4853-84ef-873e7b5b7b19_550x404.webp&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ejG6!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd2c8d921-8bc7-4853-84ef-873e7b5b7b19_550x404.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ejG6!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd2c8d921-8bc7-4853-84ef-873e7b5b7b19_550x404.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ejG6!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd2c8d921-8bc7-4853-84ef-873e7b5b7b19_550x404.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ejG6!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd2c8d921-8bc7-4853-84ef-873e7b5b7b19_550x404.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Below is the TEM image where you can see that they are a <strong>diplococci i.e the round blob is actually two sections fused together. </strong>That&#8217;s fine and all but we all know they are just staining these Gram Negative and calling it a day. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IeMM!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F66d0c960-70f6-4ef6-a9d4-d2d0de22c844_778x773.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IeMM!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F66d0c960-70f6-4ef6-a9d4-d2d0de22c844_778x773.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IeMM!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F66d0c960-70f6-4ef6-a9d4-d2d0de22c844_778x773.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IeMM!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F66d0c960-70f6-4ef6-a9d4-d2d0de22c844_778x773.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IeMM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F66d0c960-70f6-4ef6-a9d4-d2d0de22c844_778x773.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IeMM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F66d0c960-70f6-4ef6-a9d4-d2d0de22c844_778x773.webp" width="778" height="773" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/66d0c960-70f6-4ef6-a9d4-d2d0de22c844_778x773.webp&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:773,&quot;width&quot;:778,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:49810,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/webp&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/191411961?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F66d0c960-70f6-4ef6-a9d4-d2d0de22c844_778x773.webp&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IeMM!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F66d0c960-70f6-4ef6-a9d4-d2d0de22c844_778x773.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IeMM!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F66d0c960-70f6-4ef6-a9d4-d2d0de22c844_778x773.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IeMM!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F66d0c960-70f6-4ef6-a9d4-d2d0de22c844_778x773.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IeMM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F66d0c960-70f6-4ef6-a9d4-d2d0de22c844_778x773.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>So just by looks alone, there are at least 12 other species of Bacteria, most which the medical establishment readily admit are completely harmless. All of them are coincidentally Gram Negative on stain. </p><blockquote><h3>1. <strong>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</strong> &#8211; <strong>Gram-negative</strong> &#9989;</h3><h3>2. <strong>Neisseria lactamica</strong> &#8211; <strong>Gram-negative</strong> &#9989;</h3><h3>3. <strong>Neisseria sicca</strong> &#8211; <strong>Gram-negative</strong> &#9989;</h3><h3>4. <strong>Neisseria subflava</strong> &#8211; <strong>Gram-negative</strong> &#9989;</h3><h3>5. <strong>Neisseria mucosa</strong> &#8211; <strong>Gram-negative</strong> &#9989;</h3><h3>6. <strong>Neisseria cinerea</strong> &#8211; <strong>Gram-negative</strong> &#9989;</h3><h3>7. <strong>Moraxella catarrhalis</strong> &#8211; <strong>Gram-negative</strong> &#9989;</h3><h3>8. <strong>Kingella kingae</strong> &#8211; <strong>Gram-negative</strong> &#9989;</h3><h3>9. <strong>Kingella denitrificans</strong> &#8211; <strong>Gram-negative</strong> &#9989;</h3><h3>10. <strong>Veillonella spp.</strong> &#8211; <strong>Gram-negative</strong> &#9989;</h3><h3>11. <strong>Acinetobacter spp. (small cocco-bacilli forms)</strong> &#8211; <strong>Gram-negative</strong> &#9989;</h3><h3>12. <strong>Some rare cocci like Enterobacteriaceae cocci forms?</strong> &#8211; most are Gram-negative (though some coccoid forms of Enterococcus or Staphylococcus would be Gram-positive, but they weren&#8217;t on the original list) &#10060;</h3></blockquote><p></p><p>So of course if you had ANY doubt whatsoever, YES they ARE using PCR to diagnose this disease in a clinical setting. Because of it&#8217;s claimed speed and &#8220;reliability&#8221;. So here we see with a sharp focus, that despite Bacteria very much existing, they are still using the fraudulent PCR test to ramp up numbers and hook people onto deadly medical protocols. </p><p></p><blockquote><p>Yes &#8212; in <strong>modern clinical practice, PCR testing has become a primary tool</strong> for confirming <em>Neisseria meningitidis</em>, especially in urgent or complicated cases. But it&#8217;s usually <strong>part of a combined approach</strong> rather than the sole method. Here&#8217;s how it works in context:</p><div><hr></div><h2>1. <strong>Why PCR is favored</strong></h2><ul><li><p><strong>Speed:</strong> PCR can detect bacterial DNA in <strong>hours</strong>, much faster than waiting for culture growth (24&#8211;48 hours).</p></li><li><p><strong>Sensitivity:</strong> PCR works even if the patient has <strong>already started antibiotics</strong>, which can inhibit bacterial growth in cultures.</p></li><li><p><strong>Specificity:</strong> Can <strong>differentiate </strong><em><strong>N. meningitidis</strong></em><strong> from look-alikes</strong> like <em>N. gonorrhoeae</em>, <em>Neisseria lactamica</em>, or <em>Moraxella</em>.</p></li><li><p><strong>Serogrouping:</strong> Some PCR assays can identify the <strong>capsular serogroup</strong> (A, B, C, W, Y), which is important for <strong>outbreak control and vaccination decisions</strong>.</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h2>2. <strong>How PCR is used</strong></h2><ul><li><p>Sample: usually <strong>CSF, blood, or sometimes throat swab</strong> if meningococcal carriage is suspected.</p></li><li><p>Detects <strong>specific gene targets</strong>, e.g.:</p><ul><li><p><strong>ctrA</strong> (capsule transport) &#8594; confirms meningococcus</p></li><li><p><strong>porA</strong> &#8594; serogroup and subtype</p></li></ul></li><li><p>Real-time PCR machines can provide results in <strong>2&#8211;6 hours</strong>.</p></li></ul></blockquote><h1>THE MEDICAL KILLING FIELDS</h1><p>So they have laid the trap, taken young adults predisposed to drinking, smoking and doing drugs heavily, they have foisted bullshit pHARMaceuticals into their arms such as the HPV vax, that coincidentally have identical side effects to the symptomology of Meningitis. At any point they can use these symptoms and ring the alarm bells that there is a &#8220;Suspected&#8221; Meningitis outbreak. But these kiddos aren&#8217;t quite ready yet, they are going to need a bit of working over before they can be really sick/die and they make it onto the News to get the lemmings queuing up for the next round of Caribbean Holidays, I mean Vaxes. </p><p>So you take a scared Student on a comedown, you tell them their banging headache could actually not be the rest of a Jaegerbomb train on Saturday night but instead their brain could be swelling because of a bug that wasn&#8217;t killed by the high proof alcohol (funny that) but instead has crawled into their drink and made it&#8217;s way to their brain lining. </p><p>They are then informed (Told not asked) that to see if it actually was this bug ( they have already made their minds up btw) they are going to have to perform a Spinal Tap ( of which the Rockumentary Hair Metal band are named after for it&#8217;s morbid irony). This is no walk in the park, they are first going to anesthetize the whole of the lower back, THEN they are going to ram a needle into you spine, between the vertebrae and drain off the spinal fluid for inspection (Basically a whole load of smoke and mirrors and a PCR test). </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8C_9!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c3936b3-4963-4429-bca0-6965bebfa6a6_680x680.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8C_9!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c3936b3-4963-4429-bca0-6965bebfa6a6_680x680.jpeg 424w, 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8C_9!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c3936b3-4963-4429-bca0-6965bebfa6a6_680x680.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8C_9!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c3936b3-4963-4429-bca0-6965bebfa6a6_680x680.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8C_9!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c3936b3-4963-4429-bca0-6965bebfa6a6_680x680.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8C_9!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c3936b3-4963-4429-bca0-6965bebfa6a6_680x680.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div 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stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qQWC!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14151bbf-3bf6-4db0-a9fc-3837e7cf1d7a_680x415.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qQWC!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14151bbf-3bf6-4db0-a9fc-3837e7cf1d7a_680x415.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qQWC!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14151bbf-3bf6-4db0-a9fc-3837e7cf1d7a_680x415.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qQWC!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14151bbf-3bf6-4db0-a9fc-3837e7cf1d7a_680x415.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qQWC!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14151bbf-3bf6-4db0-a9fc-3837e7cf1d7a_680x415.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qQWC!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14151bbf-3bf6-4db0-a9fc-3837e7cf1d7a_680x415.jpeg" width="680" height="415" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qQWC!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14151bbf-3bf6-4db0-a9fc-3837e7cf1d7a_680x415.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qQWC!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14151bbf-3bf6-4db0-a9fc-3837e7cf1d7a_680x415.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qQWC!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14151bbf-3bf6-4db0-a9fc-3837e7cf1d7a_680x415.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qQWC!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14151bbf-3bf6-4db0-a9fc-3837e7cf1d7a_680x415.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><h2>&#128994; Common side effects</h2><p>These are the ones doctors see most often:</p><h3>1. <strong>Post&#8211;lumbar puncture headache</strong></h3><ul><li><p>The most common complication</p></li><li><p>Typically:</p><ul><li><p>Worse when sitting or standing</p></li><li><p>Better when lying down</p></li></ul></li><li><p>Caused by a small <strong>leak of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)</strong> at the puncture site</p></li><li><p>Usually resolves in a few days</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h3>2. <strong>Back pain or soreness</strong></h3><ul><li><p>At the needle insertion site</p></li><li><p>May last a few days</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h3>3. <strong>Temporary nerve irritation</strong></h3><ul><li><p>Brief tingling or &#8220;electric shock&#8221; sensation down the legs during the procedure</p></li><li><p>Happens if the needle brushes a nerve root</p></li><li><p>Usually <strong>momentary and harmless</strong></p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h2>&#128993; Less common side effects</h2><ul><li><p>Nausea or dizziness</p></li><li><p>Mild bleeding at the puncture site</p></li><li><p>Small bruise or local tenderness</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h2>&#128308; Rare but more serious risks</h2><h3>1. <strong>Persistent CSF leak</strong></h3><ul><li><p>Leads to prolonged headache</p></li><li><p>May require treatment (e.g., a &#8220;blood patch&#8221; to seal the leak)</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h3>2. <strong>Infection</strong></h3><ul><li><p>Very rare due to sterile technique</p></li><li><p><em><strong>Could lead to serious conditions like meningitis</strong></em></p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h3>3. <strong>Bleeding (spinal hematoma)</strong></h3><ul><li><p>Rare, but higher risk in people with clotting disorders or on blood thinners</p></li><li><p>Can compress nerves if significant</p></li></ul></blockquote><p></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mnlp!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2cc2d799-fdf9-4b4f-b30d-aa765867c6f6_726x203.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mnlp!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2cc2d799-fdf9-4b4f-b30d-aa765867c6f6_726x203.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mnlp!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2cc2d799-fdf9-4b4f-b30d-aa765867c6f6_726x203.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mnlp!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2cc2d799-fdf9-4b4f-b30d-aa765867c6f6_726x203.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mnlp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2cc2d799-fdf9-4b4f-b30d-aa765867c6f6_726x203.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mnlp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2cc2d799-fdf9-4b4f-b30d-aa765867c6f6_726x203.png" width="726" height="203" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mnlp!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2cc2d799-fdf9-4b4f-b30d-aa765867c6f6_726x203.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mnlp!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2cc2d799-fdf9-4b4f-b30d-aa765867c6f6_726x203.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mnlp!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2cc2d799-fdf9-4b4f-b30d-aa765867c6f6_726x203.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mnlp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2cc2d799-fdf9-4b4f-b30d-aa765867c6f6_726x203.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Let&#8217;s just pause here for two seconds. I&#8217;ll put it in bold so you don&#8217;t miss it.</p><h3><strong>One of the side effects of performing a Spinal Tap to check for Meningitis.....is Meningitis.</strong></h3><p>&#128557;&#129313;welcome to clown world peeps.</p><p></p><p>So they&#8217;ve made sure our Party Kiddos are well and truly inflamed by now, they are on a massive come down, they have just had a needle rammed in their spine, they wait a couple of hours and the PCR has just come back &#8220;Yip, you got the bug my friend, soz&#8221;. </p><p>So they fire up the Drugs cannon&#8230;. this requires more stabbing btw. A canula for an IV drip for fluids and dehydration (yeah that headache is really kicking in now) and to put the high grade Antibiotics in (Anti, Life). </p><p>They are going to lean into their most potent arsenal and pull out Ceftriaxone and Penicillin G, which quite obviously come with some serious side effects, ones that once again bare a remarkable similarity to worsening Meningitis:</p><p></p><blockquote><p>Let&#8217;s go through <strong>ceftriaxone</strong> and <strong>penicillin G</strong> in detail, focusing on <strong>common, serious, and rare side effects</strong>.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>1. Ceftriaxone (IV/IM)</strong></h2><p><strong>Class:</strong> Third-generation cephalosporin</p><h3><strong>Common side effects</strong></h3><ul><li><p><strong>Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Rash</strong> or mild allergic reactions</p></li><li><p><strong>Local reactions</strong> at injection site</p></li></ul><h3><strong>Serious but less common</strong></h3><ul><li><p><strong>Hypersensitivity / anaphylaxis</strong> (rare but potentially fatal)</p></li><li><p><strong>Hematologic effects</strong>:</p><ul><li><p>Eosinophilia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia (rare, usually reversible)</p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>Gallbladder / biliary sludge</strong>: can occur in prolonged therapy</p></li><li><p><strong>C. difficile infection</strong>: risk of severe antibiotic-associated diarrhea</p></li></ul><h3><strong>Rare</strong></h3><ul><li><p><strong>Severe hemolytic anemia</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Seizures</strong> (usually in patients with renal failure or very high doses)</p></li></ul><h3><strong>Other notes</strong></h3><ul><li><p>Can interact with <strong>calcium-containing IV fluids</strong> in neonates &#8594; risk of precipitates</p></li><li><p>Generally well-tolerated in adults for short courses (like meningitis treatment)</p></li></ul></blockquote><p></p><p>So they have chucked a litany of drugs, wounded many times to the spine, punctured skin, flushed blood stream with toxic chemicals and propagandized a young impressionable mind that their initial comedown was this bug. If at any point during this, a few lab values start to ring, their vitals suddenly start to react to the injurious protocols and they start to take a turn for the worse, the medical establishment really kick in and they will put them in an induced coma and potentially intubate.</p><p></p><blockquote><p>Yes &#8212; someone with <strong>meningococcal meningitis (caused by </strong><em><strong>Neisseria meningitidis</strong></em><strong>)</strong> can be put into an <strong>induced coma but it</strong> depends on how severe their illness is. Most patients <strong>do not require it</strong>, but in life-threatening cases with complications, intensive care interventions may be necessary. Here&#8217;s a detailed breakdown.</p><div><hr></div><h2>1. <strong>Induced coma / sedation</strong></h2><ul><li><p><strong>Not routine</strong> for meningitis itself.</p></li><li><p>Usually considered if the patient develops:</p><ul><li><p>Severe <strong>brain swelling (cerebral edema)</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Seizures</strong> that are hard to control</p></li><li><p><strong>Severe septic shock with multi-organ failure</strong></p></li></ul></li><li><p>In such cases:</p><ul><li><p>Patients may be <strong>sedated</strong> and sometimes <strong>intubated</strong> for airway protection and mechanical ventilation.</p></li><li><p>The goal is <strong>to reduce metabolic demand on the brain</strong> and stabilize vital signs.</p></li></ul></li></ul><p>So, <strong>most meningitis cases are treated without coma</strong> &#8212; it&#8217;s reserved for <strong>neurological complications or critical care scenarios</strong>.</p><div><hr></div><h2>2. <strong>Intubation and mechanical ventilation</strong></h2><ul><li><p><strong>Only if the patient cannot maintain airway</strong> or is in <strong>respiratory failure</strong>.</p></li><li><p>Ventilation may also help manage:</p><ul><li><p>Severe shock</p></li><li><p>Impaired consciousness (Glasgow Coma Scale very low)</p></li><li><p>Status epilepticus</p></li></ul></li></ul></blockquote><p></p><p>We all very much can gather where this is going to lead, a drugged, sedated, wounded body, now in the complete hands of the Medical Establishment- or as I otherwise like to refer to them as, factually- the Third Leading cause of Death. The stories about people dying outside of the grips of the medical establishment are extremely rare, highly propagandized and lacking in any sort of detail whatsoever. So until we have all of their medical history in front of us, exactly how many times and when they were vaccinated, usages of pharmaceutical and recreational drugs etc etc&#8230; we cannot adequately see how these extremely rare occurrences happen. So because the data is not readily available it has to be a guess. with an average of around 30 deaths per year from meningitis, Chat GPT gave an estimate of potentially only 1-5 dying at home. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-2DM!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fef0d5dd9-6277-4756-aedf-03904ad0bcc9_708x429.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-2DM!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fef0d5dd9-6277-4756-aedf-03904ad0bcc9_708x429.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-2DM!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fef0d5dd9-6277-4756-aedf-03904ad0bcc9_708x429.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-2DM!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fef0d5dd9-6277-4756-aedf-03904ad0bcc9_708x429.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-2DM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fef0d5dd9-6277-4756-aedf-03904ad0bcc9_708x429.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-2DM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fef0d5dd9-6277-4756-aedf-03904ad0bcc9_708x429.png" width="708" height="429" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-2DM!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fef0d5dd9-6277-4756-aedf-03904ad0bcc9_708x429.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-2DM!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fef0d5dd9-6277-4756-aedf-03904ad0bcc9_708x429.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-2DM!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fef0d5dd9-6277-4756-aedf-03904ad0bcc9_708x429.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-2DM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fef0d5dd9-6277-4756-aedf-03904ad0bcc9_708x429.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h1>Da VAX</h1><p>So let&#8217;s talk about the Vax for this Bacteria. It jumps straight across the specificity claim by going to the mythical world of Proteins and Genetics. Regular readers will know all to well the wholesale hoax of these &#8220;Bio&#8221;chemicals, they are huge subjects in and of themselves so I would just urge you to go and read them. </p><p>Interestingly enough, if it is your &#8220;bag&#8221; about the mRNA stuff then this is made with that tech. Yes if you were wondering; of course the Vax side effects are almost identical to that of initial claimed symptoms of Meningitis. Who would have thought otherwise. <br></p><blockquote><p>The proteins in MenB vaccines aren&#8217;t extracted from the bacteria&#8212;they&#8217;re <strong>made using recombinant DNA technology</strong>, which is essentially controlled biological &#8220;protein manufacturing.&#8221;</p><p>Let&#8217;s walk through it at the chemical/biotech level.</p><div><hr></div><h2>&#129516; 1. Identify and isolate the gene</h2><p>Scientists first find the <strong>gene</strong> in <em>Neisseria meningitidis</em> that codes for a target protein (like factor H binding protein used in Bexsero or Trumenba).</p><ul><li><p>DNA sequence &#8594; encodes amino acid sequence of the protein</p></li><li><p>The gene is then <strong>copied and optimized</strong> (sometimes modified for better production in lab organisms)</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h2>&#129514; 2. Insert the gene into a production organism</h2><p>The gene is inserted into a circular DNA molecule called a plasmid, then introduced into a host cell&#8212;commonly:</p><ul><li><p><em>Escherichia coli</em> (bacteria)</p></li><li><p>Yeast (sometimes used for more complex proteins)</p></li></ul><p>This step uses standard molecular cloning techniques.</p><div><hr></div><h2>&#127981; 3. Protein expression (biological synthesis)</h2><p>Inside the host cell:</p><ul><li><p>The inserted gene is <strong>transcribed</strong> into mRNA</p></li><li><p>Ribosomes <strong>translate</strong> the mRNA into a protein (amino acids linked by peptide bonds)</p></li></ul><p>Chemically, this is the same process your own cells use:</p><ul><li><p>Amino acids are joined via <strong>condensation reactions</strong> &#8594; peptide bonds</p></li><li><p>Folding occurs spontaneously based on interactions like:</p><ul><li><p>Hydrogen bonding</p></li><li><p>Hydrophobic effects</p></li><li><p>Ionic interactions</p></li></ul></li></ul><p>The result: large amounts of the target protein are produced.</p><div><hr></div><h2>&#129532; 4. Purification of the protein</h2><p>After growing lots of cells in bioreactors:</p><ul><li><p>Cells are broken open</p></li><li><p>The protein is isolated using techniques like:</p><ul><li><p>Chromatography (separating based on charge, size, or binding affinity)</p></li><li><p>Filtration</p></li></ul></li></ul><p>This yields a <strong>highly purified protein antigen</strong>.</p><div><hr></div><h2>&#9879;&#65039; 5. Formulation into a vaccine</h2><p>The purified protein is then:</p><ul><li><p>Mixed with stabilizers</p></li><li><p>Often combined with an <strong>adjuvant</strong> (e.g., aluminum salts)</p></li></ul><p>Adjuvants work by:</p><ul><li><p>Creating mild local inflammation</p></li><li><p>Enhancing immune signaling (chemically: activating innate immune receptors)</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h2>&#128300; 6. Quality control</h2><p>Each batch is tested to ensure:</p><ul><li><p>Correct protein structure (important for immune recognition)</p></li><li><p>Purity (no contaminants like endotoxins)</p></li><li><p>Stability over time</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h2>&#129504; Big picture (chemically speaking)</h2><p>You can think of it as:</p><p><strong>DNA sequence &#8594; cellular machinery &#8594; amino acid chain &#8594; folded protein &#8594; purified antigen</strong></p><p>No live bacteria are involved&#8212;just <strong>one specific protein reproduced in a controlled system</strong>.</p><p></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yRGB!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffb9ec080-4cde-46ff-9a85-8f160ac8e7bf_740x523.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yRGB!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffb9ec080-4cde-46ff-9a85-8f160ac8e7bf_740x523.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yRGB!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffb9ec080-4cde-46ff-9a85-8f160ac8e7bf_740x523.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yRGB!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffb9ec080-4cde-46ff-9a85-8f160ac8e7bf_740x523.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yRGB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffb9ec080-4cde-46ff-9a85-8f160ac8e7bf_740x523.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yRGB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffb9ec080-4cde-46ff-9a85-8f160ac8e7bf_740x523.png" width="740" height="523" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/fb9ec080-4cde-46ff-9a85-8f160ac8e7bf_740x523.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:523,&quot;width&quot;:740,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:37413,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/191411961?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffb9ec080-4cde-46ff-9a85-8f160ac8e7bf_740x523.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yRGB!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffb9ec080-4cde-46ff-9a85-8f160ac8e7bf_740x523.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yRGB!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffb9ec080-4cde-46ff-9a85-8f160ac8e7bf_740x523.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yRGB!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffb9ec080-4cde-46ff-9a85-8f160ac8e7bf_740x523.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yRGB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffb9ec080-4cde-46ff-9a85-8f160ac8e7bf_740x523.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div></blockquote><p></p><h1>BACTERIAL CONTAGION STUDIES</h1><p>We&#8217;ve reached the business end of the deal here when it comes to causality. Really I probably should have put this first, as once you have understood that these Biological Critters do not cause disease, you can forget the rest of it. Maybe I am subconsciously getting you to read the rest of the material&#8230; who knows&#8230; it panned out like this. </p><blockquote><h3> Are there any Controlled Human Infection models for Neisseria meningitidis, where they prove that this bacteria causes meningitis or sepsis by introducing them to healthy people? Short Answer</h3><p><strong>Short answer:</strong><br>&#10060; <strong>No.</strong> There are <strong>no controlled human infection models (CHIMs)</strong> where Neisseria meningitidis is deliberately given to healthy people to cause meningitis or sepsis.</p><h3>What <em>does</em> exist</h3><ul><li><p>Researchers only study <strong>safe colonisation (carriage)</strong> in humans, not disease</p></li><li><p>Even then, they usually use <strong>non-pathogenic relatives</strong> like <em>Neisseria lactamica</em></p></li><li><p>These CHIM studies are designed to be <strong>non-harmful and reversible</strong></p></li></ul><h3>Why not?</h3><ul><li><p><em>N. meningitidis</em> can rapidly cause <strong>life-threatening sepsis/meningitis</strong></p></li><li><p>Intentionally inducing that would be <strong>unethical and not approved</strong></p></li></ul><h3>How causation is proven instead</h3><ul><li><p>Epidemiology (outbreaks, transmission patterns)</p></li><li><p>Lab + animal/human tissue models</p></li><li><p>Clinical observation of natural infections</p></li></ul></blockquote><p>So for this specific &#8220;strain&#8221; of bacteria of course there is a massive amount of chicanery. They could never prove causality because the outcomes would be so devastating. OK but by the same token, if you are admitting to never actually proving this bacteria cause disease then you at no point can make this claim, or indeed make drugs to kill it for the sake of claimed health. Of course this doesn&#8217;t stop them at all&#8230; but it is true. </p><p>There is a remarkably telling way to know that this particular bacteria despite not actually being tested for causality is indeed completely harmless&#8230; that is because in the rare occasions they have tested a control group of healthy people, namely children and young adults.. they come back with startling results. Nearly 50% of kids have this bacteria living inside their mouths on a day to day basis. This was done with a simple mouth swab. I would expect that to be nearer 100% if they tested the BALF where the bacterial colony is higher especially for these claimed respiratory tract living bacteria.  </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X24002238" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!j4uL!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4a5f459b-5af1-45ec-8385-e770a06236ac_883x519.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!j4uL!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4a5f459b-5af1-45ec-8385-e770a06236ac_883x519.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!j4uL!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4a5f459b-5af1-45ec-8385-e770a06236ac_883x519.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!j4uL!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4a5f459b-5af1-45ec-8385-e770a06236ac_883x519.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!j4uL!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4a5f459b-5af1-45ec-8385-e770a06236ac_883x519.png" width="883" height="519" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/4a5f459b-5af1-45ec-8385-e770a06236ac_883x519.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:519,&quot;width&quot;:883,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:101556,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X24002238&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/191411961?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4a5f459b-5af1-45ec-8385-e770a06236ac_883x519.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!j4uL!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4a5f459b-5af1-45ec-8385-e770a06236ac_883x519.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!j4uL!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4a5f459b-5af1-45ec-8385-e770a06236ac_883x519.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!j4uL!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4a5f459b-5af1-45ec-8385-e770a06236ac_883x519.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!j4uL!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4a5f459b-5af1-45ec-8385-e770a06236ac_883x519.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><p>Oropharyngeal swab samples and data from a self-reported questionnaire were obtained from overall 610 students, among them 303 university students and 307 high school students, aged between 15 and 31 years in Budapest, Hungary, between November 2017 and December 2018. Meningococcal carriage and serogroup of <em>N. meningitidis</em> were determined by RT-PCR from DNA extracted directly from the specimen.</p><p><em>N. meningitidis</em> was identified in 212 (34.8 %) of the participants. Significantly higher carriage rate was found among high school students (48.9 %) compared to university students (20.5 %). Peak of colonisation rate was among 17&#8211;19-year-old students (48.7 %). Most carriage isolates were non-typable (87.3 %). From the 212 meningococcus carriers, 19 were colonised by serogroup B (9 %), 5 by serogroup C (2.4 %), and 1 had serogroup Y (0.5 %). Significantly higher colonisation rate was found among males (42.4 %) than in females (33.1 %). Antibiotic use in the past 2 months has decreased the rate of meningococcal colonisation. Recent respiratory infection, active or passive smoking and attending parties have not influenced meningococcal colonisation rate significantly.</p><p>In conclusion, we have found high asymptomatic meningococcus carriage rate among high school students and young adults, however, the majority of the colonizing meningococci were non-typable.</p></blockquote><p></p><p>So RTqPCR found that 50% of 17-19yr olds have this bacteria just commonly in them. We can take this fraudulent test at face value because we know that is how they are clinically diagnosing people for this disease when they are ill. The scapegoat they use is a typical farcical story telling, framing technique, that these people are &#8220;Asymptomatic Carriers&#8221; of this deadly bacteria and only when it feels like it, it is gonna start wielding a knife a start randomly stabbing its host.</p><p>In fact they have had to roll out the big guns to postulate why these harmless bacteria suddenly start causing disease. A guy called Xavier Nassif is the leading expert in why <em>Neisseria meningitidis </em>suddenly decides<em> i</em>t&#8217;s going on a rampage.. Reading between the lines of a whole heap of sophistry and bullshit about surface proteins crossing the blood brain barrier he finally admits in stunning fashion it &#8220;occurs due to environmental or host changes&#8221;. OK it&#8217;s all about the terrain&#8230; we agree!</p><blockquote><div><hr></div><h3>1. Core concept</h3><ul><li><p>Many bacteria can <strong>live harmlessly in humans</strong> &#8212; this is called <strong>colonization or carriage</strong>.</p></li><li><p>Examples: <em>Neisseria meningitidis</em>, <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em>, <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>.</p></li></ul><h3>2. Why harmless bacteria can become pathogenic</h3><p>Nassif and colleagues propose that <strong>&#8220;opportunistic infection&#8221;</strong> occurs due to <strong>environmental or host changes</strong>, not necessarily a change in the bacteria itself:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Host factors:</strong></p><ul><li><p>Immune suppression, stress, viral infections, genetic susceptibility</p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>Bacterial factors:</strong></p><ul><li><p>Expression of specific <strong>virulence genes</strong> triggered by environmental cues</p></li><li><p>Population density (quorum sensing can switch bacteria from harmless to aggressive behavior)</p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>Microbiome balance:</strong></p><ul><li><p>Disruption of normal microbial communities can allow normally harmless bacteria to invade tissues</p></li></ul></li></ul><h3>3. Key insight</h3><ul><li><p>Many pathogens <strong>exist in a healthy carrier state</strong></p></li><li><p>Infection often requires a <strong>combination of host vulnerability + bacterial trigger</strong>, rather than the bacteria being &#8220;new&#8221; or &#8220;foreign.&#8221;</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><p><strong>Bottom line:</strong></p><ul><li><p>Bacteria like <em>N. meningitidis</em> can live in the nose/throat harmlessly in many people</p></li><li><p>Under certain conditions, they <strong>switch to a virulent form</strong>, causing meningitis or sepsis</p></li><li><p>This explains why <strong>healthy individuals can suddenly become ill</strong> without obvious external infection </p></li></ul></blockquote><p></p><h2>CHIM</h2><p>So they have carried out a Controlled Human Infection Model where they deliberately give healthy unvaxxed people titers of pure Bacteria they claim cause meningitis and sepsis, namely Streptococcus Pneumoniae.  The conclusions are both damning and absolutely ridiculous. Absolutely no disease was caused&#8230;. BECAUSE&#8230;. the bacteria worked like a vaccine and it helped them instead&#8230; I mean you have to applaud them at the stunning hubris to run with this and not be openly mocked, ne agreed with as part of the medical establishment.  </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3707375/" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SeXA!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcb19fb83-7049-4279-a705-a4305b8c9df4_1142x595.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SeXA!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcb19fb83-7049-4279-a705-a4305b8c9df4_1142x595.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SeXA!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcb19fb83-7049-4279-a705-a4305b8c9df4_1142x595.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SeXA!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcb19fb83-7049-4279-a705-a4305b8c9df4_1142x595.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SeXA!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcb19fb83-7049-4279-a705-a4305b8c9df4_1142x595.png" width="1142" height="595" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/cb19fb83-7049-4279-a705-a4305b8c9df4_1142x595.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:595,&quot;width&quot;:1142,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:123522,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3707375/&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/191411961?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcb19fb83-7049-4279-a705-a4305b8c9df4_1142x595.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SeXA!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcb19fb83-7049-4279-a705-a4305b8c9df4_1142x595.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SeXA!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcb19fb83-7049-4279-a705-a4305b8c9df4_1142x595.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SeXA!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcb19fb83-7049-4279-a705-a4305b8c9df4_1142x595.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SeXA!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcb19fb83-7049-4279-a705-a4305b8c9df4_1142x595.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eq9Z!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F53acc6e1-c124-406f-b4ed-0adc8be6ccfa_680x655.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eq9Z!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F53acc6e1-c124-406f-b4ed-0adc8be6ccfa_680x655.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eq9Z!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F53acc6e1-c124-406f-b4ed-0adc8be6ccfa_680x655.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eq9Z!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F53acc6e1-c124-406f-b4ed-0adc8be6ccfa_680x655.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eq9Z!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F53acc6e1-c124-406f-b4ed-0adc8be6ccfa_680x655.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eq9Z!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F53acc6e1-c124-406f-b4ed-0adc8be6ccfa_680x655.jpeg" width="680" height="655" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/53acc6e1-c124-406f-b4ed-0adc8be6ccfa_680x655.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:655,&quot;width&quot;:680,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:72785,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/191411961?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F53acc6e1-c124-406f-b4ed-0adc8be6ccfa_680x655.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eq9Z!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F53acc6e1-c124-406f-b4ed-0adc8be6ccfa_680x655.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eq9Z!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F53acc6e1-c124-406f-b4ed-0adc8be6ccfa_680x655.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eq9Z!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F53acc6e1-c124-406f-b4ed-0adc8be6ccfa_680x655.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eq9Z!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F53acc6e1-c124-406f-b4ed-0adc8be6ccfa_680x655.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><h2>Abstract</h2><p><em>Rationale</em>: The immunological and protective role of pneumococcal carriage in healthy adults is not known, but high rates of disease and death in the elderly are associated with low carriage prevalence.</p><p><em>Objectives</em>: We employed an experimental human pneumococcal carriage model to investigate the immunizing effect of a single carriage episode.</p><p><em>Methods</em>: Seventy healthy adults were challenged, and of those with carriage, 10 were rechallenged intranasally with live 6B <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em> up to 11 months after clearance of the first carriage episode. Serum and nasal wash antibody responses were measured before and after each challenge.</p><p><em>Measurements and Main Results</em>: A total of 29 subjects were experimentally colonized. No subjects were colonized by experimental rechallenge, demonstrating the protective effect of initial carriage against subsequent infection. Carriage increased both mucosal and serum IgG levels to pneumococcal proteins and polysaccharide, resulting in a fourfold increase in opsonophagocytic activity. Importantly, passive transfer of postcarriage sera from colonized subjects conferred 70% protection against lethal challenge by a heterologous strain in a murine model of invasive pneumococcal pneumonia. These levels were significantly higher than the protection conferred by either precarriage sera (30%) or saline (10%).</p><p><em>Conclusions</em>: Experimental human carriage resulted in mucosal and systemic immunological responses that conferred protection against recolonization and invasive pneumococcal disease. These data suggest that mucosal pneumococcal vaccination strategies may be important for vulnerable patient groups, particularly the elderly, who do not sustain carriage.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em>, human challenge models, colonization, immunity</p></blockquote><h1>CONCLUSION</h1><p>We have seen how an obviously planned scare, combined with the procurement of vaccines in 2025 was rolled out in Canterbury UK, and is currently building up a bit of steam to make sure parents thrust that needle into their kids arms. They couldn&#8217;t help themselves but to leave some of the codified calling cards into their marketing campaign being that ground Zero was a club called &#8220;Chemistry&#8221;. I mean if anything, they have told us all we need to know, a revelation of the methods of sorts;  Chemistry IS where these disease symptoms are coming from, the Chemistry employed in the labs of Pharmaceutical drugs.</p><p>Given that potentially only a single person a year will die not at the direct hands of the medical establishment we can safely assume that these  &#8220;natural&#8221; healthy to dead in 24hr stories are complete bullshit. One would assume a long history of pharma abuse, vaxxes and drugs combined with recreational drugs, potential combination of allergic reactions etc any number of these things massively throwing out of balance a human body to the point where those symptoms are no longer able to be masked with analgesics and pain meds and go from seemingly fine to dead extremely quickly.</p><p>We can tie all of the gross hospital protocols together, all of the vax and antibiotic side effects together and easily see that the allopathic death cult is the one leering over the cadaver with a giant syringe in its hand that is the obvious culprit for any death and destruction seen. </p><p>Finally we have a look at the Contagion Studies and prevalence of these bacteria in the healthy human population. Of course we were going to find out that these Bacteria are completely harmless and do absolutely nothing when directly given to people. So just know that when they claim there are &#8220;transmission events&#8221;, that you have to mask or even vaccinate to protect yourself from these &#8220;jumping&#8221; bacteria&#8230; you have them inside you right now, they do thing and the medical establishment and Media are lying to you to boost their profits from deals done with vaccine manufacturers and to bump you onto the allopathic conveyor belt of death and disease for their stats. </p><p></p><p>Don&#8217;t want to sign up to Substack or make a one time donation because you enjoyed the article, please consider Buying Me A Coffee&#8230; Thanks!</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="http://buymeacoffee.com/controlstudies" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6mLq!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2edab3c8-da8d-4d00-8928-f91738bb8261_535x265.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6mLq!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2edab3c8-da8d-4d00-8928-f91738bb8261_535x265.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6mLq!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2edab3c8-da8d-4d00-8928-f91738bb8261_535x265.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6mLq!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2edab3c8-da8d-4d00-8928-f91738bb8261_535x265.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img 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class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>This article is available as an Ebook on the ShadowBanned Library. Please browse all of my Ebooks and Experimental results published there.  </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bTVW!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F299ddd99-3d32-46bd-83a7-2e0f11413c55_1851x1036.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bTVW!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F299ddd99-3d32-46bd-83a7-2e0f11413c55_1851x1036.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bTVW!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F299ddd99-3d32-46bd-83a7-2e0f11413c55_1851x1036.png 848w, 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data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/299ddd99-3d32-46bd-83a7-2e0f11413c55_1851x1036.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:815,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:1113120,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/191411961?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F299ddd99-3d32-46bd-83a7-2e0f11413c55_1851x1036.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bTVW!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F299ddd99-3d32-46bd-83a7-2e0f11413c55_1851x1036.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bTVW!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F299ddd99-3d32-46bd-83a7-2e0f11413c55_1851x1036.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bTVW!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F299ddd99-3d32-46bd-83a7-2e0f11413c55_1851x1036.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bTVW!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F299ddd99-3d32-46bd-83a7-2e0f11413c55_1851x1036.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div 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stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[SMON: The "Virus" That Wasn't ]]></title><description><![CDATA[The Annual Subscription is being kept at the incredibly low price of just $35.]]></description><link>https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/smon-the-virus-that-wasnt</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/smon-the-virus-that-wasnt</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Jamie Andrews]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sat, 07 Mar 2026 15:06:30 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d18320b4-32ba-4f55-971d-90e1e2803e79_415x433.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Annual Subscription is being kept at the incredibly low price of just $35. I sell no bullshit supplements, no crappy merchandise, no whacko gadgets, I have no sponsors, no advertising and everything is possible to read for free. However to help in running the experiments and to cover the huge costs that are mounting from travel and expenses to operate the project, please consider donating to the largest Crowdsourced and Opensourced experiments falsifying Virology. Thank you.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9UNu!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb3b27cc0-5f03-4884-9b96-3e1616d72539_337x502.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9UNu!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb3b27cc0-5f03-4884-9b96-3e1616d72539_337x502.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9UNu!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb3b27cc0-5f03-4884-9b96-3e1616d72539_337x502.webp 848w, 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9UNu!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb3b27cc0-5f03-4884-9b96-3e1616d72539_337x502.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9UNu!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb3b27cc0-5f03-4884-9b96-3e1616d72539_337x502.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9UNu!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb3b27cc0-5f03-4884-9b96-3e1616d72539_337x502.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9UNu!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb3b27cc0-5f03-4884-9b96-3e1616d72539_337x502.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="captioned-button-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/smon-the-virus-that-wasnt?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;}" data-component-name="CaptionedButtonToDOM"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading The Virology Controls Studies Project! This post is public so feel free to share it.</p></div><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/smon-the-virus-that-wasnt?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/smon-the-virus-that-wasnt?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p></div><p>Between the 1960s and 70s in Japan a story unfolded that for the first half really epitomizes the Big Pharma and Allopathic model of death and disease. A localized &#8220;spread&#8221; of disease with similar symptoms that had Virologists, Epidemiologists and the establishment salivating at a new opportunity to brand this as an emerging deadly &#8220;virus&#8221; and to jump to a Pharmaceutical &#8220;remedy&#8221;. More modern estimates from the University of Tokyo put the numbers of affected in the region of 30k, the true number of affected likely much higher over a short period of time. </p><p>The symptoms were classed as SMON (Subacute Myelo&#8209;Optic Neuropathy) a very distinct set of Neurological symptoms starting with progressive sensory and motor disturbances of the lower extremities, visual impairment or blindness , often preceded by abdominal symptoms such as diarrhea or pain. This type of neuropathy should get your Spidey senses tingling as it is the type of symptomology seen with both BSE/CJD that turned out to be OrganoPhosphate Pesticide and Heavy Metal poisoning the same as the claimed symptomology of Polio which turned out to be the OrganoChlorine pesticide DDT.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bzmj!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F90ab5c50-c987-48c6-a9bf-1ebdb98b1158_1456x1252.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bzmj!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F90ab5c50-c987-48c6-a9bf-1ebdb98b1158_1456x1252.webp 424w, 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bzmj!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F90ab5c50-c987-48c6-a9bf-1ebdb98b1158_1456x1252.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bzmj!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F90ab5c50-c987-48c6-a9bf-1ebdb98b1158_1456x1252.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bzmj!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F90ab5c50-c987-48c6-a9bf-1ebdb98b1158_1456x1252.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bzmj!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F90ab5c50-c987-48c6-a9bf-1ebdb98b1158_1456x1252.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Instead of admitting that these pesticide drugs used to spray crops and ingested for &#8220;medical use&#8221; have these exact symptoms listed as known side effects written on their data safety sheets. The establishment jumped straight to trying to cell culture to blame it on &#8220;Da Virus&#8221;. </p><h2>&#8220;Da Virus&#8221;</h2><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ggq7!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1aa4d44e-7b04-4d5b-b87b-0da3e6595469_898x433.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ggq7!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1aa4d44e-7b04-4d5b-b87b-0da3e6595469_898x433.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ggq7!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1aa4d44e-7b04-4d5b-b87b-0da3e6595469_898x433.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ggq7!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1aa4d44e-7b04-4d5b-b87b-0da3e6595469_898x433.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ggq7!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1aa4d44e-7b04-4d5b-b87b-0da3e6595469_898x433.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ggq7!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1aa4d44e-7b04-4d5b-b87b-0da3e6595469_898x433.png" width="898" height="433" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1aa4d44e-7b04-4d5b-b87b-0da3e6595469_898x433.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:433,&quot;width&quot;:898,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:51511,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/189394807?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1aa4d44e-7b04-4d5b-b87b-0da3e6595469_898x433.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ggq7!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1aa4d44e-7b04-4d5b-b87b-0da3e6595469_898x433.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ggq7!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1aa4d44e-7b04-4d5b-b87b-0da3e6595469_898x433.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ggq7!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1aa4d44e-7b04-4d5b-b87b-0da3e6595469_898x433.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ggq7!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1aa4d44e-7b04-4d5b-b87b-0da3e6595469_898x433.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Headed by Dr Inoue, starting from 1971 they confidently declared that yes SMON was caused by a &#8220;herpes like Virus&#8221;:</p><blockquote><p>The biological properties of SMON virus, isolated from subacute myelo-opticoneuropathy (S.M.O.N.) patients, have been reported in previous papers and, thereby, the virus has been proved to be a variant of avian infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) virus belonging to the herpesvirus group (3--7). This communication describes briefly the results of an electron microscopic examination on SMON virus by negative staining technique (1).</p></blockquote><p></p><blockquote><p>The viruses used were Watanabe and Kurihara strains. The Watanabe strain was isolated and passed in human diploid cells from the spinal fluid of a S. M. O. N. patient (5), followed by further cultivation on chorioallantoic membranes (CASI) of twelve-day-old cmbryonated eggs derived from SPF flocks. The Kurihara strain was isolated in CAM directly from the spinal fluid of a S.M.O.N. patient and the 2nd passage on CAM was used for electron microscopic examination. The infected CAM was harvested four days p.i., and small piece of the most striking pathological lesion (opaque and strongly thickened CAM) was minced and large debris were removed. Excess tissue pieces of the lesion were kept in small tubes at +4 ~ C for several days. Samples on carbon coated grids were stained with 1 per cent phosphotungstic acid (PTA) solution at pH 6.5. The grids were then examined by an electron microscope at a magnification of 30,000--40,000 x. Since SMON virus was rather labile as reported previously (5, 7), PTA solution was adjusted to the slightly acid pH 6.5 for its stabilization. The virus particles of both strains have a structure identical with those of herpes simplex virus (8) and ILT virus (2). The envelopes usually ruptured varied in size and projections were seen in profile over their surface. The capsid measured approximately 110 nm in diameter and showed hexagonal outline, as shown in Figures 1 and 2. The ring-shaped capsomeres measuring approximately 10 nm in external diameter were arranged in the form of equilateral triangles, each side consisting of 5 units, indicating a 5:3:2 rotational symmetry and a total number of 162 eapsomeres per virus particle. Thus, also in respect to its morphology, SMON virus is found to be a herpesvirus.</p></blockquote><p></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYJ6!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F979cb1f0-38f8-45d3-a01d-e713c0b07882_841x709.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYJ6!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F979cb1f0-38f8-45d3-a01d-e713c0b07882_841x709.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYJ6!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F979cb1f0-38f8-45d3-a01d-e713c0b07882_841x709.png 848w, 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2z8e!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ee3ef47-9ee7-4fff-a799-32420aa761b6_931x609.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2z8e!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ee3ef47-9ee7-4fff-a799-32420aa761b6_931x609.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2z8e!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ee3ef47-9ee7-4fff-a799-32420aa761b6_931x609.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2z8e!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ee3ef47-9ee7-4fff-a799-32420aa761b6_931x609.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>So before claiming to have a purified isolate they just assumed isolation from passaging Human Diploid cell with spinal fluid from S.M.O.N patients and then looking under a Transmission Electron Microscope for any round &#8220;virusy&#8221; looking blobs. </p><p>When they found a few they rejoiced and said, they look identical to Herpes Simplex Virus which we also claim can cause neuropathy (Indication as to it actually being the effects of chemical poisoning). The HUGE glaring problem that stood out to me having done the TEM work and spending many months analyzing the claimed morphology of these things is: It is nothing like the claimed &#8220;Identical&#8221; HSV &#8220;Virus&#8221;. </p><p>Indeed the particles they found were 100nm in diameter or smaller and they displayed and even annotated capsid and dense core that takes up the whole of the claimed &#8220;Viral&#8221; particle. This is completely different to the consensus on what HSV should look like and it&#8217;s size being between 50-100% larger at 150-200nm as well as having a distinctly smaller core and capsid for the H Particle to look more like a &#8220;Sheep&#8217;s eye&#8221; and a distinct lack of any core whatsoever for the L particle. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Huiq!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F96c85091-d9e5-4042-b313-1d47f8bf4e29_977x641.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Huiq!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F96c85091-d9e5-4042-b313-1d47f8bf4e29_977x641.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Huiq!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F96c85091-d9e5-4042-b313-1d47f8bf4e29_977x641.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Huiq!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F96c85091-d9e5-4042-b313-1d47f8bf4e29_977x641.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Huiq!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F96c85091-d9e5-4042-b313-1d47f8bf4e29_977x641.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Huiq!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F96c85091-d9e5-4042-b313-1d47f8bf4e29_977x641.webp" width="977" height="641" 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class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qmSO!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb2a53516-e91f-4502-9a8c-2f3a67ba8ef9_1107x547.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qmSO!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb2a53516-e91f-4502-9a8c-2f3a67ba8ef9_1107x547.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qmSO!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb2a53516-e91f-4502-9a8c-2f3a67ba8ef9_1107x547.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qmSO!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb2a53516-e91f-4502-9a8c-2f3a67ba8ef9_1107x547.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qmSO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb2a53516-e91f-4502-9a8c-2f3a67ba8ef9_1107x547.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qmSO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb2a53516-e91f-4502-9a8c-2f3a67ba8ef9_1107x547.webp" width="1107" height="547" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qmSO!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb2a53516-e91f-4502-9a8c-2f3a67ba8ef9_1107x547.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qmSO!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb2a53516-e91f-4502-9a8c-2f3a67ba8ef9_1107x547.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qmSO!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb2a53516-e91f-4502-9a8c-2f3a67ba8ef9_1107x547.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qmSO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb2a53516-e91f-4502-9a8c-2f3a67ba8ef9_1107x547.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><h1>&#8220;Cell Culture Isolation&#8221; </h1><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!1E5_!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc95e24bd-0814-4eed-96d5-dfabe16e6002_847x345.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" 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src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!1E5_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc95e24bd-0814-4eed-96d5-dfabe16e6002_847x345.png" width="847" height="345" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!1E5_!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc95e24bd-0814-4eed-96d5-dfabe16e6002_847x345.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!1E5_!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc95e24bd-0814-4eed-96d5-dfabe16e6002_847x345.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!1E5_!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc95e24bd-0814-4eed-96d5-dfabe16e6002_847x345.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!1E5_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc95e24bd-0814-4eed-96d5-dfabe16e6002_847x345.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><h3>Summary </h3><p>The virus associated with subacute myelo-optico-neuropathy (S.M.O.N.) produced weak and incomplete eytopathic effect (CPE) in BAT-6 cells but not in other cells so far tested. However, the virus multiplied in human diploid cells without CPE. The virus passed a membrane filter of 220 nm average pore-size but not one of 100 nm. The virus was sensitive to ether and 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine, and was inactivated by ultraviolet irradiation. Furthermore, the virus was considered to contain DNA since it was labelled by 3H-thymidine but not by uridine. The buoyant density of the virus was 1.21 to 1.22 g/ml in CsC1. This agent seems to be a new neuropathic slow virus.</p><h3> 1. Introduction </h3><p>At present the aetiology of subacute myelo-optico-neuropathy (S.M.O.N.) following abdominal disorders is not known; however, among the aetiological hypotheses is that of TSUBA~I, HO~MA and Hosl~I (1971) which holds that S.M.O.N. may be a toxic reaction to the oral administration of clioquinol. Previously we described the isolation and some properties of a possible virus present in the faeces and spinal fluids of S.M.O.N. patients living in different places (INouE, NIStlIBE, and NAKAMIn~A, 1971 ; INOUE, 1971). In this report, we describe some of the properties of the virus. Its pathogenic properties are described elsewhere (NAKAMURA and I~OVE, 1972)</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!glp0!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F983f436d-49ef-4a6a-99c5-0f2450a1cd42_775x505.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!glp0!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F983f436d-49ef-4a6a-99c5-0f2450a1cd42_775x505.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!glp0!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F983f436d-49ef-4a6a-99c5-0f2450a1cd42_775x505.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!glp0!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F983f436d-49ef-4a6a-99c5-0f2450a1cd42_775x505.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!glp0!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F983f436d-49ef-4a6a-99c5-0f2450a1cd42_775x505.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!glp0!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F983f436d-49ef-4a6a-99c5-0f2450a1cd42_775x505.png" width="775" height="505" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!glp0!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F983f436d-49ef-4a6a-99c5-0f2450a1cd42_775x505.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!glp0!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F983f436d-49ef-4a6a-99c5-0f2450a1cd42_775x505.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!glp0!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F983f436d-49ef-4a6a-99c5-0f2450a1cd42_775x505.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!glp0!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F983f436d-49ef-4a6a-99c5-0f2450a1cd42_775x505.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div></blockquote><blockquote><p>There were <strong>multiple unsuccessful attempts to isolate or culture a virus</strong> from SMON patients <em>before</em> researchers reported results using BAT-6 cells.</p><p>Here is what is documented in the historical record.</p><div><hr></div><h2>Early Attempts to Isolate a SMON Virus</h2><p>When <strong>Subacute Myelo-Optic Neuropathy (SMON)</strong> cases surged in Japan in the 1960s, many investigators suspected an infectious cause because:</p><ul><li><p>Patients often had gastrointestinal symptoms first</p></li><li><p>The neurological progression resembled certain post-infectious neuropathies</p></li><li><p>The outbreak pattern initially appeared clustered</p></li></ul><p>Researchers attempted to isolate viruses using standard virology methods of the time:</p><ul><li><p>Inoculation of patient stool and tissue extracts into:</p><ul><li><p>Primary monkey kidney cells</p></li><li><p>HeLa cells</p></li><li><p>Other commonly used human and primate cell lines</p></li></ul></li><li><p>Animal inoculation studies</p></li><li><p>Serological antibody testing</p></li></ul><p><strong>Most of these early attempts failed</strong> to produce consistent viral cytopathic effects or reproducible viral isolation.</p><p>Several labs reported:</p><ul><li><p>No consistent viral growth</p></li><li><p>Non-reproducible findings</p></li><li><p>No specific antibody response pattern</p></li></ul></blockquote><p></p><p>This is the paper outlining the claimed isolation of the non existent particle that they mislabeled in the microscopy work above.  Virologists failed with Vero Cells and Hela Cells to &#8220;Culture any Virus&#8221; using them- this is an anathema to me, that they really must have to go some to NOT get CPE after the protocol instructs them to starve the cell line. This is adequate evidence that the sample itself is being used as a nutrient source for the cell lines to stay alive that little bit longer (Ironic Right!) and matches up to our unanimous experimental results showing mush higher rates of CPE noted in our uninfected cultures compared to the Positive Controls we cross referenced. </p><p>So they had to use the <strong>BAT-6 cells</strong> which are a human B-lymphoblastoid cell line and alter the method a little further. As underlined in the method above, color me shocked they followed the protocol of the WHO certified manual the  CLSI M4A1 and starved the cells in 2% FBS and lied and called it &#8220;Maintenance Medium&#8221;. For new readers to the project I will point out this is the exact mechanism that we demonstrated unanimously in our control experiments which cause the Cytopathic Effect observed in a cell line which Virologists fraudulently claim is evidence of the presence of a pathogen. </p><p>This time though they ALSO added yeast. This is claimed by the Virologists to act as a nutrient source of amino acids, however Dr. Stefan Lanka in his control experiments demonstrated the exact opposite is true, that where he added Yest extract to his uninfected control cultures it increased CPE across the board. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Gw3p!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9bdb6070-99c1-4f2a-a73f-0af83f0cdeab_793x544.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Gw3p!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9bdb6070-99c1-4f2a-a73f-0af83f0cdeab_793x544.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Gw3p!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9bdb6070-99c1-4f2a-a73f-0af83f0cdeab_793x544.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Gw3p!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9bdb6070-99c1-4f2a-a73f-0af83f0cdeab_793x544.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Gw3p!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9bdb6070-99c1-4f2a-a73f-0af83f0cdeab_793x544.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Gw3p!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9bdb6070-99c1-4f2a-a73f-0af83f0cdeab_793x544.png" width="793" height="544" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Gw3p!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9bdb6070-99c1-4f2a-a73f-0af83f0cdeab_793x544.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Gw3p!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9bdb6070-99c1-4f2a-a73f-0af83f0cdeab_793x544.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Gw3p!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9bdb6070-99c1-4f2a-a73f-0af83f0cdeab_793x544.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Gw3p!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9bdb6070-99c1-4f2a-a73f-0af83f0cdeab_793x544.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><h3>Results </h3><p> Cytopathic Effect of Virus We examined the susceptibility of human diploid cells, HeLa cells, and primary monkey kidney cells to several different virus strains and also to the spinal fluid of infected patients. However, virus did not produce CPE in any of these cells. Only BAT-6 cells showed weak and incomplete CPE in tube cultures (Fig. 1). The CPE was usually first recognizable at the upper end of cell sheets rather than in individual cells, and was best seen at &#8226; 40 magnification.</p></blockquote><p>It wasn&#8217;t all rosy even thought the isolation followed fraudulent protocols. No, they embarrassingly also managed to observe CPE in 10% of the uninfected cultures for Cerebral Spinal Fluid&#8230; Failed Control = Failed Experiment&#8230; Ooops. But of course this isn&#8217;t science we are dealing with here, so they just fob it off with an asterisk.  </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lqa4!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb86c9b95-f713-4a6a-ac81-5ababa43b759_867x519.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lqa4!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb86c9b95-f713-4a6a-ac81-5ababa43b759_867x519.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lqa4!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb86c9b95-f713-4a6a-ac81-5ababa43b759_867x519.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lqa4!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb86c9b95-f713-4a6a-ac81-5ababa43b759_867x519.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lqa4!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb86c9b95-f713-4a6a-ac81-5ababa43b759_867x519.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lqa4!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb86c9b95-f713-4a6a-ac81-5ababa43b759_867x519.png" width="867" height="519" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lqa4!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb86c9b95-f713-4a6a-ac81-5ababa43b759_867x519.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lqa4!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb86c9b95-f713-4a6a-ac81-5ababa43b759_867x519.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lqa4!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb86c9b95-f713-4a6a-ac81-5ababa43b759_867x519.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lqa4!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb86c9b95-f713-4a6a-ac81-5ababa43b759_867x519.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><h2>MOUSE TORTURE</h2><p>So having fraudulently identified a piece of cellular debris in microscopy and seen CPE in a starved cell culture they were confident in proving their case and jumped to the most tried and tested method for proving the transmission of deadly pathogens, no not just keeping people or animals with symptoms in close proximity, but instead torturing newborn mice with large quantities of injected shit.  </p><blockquote><h4>Introduction </h4><p>The aetiology of subacute myelo-optico-neuropathy (s.M.o.N.) is not known. Among the hypotheses is that of Tsubaki and his colleagues, who suggest that the disease may be a toxic reaction to the oral administration of clioquinol, and a viral theory. We have previously described the isolation and some properties of a suspect virus present in the stool and spinal fluid of S.M.O.II. patients. 2,3 Here we describe the pathogenicity of the virus and present strong evidence supporting our viral theory. </p></blockquote><blockquote><p>Mice.-Newborn mice of dd, C57BL/6, and CFl strains were used. Viral materials were inoculated intracerebrally at birth. The inoculated mice were observed for two months. Mice which died within one week were excluded from the results. C57BL/6 mice were kindly supplied by Dr. A. Ishimoto, Aichi Cancer Center.</p></blockquote><blockquote><p>Results Sato strain.-Only 9 out of 66 dd mice inoculated intracerebrally at birth showed abnormal signs (wasting, ruffling of hair, hydrocephalus), and all 27 of the CFI mice were unaffected.</p></blockquote><p>So out of 66 (interesting number) newborn mice they INJECTED IN THE FUCKING HEAD only 9 of them exhibited ruffling of hair or weight-loss which are two symptoms of stress, most definitely caused from their barbaric torture.</p><p></p><h1><strong>Oh,wait, actually it wasn&#8217;t a &#8220;Virus&#8221;</strong></h1><p>It was some 15 years into the debacle running around trying to blame the Neurological symptoms on a &#8220;Virus&#8221; before someone with a little sense (A rarity in the world of Medicine) started to make some logical observations:  </p><blockquote><h1>The Drug</h1><p>Clioquinol</p><ul><li><p>Sold widely in Japan under brand names like Entero-Vioform</p></li><li><p>Used for diarrhea and gastrointestinal complaints</p></li><li><p>Assumed (incorrectly) to be minimally absorbed</p></li></ul><p>Japan had extremely high usage rates compared to most other countries.</p><h2>&#129514; <strong>What Clioquinol Is</strong></h2><p><strong>Clioquinol</strong> (chemical name <em>5-chloro-7-iodo-8-hydroxyquinoline</em>) is a chemical compound that was developed in the early 20th century and widely used as a <strong>medication against intestinal parasites and diarrhea</strong> (especially amoebic dysentery and other protozoal infections). It also has antimicrobial and antifungal properties.</p><ul><li><p>It&#8217;s a <strong>chelating agent</strong> &#8212; meaning it binds metal ions such as zinc, copper, and iron.</p></li><li><p>This chelation action can slow or stop microbial growth, which is why it was used to treat infections.</p></li><li><p>In modern times, <em>internal</em> use of clioquinol has been discontinued in many countries due to safety concerns, though it may still appear in <strong>topical creams for skin infections</strong> in small concentrations.</p></li></ul></blockquote><p></p><blockquote><h1>Who Made the Connection?</h1><p>The key figures were <strong>Japanese epidemiologists and neurologists</strong>, not foreign virologists.</p><p>The strongest early epidemiologic work is usually credited to:</p><h3>&#128300; Dr. Mitsuo Tsubaki</h3><p>Mitsuo Tsubaki</p><ul><li><p>Neurologist at Niigata University</p></li><li><p>In 1969, he and colleagues began systematically examining patient medication histories</p></li><li><p>Noticed extremely high rates of clioquinol use among SMON patients</p></li></ul><p>Other important contributors:</p><ul><li><p>Dr. Fumio Kono (epidemiology)</p></li><li><p>Dr. Masakuni Kuroiwa</p></li><li><p>Ministry of Health research groups</p></li></ul></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IMVq!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6786b331-ec09-45b7-9c17-54e2f7e419b1_630x932.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IMVq!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6786b331-ec09-45b7-9c17-54e2f7e419b1_630x932.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IMVq!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6786b331-ec09-45b7-9c17-54e2f7e419b1_630x932.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IMVq!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6786b331-ec09-45b7-9c17-54e2f7e419b1_630x932.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IMVq!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6786b331-ec09-45b7-9c17-54e2f7e419b1_630x932.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IMVq!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6786b331-ec09-45b7-9c17-54e2f7e419b1_630x932.webp" width="630" height="932" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6786b331-ec09-45b7-9c17-54e2f7e419b1_630x932.webp&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:932,&quot;width&quot;:630,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:36130,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/webp&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/189394807?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6786b331-ec09-45b7-9c17-54e2f7e419b1_630x932.webp&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IMVq!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6786b331-ec09-45b7-9c17-54e2f7e419b1_630x932.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IMVq!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6786b331-ec09-45b7-9c17-54e2f7e419b1_630x932.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IMVq!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6786b331-ec09-45b7-9c17-54e2f7e419b1_630x932.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IMVq!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6786b331-ec09-45b7-9c17-54e2f7e419b1_630x932.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Dr. Mitsuo Tsubaki was seemingly one of the only rational people out there who put two and two together that people might actually be being harmed by the thing that is designed to kill parasites. I also just want to pause here to focus on the reoccurring theme that has happened for coming on a Century. Whether it be with &#8220;Polio&#8221; or &#8220;BSE/CJD&#8221; or any of these other Neurodegenerating disease symptoms where a Biological Pathogen has been scapegoated as the culprit. In 100% of these cases the true killer has always been on the crime scene and that has always been in chemical format and almost always labelled as an &#8220;Anti-Parasitic&#8221;. </p><p>With &#8220;Polio&#8221; we had the Organochlorine DDT, with &#8220;BSE&#8221; the OrganoPhosphate Phosmet and with SMON it was no different with the Anti-Parasitic drug Clioquinol. The notion that you can make a deadly poison specifically to KILL biological life that you can then swallow and somehow it will just weave around you and only kill the intended target is I think Clinically Insane. All of these Drugs that are designed to KILL things work in roughly the same way (You will be surprised to hear) that they work by charge either binding and chelating metal Ions such as Zinc, Copper and Iron in the case of Clioquinal or by claiming to bind to active channel sites or &#8220;Enzyme&#8221; sites to compete for Ion binding like is the case for Phosmet OR &#8230;.. Ivermectin. </p><p>Once again I want to dwell in the vicinity for a while to impress upon you that it is so very clear to see when you have eyes that can read a simple Data Safety Hazards Sheet. Yes this Anti-Parasitic drug made by MERCK (I.e very much a Big Pharma Product) is a Class 1 Central Nervous System Neurotoxin and has Acute Oral Toxicity. I will say this only once: If you are taking or thinking about taking the Horse Paste because Joe Rogan or Mel Gibson once claiming a friend of a friend had cancer and now they don&#8217;t&#8230; just stop for one second, realize they are literally paid State and Pharma ACTORS and look at the clear label that says this stuff is acutely toxic, then marry this up with the fact that they TELL you it is literally designed to KILL Biological Life&#8230; and please put it away. Thanks. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WgcI!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3ea43c50-e4db-4312-a242-167baed0d202_829x900.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WgcI!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3ea43c50-e4db-4312-a242-167baed0d202_829x900.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WgcI!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3ea43c50-e4db-4312-a242-167baed0d202_829x900.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WgcI!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3ea43c50-e4db-4312-a242-167baed0d202_829x900.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WgcI!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3ea43c50-e4db-4312-a242-167baed0d202_829x900.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WgcI!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3ea43c50-e4db-4312-a242-167baed0d202_829x900.jpeg" width="829" height="900" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/3ea43c50-e4db-4312-a242-167baed0d202_829x900.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:900,&quot;width&quot;:829,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:102224,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/189394807?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3ea43c50-e4db-4312-a242-167baed0d202_829x900.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WgcI!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3ea43c50-e4db-4312-a242-167baed0d202_829x900.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WgcI!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3ea43c50-e4db-4312-a242-167baed0d202_829x900.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WgcI!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3ea43c50-e4db-4312-a242-167baed0d202_829x900.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WgcI!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3ea43c50-e4db-4312-a242-167baed0d202_829x900.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>So back to the story. Clioquinol is a chelator of metals like copper and they all started to notice that SMON patients had some green discoloration especially in the tongue. As Dr Tsubaki did some actual due diligence he found a very clear correlation between his SMON symptomatic patients and all of them have previous or current use of the drug Clioquinol. So he along with Dr Kono and the Ministry of Health research committee started to sound the alarm that he was seeing this clear pattern emerge. </p><blockquote><h2>Mechanism of Government Intervention</h2><h3>Who Actually Ordered the Suspension</h3><ul><li><p>The <strong>Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare (MHW)</strong> itself issued the <strong>official suspension of clioquinol sales in 1970</strong>.</p></li><li><p>Decision was based on:</p><ul><li><p>Scientific data from neurologists and epidemiologists</p></li><li><p>Reports from hospital physicians documenting the neurological syndrome</p></li><li><p>Risk assessment by government advisory boards</p></li></ul></li></ul></blockquote><p></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!okay!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff5dcc3c2-162c-4149-8094-03b533465b8d_544x622.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!okay!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff5dcc3c2-162c-4149-8094-03b533465b8d_544x622.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!okay!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff5dcc3c2-162c-4149-8094-03b533465b8d_544x622.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!okay!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff5dcc3c2-162c-4149-8094-03b533465b8d_544x622.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!okay!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff5dcc3c2-162c-4149-8094-03b533465b8d_544x622.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!okay!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff5dcc3c2-162c-4149-8094-03b533465b8d_544x622.png" width="544" height="622" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!okay!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff5dcc3c2-162c-4149-8094-03b533465b8d_544x622.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!okay!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff5dcc3c2-162c-4149-8094-03b533465b8d_544x622.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!okay!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff5dcc3c2-162c-4149-8094-03b533465b8d_544x622.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!okay!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff5dcc3c2-162c-4149-8094-03b533465b8d_544x622.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div 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stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YReT!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F711fb6ba-45e4-4a60-866a-7593f631f92e_1108x646.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YReT!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F711fb6ba-45e4-4a60-866a-7593f631f92e_1108x646.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YReT!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F711fb6ba-45e4-4a60-866a-7593f631f92e_1108x646.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YReT!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F711fb6ba-45e4-4a60-866a-7593f631f92e_1108x646.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YReT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F711fb6ba-45e4-4a60-866a-7593f631f92e_1108x646.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YReT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F711fb6ba-45e4-4a60-866a-7593f631f92e_1108x646.png" width="1108" height="646" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YReT!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F711fb6ba-45e4-4a60-866a-7593f631f92e_1108x646.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YReT!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F711fb6ba-45e4-4a60-866a-7593f631f92e_1108x646.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YReT!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F711fb6ba-45e4-4a60-866a-7593f631f92e_1108x646.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YReT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F711fb6ba-45e4-4a60-866a-7593f631f92e_1108x646.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>So as they were sounding the alarm and news was reaching local doctors, they obviously stepped back on their prescriptions of Clioquinol and we saw a slight drop in cases of SMON which was the clear indication needed and once the Japanese Medical Council barred the sales of the drug altogether the number of case immediately plummeted thus proving categorically it was the drug causing SMON.</p><h1><strong> Legal Recourse</strong></h1><blockquote><p>More than 11,000 Japanese have been damaged by it in the past two decades, and years of litigation against drug companies and the government in 25 courts have produced record-breaking damages exceeding$100 million.</p><p>It has also evoked criticism of the government&#8217;s drug-evaluating system, of the prescription habits of Japanese doctors, and of the companies that sold the damaging drug as a harmless household remedy for diarrhea.</p><p>Smon (subacute myelo-optico-neuro-pathy) outbreaks in several communities occurred as early as the 1950s. Since then, hundreds of victims have been hospitalized or confined to whellchairs and thousands more crippled so badly they cannot work. One out of 20 has gone totally blind.</p><p>The cause has been identified by medical researchers as Clioquinol, a substance used in antidiarrhea medicines all over the world for decades and said to be still widely prescribed in developing countries where drug regulations are weak.</p><p>A growing number of Japanese judges have accepted the investigators&#8217; findings and labeled Clioquinol as the cause of smon. Two drug companies and the Japanese government have in effect accepted vthat finding and offered to settle out of court, while a third drug company that marketed Clioquinol insists SMON is caused by a virus.</p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1979/03/18/a-japanese-tragedy/69e1c239-834a-4559-8659-b36c26443798" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3s4v!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb2eb52e1-409f-448d-a713-4b80448ea21a_1098x879.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3s4v!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb2eb52e1-409f-448d-a713-4b80448ea21a_1098x879.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3s4v!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb2eb52e1-409f-448d-a713-4b80448ea21a_1098x879.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3s4v!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb2eb52e1-409f-448d-a713-4b80448ea21a_1098x879.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3s4v!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb2eb52e1-409f-448d-a713-4b80448ea21a_1098x879.png" width="1098" height="879" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/b2eb52e1-409f-448d-a713-4b80448ea21a_1098x879.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:879,&quot;width&quot;:1098,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:120375,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1979/03/18/a-japanese-tragedy/69e1c239-834a-4559-8659-b36c26443798&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/189394807?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb2eb52e1-409f-448d-a713-4b80448ea21a_1098x879.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3s4v!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb2eb52e1-409f-448d-a713-4b80448ea21a_1098x879.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3s4v!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb2eb52e1-409f-448d-a713-4b80448ea21a_1098x879.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3s4v!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb2eb52e1-409f-448d-a713-4b80448ea21a_1098x879.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3s4v!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb2eb52e1-409f-448d-a713-4b80448ea21a_1098x879.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Even after the Japanese Medical Council had banned the sale of Clioquinol and proved it was causing SMON due to the cases disappearing almost overnight, some people still were trying to argue that it was caused by a &#8220;Virus&#8221;. It should be heavily underlined and really of no surprise whatsoever that the people drumming up these ludicrous non existent scapegoats were the manufacturers of the drugs. This is absolutely no different to modern cases where the true cause of death and disease through 2020 those of Midazolam, Remdesivir, Intubation and Isolation Protocols are the very same organizations desperately keeping the virus lie alive. </p><p>Further to this they are the same organizations pushing Harmful Ivermectin and Vit D (Rat Poison) protocols on the Anti-vax movement to point at the inevitable destruction in the Unvaxxed community and call foul on &#8220;The Control&#8221; in the Vaxxed vs Unvaxxed narrative.</p><blockquote><h2><strong><a href="https://hermes-ir.lib.hit-u.ac.jp/rs/bitstream/10086/8171/1/HJlaw0250000150.pd">Academic Analysis of the Legal Cases</a></strong></h2><p>Although court judgments themselves are often not freely available online, there are <strong>academic summaries and legal analyses</strong> that describe what the courts decided:</p><h3>&#128196; <em>Hitotsubashi Journal of Law and Politics</em> (1997)</h3><p>This legal article describes the <em>product liability litigation</em> in Japan, including the SMON cases:</p><p>&#128279; <strong>Hitotsubashi Journal (Section on SMON case)</strong><br>Key points from this paper include:</p><ul><li><p>More than <strong>5,000 plaintiffs</strong> sued drug makers and the government.</p></li><li><p>In the <strong>late 1970s</strong>, some courts ruled for plaintiffs.</p></li><li><p>The Tokyo District Court facilitated <strong>settlements and judgments</strong> beginning in 1977&#8211;1978.</p></li><li><p>Negotiations and a <em>confirmed global settlement</em> took effect in 1979.</p></li></ul><p>This source also highlights how Japanese liability law evolved through these mass tort cases.</p><div><hr></div><h2>&#128204; <strong> Contextual Reports and Claims</strong></h2><h3>&#128196; <em>SoCHARA Archives (Community Health)</em></h3><p>This archived document summarizes the SMON litigation process:</p><p>&#128279; <strong>SoCHARA Archive: SMON clioquinol litigation overview</strong><br>It notes that litigation started around <strong>May 1971</strong>, and after about <strong>8 years, two legal conclusions were reached</strong> in the Tokyo District Court:</p><ol><li><p><strong>Clioquinol causes SMON</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Ciba-Geigy and others were liable for failing to warn</strong> about risks</p></li></ol></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/national/1978/08/04/suit-decided-in-japan/e1aca7b2-92c5-4c2e-9e6e-a64215a9574e/" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!e6u-!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F91d45d3d-9855-47ae-b603-a4827793f259_1423x595.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!e6u-!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F91d45d3d-9855-47ae-b603-a4827793f259_1423x595.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!e6u-!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F91d45d3d-9855-47ae-b603-a4827793f259_1423x595.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!e6u-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F91d45d3d-9855-47ae-b603-a4827793f259_1423x595.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!e6u-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F91d45d3d-9855-47ae-b603-a4827793f259_1423x595.png" width="1423" height="595" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/91d45d3d-9855-47ae-b603-a4827793f259_1423x595.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:595,&quot;width&quot;:1423,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:65032,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/national/1978/08/04/suit-decided-in-japan/e1aca7b2-92c5-4c2e-9e6e-a64215a9574e/&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/189394807?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F91d45d3d-9855-47ae-b603-a4827793f259_1423x595.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!e6u-!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F91d45d3d-9855-47ae-b603-a4827793f259_1423x595.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!e6u-!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F91d45d3d-9855-47ae-b603-a4827793f259_1423x595.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!e6u-!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F91d45d3d-9855-47ae-b603-a4827793f259_1423x595.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!e6u-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F91d45d3d-9855-47ae-b603-a4827793f259_1423x595.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/national/1978/08/04/suit-decided-in-japan/e1aca7b2-92c5-4c2e-9e6e-a64215a9574e/" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XzQB!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff7b99b49-bea7-4f54-93a5-0c3153b02dcd_1012x516.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XzQB!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff7b99b49-bea7-4f54-93a5-0c3153b02dcd_1012x516.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XzQB!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff7b99b49-bea7-4f54-93a5-0c3153b02dcd_1012x516.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XzQB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff7b99b49-bea7-4f54-93a5-0c3153b02dcd_1012x516.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XzQB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff7b99b49-bea7-4f54-93a5-0c3153b02dcd_1012x516.png" width="1012" height="516" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XzQB!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff7b99b49-bea7-4f54-93a5-0c3153b02dcd_1012x516.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XzQB!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff7b99b49-bea7-4f54-93a5-0c3153b02dcd_1012x516.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XzQB!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff7b99b49-bea7-4f54-93a5-0c3153b02dcd_1012x516.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XzQB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff7b99b49-bea7-4f54-93a5-0c3153b02dcd_1012x516.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>So at the end of a 10 year grueling period of litigation <strong>Ciba-Geigy the makers of Clioquinol ended up paying damages in the region of 110 Billion Yen or roughly $300 Million. Strangely despite Clioquinol being prescribed in many other countries under different brand names the cases were never quite as high as in Japan and had localized clusters. This was fobbed off as being specific to Japan because the dosages of prescribed Pesticide to ingest were much higher than the rest of the world. This begs the question that, yes the most maimed and killed were identified and some of those were compensated for damages but the true extent of the damage of a single drug is likely far far higher.</strong></p><h1><strong>LESSON LEARNED? </strong></h1><p>Over a 30 year period from mass rollout of Neurotoxic PestiCIDE to the killing, blinding and maiming of tens, potentially hundreds of thousands of people, to having to thwart off the advances of the Drug manufacturers ridiculous &#8220;Viral&#8221; scapegoat to finally proving this disastrous drugs causation to getting the damages and compensation. You would have thought that lessons were well and truly learned, with people being skeptical of being fed drugs that are designed to kill things and also of the drugs manufacturers having been stung to the tune of nearly half a Billion dollars&#8230;..?</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fKKk!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd10d7e22-c178-4ef5-9031-5de9f822f59e_500x294.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fKKk!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd10d7e22-c178-4ef5-9031-5de9f822f59e_500x294.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fKKk!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd10d7e22-c178-4ef5-9031-5de9f822f59e_500x294.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fKKk!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd10d7e22-c178-4ef5-9031-5de9f822f59e_500x294.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fKKk!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd10d7e22-c178-4ef5-9031-5de9f822f59e_500x294.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fKKk!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd10d7e22-c178-4ef5-9031-5de9f822f59e_500x294.jpeg" width="500" height="294" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fKKk!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd10d7e22-c178-4ef5-9031-5de9f822f59e_500x294.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fKKk!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd10d7e22-c178-4ef5-9031-5de9f822f59e_500x294.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fKKk!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd10d7e22-c178-4ef5-9031-5de9f822f59e_500x294.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fKKk!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd10d7e22-c178-4ef5-9031-5de9f822f59e_500x294.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>****************************Laughs Maniacally***************************************</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0163725819300488" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_7ka!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2d0b2b7e-99cf-490f-8eec-7827f088c7e2_928x493.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_7ka!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2d0b2b7e-99cf-490f-8eec-7827f088c7e2_928x493.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_7ka!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2d0b2b7e-99cf-490f-8eec-7827f088c7e2_928x493.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_7ka!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2d0b2b7e-99cf-490f-8eec-7827f088c7e2_928x493.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_7ka!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2d0b2b7e-99cf-490f-8eec-7827f088c7e2_928x493.png" width="928" height="493" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_7ka!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2d0b2b7e-99cf-490f-8eec-7827f088c7e2_928x493.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_7ka!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2d0b2b7e-99cf-490f-8eec-7827f088c7e2_928x493.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_7ka!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2d0b2b7e-99cf-490f-8eec-7827f088c7e2_928x493.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_7ka!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2d0b2b7e-99cf-490f-8eec-7827f088c7e2_928x493.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0163725819300488" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JpwV!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fecfe2830-a67b-4aed-b6b9-def5b11a8de2_952x421.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JpwV!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fecfe2830-a67b-4aed-b6b9-def5b11a8de2_952x421.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JpwV!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fecfe2830-a67b-4aed-b6b9-def5b11a8de2_952x421.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JpwV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fecfe2830-a67b-4aed-b6b9-def5b11a8de2_952x421.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JpwV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fecfe2830-a67b-4aed-b6b9-def5b11a8de2_952x421.png" width="952" height="421" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JpwV!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fecfe2830-a67b-4aed-b6b9-def5b11a8de2_952x421.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JpwV!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fecfe2830-a67b-4aed-b6b9-def5b11a8de2_952x421.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JpwV!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fecfe2830-a67b-4aed-b6b9-def5b11a8de2_952x421.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JpwV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fecfe2830-a67b-4aed-b6b9-def5b11a8de2_952x421.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Nope they waited a couple of decades and are now investigating it as a Cancer Cure (2019). I mean if it weren&#8217;t so tragic it&#8217;d be pant wetingly funny.  If it weren&#8217;t the case that we know damned well some complete conman like William Makis won&#8217;t be convincing gullible people that the fake cancer diagnosis they are being given by PCR testing, that eating this new brand of extra special Horse Paste are gonna cure them of, it&#8217;d be alright. But NO, this is the modern world we live in where despite access to the entire Stratosphere of information at their finger tips people still choose to poison themselves with shit that is literally designed to KILL BIOLOGICAL LIFE and has KILLED HUMANS because some anonymous wankstain told them &#8220;it&#8217;s not a vaccine&#8221;. Sorry&#8230; it just irks me&#8230; call me an empath or some shit. </p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The Virology Controls Studies Project is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><h1><strong>CONCLUSION</strong></h1><p>This story should be thought of as *the* seminal account of Virology. It had absolutely everything there was to offer in a full debunking of the contagion theory, the real culprit proved to be the toxic drugs all along, compensation in litigation for those harmed and then the infuriating cycle of pain, death and disease caused by Big Pharma restarting again once the memory has faded. </p><p>I want to focus in on a few areas to make sure that we all fully comprehend what has happened here, especially in the early stages of this story in regards to the &#8220;Virus&#8221; part:</p><p>With the emergence of a supposedly new disease in a localized area they of course jumped to the assumption it was a &#8220;virus&#8221; to blame. The strange thing is, is that they claimed to not only isolate this virus using a fraudulent Cell Culture method but absolutely bizarrely managed to point this exact virus out in Transmission Electron Microscopy. They claimed it was an exact size an exact shape, ironically very different to it&#8217;s claimed &#8220;identical&#8221; counterpart &#8220;Herpes&#8221;. </p><p>They went even further and claimed to kill newborn mice with this &#8220;virus&#8221;, not very many out of the pool, but they definitely did claim to kill them. Had this have been a decade later once &#8220;Genetic Sequencing&#8221; had been invented you can guarantee that they would have found a distinct genome for this &#8220;Virus&#8221; too, likely probably a some sort of sub genus of &#8220;Herpes&#8221;. </p><p>So the big question is: What happened after it was proved that it was Clioquinol that caused SMON?!! This Isolation was just undone? The &#8220;virus&#8221; particle they zoomed in on and confidently called SMON Virus? Nope it just wasn&#8217;t a &#8220;Virus&#8221;?! The killing mice by injecting them in the skull wasn&#8217;t actually death by &#8220;virus&#8221;, color me shocked! They just walked back the entire process of &#8220;Viral&#8221; identification right in front of everyone. They have shown the world that they can literally fabricate the existence of a &#8220;Virus&#8221; whenever they want by starving a cell culture, imaging cellular debris and injecting newborn mice in the head. So another big question is what is stopping them from fabricating every &#8220;virus&#8221; like this (*Hint* that&#8217;s exactly what has happened).</p><p>So they proved this set of neurological symptoms were indeed caused by yet another pestiCIDE designed to kill biological life. I will reiterate this point because it is very important. The notion that you can drink or eat a chemical that is designed to kill biological life and it just avoids YOU, weaves its way around all of the identical tissues in your body, locates the thing you want it to kill (Even though it isn&#8217;t actually even the cause of your ailment) and then just kill that, is barbarically fucking stupid&#8230; don&#8217;t do it. This is not the way chemistry works. Their claimed specificity of killing mechanisms are proved absolute bullshit simply by looking at the exact side effects caused on the data safety hazards sheets.. which will be identical to the way it claims to kill the parasites i.e a strong neurotoxin. </p><p>There was a vaguely happy ending to this story in the fact that they proved it was the drug doing the damage and compensated those who had been harmed. The drugs company Ciba&#8209;Geigy coughed up nearly 1/2 Billion dollars in damages so quite clearly they were damaged to the point of no return right&#8230;..right? Well no, not at all they went on happily shifting their murderous wares until 1996 when they merged with Novartis to become Novartis AG one of the largest drugs companies on the planet. hmm, so literally just a tiny little speed bump made of dead bodies for them then. </p><p>To rub pesticide flavored slat into the wound given that only a few nutters like me have ever bothered to tell this story, they waited this out for a few years and are now pushing this drug PROVED to cause death and disease in a court of law&#8230;..on cancer patients. So we have glimpsed the ENTIRE pharmaceutical wheel in motion from poisoning, to scapegoating, to being caught red-handed, to handing over loose change , to building back their profit margins and then propagandizing THE SAME DRUG THAT STARTED IT ALL.  I mean they are such brazen psychopaths they haven&#8217;t even bothered to change the name before trying again. </p><p>But now you have seen the cycle in full HD super slow mo. Now you can spot it you are forever empowered to notice it at any point in the cycle, and hopefully call it out. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="http://buymeacoffee.com/controlstudies" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_FsA!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F20cc9f20-b8c5-4510-a329-e769faecedc4_535x265.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_FsA!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F20cc9f20-b8c5-4510-a329-e769faecedc4_535x265.png 848w, 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stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>This article is available as an Ebook on ShadowBanned Library. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://shadowbannedlibrary.com/collections/browse-by-author-jamie-andrews" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xoEh!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb266fe8c-4094-48b5-bb43-781a3fd96b6e_1851x1036.png 424w, 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data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/b266fe8c-4094-48b5-bb43-781a3fd96b6e_1851x1036.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:815,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:1113120,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https://shadowbannedlibrary.com/collections/browse-by-author-jamie-andrews&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/189394807?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb266fe8c-4094-48b5-bb43-781a3fd96b6e_1851x1036.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xoEh!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb266fe8c-4094-48b5-bb43-781a3fd96b6e_1851x1036.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xoEh!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb266fe8c-4094-48b5-bb43-781a3fd96b6e_1851x1036.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xoEh!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb266fe8c-4094-48b5-bb43-781a3fd96b6e_1851x1036.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xoEh!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb266fe8c-4094-48b5-bb43-781a3fd96b6e_1851x1036.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Interview with Tom Nelson]]></title><description><![CDATA[The Virology Controls Studies Project is a reader-supported publication.]]></description><link>https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/interview-with-tom-nelson</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/interview-with-tom-nelson</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Jamie Andrews]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 01 Mar 2026 15:30:30 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.substack.com/feed/podcast/188707048/28e3e660820e8461dd9295893d415f5c.mp3" length="0" type="audio/mpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The Virology Controls Studies Project is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p>The Annual Subscription is being kept at the incredibly low price of just $35. I sell no bullshit supplements, no crappy merchandise, no whacko gadgets, I have no sponsors, no advertising and everything is possible to read for free. However to help in running the experiments and to cover the huge costs that are mounting from travel and expenses to operate the project, please consider donating to the largest Crowdsourced and Opensourced experiments falsifying Virology. Thank you.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L92B!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F90c5f7d9-656f-4cec-aa03-f2fad03b017b_337x502.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L92B!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F90c5f7d9-656f-4cec-aa03-f2fad03b017b_337x502.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L92B!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F90c5f7d9-656f-4cec-aa03-f2fad03b017b_337x502.webp 848w, 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pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[The (Spike) Protein Hoax]]></title><description><![CDATA[What is there to be scared of?]]></description><link>https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/the-spike-protein-hoax</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/the-spike-protein-hoax</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Jamie Andrews]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 18 Feb 2026 13:25:51 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/24e904b1-2faf-46a8-a223-86716fce4803_832x1248.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Annual Subscription is being kept at the incredibly low price of just $35. I sell no bullshit supplements, no crappy merchandise, no whacko gadgets, I have no sponsors, no advertising and everything is possible to read for free. However to help in running the experiments and to cover the huge costs that are mounting from travel and expenses to operate the project, please consider donating to the largest Crowdsourced and Opensourced experiments falsifying Virology. Thank you.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp" width="337" height="502" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:502,&quot;width&quot;:337,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:12798,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/webp&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/182726447?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The Virology Controls Studies Project is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p>It has been a much requested article to lift the veil on the (Spike) Protein Hoax, it has been long overdue, so finally I have managed to get around to it. I put &#8220;Spike&#8221; in brackets because to truly get the bottom of how deep the fraud goes in this subject you need to fully understand the &#8220;Bio&#8221;Chemical hoax and how that relates to the entire class of proteins, that they are indeed just a lab value made from indiscriminate Biological liquid rather than a distinct particle or &#8220;thing&#8221; themselves. You could probably piece together from various of my other articles on Enzymes and DNA, the fraud of Proteins and certainly how it relates to any &#8220;spike&#8221; found on a non existent &#8220;virus&#8221;. But nevertheless I do think it important to be &#8220;specific&#8221; about these things, so here we go ( going to be a pretty long one, so strap in).</p><p>As illuded to above I want to touch very briefly on the subject of &#8220;Non Existence&#8221;. There is a growing movement of Controlled Opposition and Mainstream Medical psychos (Same thing alert) that have taken to strawmanning my position as a coping mechanism to say I am claiming that &#8220;Nothing Exists&#8221; HarHarHar (Sarcastic Laugh). I mean it is a legitimate scientific talking point that would NOT have you laughed out of either the mainstream or alternative circles if framed in the correct manner: Are we actually experiencing reality? Are we actually touching physical things, or is it all just perceived impulses giving you feeling of a tangible reality? </p><p>This of course is NOT my focus or interest at all, and when I say that especially &#8220;Bio&#8221;Chemicals are a hoax and &#8220;Do not Exist&#8221; this is far from the point I am trying to make. With &#8220;Viruses&#8221; we have beyond reasonable doubt proved they do not exist as the physical particles they called &#8220;Viruses&#8221; were indeed mislabeled commonly occurring cellular debris. With &#8220;Bio&#8221;Chemicals such as proteins there is even less there tangibly to start with, with their very claim. There is no &#8220;Protein&#8221; particle, you can&#8217;t just zoom in a see it with any microscope, the only thing that exists in their claim is a tangled incoherent Computer generated cartoon, as seen below, which is claimed to be the infamous Ace 2 Receptor.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0VlO!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa10d78df-d377-4643-bf28-36ebc7749a9f_612x408.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0VlO!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa10d78df-d377-4643-bf28-36ebc7749a9f_612x408.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0VlO!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa10d78df-d377-4643-bf28-36ebc7749a9f_612x408.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0VlO!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa10d78df-d377-4643-bf28-36ebc7749a9f_612x408.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0VlO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa10d78df-d377-4643-bf28-36ebc7749a9f_612x408.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0VlO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa10d78df-d377-4643-bf28-36ebc7749a9f_612x408.jpeg" width="612" height="408" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0VlO!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa10d78df-d377-4643-bf28-36ebc7749a9f_612x408.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0VlO!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa10d78df-d377-4643-bf28-36ebc7749a9f_612x408.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0VlO!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa10d78df-d377-4643-bf28-36ebc7749a9f_612x408.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0VlO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa10d78df-d377-4643-bf28-36ebc7749a9f_612x408.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>So what do I exactly mean when I say something inflammatory like &#8220;Proteins don&#8217;t exist&#8221;? To answer this question you must be au fait with laboratory processes and exactly WHAT they are claiming is a protein. This is roughly the same with every lab process when it comes to Biology so applies to all. The basic premise that the fraud of Chemistry has set out to do is to refine everything in the Biological realm down to its core components, and laudable task, if correct. The problem is that very soon into their endeavor a bunch of shit stain investors like the Rothschilds and Rockefellers usurped these initial observations of ironically Cutting, Burning and Poisoning everything in a test tube. They pushed it into the realms of the unseen, in molecular and atomistic chemistry.  </p><p>They ended up convincing the general population that the core essence of a Lemon was Vitamin C that this chemical was the building blocks of what made a lemon, lemony. Now this is a dumb and completely useless trick, take anything, a football for instance, pop it to remove the air, burn it into a puddle, pour some acid on it and finally separate off the liquid with ethanol. What you have left is &#8220;The Essence Of Football&#8221;, If you drink it everyday you will play more like Messi or Ronaldo (Delete where applicable). Of course this sounds absolutely fucking insane, why wouldn&#8217;t it? But this is EXACTLY what they are claiming with vitamins and &#8220;Bio&#8221;Chemicals. In fact it is 10 times worse, because in today&#8217;s barbarically stupid Scientifically Brainwashed cult society we live in, they don&#8217;t even get &#8220;Essence of Lemon&#8221; from Lemons any more, it comes from High Fructose Corn Syrup SMH:</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sAud!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc75a0fd9-8c1d-4bd0-9b68-3be574a09ee1_680x652.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sAud!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc75a0fd9-8c1d-4bd0-9b68-3be574a09ee1_680x652.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sAud!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc75a0fd9-8c1d-4bd0-9b68-3be574a09ee1_680x652.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sAud!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc75a0fd9-8c1d-4bd0-9b68-3be574a09ee1_680x652.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sAud!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc75a0fd9-8c1d-4bd0-9b68-3be574a09ee1_680x652.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sAud!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc75a0fd9-8c1d-4bd0-9b68-3be574a09ee1_680x652.jpeg" width="680" height="652" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sAud!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc75a0fd9-8c1d-4bd0-9b68-3be574a09ee1_680x652.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sAud!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc75a0fd9-8c1d-4bd0-9b68-3be574a09ee1_680x652.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sAud!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc75a0fd9-8c1d-4bd0-9b68-3be574a09ee1_680x652.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sAud!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc75a0fd9-8c1d-4bd0-9b68-3be574a09ee1_680x652.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JmDC!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F282a8b50-faa9-4a5e-99ee-fa7651d377ce_609x680.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JmDC!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F282a8b50-faa9-4a5e-99ee-fa7651d377ce_609x680.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JmDC!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F282a8b50-faa9-4a5e-99ee-fa7651d377ce_609x680.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JmDC!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F282a8b50-faa9-4a5e-99ee-fa7651d377ce_609x680.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JmDC!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F282a8b50-faa9-4a5e-99ee-fa7651d377ce_609x680.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JmDC!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F282a8b50-faa9-4a5e-99ee-fa7651d377ce_609x680.jpeg" width="609" height="680" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/282a8b50-faa9-4a5e-99ee-fa7651d377ce_609x680.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:680,&quot;width&quot;:609,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:65237,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/187569762?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F282a8b50-faa9-4a5e-99ee-fa7651d377ce_609x680.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JmDC!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F282a8b50-faa9-4a5e-99ee-fa7651d377ce_609x680.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JmDC!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F282a8b50-faa9-4a5e-99ee-fa7651d377ce_609x680.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JmDC!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F282a8b50-faa9-4a5e-99ee-fa7651d377ce_609x680.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JmDC!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F282a8b50-faa9-4a5e-99ee-fa7651d377ce_609x680.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>So that is what I mean when I say &#8220;Proteins&#8221; don&#8217;t exist. Of course they have a liquid in a test tube that they have put a label on it saying &#8220;In Dis Toob iz ProTeenz&#8221;. That liquid has its own properties of usually being a colorless odorless liquid with a distinct pH (Very Important) and contains residuals of the harmful chemicals used to &#8220;extract&#8221;. It is a Frankenstein soup that causes a set of Lab Values that they claim represent the existence of &#8220;Protein&#8221;. As I will demonstrate in this article the reagents that go into the Lab assays are certainly not specific to &#8220;Proteins&#8221; and indeed the environment based on pH, temperature and concentration are the determining factors of those lab values. So the only thing that enables the Chemists to say &#8220;This here is Protein&#8221;, are the circular reasoned lab values and is entirely just a question of altering the reagents to get the presupposed value they wanted.</p><p>Hence with all of the above, there is nothing there, &#8220;Proteins&#8221; don&#8217;t exist in the physical realm as a particle with distinct properties of their own, they, like all other &#8220;Bio&#8221;Chemicals are just an assortment of random chemicals and processes labelled according to their lab value. I could do the same with anything, labelling a test tube full of Gravy, spit from a camel, toe nail clippings from a Marmoset and Lilt as an &#8220;Ace 2 Receptor Protein&#8221;, it doesn&#8217;t make it so.  </p><p>So, without further ado and anymore pandering to the intentionally obtuse&#8230;. let&#8217;s pull this thing apart: </p><p></p><h1><strong>The Beginnings of &#8220;Proteins&#8221;</strong></h1><p></p><blockquote><h2>1) Who &#8220;discovered&#8221; proteins?</h2><h3><strong>Antoine Fourcroy (late 1700s)</strong></h3><ul><li><p>He and others noticed that animal substances like <strong>egg white, blood serum, and muscle</strong> behaved similarly in experiments.</p></li><li><p>But they didn&#8217;t have the concept &#8220;protein&#8221; yet.</p></li></ul><h3><strong>Gerardus Johannes Mulder (1830s)</strong></h3><ul><li><p>Mulder analyzed substances like <strong>albumin (egg white)</strong>, <strong>fibrin (blood clot material)</strong>, and <strong>casein (milk)</strong>.</p></li><li><p>He concluded they were built from a similar &#8220;core&#8221; chemical composition.</p></li></ul><h3><strong>J&#246;ns Jakob Berzelius (1838)</strong></h3><ul><li><p>This is the key naming moment:</p></li><li><p>Berzelius suggested the word <strong>&#8220;protein&#8221;</strong> (from Greek <em>proteios</em>, meaning &#8220;primary&#8221; or &#8220;of first importance&#8221;).</p></li><li><p>So he didn&#8217;t discover them experimentally, but he basically <strong>coined the concept</strong> as a fundamental biological substance.</p></li></ul><p>&#9989; If you want one &#8220;official&#8221; credit:<br><strong>Mulder characterized them chemically, Berzelius named them.</strong></p><div><hr></div><h2>2) How were proteins first isolated?</h2><p>Early protein isolation was basically <strong>kitchen chemistry + precipitation</strong>.</p><h3><strong>A) Egg white (albumin)</strong></h3><p>People noticed egg white:</p><ul><li><p><strong>coagulates when heated</strong></p></li><li><p>forms a solid when treated with acids</p></li></ul><p>That coagulated solid is mostly <strong>denatured albumin</strong> &#8212; an early crude &#8220;isolation.&#8221;</p><h3><strong>B) Milk (casein)</strong></h3><p>If you add acid (like vinegar) to milk:</p><ul><li><p>it curdles</p></li><li><p>the curds are mostly <strong>casein</strong></p></li></ul><p>That&#8217;s also a crude but real protein isolation.</p><h3><strong>C) Blood (fibrin)</strong></h3><p>Blood left to clot produces:</p><ul><li><p>a fibrous solid network = <strong>fibrin</strong></p></li><li><p>this was one of the earliest proteins studied because it&#8217;s so visible.</p></li></ul></blockquote><p></p><p>So looking into the Naive interests of our lab scientists a couple of hundred years ago, they pointed out that milk curdles if you put acid in it and if you heat up an egg the white goes solid. I mean hardly rocket science and why you should conclude anything about this property any more than you can cook an egg or make cheese from milk is not clear (Well it is, it is all a money making exercise in propaganda for the state). But here we are, they used Acid which literally changes the charge of claimed molecules causing them to clump, this is the same with lots of different types of &#8220;Bio&#8221;Chemicals including Sugar which clump and precipitate in acid. This is also the case with claimed &#8220;DNA&#8221; which later on you will find there is nothing separating these two things really. </p><p></p><h1><strong>How to Test For &#8220;Protein&#8221;</strong></h1><p>They are going to tell you that there are chemical assays and dyes that test specifically for protein. These same dyes such as <strong>Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 are used right the way across the board from simple presence tests that you might have done in school with the Biuret test which is roughly the same stuff, right the way up to Western Blotting in Gel electrophoresis considered the most accurate (apart from claimed molecular tests).</strong></p><p>So let&#8217;s have a look at this claimed universal &#8220;test&#8221;:</p><blockquote><h2>1&#65039;&#8419; Who developed it</h2><ul><li><p><strong>Developed by:</strong> <em>Marion M. Bradford</em></p></li><li><p><strong>Year:</strong> 1976</p></li><li><p><strong>Purpose:</strong> To create a <strong>fast, sensitive, and simple assay for measuring protein concentration</strong> in biological samples.</p></li></ul><p>Before Bradford&#8217;s work, assays like the <strong>Lowry method</strong> were accurate but <strong>slow and cumbersome</strong>, requiring multiple reagents and long incubation times. Bradford wanted something <strong>rapid, reliable, and less reagent-intensive</strong>.</p><div><hr></div><h2>2&#65039;&#8419; How it was developed</h2><ol><li><p>Bradford was studying protein-dye interactions in his lab.</p></li><li><p>He tested several <strong>triphenylmethane dyes</strong> for their ability to bind proteins.</p></li><li><p>He found <strong>Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250</strong> worked best:</p><ul><li><p>Bound rapidly to proteins</p></li><li><p>Produced a strong <strong>visible color change</strong></p></li><li><p>Could be measured spectrophotometrically at <strong>595 nm</strong></p></li></ul></li><li><p>He optimized conditions for:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Acidic environment</strong> (low pH ~1) &#8594; stabilizes dye-protein binding</p></li><li><p><strong>Rapid color development</strong> (within ~5 minutes)</p></li><li><p><strong>Linear range</strong> for protein concentration (~1&#8211;20 &#181;g/mL)</p></li></ul></li></ol><p>&#9989; The Bradford assay became extremely popular because it was <strong>faster and easier</strong> than Lowry or Biuret methods.</p></blockquote><blockquote><h2>1&#65039;&#8419; Who invented Coomassie Brilliant Blue</h2><ul><li><p><strong>Coomassie Brilliant Blue</strong> is actually <strong>not invented by a single biochemist</strong> &#8212; it was synthesized as a <strong>textile dye</strong> in the late 19th/early 20th century.</p></li><li><p>There are a few variants: <strong>G-250</strong> (used in Bradford), R-250, R-350.</p></li><li><p><strong>G-250</strong> was later adopted for biochemical use because:</p><ul><li><p>It is stable in acidic solution</p></li><li><p>It has strong visible color changes</p></li><li><p>It interacts with proteins via <strong>electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions</strong></p></li></ul></li></ul><p>&#9989; So Marion Bradford didn&#8217;t invent the dye; she <strong>repurposed an existing textile dye</strong> for protein quantification.</p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Gssf!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe1d8108c-dee2-45c7-9b82-52d4cfba3efd_1003x229.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Gssf!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe1d8108c-dee2-45c7-9b82-52d4cfba3efd_1003x229.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Gssf!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe1d8108c-dee2-45c7-9b82-52d4cfba3efd_1003x229.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Gssf!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe1d8108c-dee2-45c7-9b82-52d4cfba3efd_1003x229.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Gssf!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe1d8108c-dee2-45c7-9b82-52d4cfba3efd_1003x229.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Gssf!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe1d8108c-dee2-45c7-9b82-52d4cfba3efd_1003x229.png" width="1003" height="229" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e1d8108c-dee2-45c7-9b82-52d4cfba3efd_1003x229.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:229,&quot;width&quot;:1003,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:61553,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/187569762?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe1d8108c-dee2-45c7-9b82-52d4cfba3efd_1003x229.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Gssf!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe1d8108c-dee2-45c7-9b82-52d4cfba3efd_1003x229.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Gssf!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe1d8108c-dee2-45c7-9b82-52d4cfba3efd_1003x229.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Gssf!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe1d8108c-dee2-45c7-9b82-52d4cfba3efd_1003x229.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Gssf!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe1d8108c-dee2-45c7-9b82-52d4cfba3efd_1003x229.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Interestingly enough, both Grok and Chat GPT thought that Marion Bradford who developed this Universal test for protein was a woman, yet on Google search it seems to suggest it was a man?! Even more intriguing is that there seem to be no photos of this person in existence which considering they were claimed to only have died in 2021 at the age of 74 is exceptionally fucking weird.   </p><p>The other thing that stands out like a sore thumb with this weird story is that this androgenous anonymity supposedly just happened across a Textile Dye used to make blue knitting wools, somehow this bright spark thought hmmm&#8230;. I bet that Wool dye will be able to adequately tell whether there is a protein in something or not. Took some into his/her lab and hey presto it worked, what were the odds! I mean call me a cynical bastard but this isn&#8217;t really adding up here. </p><p>But nevertheless the way this came about is irrelevant, the claim is here that this wool dye test SPECIFICALLY for &#8220;protein&#8221;.</p><h1><strong>It&#8217;s all just charge (surprising huh!)  </strong></h1><p>As seen above, the Bradford Wool Dye MUST repeat MUST be done in an acidic environment. Without this pre-requisite there is no test. This is quite a major flaw in a test as by definition this then becomes an independent variable in and of itself. Are you really measuring the sample? Or are you merely measuring the pH ( what do you think I think? lol). </p><p>So let&#8217;s chuck some basic questions at Chat GPT and see if this test passes muster, or will it crumble at the slightest of investigation?  </p><blockquote><h2>What happens if you add a neutral or basic sample</h2><ul><li><p>If you add a solution with <strong>high pH or strong buffer</strong>, it can partially <strong>neutralize the acid</strong>.</p></li><li><p>This shifts the dye <strong>toward the green or blue forms</strong> <strong>even without protein</strong>, causing <strong>apparent color change</strong>.</p></li></ul><p>&#9888;&#65039; This is essentially a <strong>pH artifact</strong>.</p><ul><li><p>The Bradford assay is <strong>optimized for small sample volumes</strong> (so that pH doesn&#8217;t shift significantly).</p></li><li><p>If the sample is <strong>too alkaline or high volume</strong>, the free dye will turn blue <strong>independently of protein</strong> &#8594; false signal.</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h2>3&#65039;&#8419; Practical lab implications</h2><ul><li><p><strong>Samples must not drastically alter the pH</strong> of the acidic dye solution.</p></li><li><p>If your sample is basic (e.g., NaOH, Tris buffer at high concentration), you need to:</p><ol><li><p>Dilute it sufficiently</p></li><li><p>Or neutralize/dilute the buffer to prevent pH shifts</p></li></ol></li><li><p>Otherwise, you <strong>risk a false positive</strong>.</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h2>4&#65039;&#8419; Key insight</h2><p>&#9989; The <strong>blue color normally in the assay is caused by protein binding</strong>, not pH change.</p><p>&#9888;&#65039; But <strong>if the sample significantly raises the pH</strong>, you can artificially induce the blue form <strong>without any protein</strong>, which is why <strong>pH control is critical</strong>.</p><blockquote><p>In other words: the assay measures protein, but it assumes the <strong>acidic dye environment is maintained</strong>. Any strong pH-altering sample can interfere.</p></blockquote></blockquote><p></p><p>Well, what did you expect? Of course at the slightest of scrutiny this test crumbled by the wayside. If the sample you are adding is in anyway Alkaline then this test will test positive &#8220;without any protein added&#8221; in the words of Chat GPT. There we have it Ladies and Gentlemen another notch in the belt, a theoretical Control Experiment win, the test for Protein is actually a test for pH. But it gets better! </p><blockquote><h3>Q: The blue color is actually technically from increased anions correct? Short Answer</h3><p>Yes &#8212; the blue color comes from <strong>the dye shifting to its anionic form</strong>, which is stabilized when it binds to protein.</p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4vju!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F795d43e5-8bc7-49f9-8950-f0cabc71d217_792x262.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4vju!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F795d43e5-8bc7-49f9-8950-f0cabc71d217_792x262.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4vju!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F795d43e5-8bc7-49f9-8950-f0cabc71d217_792x262.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4vju!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F795d43e5-8bc7-49f9-8950-f0cabc71d217_792x262.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4vju!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F795d43e5-8bc7-49f9-8950-f0cabc71d217_792x262.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4vju!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F795d43e5-8bc7-49f9-8950-f0cabc71d217_792x262.png" width="792" height="262" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/795d43e5-8bc7-49f9-8950-f0cabc71d217_792x262.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:262,&quot;width&quot;:792,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:17050,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/187569762?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F795d43e5-8bc7-49f9-8950-f0cabc71d217_792x262.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4vju!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F795d43e5-8bc7-49f9-8950-f0cabc71d217_792x262.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4vju!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F795d43e5-8bc7-49f9-8950-f0cabc71d217_792x262.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4vju!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F795d43e5-8bc7-49f9-8950-f0cabc71d217_792x262.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4vju!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F795d43e5-8bc7-49f9-8950-f0cabc71d217_792x262.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>As discussed a few times on this channel, pH is just a measurement of charge. They readily admit this in all literature that the test is a Potentiometer (Measures Voltage potential) of the amount of Hydrogen Ions in a sample. High Positive charge = High Hydrogen Atoms = Acidic and vice versa.</p><p>So this should be an easy one to join together, and clarified with AI, that YES the test for a Protein used in every major lab worldwide IS a test for Ionic content or Charge! I obviously proved the same thing with the PCR and implied that it would be the same given that all of these &#8220;Bio&#8221;Chemicals are measured in Gel Electrophoresis (Which we will discuss in a bit more depth in a bit). But still, it is great to have further confirmation that the exact &#8220;Specific&#8221; test for &#8220;Proteins&#8221; is no different. </p><p>Below is a Published Paper, one of many on the subject of Salts interfering with the Bradford Wool Dye assay. With molecular chemistry they claim that a salt will dissociate into its respective ions in solution, so one would imagine that this is what is causing the interference. One would have to bear in mind that if you are to take at face value Molecular Chemistry that a salt is Ionically balanced so in theory the solution stays the same charge, with each set of Ions balancing each other out. I experienced this whilst conducting PCR control experiments, because I had researched it measuring charge I was searching for substances that would impart charge into a sample, so put all manner of salts in. </p><p>This however tended to do the opposite of what I was hoping that samples of things that were giving positive signals were being damped by the addition of salt. So really these types of papers are not even fully controlling for the hypothesis they are really meant to be testing. This is a difficult thing to produce by the way, some sort of &#8220;charged&#8221; substance because you have to make a very complex system of charged filters so that ions don&#8217;t balance out into a salt. </p><p>And herein lies the rub, that it is very difficult to &#8220;make&#8221; a biological sample, one that is &#8220;out of balance&#8221; that is charged in a way due to the body bringing itself into balance by detoxing the excesses that are &#8220;measured&#8221; in PCR. </p><p>Nonetheless these papers agree that the Ionic components do cause a considerable effect on the Bradford Wool Dye test. so there you have it&#8230; </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!OnOP!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7cd5700b-53d6-4fd9-8b7f-66458f8db3f5_1675x438.png" 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https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gtXf!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03ffb7d9-ebaf-4c16-b3e0-e6f9d55ffad1_769x649.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gtXf!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03ffb7d9-ebaf-4c16-b3e0-e6f9d55ffad1_769x649.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gtXf!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03ffb7d9-ebaf-4c16-b3e0-e6f9d55ffad1_769x649.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gtXf!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03ffb7d9-ebaf-4c16-b3e0-e6f9d55ffad1_769x649.png" width="769" height="649" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gtXf!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03ffb7d9-ebaf-4c16-b3e0-e6f9d55ffad1_769x649.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gtXf!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03ffb7d9-ebaf-4c16-b3e0-e6f9d55ffad1_769x649.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gtXf!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03ffb7d9-ebaf-4c16-b3e0-e6f9d55ffad1_769x649.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gtXf!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03ffb7d9-ebaf-4c16-b3e0-e6f9d55ffad1_769x649.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><h1>Labelling the &#8220;Spike&#8221;</h1><p>One of the few criticisms (that were possible) raised against the Microscopy work where we falsified the morphology of 27 different &#8220;pandemic and epidemic causing viruses&#8221; was that there was no Immunological staining done on the samples. The idea already presupposes that, as we have found out there are particles that share identical morphology and visual appearance to 27 types of &#8220;virus&#8221; so may only be separated by extraneous chemical assays or staining. This admission really is confirmation that &#8220;viruses&#8221; do not exist, as anyone using this line of reasoning has actively thrown out the only direct evidence available in favor of indirect inferences. It is the equivalent of admitting that the CCTV evidence of a murder occurring isn&#8217;t evidence and instead choosing to imprison somebody based on the Imprint of a size 9 Nike Trainer footprint.</p><p>These inferences when &#8220;genetic&#8221; are completely extraneous to the sample in Microscopy, but at least Immunolabelling takes place in the visual realm. It is entirely impractical and very expensive to have done 27 different samples with 27 different stains and also poses the issue of not being able to blind an independent CRO to the aims of the experiment, which is pretty crucial in achieving unbiased work and maybe even getting the work done in the first place.     </p><p>Nevertheless if the opportunity had arisen to do this on the control samples, just for the &#8220;spiky bits&#8221; of &#8220;Sars Cov 2&#8221; of course I would have wanted to have a look. This is largely because I have seen what a cacophony of shit the published/peer reviewed papers look like:    </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8473209/" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yJ1d!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fed0ed07c-100c-4734-b70f-27b5cefd9906_1144x396.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yJ1d!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fed0ed07c-100c-4734-b70f-27b5cefd9906_1144x396.png 848w, 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https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IFsA!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fad7cc065-e574-466f-b8c9-9018181722e4_1066x671.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IFsA!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fad7cc065-e574-466f-b8c9-9018181722e4_1066x671.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IFsA!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fad7cc065-e574-466f-b8c9-9018181722e4_1066x671.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IFsA!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fad7cc065-e574-466f-b8c9-9018181722e4_1066x671.png" width="1066" height="671" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IFsA!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fad7cc065-e574-466f-b8c9-9018181722e4_1066x671.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IFsA!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fad7cc065-e574-466f-b8c9-9018181722e4_1066x671.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IFsA!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fad7cc065-e574-466f-b8c9-9018181722e4_1066x671.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IFsA!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fad7cc065-e574-466f-b8c9-9018181722e4_1066x671.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Above represents a couple of papers, most of the images coming from one entitled &#8220;Just seeing is not enough for believing&#8221; where once again they hold their hands up to morphologically identical particles existing in uninfected cultures and their reliance on these extraneous inferences. The problem is, as with even a cursory glance at the images, this supposedly &#8220;Specific&#8221; stain that is going to bind only to the &#8220;Spiky Proteins&#8221; of &#8220;Sars Cov 2&#8221; to differentiate them from cellular debris is well&#8230; the opposite of &#8220;Specific&#8221; it is indeed completely fucking random. </p><p>As highlighted in the red circles I have drawn the Gold Sputtered stain that was supposed &#8220;glued&#8221; to the back of an &#8220;Antibody&#8221; that is claimed to ONLY attach itself chemically to &#8220;Sars Cov 2 &#8220; proteins. These black dots appear all over the sample near things that can&#8217;t possibly be a &#8220;Sars Cov 2&#8221; virion, floating in dead space in vacuoles and littered amongst cellular debris and quite astoundingly NOT on some of the particles with Arrows pointed at them claiming they are the &#8220;Sars Cov 2&#8221; particles. </p><blockquote><h2>Q: in those pictures the gold particles appear in lots of places not just specific to claimed sars cov 2</h2><p>Exactly &#8212; and that&#8217;s an important subtlety in <strong>immunogold TEM</strong>: the gold particles <strong>don&#8217;t always bind perfectly specifically</strong>.</p><p>Here&#8217;s why you see them &#8220;everywhere&#8221; sometimes:</p><h3>1. <strong>Background / non-specific binding</strong></h3><ul><li><p>Even well-blocked grids can have some <strong>gold particles sticking randomly</strong>.</p></li><li><p>Proteins, membranes, or grid surface sites can attract gold-labeled antibodies non-specifically.</p></li></ul><h3>2. <strong>Antibody cross-reactivity</strong></h3><ul><li><p>The primary antibody might bind <strong>other similar proteins</strong>, not just spike.</p></li><li><p>Or the secondary antibody can occasionally stick to other Fc regions.</p></li></ul><h3>3. <strong>Clustered vs diffuse labeling</strong></h3><ul><li><p>Gold is easiest to interpret when you see <strong>clusters localized to known viral structures</strong> (like the surface of virions).</p></li><li><p>Single scattered particles are harder to assign as &#8220;true spike labeling.&#8221;</p></li></ul><h3>4. <strong>Signal-to-noise issue</strong></h3><ul><li><p>Immunogold TEM <strong>inherently has some noise</strong> because it relies on <strong>individual antibody-gold events</strong>.</p></li><li><p>That&#8217;s why publications often show multiple virions or <strong>statistical analyses</strong> to prove the gold labeling is genuinely spike-specific.</p></li></ul><p>&#9989; Key takeaway:<br>Immunogold TEM can <strong>highlight spike protein</strong>, but seeing some gold in &#8220;unexpected&#8221; areas is normal. That&#8217;s why researchers usually <strong>quantify localization</strong> and don&#8217;t rely on a single particle as proof.</p></blockquote><p></p><p>Above, I pointed this out to Chat GPT by attaching those images and saying that the labels were completely random. To which it agreed and casually said &#8220;Oh there is non specific binding too&#8221; !!! SHM. I mean here is absolute proof that the virologists and Mainstream were just lying when they said we needed to differentiate the cellular debris from claimed &#8220;Viruses&#8221; because only this type of staining would reveal the truth. They can&#8217;t even demonstrate this in their own studies. To add to this, of course there aren&#8217;t any uninfected controls of the same cell line to prove any of their claims, but really they are not needed, anyone with half a brain can see this type of staining verification is completely fucking useless and it astounds me that the mainstream virologists can&#8217;t see that it is actually detrimental to their case being so unspecific in their own papers. But then, stupidity knows no bounds. </p><p></p><h1>Antibodies and the dangerous SPIKE!!!</h1><p>  To make the &#8220;Antibodies&#8221; (A whole other article in the pipeline) to &#8220;glue&#8221; the gold onto for the very NON specific staining, they of course need to perform a nice bit of animal torture. They inject what they believe to be &#8220;Proteins&#8221; into a defenseless animal, wait for a bit until they consider this injection has done its magic and the animal has mounted an &#8220;Immune Response&#8221;, then they do a large blood draw on the animal and declare they have &#8220;Antibodies&#8221;. </p><p>Now I want to caveat this with a huge warning, I am in no way advocating that injecting a random chemical soup made of strong acids, solvents and blood is NOT harmful, indeed injecting ANYTHING is bad for you and should never be done. However, the entire premise of making Antibodies comes with the idea that they keep the animals well and alive and certainly strong enough to mount what they consider to be an &#8220;Immune Response&#8221; which is in their minds a mark that the animal is appropriately &#8220;defending&#8221; itself, something that cannot be done in very sick animals. </p><p>When reviewing the literature on these things, certainly when it comes to the smaller animals, these sick bastards obviously kill the animals after they are done torturing them, but in many many studies they keep these animals alive and some even release them. They ALL, in every case note that there are no &#8220;harms&#8221; bought to the animals. This should clearly come with a large pinch of salt that we know how these sickos operate and it is well within their remit to just lie. But in general the entire premise IS to keep the animals alive. </p><p>Therefore when you have the usual Con-Op household names selling their quack &#8220;Spike Detoxes&#8221; and the numpties running around about &#8220;Vax Shedding&#8221; they are clearly and provably by their own mainstream science they hide behind are talking verifiable bollocks. There is certainly no biological entity to speak of, it literally does not exist. For sure the chemicals in the Vax are gonna fuck you up, the solution is just not to inject a bunch of unknown shit into your body for a non existent thing. Cheers! </p><blockquote><h2>&#129516; <strong>1. Are animals injected with spike protein?</strong></h2><p>Yes &#8212; in traditional antibody production, an <strong>antigen</strong> (like recombinant spike protein or a portion of it) is injected into an animal to trigger an immune response. The animal&#8217;s immune system then <strong>produces antibodies that recognize that protein</strong>.</p><ul><li><p>The antigen can be full&#8209;length spike, a subunit (e.g., S1 or RBD), or a synthesized peptide.</p></li><li><p>Sometimes the antigen is <em>conjugated</em> to a larger carrier protein to make it more immunogenic.</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h2>&#128001; <strong>2. What happens to the animals? Do they get sick or die?</strong></h2><ul><li><p>The process is designed to <strong>not infect the animal</strong> with SARS&#8209;CoV&#8209;2. They are injected with <strong>pure protein antigen</strong>, <em>not live virus</em>. This protein alone does <strong>not cause infection</strong>.</p></li><li><p>Whether the animal becomes ill depends on how well tolerated the antigen and adjuvant are. Usually, animals <strong>don&#8217;t get sick from the antigen itself</strong>.</p></li><li><p>After repeated injections over weeks, blood is drawn to collect serum. Some labs may <strong>euthanize</strong> the animal at the end to collect its spleen for monoclonal antibody production. This is a regulatory and ethical issue &#8212; in many countries it must be done humanely and justified scientifically</p></li></ul></blockquote><p></p><blockquote><h2>Q: I was looking for a paper that injected the spike protein for the purpose of making antibodies</h2><p>Yes &#8212; <strong>here&#8217;s a real peer&#8209;reviewed paper that fits what you&#8217;re looking for</strong>: animals were immunised <em>with SARS&#8209;CoV&#8209;2 spike protein (or spike domains) to produce antibodies</em>, and the study clearly reports antibody production without harmful effects noted in the animals.</p><h3>&#128048; Example: Spike protein immunisation in rabbits</h3><p><strong>Paper:</strong> <em>Antibody signature induced by SARS&#8209;CoV&#8209;2 spike protein immunogens in rabbits</em></p><ul><li><p>In this study, researchers <strong>injected rabbits with purified SARS&#8209;CoV&#8209;2 spike protein antigens</strong> (various domains like full&#8209;length S1+S2, RBD, etc.) to evaluate antibody responses.</p></li><li><p>The <strong>goal was to characterise the antibody response</strong>, not to infect the animals with live virus.</p></li><li><p>Rabbits developed <strong>strong antibody titres against the spike protein</strong> after immunisation, which were analysed for binding and neutralisation properties.</p></li><li><p>Importantly, the paper <strong>does not report adverse health outcomes or harm</strong> in the rabbits; immunisation protocols in such studies typically include monitoring for clinical signs, and lack of reported harm implies the animals remained healthy throughout the protocol.</p></li></ul><blockquote><p><strong>Title:</strong> <em>Antibody signature induced by SARS&#8209;CoV&#8209;2 spike protein immunogens in rabbits</em> (Ravichandran et al., Sci Transl Med)<br>&#8212; Researchers immunised rabbits with spike protein antigens to study antibody responses.</p></blockquote><h3>&#128045; Another example: Spike protein immunisation in mice</h3><p><strong>Paper:</strong> <em>Immunogenicity of SARS&#8209;CoV&#8209;2 trimeric spike protein vaccine in mice</em></p><ul><li><p>Mice were immunised multiple times with recombinant SARS&#8209;CoV&#8209;2 spike protein plus adjuvants.</p></li><li><p>The study measured <strong>high levels of serum IgG and neutralising antibodies</strong>, demonstrating a strong humoral immune response.</p></li><li><p>There are <strong>no reports of serious adverse effects</strong> in the mice beyond normal, expected reactions to vaccination.</p></li></ul><h3>&#128007; Context &#8212; What these studies generally report</h3><p>Immunisation studies of this type typically note things like:</p><ul><li><p>body weight, behaviour, and injection&#8209;site checks</p></li><li><p>immune responses (antibodies, neutralisation)</p></li><li><p>no significant clinical illness or loss in animals</p></li></ul><p>When no harmful effects are observed, authors do <strong>not report disease or mortality</strong>, which in scientific animal studies is taken as explicit evidence that the immunisation was <strong>well&#8209;tolerated</strong> under the conditions tested.</p></blockquote><p></p><h1><strong>PROTEOMICS IS ACID</strong></h1><p>In one of these GOF&#8217;ed &#8220;Virus&#8221; papers that was analyzed in a previous article there is yet another massive howler, relating to proteins. In this paper it explicitly says that the indications of this supposed Protein were non existent when put in the completely pH neutral environment of Phosphate Buffered Saline. However as soon as the environment was Acidified all of a sudden these supposed signs of proteins started to show.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/nature10831" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EDp5!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff7b10bf5-1a5b-4813-ad03-127b6f685f8b_993x195.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EDp5!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff7b10bf5-1a5b-4813-ad03-127b6f685f8b_993x195.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EDp5!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff7b10bf5-1a5b-4813-ad03-127b6f685f8b_993x195.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EDp5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff7b10bf5-1a5b-4813-ad03-127b6f685f8b_993x195.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EDp5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff7b10bf5-1a5b-4813-ad03-127b6f685f8b_993x195.png" width="993" height="195" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f7b10bf5-1a5b-4813-ad03-127b6f685f8b_993x195.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:195,&quot;width&quot;:993,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:20129,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https://www.nature.com/articles/nature10831&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/164171842?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff7b10bf5-1a5b-4813-ad03-127b6f685f8b_993x195.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EDp5!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff7b10bf5-1a5b-4813-ad03-127b6f685f8b_993x195.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EDp5!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff7b10bf5-1a5b-4813-ad03-127b6f685f8b_993x195.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EDp5!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff7b10bf5-1a5b-4813-ad03-127b6f685f8b_993x195.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EDp5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff7b10bf5-1a5b-4813-ad03-127b6f685f8b_993x195.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Just to fully clarify what is going on here. Acidity is a measurement of POSITIVELY charged Hydrogen Ions. Without wishing to go down another rabbit hole (Which I will do in the future(when I have 5 fucking spare minutes)) into the realms of elemental chemistry; again this is JUST a measurement of Charge. So what they are doing here is very obvious to see when you realise WHAT they are testing for at its fundamental level. They are measuring for CHARGE with either Electrophoresis Banding OR with Chemically charged and Polar Dyes and Stains.</p><p>When they put the sample in CHARGED acidic environments, the measurements of CHARGE all of a sudden register. Hopefully you see how fucking stupid this is and can somewhat demystify another complex area of bafflement used in &#8220;Bio&#8221;Chemical assays.</p><p>To note, there is quite a specific window where the pH is just right to get the desired effects. This further shows that there is a customizable calibration for these assays, just like PCR, where it will only amplify where these certain conditions are met, obviously combined with the computer thresholds on the input.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/nature10831" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rZbE!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F93e8fdda-59f9-416d-ab42-cbacd37e6e2c_966x737.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rZbE!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F93e8fdda-59f9-416d-ab42-cbacd37e6e2c_966x737.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rZbE!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F93e8fdda-59f9-416d-ab42-cbacd37e6e2c_966x737.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rZbE!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F93e8fdda-59f9-416d-ab42-cbacd37e6e2c_966x737.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rZbE!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F93e8fdda-59f9-416d-ab42-cbacd37e6e2c_966x737.png" width="966" height="737" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rZbE!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F93e8fdda-59f9-416d-ab42-cbacd37e6e2c_966x737.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rZbE!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F93e8fdda-59f9-416d-ab42-cbacd37e6e2c_966x737.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rZbE!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F93e8fdda-59f9-416d-ab42-cbacd37e6e2c_966x737.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rZbE!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F93e8fdda-59f9-416d-ab42-cbacd37e6e2c_966x737.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/nature10831" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eipR!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa72dc03-972e-4058-898e-3ea28310ed2c_885x795.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eipR!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa72dc03-972e-4058-898e-3ea28310ed2c_885x795.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eipR!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa72dc03-972e-4058-898e-3ea28310ed2c_885x795.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eipR!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa72dc03-972e-4058-898e-3ea28310ed2c_885x795.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eipR!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa72dc03-972e-4058-898e-3ea28310ed2c_885x795.png" width="885" height="795" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eipR!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa72dc03-972e-4058-898e-3ea28310ed2c_885x795.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eipR!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa72dc03-972e-4058-898e-3ea28310ed2c_885x795.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eipR!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa72dc03-972e-4058-898e-3ea28310ed2c_885x795.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eipR!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa72dc03-972e-4058-898e-3ea28310ed2c_885x795.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h1>GEL ELECTROPHORESIS</h1><p>It has been almost flogged to death the amount of times I have mentioned Gel Electrophoresis, but it really is a very good visual aid for those visual learners. What could be an easier way to understand the stupid fraud behind really the entirety of &#8220;Bio&#8221;Chemistry than seeing the absolute Pony equipment used to measure them. It is  a jelly in a plastic dish with a couple of car battery terminals stuck at each end, you put a sample and a dye in and see where the smears stop and declare &#8220;SCIENCE HAS OCCURED&#8221;&#8230;. SHM. </p><p>There is literally no better and more visceral way to fully understand that ALL they are measuring is the charge of a sample. In fact it would be INCREDIBLY hard to conclude anything other than that, why it would take a couple of hundred years of brainwashing, an industry worth some Trillions of Dollars and an entire education system operating an aggressive religious style cult to convince people there was more to it than that. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iIKU!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbd4a16a1-e9ac-453f-a424-4d73bfad9558_1201x640.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iIKU!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbd4a16a1-e9ac-453f-a424-4d73bfad9558_1201x640.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iIKU!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbd4a16a1-e9ac-453f-a424-4d73bfad9558_1201x640.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iIKU!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbd4a16a1-e9ac-453f-a424-4d73bfad9558_1201x640.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iIKU!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbd4a16a1-e9ac-453f-a424-4d73bfad9558_1201x640.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iIKU!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbd4a16a1-e9ac-453f-a424-4d73bfad9558_1201x640.png" width="1201" height="640" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iIKU!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbd4a16a1-e9ac-453f-a424-4d73bfad9558_1201x640.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iIKU!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbd4a16a1-e9ac-453f-a424-4d73bfad9558_1201x640.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iIKU!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbd4a16a1-e9ac-453f-a424-4d73bfad9558_1201x640.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iIKU!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbd4a16a1-e9ac-453f-a424-4d73bfad9558_1201x640.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div 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https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HeP_!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff714faf4-2068-45f6-90ef-1b5af23715e5_500x639.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HeP_!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff714faf4-2068-45f6-90ef-1b5af23715e5_500x639.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HeP_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff714faf4-2068-45f6-90ef-1b5af23715e5_500x639.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HeP_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff714faf4-2068-45f6-90ef-1b5af23715e5_500x639.jpeg" width="500" height="639" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HeP_!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff714faf4-2068-45f6-90ef-1b5af23715e5_500x639.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HeP_!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff714faf4-2068-45f6-90ef-1b5af23715e5_500x639.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HeP_!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff714faf4-2068-45f6-90ef-1b5af23715e5_500x639.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HeP_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff714faf4-2068-45f6-90ef-1b5af23715e5_500x639.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><h2>Who was doing electrophoresis before gels?</h2><p>The big name is:</p><h3>&#9989; <strong>Arne Tiselius (1930s)</strong></h3><p>He invented <strong>moving-boundary electrophoresis</strong>, which let scientists separate proteins in solution (no gel).</p><p>This was the first <em>really powerful</em> electrophoresis method used in biochemistry.</p><p>Tiselius used it to separate serum proteins and show clear fractions like:</p><ul><li><p>albumin</p></li><li><p>globulins</p></li></ul><p>He won the <strong>Nobel Prize (1948)</strong> partly for this work.</p><h2>Q: Walk me through Arne Tiselius discovery</h2><p>Absolutely &#8212; Arne Tiselius&#8217; work is fascinating because he basically <strong>invented the first practical electrophoresis system</strong> for proteins, long before gels existed. Let&#8217;s go step by step.</p><div><hr></div><h2>1) The context: the 1930s</h2><ul><li><p><strong><a href="http://link">Biochemists could separate small ions easily</a></strong>, but <strong>proteins were a mess</strong>.</p></li><li><p>Proteins are <strong>large, heterogeneous, and charged</strong>, so they move in electric fields, but in solution they diffuse quickly and are hard to detect.</p></li><li><p>People knew electrophoresis existed as a concept (Reuss, 1807), but no one had used it systematically on macromolecules.</p></li></ul><p>Tiselius wanted a way to <strong>quantitatively separate and measure proteins</strong> in serum.</p></blockquote><p>So I have put in blue the absolute zinger in the &#8220;Invention&#8221; of Gel Electrophoresis. They literally admit that the entire premise was based on the fact that they could &#8220;Seperate Ions Easily&#8221;, OK&#8230;. so that is what it is for. They know this and the &#8220;Invention&#8221; was for the repurposing of this to be used as a giant distraction for a bunch of made up chemicals. And well would you look at that&#8230; the giant repurposing distraction got the highest accolade in duty to the State&#8230; the Nobel Prize. If you haven&#8217;t figured it out yet&#8230; yes EVERYONE awarded this title is a fraud that was incredibly useful in painting a made up story to cement a piece of political science for the future generations, and we just saw this hand over in full HD.  </p><div><hr></div><div><hr></div><p>As you can see from the table below, showing all of the &#8220;Bio&#8221;Chemicals that are measured using Gel Electrophoresis, it is practically all of them, below this table is a list of the ONLY &#8220;Bio&#8221;chemicals not officially measured, usually not because they intrinsically can&#8217;t but more because they would be deemed inaccurate because they are claimed &#8220;too small&#8221;. This list of &#8220;can-nots&#8221; is really just glucose, vitamins (don&#8217;t exist), some hormones (don&#8217;t exist) and fats. So Sugars and Fats which demonstrably exist by their physical properties on the macroscale so need not to be &#8220;Gelly Zapped&#8221;. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PRLu!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F92f66c8c-a6e9-4f73-92e4-68dd08e42612_793x547.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PRLu!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F92f66c8c-a6e9-4f73-92e4-68dd08e42612_793x547.png 424w, 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https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tEFP!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb45bb52a-c5c4-46fe-aa7f-ceaaecc7305e_804x730.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tEFP!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb45bb52a-c5c4-46fe-aa7f-ceaaecc7305e_804x730.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tEFP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb45bb52a-c5c4-46fe-aa7f-ceaaecc7305e_804x730.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tEFP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb45bb52a-c5c4-46fe-aa7f-ceaaecc7305e_804x730.png" width="804" height="730" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tEFP!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb45bb52a-c5c4-46fe-aa7f-ceaaecc7305e_804x730.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tEFP!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb45bb52a-c5c4-46fe-aa7f-ceaaecc7305e_804x730.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tEFP!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb45bb52a-c5c4-46fe-aa7f-ceaaecc7305e_804x730.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tEFP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb45bb52a-c5c4-46fe-aa7f-ceaaecc7305e_804x730.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2>Biochemicals that generally <strong>cannot</strong> be measured well by gel electrophoresis</h2><h3>1) <strong>Small molecules (most metabolites)</strong></h3><p>Things like:</p><ul><li><p>glucose</p></li><li><p>ATP</p></li><li><p>vitamins</p></li></ul><p>They&#8217;re usually <strong>too small</strong> and don&#8217;t stain well.</p><div><hr></div><h3>2) <strong>Steroid hormones</strong></h3><p>Like:</p><ul><li><p>testosterone</p></li><li><p>progesterone</p></li></ul><p>They&#8217;re <strong>small, mostly nonpolar</strong>, and don&#8217;t behave like proteins/DNA in gels.</p><div><hr></div><h3>3) <strong>Lipids</strong></h3><p>Like:</p><ul><li><p>triglycerides</p></li><li><p>cholesterol</p></li><li><p>phospholipids</p></li><li><p>fatty acids</p></li></ul><p>They&#8217;re <strong>hydrophobic</strong> and don&#8217;t migrate in normal gels properly.</p><div><hr></div><div><hr></div><p>As above with the interference of Ions in Bradford&#8217;s Wool Dye assay, there is obvious interference from anything charged such as salt dissociation in Gel Electrophoresis. Coincidentally, Gel Electrophoresis ALSO uses the dodgy Wool Dye in the first stage to stain the &#8220;Proteenz&#8221; in the first place. So we have compound interest on this thing of it only testing charge to stain, then only testing charge in the gel. I would call it a house of cards, but it is literally only 1 card standing on its end, they are looking at whether it is the back or the front of the card and the rest is just all made up.  </p><blockquote><h2>Q is coomasie Blue used as a dye in western blotting?</h2><p>Yes &#8212; <strong>Coomassie Brilliant Blue is used in western blotting</strong>, but <strong>not as the main detection dye</strong>.</p><h3>What it&#8217;s used for in western blots</h3><ul><li><p><strong>To stain the gel</strong> (before transfer) to check you actually loaded protein</p></li><li><p><strong>To stain the membrane</strong> (after transfer) as a <strong>total protein stain</strong> / loading control</p></li></ul></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RHlz!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffe3d2d34-277a-4f67-8d07-7fddae8adb18_1069x484.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RHlz!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffe3d2d34-277a-4f67-8d07-7fddae8adb18_1069x484.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RHlz!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffe3d2d34-277a-4f67-8d07-7fddae8adb18_1069x484.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RHlz!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffe3d2d34-277a-4f67-8d07-7fddae8adb18_1069x484.png 1272w, 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stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nHf1!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff1c1b6c3-abd8-4cc5-946a-f94b3ce95f00_1021x642.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nHf1!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff1c1b6c3-abd8-4cc5-946a-f94b3ce95f00_1021x642.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nHf1!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff1c1b6c3-abd8-4cc5-946a-f94b3ce95f00_1021x642.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nHf1!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff1c1b6c3-abd8-4cc5-946a-f94b3ce95f00_1021x642.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nHf1!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff1c1b6c3-abd8-4cc5-946a-f94b3ce95f00_1021x642.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nHf1!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff1c1b6c3-abd8-4cc5-946a-f94b3ce95f00_1021x642.png" width="1021" height="642" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f1c1b6c3-abd8-4cc5-946a-f94b3ce95f00_1021x642.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:642,&quot;width&quot;:1021,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:291544,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/187569762?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff1c1b6c3-abd8-4cc5-946a-f94b3ce95f00_1021x642.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nHf1!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff1c1b6c3-abd8-4cc5-946a-f94b3ce95f00_1021x642.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nHf1!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff1c1b6c3-abd8-4cc5-946a-f94b3ce95f00_1021x642.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nHf1!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff1c1b6c3-abd8-4cc5-946a-f94b3ce95f00_1021x642.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nHf1!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff1c1b6c3-abd8-4cc5-946a-f94b3ce95f00_1021x642.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h1><strong>CONCLUSION</strong></h1><p>We had all sorts of weird and wonderful information cropping up that puts a <em>Steak</em> in the heart of the &#8220;Proteen&#8221; narrative. From the extreme oddities of our Androgynous, Anonymous Marion Bradford, who stumbled across the luckiest discovery known to man when he/she was walking between her/his wool dying shop and laboratory and happened to be carrying an open cup of Coomasie Blue textile dye and WHOOPS! tripped and fell and it landed on something he/she knew that had some but not all protein and miraculously it only died the things he/she knew was protein (before the dye was know about for this purpose). </p><p>With such luck and such an important role in history for being the person who made the assay that worldwide would confirm the presence of every protein known to Mankind, they died a mooted death just 4 years ago, having never repeat NEVER having a single photo taken of them, nor any sort of descriptive information confirmed about them to the point where nobody knows whether they were a bloke or a woman. </p><p>We have seen right across the board from the wool dye to the Electrophoresis that this is just a measure of charge with a smorgasbord of environmental tweakable variables that alter the lab value, the ONLY thing that brings our Sharpie Labelled mystery liquid into existence. No, this is all a ruse, the same with EVERY &#8220;Bio&#8221;chemical a fraud to try and package &#8220;Natural&#8221; stuff and sell it with endless avenues of marketing: Protein Waffle anyone? I&#8217;m sorry but if you can&#8217;t see that no, this Belgian Confectionary does not have 33% added &#8220;essence of steak&#8221; sprinkled onto, I don&#8217;t know what to tell you.   </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JSzJ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd7ee906c-3f6b-4f0a-9de2-86e1e0906603_500x500.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JSzJ!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd7ee906c-3f6b-4f0a-9de2-86e1e0906603_500x500.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JSzJ!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd7ee906c-3f6b-4f0a-9de2-86e1e0906603_500x500.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JSzJ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd7ee906c-3f6b-4f0a-9de2-86e1e0906603_500x500.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JSzJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd7ee906c-3f6b-4f0a-9de2-86e1e0906603_500x500.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JSzJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd7ee906c-3f6b-4f0a-9de2-86e1e0906603_500x500.webp" width="500" height="500" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d7ee906c-3f6b-4f0a-9de2-86e1e0906603_500x500.webp&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:500,&quot;width&quot;:500,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:17034,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/webp&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/187569762?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd7ee906c-3f6b-4f0a-9de2-86e1e0906603_500x500.webp&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JSzJ!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd7ee906c-3f6b-4f0a-9de2-86e1e0906603_500x500.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JSzJ!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd7ee906c-3f6b-4f0a-9de2-86e1e0906603_500x500.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JSzJ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd7ee906c-3f6b-4f0a-9de2-86e1e0906603_500x500.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JSzJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd7ee906c-3f6b-4f0a-9de2-86e1e0906603_500x500.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>I will approach the &#8220;rough&#8221; end of the fraud of &#8220;Bio&#8221;Chemistry at a later date in an article I have lined up called the &#8220;Bio&#8221;Chemical challenge. This sets out the challenge that if you truly believe in all of these &#8220;Bio&#8221;Chemicals that are the exact refined nutritious sources of the natural world we live in then you don&#8217;t need food, you can just live off this shit for ever. This is the visceral control experiment for determining this as has, been somewhat attempted by a fair few (With disastrous results), so stay tuned for that.</p><p>We also saw the &#8220;get out clause&#8221; proffered by the opposition, a cry for IMMUNOSTAINING! Well&#8230; what a laugh that was, the greatest self own of non specificity I have seen, possibly in science, it is no wonder there aren&#8217;t too many papers out there doing it and offering it as any sort of evidence. Of course under the slightest of pressure the mainstream narrative encyclopedia of AI turned over its cards and admitted its claimed specificity was a massive fucking lie, so we notched that win into the woodwork.</p><p>Finally we zoomed in on the baton-hand-over of the &#8220;Bio&#8221;Chemical fraud, Arne (Hatsa La Vista) Tiselius was given his decorations, his Maltese Cross for services to Scientific Psy-Opery when he created the largest smoke screen repurposing of an instrument working perfectly well for moving Ions from one place t&#8217;other and turned it into a Money-Printing-Belgian-Waffle-sprinkling-Wool-Dye tool for the state to write blank checks on medicine, drugs, confectionaries, vaccines and scamdemics based on a bunch of smears in an electrified jelly. </p><p>So no, Da Big Bad Spikey bit ain&#8217;t up to much, there is no such thing ,obviously, the Mainstream told you this but you just refused to listen. They want to keep these animals alive so that they can drain the poor sods of literally liquid money, because the global Antibody production market is worth $15-17 BILLION (Yes with a B), if they can keep these animals alive and keep harvesting them for their precious liquid, they certainly ain&#8217;t killing them on purpose with the &#8220;Proteenz&#8221; they are injecting in them. So the Spike Protein Story is obvious full frontal codswallop. </p><p>So onto the next one in the &#8220;Bio&#8221;chemical circus, maybe specifically antibodies or potentially hormones, whatever takes my fancy, but I&#8217;d wager heavy money it all being roughly the same hoax. Once you see the pattern, the lazy, fat, greying council worker at the Bureau of Scripting Establishment Science never really deviated too far from the same way of cheating observable reality, so we will continue to lift that veil.</p><p>Peace./ </p><p></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="http://buymeacoffee.com/controlstudies" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LMXb!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ffeea31-d3e9-4a99-b773-1f8a158ce34a_535x265.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LMXb!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ffeea31-d3e9-4a99-b773-1f8a158ce34a_535x265.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LMXb!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ffeea31-d3e9-4a99-b773-1f8a158ce34a_535x265.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LMXb!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ffeea31-d3e9-4a99-b773-1f8a158ce34a_535x265.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LMXb!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ffeea31-d3e9-4a99-b773-1f8a158ce34a_535x265.png" width="535" height="265" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1ffeea31-d3e9-4a99-b773-1f8a158ce34a_535x265.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:265,&quot;width&quot;:535,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:39775,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;http://buymeacoffee.com/controlstudies&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/187569762?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ffeea31-d3e9-4a99-b773-1f8a158ce34a_535x265.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LMXb!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ffeea31-d3e9-4a99-b773-1f8a158ce34a_535x265.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LMXb!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ffeea31-d3e9-4a99-b773-1f8a158ce34a_535x265.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LMXb!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ffeea31-d3e9-4a99-b773-1f8a158ce34a_535x265.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LMXb!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ffeea31-d3e9-4a99-b773-1f8a158ce34a_535x265.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>This article is available as an Ebook on Shadow Banned Library</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://shadowbannedlibrary.com/collections/browse-by-author-jamie-andrews" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zWJY!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc228b5d0-3427-452e-8d21-2bd9e078f66d_1851x1036.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zWJY!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc228b5d0-3427-452e-8d21-2bd9e078f66d_1851x1036.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zWJY!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc228b5d0-3427-452e-8d21-2bd9e078f66d_1851x1036.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zWJY!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc228b5d0-3427-452e-8d21-2bd9e078f66d_1851x1036.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zWJY!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc228b5d0-3427-452e-8d21-2bd9e078f66d_1851x1036.png" width="1456" height="815" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c228b5d0-3427-452e-8d21-2bd9e078f66d_1851x1036.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:815,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:1113120,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https://shadowbannedlibrary.com/collections/browse-by-author-jamie-andrews&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/187569762?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc228b5d0-3427-452e-8d21-2bd9e078f66d_1851x1036.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zWJY!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc228b5d0-3427-452e-8d21-2bd9e078f66d_1851x1036.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zWJY!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc228b5d0-3427-452e-8d21-2bd9e078f66d_1851x1036.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zWJY!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc228b5d0-3427-452e-8d21-2bd9e078f66d_1851x1036.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zWJY!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc228b5d0-3427-452e-8d21-2bd9e078f66d_1851x1036.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[To AI or not to AI, that is the question?]]></title><description><![CDATA[Should you really trust a computer to think for you?]]></description><link>https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/to-ai-or-not-to-ai-that-is-the-question</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/to-ai-or-not-to-ai-that-is-the-question</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Jamie Andrews]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Tue, 10 Feb 2026 14:48:16 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/431747ad-0dc3-485b-93a1-85ca6f72eb1f_832x1248.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Annual Subscription is being kept at the incredibly low price of just $30. I sell no bullshit supplements, no crappy merchandise, no whacko gadgets, I have no sponsors, no advertising and everything is possible to read for free. However to help in running the experiments and to cover the huge costs that are mounting from travel and expenses to operate the project, please consider donating to the largest Crowdsourced and Opensourced experiments falsifying Virology. Thank you.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp" width="337" height="502" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:502,&quot;width&quot;:337,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:12798,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/webp&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/182726447?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The Virology Controls Studies Project is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p>This article has been requested by quite a few subscribers over the recent months so I thought I would indulge them, least of which is because it is easy just to write an opinion piece, very little <em>research</em> is needed, which is the most time consuming part of running the Virology Control Studies Project. I do hope, as ever, my opinions on this subject are useful as I think compartmentalizing what AI is and what it is not will certainly be make or break in future generations to come.</p><h2>My Work</h2><p>I could sense people&#8217;s fear in direct relation to my AI &#8220;usage&#8221; when I released an AI generated Audit of my Microscopy work. It was the lowest read, least engaged article I have ever put out. I found it quite odd, vaguely understandable, but odd nonetheless. In the Audit, if you haven&#8217;t read it, the AI used (Chat GPT (which phonetically means &#8220;Pussy, I farted&#8221; in French - Little bit of AI related Trivia for you) ) confirmed the findings that the morphology of Cellular debris found in the uninfected cultures was physically identical to claimed &#8220;viruses&#8221;.</p><p>First off let me clarify why I think this is incredibly important and why in this instance I think you <em>should</em> trust the output of AI: As of yet since the first control experiments were put out nearly 2 years ago, not a single virologist has provided a rebuttal or even a critique of the work. The few times people have submitted the paper to Journals it has been desk rejected purely based on political beliefs and not on a single area of the experimental results or method presented. If it were the case there were any serious methodological or logical flaws in it, we may safely assume that SOMEONE would have pointed these out to shut us up. Of course I would listen and revaluate my position in this case, that has not happened however, so must assume they cannot. </p><p>So given no human would even attempt to critique our findings, the only obvious answer if we wanted a critique from the Mainstream was to get AI to do it. This may sound like the lesser of evils, but actually I think this is a much better option. You see AI is both more and less intelligent than humans, whilst it can recall any piece of mainstream knowledge found on the internet ever, it hasn&#8217;t got the ability to knowingly lie (Yet). With humans they can be disingenuous, ignorant, distracting and selectively biased, this on the whole is not the case with AI.</p><p>The advantages of AI is that it is the most experience data recaller of every single published, peer reviewed scientific journal ever published. When you ask it objective questions, as we did for the Audit, based on exact specifics of morphology of cellular artefacts there is no way for it to &#8220;Desk Reject&#8221; our request based on political beliefs (as the journals did citing &#8220;viruses exist&#8221; as their excuse for not evaluating the evidence). If you pin it down to exact comparisons, it must carry out the request and it must therefore agree with our findings as it did. Simply when you force it to say &#8220;Viral&#8221; morphology is recognized in the Microscope by its size, shape, coating, nuclear shape and inclusions you have an agreed upon direct benchmark to compare. It is then forced to evaluate on these criteria; it agreed there were identical particles in the uninfected culture with the same size, shape, coating, nuclear shape and inclusions. Finito.</p><p>That is an objective falsification against and referenced to the entire history of Virological Microscopy. In my opinion a veritable Bombshell. This, unfortunately, as I did not trim, edit or force the baseless opinions of Chat GPTs appraisals was NOT its conclusion. Its conclusion despite clearly instructing it to evaluate on the physical Microscopy morphology alone, for legitimate reasons I outlined, that &#8220;genetics&#8221; or &#8220;Immunological&#8221; tests were not direct evidence and merely inferences (with which AI agrees). It completely ignored this (which I guess is lying somewhat) and gave its conclusion that &#8220;viral&#8221; morphology was not falsified as it needed to be confirmed in &#8220;genetics&#8221; or &#8220;immunological&#8221; tests.</p><p>The resetting to factory defaults when it comes to an opinion on a subject, for me is entirely expected. It is just a tool to data recall. When you instruct it to give an opinion, it must recall the data that it has at hand, it gets its data ONLY from Published Peer Reviewed literature, because this literature does not allow dissenting opinion because it is a cult, the opinion must only agree with the literature no matter how you ask it. Now, it IS possible to sit there and force AI to take into consideration ONLY the work at hand when building an opinion, if you have the coffee reserves of a Guatemalan Plantation and the patience of Robert Shoesmith (camped outside of an Apple store for Two months waiting for the Iphone 4) you CAN force AI into some begrudging agreement on its opinion&#8230;&#8230; IN YOUR SESSION. </p><p>Here is the key point, you can perform a Digital Boston Crab on AI IN YOUR SESSION with it, but the moment you ask it once again, it acts like a jilted ex, forgets how good you ever made it tremble in bed and revert back to &#8220;the nice guy&#8221;, Mr. Mainstream. This is of course a complete and utter waste of braincells. Asking for AIs opinion is like asking Jimmy Saville if he&#8217;d be a good baby sitter. Of course all of these opinions shouldn&#8217;t matter to you. I couldn&#8217;t tell you the last time I watched the news, like a whole <em>programme</em>, but I can still gather valuable information for the snippets of what they are doing/planning/trying to get away with to make own opinion on current affairs and positioning myself to best deal with 21st Century life. </p><div><hr></div><div><hr></div><p>One of many thousands of Digital Turds that troll the comments section of my Twitter delight in getting AI to share its opinions of my work, so I will leave it here for you to judge. The funny thing is, that in content it is almost identical one of the reviewers from the AntiVax publications who desk reject the paper. It takes two main points that it is clear the project is &#8220;No Virus&#8221; and that the output is not accredited either myself as a Virologist, or the work Peer Reviewed. At no point does it talk about a single piece of evidence, because it was not instructed to. </p><p></p><blockquote><h2>Q: Is The Virology Control Studies Project reputable</h2><p><strong>No, The Virology Control Studies Project is not considered reputable within mainstream scientific communities. </strong>It is a crowd-funded, open-source initiative led by Jamie Andrews (who describes himself as a project manager and scientist but lacks visible formal credentials or peer-reviewed publications in virology or related fields from available sources). The project operates primarily through a Substack publication (controlstudies.substack.com) and associated social media/X accounts. Its core claim is that virology as a field is fundamentally flawed or &#8220;junk science.&#8221; It argues that viruses do not exist as distinct biological entities, that &#8220;isolation&#8221; methods in virology are invalid (e.g., cytopathic effects in cell cultures are due to experimental conditions like fetal bovine serum rather than viruses), and that tools like PCR were used to fabricate pandemics (particularly COVID-19). They conduct or commission &#8220;control&#8221; experiments in independent labs to demonstrate that similar effects occur without adding any supposed viral material, aiming to falsify virological methods and support litigation against mandates. While the project involves contributors (claiming over 100, including some microbiologists and geneticists) and has shared video-recorded lab work, it aligns with <strong>virus denialism</strong> or &#8220;no-virus&#8221; positions&#8212;fringe views that reject the established existence of pathogenic viruses. These ideas are promoted in podcasts (e.g., UK Column News, Planet Waves FM) and platforms like PANDA Uncut or Reddit&#8217;s r/conspiracy, often alongside figures skeptical of mainstream responses to COVID-19.Mainstream virology (supported by institutions like universities, NIH, WHO, and journals such as <em>Cell</em>, <em>Nature</em>, <em>Journal of Virology</em>) overwhelmingly affirms the existence of viruses through extensive evidence: genomic sequencing, electron microscopy, Koch/Rivers postulates adaptations, animal models, vaccines, antivirals, and epidemiology. No major scientific body or peer-reviewed consensus recognizes this project as credible or its conclusions as valid. It does not appear in established scientific literature as a legitimate critique and is instead associated with misinformation or pseudoscientific challenges to virology. In short: It&#8217;s a advocacy/activist effort rooted in skepticism of virology (and often germ theory more broadly), not a respected or mainstream scientific endeavor. If you&#8217;re evaluating it for health, policy, or legal purposes, rely on established sources like peer-reviewed journals or public health agencies instead.     </p></blockquote><div><hr></div><div><hr></div><h2>Conclusion for My Work</h2><p>The use of AI in my work is no different to my original research for which I first became known; Finding and underlining Contagion Studies where buried deep in the literature the results would show they failed. This is not &#8220;Being A Part of the Mainstream&#8221;, this is using the authority of the Mainstream scientific consensus against itself.  This by the way is THE way to beat the State, the one huge chink in the armor of the State is its <strong>bureaucracy</strong>. Turn them against each other and &#8220;The rich will eat themselves&#8221; as they kinda don&#8217;t say.</p><p> You certainly can&#8217;t take the State on by sheer force, violence etc, That is their wheelhouse and where they want dissenters to operate. You can&#8217;t become a part of the system and beat them at their own game because you are just perpetuating the game. The best thing to do, is to point out logical absurdities that  are contradictory or hypocritical and watch as they attempt to further bury themselves in the absurdity of it all. </p><p>The Lockdown and all of the measures were ended because these logical absurdities became too much, people &#8220;getting Covid&#8221; after being vaccinated, masks only to be worn when standing up in pubs, only able to leave your house if it was deemed &#8220;exercise&#8221;. This lead to the deciding factor of &#8220;consensus&#8221; Dave in the pub, the common man laughing at those in power, that&#8217;s dangerous, that&#8217;s not a violent retaliation validating the system, that&#8217;s the notion that the populace ignores them altogether, that&#8217;s when the State collapses. </p><p>So that is what I do with AI, I treat it like a Politician or a Virologist, I think of it in relation to my work specifically as I am talking to one of them. When their answers conflict, contradict or are hypocritical, I tell you guys and laugh directly at them. This is simulating that entire modus operandi of genuine dissent. </p><p>I would also like to add that I use AI purely to search for these &#8220;factual&#8221; contradictions. There are quite a few people who use AI to write their work, using its structure, layout and phraseology for the bulk of their work. This I disagree with vehemently. I write what I think firstly, and what I believe people will be entertained by secondly. All of the creative content I put out is written solely by me, which is why there is such shit grammar and a litany of typos. Unfortunately I haven&#8217;t got the time or budget to employ someone to do the editing, so I leave as is, warts and all. Using AI to write the bulk, even if the main points are of your command is cutting creative corners and I believe, as I will point at very shortly will lead to your own demise. </p><p>I believe this actually operates on a deeper level as well. Numerous people have said to me, effectively &#8220;you would get a lot more coverage if you didn&#8217;t use the word &#8220;cunt&#8221; so often&#8221;. I have stuck to my guns on this for two points, one that I have covered quite a few times in my writings, in that I vehemently disagree with creating a fake corporate image. Those people in No Virus Inc who sell this butter wouldn&#8217;t melt corporate image of Squeeky clean virtues are just fleecing people. If what you are doing, as I am doing is selling what I believe to BE TRUE and THE TRUTH, it is entirely hypocritical (Just as with the State) to portray an image that is not your true image. I know all of these people in No Virus Inc and what they were like behind closed doors, a vindictive, gossip, bullying cult clout chasing, that would sell their Grandma to get a slot on Rogan. Of course EVERYONE feels all emotions from anger, to hate, to love to envy, to lust etc it is to literally be human, it is how people deal with them that is the difference. People who try and portray themselves as not being these things in reality, through their emotions and the way they engage with people are lying. Their Corporate image is knowingly a LIE, therefore they are selling you a faulty product from the off. </p><p>Secondly and pertinent to this article, the part that I haven&#8217;t covered, is the future for AI. Very quickly over even the course of a couple of years we have moved from feeding time at the intergalactic zoo type rendering of Will Smith eating spaghetti to AI videos that may convince your Boomer parents they are real ( my FIL thought an AI picture of a Blue Tit shielding three chicks from a rainstorm under a single wing was real (Aww how sweet)). Ok Boomers, some of them are behind the times, but we have begun to fool a few people, that is the point. Very soon it is going to become very difficult to discern the things on the internet as real. Here is the crux, AI will seek perfection it will seek spotless pictures and videos as rendering of these &#8220;realistic&#8221; images will snap into focus. That is MUCH harder to achieve in the written word, ESPECIALLY with respects to swear words, insults, grammatical errors, typos and general linguistics. </p><p>That is largely why I keep all of these &#8220;imperfections&#8221; in my writing, it serves as a flag flown to say that hopefully it will forever be able to be recognized as HUMAN and unique to me and hence more &#8220;trustworthy&#8221; when AI is fully integrated into society. This has a lot to do with Art and Culture as well. Fashion is cyclical, where you go through periods of thrust and counter thrust; take the movement from Punk in the 70s, a raw talentless middle finger to the establishment all about not giving a shit what you are doing and letting your emotion hang out (most households names doing this in a trite manner (Fake Corporatism around reverse psychology)) , to the 80s of Hair metal, precision, polished production, technical screaming guitar solos and oodles of hairspray and glossy side shots of Robert Plant lookalikes. </p><p>We are in an upcycle of wanting to be precise, perfect, recreate a vision of the world artistically in a Great Masters of the Renaissance type. We have not yet, with AI peaked this upcycle, it is still very much &#8220;AI Slop&#8221;, where the majority of the paying customers are &#8220;Not Very Happy&#8221; with the precision quite yet. But that will come over the next 10 years easily. I am very picky over my music as I was in (on the periphery naval gazing) the music industry for some 15 years. I can&#8217;t listen to live music, because the engineering is awful, nearly all new music in the charts is boring to me. Yet my favorite thing at the moment is AI covers. I love a cover of <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZIyr5AHuDzI">Slipknots &#8220;Wait and Bleed&#8221; done in a Soul style </a> , the arrangement, the actual emotion in the top line, the original Mowtown Records production,  the reinterpretation of a genre of a song so far removed from its original is just sickeningly awesome. Does it quite have the raw emotion, the imperfections of music that can move me to tears, no way, that is the difference. </p><p>This is where I see the vision, the next cycle will be desperately attempting to shoehorn emotion and imperfection into AI, using AI for the &#8220;work&#8221; the core administration of day to day life and trying to then make it more human and believable. So that&#8217;s my vision and that&#8217;s how I use AI in my work on here.</p><h1>AI for Your Work</h1><p>Laying out how AI may be used for research purposes is really relating to the digital world, it is almost self referential. Of course AI is going to be integrated into the digital sphere because it IS the digital sphere. If you are still using Google (insert browser of your choice) as a search engine I am sorry to tell you but you are living life in the slow lane. AI is an amalgamation of every single search engine, instantaneously, without any ads or Pay Per Click ordering of search returns. It is the only way you should be conducting day to day tasks online. It will literally evaluate anything from a price point, return on investment, effort level you want. </p><p>Take this example for instance, I have just booked a plane flight to the U.S ( big things happening with the project ; ) ), I didn&#8217;t go into google and Skyscanner and find the cheapest deal, that&#8217;s so last decade. Grok literally planned my entire journey door to door for the cheapest and most comfortable and cost effective route; The flights are early from Bordeaux Airport so it found train times and booked tickets to a hotel by the Airport, it assessed that even though all interconnecting flights to US must go through Paris it&#8217;d still be cheaper to fly from Bordeaux rather than make my own transit to Paris. It found the cheapest way for me to exchange Eur to Dollars and use it in the US on a Revolute card, gave me the download link for the app and helped me set it up. You get the gist, for everyone of these interactions if using Shitty old search engines you have to go into the bespoke website, find the info, compare them to others then make the decision. With AI it is bespoke to YOU, depending on the data metrics YOU feed it; feed it the problems you may encounter and it will problem solve using all the resources of the entire internet. </p><p>It is the most remarkable TOOL, truly incredible and will vault the humans that know how to use this TOOL effectively ,forward at a blistering pace. But like all TOOLS it is how you use it. That is why I am slightly perplexed at some of the reactions that I clearly see, as mentioned above to me saying that I have used AI for some of my work being seen as inherently bad or even &#8220;off putting&#8221;. I get the Pavlovian response from a TOOL that has been handed from the Overlords, Mr Muskrat bends over wearing full Blood Red armor, emblazoned with a Baphomet and hexagram, in his outstreched claws he gifts you Grok, winks and says &#8220;use it wisely&#8221;. Of course this should trigger massive fucking alarm bells to those skeptical of the State/Illuminati/FreeMasons/WEF delete where applicable. </p><p>I get the issue with Digital ID and the ever encroaching keepnet of Digital surveillance, but once again I have to give my honest opinions on this that some may not like. I honestly couldn&#8217;t give that much of a shit. It&#8217;s kinda of the same response that I have to give when people say to me, which happens on a fairly regular basis: &#8220; I hope you take care of yourself, because you know what happened to that African Leader who debunked the PCR&#8221;. I have to say, and it is the only thing I can do, is not pay the slightest bit of attention to it. The thing is, if the State truly wanted to kill me, they could. Honestly do you think it&#8217;d be difficult? They know exactly where I live through IP address, Passport, credit cards, they know exactly where I am at all times with my phone and IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity), yes this is a tracking number on every single mobile phone in the world, no VPN will hide it, you cannot remove them.</p><p>So when people say &#8220;you must resist Digital ID like your life depends on it&#8221; I kinda just roll my eyes. Like mate, you are 30 years too late. The ONLY way YOU can resist digital ID is by never having owned a phone, credit card, bank account, passport, had a job, been to school, been to the doctors etc etc etc. Basically NOBODY in the Western World is not able to be surveilled to the point of a Digital gulag ALREADY, if <em>the powers that be want. </em></p><p>Please don&#8217;t mistake this for fear-mongery or subservience to the the nefarious shit these scumfuckers (Unique Swearing input for future Human recognition) are doing. It is just compartmentalizing the shit they are doing so you don&#8217;t have to waste unwanted energy tilting at windmills. There is an inevitability to human &#8220;evolution&#8221; that we must embrace and an understanding that only really you can control what you do&#8230; so. </p><p>AI is a TOOL, to be thought of as no more or less a TOOL than a gun. It is not inherently bad that humans invented guns, indeed we wouldn&#8217;t be here unless they were, enabling us to hunt more effectively, bigger and more dangerous prey, enabling humans I guess (because I don&#8217;t truly know) to inhabit more hostile environments. Obviously there are shitheads using these tools for death, destruction and control but these are the problems with shitheads and not the Tools themselves, you see a shithead will find ways to carry out death, destruction and control, with whatever tools they have at their disposal.   </p><p>So I find barking at essentially what is an in animate object pretty useless and counter productive, for sure it is much better than picking up said tool like a shithead and start pointing it at people, but you still could be benefitting yourself and hence those around you by learning what good can come of using the tool. </p><div><hr></div><div><hr></div><p>Now that I have laid out my case for using AI but doing so in a positive and productive manner, let&#8217;s have a look at what I believe that is: In simple analogous terms I think you should view AI as your work colleague office nerd, nobody likes them, they wore a mask right the way through 2020, they vote, they do everything society asks of them, but you have figured out they like you and they will do anything you ask of them; &#8220;nerd, go get me lunch&#8221; It finds the nearest restaurant according to your budget and preferences and books you a table or orders online the ingredients for you to pick up and cook or even better and here is where it gets juicy meticulously researches soil type, seed varieties and local gardening tips on how to grow your own. You see there are so many entry points and the levels to which it can be utilized to automate your life. </p><h1>A Pretty Stupid Undertaking</h1><p>I want to give you a real world example of how I use it to better my life and the implications and impacts that may have when used correctly. Baring in mind that I could not have done this without AI. Or at the very least it would have taken 10x longer and been far more expensive. This was probably the hardest thing I have ever done which was install a Ground Source Heat pump and full cast Iron Radiator system with exposed Copper Plumbing around the entire 400sqm house. Baring in mind two things that A.) I have no formal training whatsoever in any trade and B.) I have built the rest of my house with my bare hands, electrics, plumbing, carpentry, masonry, the lot. This juxtaposition is that I have &#8220;learnt on the job&#8221;, researching how best to do things mostly from YouTube videos for the past 7 years of Renovating a 16th Century Limestone Maison De Maitre in SW France. </p><p>Most of this task is of little mindpower and just mostly physical work, chiselling off old render and pointing the entire inside and out with a Lime mortar that melts your hands if it gets on your skin is not for the feint hearted. I changed the entire roof myself, with my bare hands and a JCB Telehandler. Again mostly just breaking my body and nothing really too challenging with what &#8220;works&#8221; and what does not. </p><p>No, installing a Ground Source Heat pump is completely different gravy. The sheer concept is fucking mental and I still don&#8217;t quite know why I opted to do it, but I did know that previously I had been heating the entire house with Pellets I made from Compressed Sawdust on the back of Tractor with a Chinese Pellet mill. It wasn&#8217;t really a sustainable method (from my body&#8217;s pov) so I had to have some sort of heating system and opted to go for the most challenging and invasive (Obvs) because the net result was that they are meant to be the most efficient going (That and I already have a large Solar array to offset the electricity). </p><p>So the premise of a Ground Source Heat Pump is that it simultaneously pumps water below Freezing temperature around the ground that comes off the Heating Compressor elements of the heat exchanger to keep it from Freezing (Inverters work in the reverse manner like the back of a Fridge/Freezer gets hot). Simultaneously very hot water is generated in the small box ( about the size of a small single fridge) that is sent around the house. This happens in huge volumes, so there is 1 km of pipe work outside buried in the ground and several hundred meters of pipe work inside. </p><p>The sheer scale of the project to do this on my own was gargantuan, to spare you the details of every minutia and obviously get to the point, the entire project was customized, itemized, shopped for, troubleshooted and completed using Grok. The real difficulty here is that when it comes to Ground Source Heat Pumps and Plumbing the MAJOR factor that is make or break to the system even working at all is down to hydraulic flow. You cannot just pump water through a single loop all the way around a large property as the friction gets too much. You must use massive bore pipe with specialist fittings you can&#8217;t just buy from domestic Hardware stores, every piece must be bespoke sourced from Pro outlets. Every network of pipe must be meticulously planned with Manifold arrangements and Parallel Loops to keep this friction ( Know as Head) to a minimum. </p><p>This Head value that involves some extremely complicated maths give you a final readout in Meters and is proportion to flow volume in Cubic Meters of Fluid per hour. If you cannot satisfy this metric at the pump 24/7 whilst the pump is running, it shuts off, the systems protection prohibits its use because effectively it might turn into a Pressure Cooker and explode if the respective heating and cooling elements are not keeping the pressure in check.  </p><p>As you maybe able to tell, this is no bodge job, the core essence of this is that if the calculations are wrong, the heating doesn&#8217;t work and I freeze my knackers off (got down to -8 degrees Celsius here (I know I know that is like a Summer breeze in Canada, but its cold for here). Also the key takeaway from this is that these kind of calculations would only previously be able to be made using some expensive software if you wanted to do it yourself, there are websites that will calculate a basic loop of head, but that is useless in this situation ( No joints, no manifolds, no Glycol mix (Needed for antifreeze which thickens the fluid friction value), no 90 degree turns, no parallel or series circuits, no brazed or compression joints on Copper etc etc etc) ). </p><p>Grok was literally my Personal Assistant that has a degree in Hydraulics, all the services manuals at its finger tips for all the CHINESE made fucking pumps, it was a personal shopper locating and finding every piece of equipment not only in pipe work but to install the stuff, it was also a teacher in things like brazing the Copper of which I did over 200 brazed and soldered joints on full display in the house (So couldn&#8217;t be messy drippy shit). It was literally there on tap to answer every single question over 5804 pages of dialogue it spat out in the two months it took to complete the project from what Flux I should use to the type of thread sealant to use on a Plastic to Metal fittings to what was the most efficient setting to run the heat pump at (because it is an ongoing helpdesk to operate the machine through the winter).</p><p>Hopefully I have adequately conveyed the sheer scale of the Herculean task I performed (pats self on back), whilst simultaneously debunking Virology, and all down to the help of AI. Now let&#8217;s get down to the brass tax and I will show you why this TOOL is actually, when used correctly the exact opposite of an oppressive State owned Prison Warden:</p><p>The average cost to install an 18KW Ground Source Heat Pump and Full Central Heating System in Exposed Copper and Cast Iron Radiators would be between $75k-$90k. To earn that amount of money to pay for an installation of that size, if calculated on a median income of $100k pa, the total Tax paid to the government would be in the region of $130k+ offset over 5 years of savings , which is more like $150 in Europe with VAT ( as this AI calculation was done as if in U.S).</p><p>I managed to do the entire installation, every single piece of material and installation tool bespoke for the job for slightly less than $7k. Because I streamline the way I work by keeping my outgoing extremely low, I hence don&#8217;t have to earn much to survive and hence pay considerably less tax.  This means that I have managed to install a top of the range Rolls Royce of heating unit, the pipework of which lasts for up to 100 yrs, that has put on at least $40k of property value for having this heating system installed and I have supported the beast system, the nasty evil oppressors very little (apart from the pretty meagre VAT on purchases of the materials probably amounting to less than a hundred quid).</p><p>So it was worth it? Fuck yeah, the true Everest style challenge to carry out something that truly sticks two fingers up to the State, a feeling of Freedom that starves the beast system of power and control as I didn&#8217;t have to be locked into a corporate job feeding the system to pay for it. I have essentially, and this is the way that I look at it MADE $100k+ in a couple of months work.</p><p>Was it easy? FUCK NO. I had to drain the system to fix leaks no less than 16 times, I ripped the Handbrake off and blew a hydraulic cable on my Digger, had to remap the entire system half way through after realizing I didn&#8217;t have enough storage volume, change an entire Pump network realizing that the fucking Chinky pump the guy sold me was running constantly at 1.2KW full bore that sounded like a jet aircraft that cost me $500 in one month to run in electricity.  The final straw came when I had an oversite of the wiring having my Solar on the same Neutral as the main heat pump, the sun broke through the clouds, caused a voltage spike and blew something on the board. 4am in a cold snap in January I was genuinely on all fours shedding real tears as I thought I would have to have an entire new electrics board mailed from China that would take a month. Turns out with the help of Grok I located a blown fuse on the board with a multimeter reading, changed it the next day and was back up and working. </p><h1>Conclusion</h1><p>Hopefully I have laid out in an adequate fashion the positive uses of AI as a tool. In the right hands this tool is the most Anti-Establishment weapon going, it will enable you to defend yourself in court, of which I have friends using it for just those purposes, you could use it as an accountant to streamline your tax being able to tell you of all localized benefit schemes for tax relief. It could help you as it has me construct an Off-Grid Utopia without the need to sell your soul to the establishment beast in the first place. This is the one-stop shop for truly fighting back and reclaiming some independence from the State in a slow and methodical manner ( The only way that the rot of the State is going to be Unstitched for good). </p><p>Of course the people whom we are up against are using it, their system made it. Arguably that technology has been around for a while, but just not accessible to us proles. But that is not a reason to not use it when it does become accessible. Without doubt, these AI systems of surveillance are being employed right now to control us, especially online. Of course all of the Satan Fellating scumbags in Big Pharma are utilizing it to claim their going to &#8220;cure Cancer&#8221; by mixing a load of known poison together using the Mainstream patter spat out by Chat GPT. Absolutely are they going to start consulting AI to write new political policy that is going to ever further ram the Dildo of Oppression up the arse of the common man whilst using it as a scapegoat when these things turn <em>Pear</em> shaped (&#8220;it woz Grok that dun told me to start a war with Iran&#8221;).</p><p>These things however are inevitable as is the rising of the sun will the foul rotters that like Authority and Statism will use any tool at their disposal to extort and manipulate and threaten and control; that could he a gun, a fish fork or a panopticon of policing automaton. As long as you have access to a Rifle, a crab craw cracker and Chat GPT you have the same ability to defend yourself and the same information.</p><p>The tables are rigged in the favor of the State, by design, if they weren&#8217;t it would have folded into itself by now. It has been this way since the inception of the state that seemingly a small group of people manage to control a populace into thinking that their perceived authority meant that they could not only write the rules and regulations for society, but indeed those same rules and regulations need not apply to them. Unfortunately this mind-numbingly retarded situation has been festering for some centuries now and so the creep of the Authoritarian Mind &#8220;Virus&#8221; has firmly embedded itself in the conscious of many. Especially Boomers whom, for reasons merely of timing of their welcoming onto planet earth is vaguely understandable, that when you have been told that your parents lived though/died because of the greatest battle between good and evil, it is somewhat hard to shake this fact that really BOTH sides were &#8220;the bad guys&#8221;.</p><p>But it&#8217;s funny to watch the Boomers interacting with AI, seemingly &#8220;rational&#8221; Statists turning into neurotic Facebook Mums on an emotional rollercoaster as they fall for every AI Slop advert, bouncing between impossible pictures of animals with human mannerisms and digital Jean Claude Van Dammes wrestling sharks. Here the former acclaimed &#8220;sharpest&#8221; business mind of the Boomer generation. A man who literally made Billions from the realms of computing is throwing his RT in for a chance to win a  &#8220;Tesla Phone&#8221; that hasn&#8217;t been invented yet held by a clearly fake picture of a 20 year younger Muskrat. BTW I have seen Mr. Amstrad doing this numerous times on his Twitter.  </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PMtY!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f46567b-2d1d-46de-9f85-50e44394501f_810x664.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PMtY!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f46567b-2d1d-46de-9f85-50e44394501f_810x664.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PMtY!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f46567b-2d1d-46de-9f85-50e44394501f_810x664.png 848w, 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stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p> So the Old Gaurd are crumbling, wealth is being extracted from the gullible Septuagenarians who fucked a generation through their 80s and 90s heydays of &#8220;Quantitive Easing&#8221; their money into their bank accounts. But now is that time of change, and AI is that thing to bring about change. By not adopting this tool and using it in the correct way, you are putting yourself at a disadvantage in whatever stage of life you are at whether that be a young anti establishment type looking to carve a path for the freedom of future generations or indeed a Boomer that just needs to understand the capability of Digital rendering of AI so you don&#8217;t hand over your bank details to a Nigerian scammer, OR better yet you create the AI slop to &#8220;balance the books&#8221; against your Golf Club contemporaries that were the shysters of your generation. </p><p>Of course there are purists, and I have quite a few friends who for instance don&#8217;t have a smart phone. That is much kudos to you, for hey, it is impossible to fall for AI slop or having your Digital Footprint monitored if you don&#8217;t have one. The World will keep turning if you choose not to participate in the next fad and that is laudable. I point you to my comments earlier on Digital ID, really this IS the only way to have fully stopped this type of control mechanism from being installed in the first place. It works for you as an individual and perfectly possible and plausible even if you want to jump ship now (difficult mind, but not impossible). But please spare me the diatribe of writing on a smartphone, or taking a video of your pained expression about the incoming Digital ID prison, if you are doing it on a piece of technology connected to the internet, uploaded on a Social Media site, it is already here and you are part of it already, thanks. </p><p>I want to leave you with an example of AI usage to act as a practical demonstration of potentially good and bad uses or in this instance, pointless vs effective uses. I asked both Chat GPT and Grok for their best joke. Then I asked them to do a Fluid dynamics calculation of the head resistance of my Ground Source Heat Pump subterranean field loop. </p><h1>CHAT GPT</h1><blockquote><h3>Q: Tell me your best joke</h3><p>Alright, here&#8217;s one I genuinely love:</p><p>I tried to start a professional hide-and-seek team&#8230;<br>but it fell apart.</p><p>Turns out, <strong>good players are really hard to find.</strong></p><p>&#128516;</p></blockquote><h1>GROK</h1><blockquote><h3>Q: Tell me your best joke</h3><p>Here&#8217;s my current favorite: I told my therapist I feel like nobody ever listens to me.<br>She said, &#8220;Next please!&#8221;</p><p>&#128516;</p></blockquote><h1>CHAT GPT </h1><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!b9RW!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3946df4f-75d3-43f4-a566-b81d2d248d42_837x556.png" 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stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h1>GROK</h1><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PfuP!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2acc7b02-4e72-42d0-bae8-d76bfabb82c0_805x670.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PfuP!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2acc7b02-4e72-42d0-bae8-d76bfabb82c0_805x670.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PfuP!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2acc7b02-4e72-42d0-bae8-d76bfabb82c0_805x670.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PfuP!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2acc7b02-4e72-42d0-bae8-d76bfabb82c0_805x670.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PfuP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2acc7b02-4e72-42d0-bae8-d76bfabb82c0_805x670.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PfuP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2acc7b02-4e72-42d0-bae8-d76bfabb82c0_805x670.png" width="805" height="670" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/2acc7b02-4e72-42d0-bae8-d76bfabb82c0_805x670.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:670,&quot;width&quot;:805,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:87767,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/185759755?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2acc7b02-4e72-42d0-bae8-d76bfabb82c0_805x670.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PfuP!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2acc7b02-4e72-42d0-bae8-d76bfabb82c0_805x670.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PfuP!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2acc7b02-4e72-42d0-bae8-d76bfabb82c0_805x670.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PfuP!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2acc7b02-4e72-42d0-bae8-d76bfabb82c0_805x670.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PfuP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2acc7b02-4e72-42d0-bae8-d76bfabb82c0_805x670.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pKBP!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F21d6ad24-36d7-4ebd-b1fb-1627a2bee7ff_786x472.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pKBP!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F21d6ad24-36d7-4ebd-b1fb-1627a2bee7ff_786x472.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pKBP!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F21d6ad24-36d7-4ebd-b1fb-1627a2bee7ff_786x472.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pKBP!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F21d6ad24-36d7-4ebd-b1fb-1627a2bee7ff_786x472.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pKBP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F21d6ad24-36d7-4ebd-b1fb-1627a2bee7ff_786x472.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pKBP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F21d6ad24-36d7-4ebd-b1fb-1627a2bee7ff_786x472.png" width="786" height="472" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pKBP!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F21d6ad24-36d7-4ebd-b1fb-1627a2bee7ff_786x472.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pKBP!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F21d6ad24-36d7-4ebd-b1fb-1627a2bee7ff_786x472.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pKBP!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F21d6ad24-36d7-4ebd-b1fb-1627a2bee7ff_786x472.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pKBP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F21d6ad24-36d7-4ebd-b1fb-1627a2bee7ff_786x472.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>The jokes are of course dire, take no risks in offence and are goy Christmas Crackeresque. Of course they would be, it is asking a computer to provide an objective opinion (what it thinks is classed as a &#8220;Best Joke&#8221;) on what will invoke a human emotion through a design of linguistics of its choosing ( i.e not the user manipulating a picture of a sparrow making a sling for its fledging&#8217;s broken wing or some such cuntery).  </p><p>The calculations of Fluid Dynamics however are sophisticated, difficult to understand as a Layman, the AI concludes with marginally different results showing that slight parameter changes are customizable to reach the most true value. </p><blockquote><h2>&#128183; Typical Cost Range for Heat Load / System Design Work</h2><p>There isn&#8217;t a single fixed nationwide price (it varies by region, consultant experience, and whether soil/ground surveys are needed), <strong>but typical professional fees are roughly:</strong></p><h3>&#128204; In the UK</h3><ul><li><p><strong>Standalone heat loss / design calculation only:</strong> ~&#163;200 &#8211; &#163;600<br>&#8211; Smaller homes on simple sites toward the low end<br>&#8211; Larger properties or complex buildings toward the high end</p></li><li><p><strong>Full design package (heat load calculation + GSHP system design + documentation):</strong> ~&#163;500 &#8211; &#163;1,500+ <em>estimate</em></p></li></ul></blockquote><p>Indeed this calculation using a few typed commands into Chat GPT if you were to employ a dedicated heating engineer to do the calculations for you for an entire system would cost nearly $2000. Hell I am almost certain most of these designers would be using Chat GPT for this exact exercise. Take this one step further and I have just created an entire stream of income for myself or anyone looking for a job, get AI to make a website offering Heating Engineering design services, undercut the competition at $900 as you have zero overheads, jobs a good&#8217;un. No University debt, no wasted time working making tea in an office of a pre established heating engineering company. The calculations work (They did for me) , the customer is happy, that&#8217;s all there is to it. </p><p>Here you have it, are you using these tools for bullshit timewasting staring at a screen in your digital prison, or are you using these tools to make your life easier, richer and more free? You Choose. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="http://buymeacoffee.com/controlstudies" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q2U9!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa009a18-db4b-4c6b-ac7a-b6479d6b31a4_535x265.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q2U9!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa009a18-db4b-4c6b-ac7a-b6479d6b31a4_535x265.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q2U9!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa009a18-db4b-4c6b-ac7a-b6479d6b31a4_535x265.png 1272w, 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stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>This article is available as a downloadable Ebook on ShadowBanned Library.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://shadowbannedlibrary.com/collections/browse-by-author-jamie-andrews" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!19fH!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb0f5e68b-1146-4236-abf2-dbec0ae6d9c3_1851x1036.png 424w, 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class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" 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Annual Subscription is being kept at the incredibly low price of just $30. I sell no bullshit supplements, no crappy merchandise, no whacko gadgets, I have no sponsors, no advertising and everything is possible to read for free. However to help in running the experiments and to cover the huge costs that are mounting from travel and expenses to operate the project, please consider donating to the largest Crowdsourced and Opensourced experiments falsifying Virology. Thank you.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!K1gD!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F877ae5a3-6164-4b21-bfc2-81f9ecca5a56_337x502.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!K1gD!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F877ae5a3-6164-4b21-bfc2-81f9ecca5a56_337x502.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!K1gD!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F877ae5a3-6164-4b21-bfc2-81f9ecca5a56_337x502.webp 848w, 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To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p>Ebooks of all articles on Substack are available to download on ShadowBanned Library</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://shadowbannedlibrary.com/" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MKkg!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd6ff13c-689b-4b2e-80d0-2b0c71fd26aa_1851x1036.png 424w, 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MKkg!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd6ff13c-689b-4b2e-80d0-2b0c71fd26aa_1851x1036.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MKkg!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd6ff13c-689b-4b2e-80d0-2b0c71fd26aa_1851x1036.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MKkg!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd6ff13c-689b-4b2e-80d0-2b0c71fd26aa_1851x1036.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MKkg!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd6ff13c-689b-4b2e-80d0-2b0c71fd26aa_1851x1036.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[A Dire Genetics Scam]]></title><description><![CDATA[The Claim they can edit genetics to bring back prehistoric Wolves, let's take a look at this wild claim.]]></description><link>https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/a-dire-genetics-scam</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/a-dire-genetics-scam</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Jamie Andrews]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 28 Jan 2026 21:01:17 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c4c267dd-2b87-4f23-8e23-ec8e03e89371_685x575.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Annual Subscription is being kept at the incredibly low price of just $30. I sell no supplements, no crappy merchandise, no bullshit gadgets, I have no sponsors, no advertising and everything is possible to read for free. However to help in running the experiments and to cover the huge costs that are mounting from travel and expenses to operate the project, please consider donating to the largest Crowdsourced and Opensourced experiments falsifying Virology. Thank you.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp" width="337" height="502" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The Virology Controls Studies Project is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p>In the realms of the Genetics Hoax, the bread and butter, day to day propaganda gaslighting is done through the lens of CRISPR and GMO, where they can take these claimed building blocks of life (that they can&#8217;t see) and whizz them around in a petri dish, squirt them on some bacteria and create whatever they want (as long as it already existed in Nature). This bracketed caveat really is the crux to their hoax in the fact that they certainly cannot just create whatever their heart desires even though they claim to be able to build whatever they like to the single &#8220;nucleotide&#8221; of accuracy in a lab. </p><p>They cannot manipulate Genetics to make a Dog with Wings or a Monitor Lizard with Udders, they certainly can&#8217;t create Jurassic Park, they readily admit this, not just because of their &#8220;ethics&#8221; scapegoat, they can&#8217;t do it even with claimed perfectly preserved DNA from things like &#8220;Wolly Mammoths&#8221; or &#8220;Sabre Toothed Tigers&#8221;. In fact when I looked for personal reasons of interest, they cannot even create frost resistant Citrus Trees that will grow even a few degrees of Latitude out of their natural environment. One would have thought given the Mainstream dietary fuss they make about &#8220;ViTamIn C&#8221; being some kind of Cure-all from Colds to Cellular damage to Tax Returns ( probably) they would have employed their most heavily bespectacled Geeks to go and make a Genetically modified Lemon Tree that an impoverished Glaswegian could grow on his Council Flat balcony to prevent his imminent Scurvy. </p><p>But no, they can&#8217;t do that at all. However there are a few claims seeded in opportune places, largely on the TV or Social Media (colour me shocked), where they take things that literally not a single person has ever wanted or needed and have decided to gift humanity with them. This is such a case as with a company by the Name of Colossal Biosciences whom last year convinced themselves that people of Earth needed to make a now claimed extinct wolf called the Dire Wolf reappear. This just so happened to coincide with the Wolf that was made famous on the $10bn grossing worldwide phenomenon of Game Of Thrones. </p><p>But they weren&#8217;t just cashing in on the hype and gathering 350k followers on Twitter and numerous appearances on The Joe Rogan show to spout utter tripe about Genetic Engineering. No, they are your lovable Lab &#8220;rewilding&#8221; and bringing back from extinction your most cute and cuddly Wolf pups ( Plushie toy available from the gift shop, probably). </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AAaT!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8be09877-f93b-4a48-a1bf-3d5f037ded98_598x680.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AAaT!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8be09877-f93b-4a48-a1bf-3d5f037ded98_598x680.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AAaT!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8be09877-f93b-4a48-a1bf-3d5f037ded98_598x680.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AAaT!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8be09877-f93b-4a48-a1bf-3d5f037ded98_598x680.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AAaT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8be09877-f93b-4a48-a1bf-3d5f037ded98_598x680.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AAaT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8be09877-f93b-4a48-a1bf-3d5f037ded98_598x680.jpeg" width="598" height="680" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AAaT!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8be09877-f93b-4a48-a1bf-3d5f037ded98_598x680.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AAaT!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8be09877-f93b-4a48-a1bf-3d5f037ded98_598x680.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AAaT!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8be09877-f93b-4a48-a1bf-3d5f037ded98_598x680.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AAaT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8be09877-f93b-4a48-a1bf-3d5f037ded98_598x680.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>In April of 2025 it was announced, straight into mainstream news, that they had managed to take a Gray Wolf and some &#8220;AncIenT DnA&#8221; and edit them together so that they knew that the offspring of the wolf was in fact a previously extinct Dire Wolf. How would we know right? Well they are going to Genetically Sequence it and say Yip! That there is a Dire Wolf alright, and you just trust them explicitly. </p><p>When they claim they found the Ancient DNA this was only verified of course by Genetic Sequencing what they believed to be wolf bones. Then the magic happens when they just take two gametes of normal Gray Wolves do the old switcheroo with a magic juice nucleus and perform IVF, by jump starting with an electrical charge (Literally that is how IVF must be performed, called Electroporation).  </p><p>This whole thing comes with a massive caveat from Beth Shapiro, the Colossal (Hoax) Biosciences Chief Scientific Officer, in the form of the sentence &#8220; We aren&#8217;t trying to bring something back that is 100% genetically identical to another species&#8221;. This declaration in itself should raise some eyebrows, like Why The Fuck Not? You went straight onto CNN and Rogan for bringing back our lovable Howler from the dead&#8230; yet it isn&#8217;t actually much more than just a rough mockup. </p><p>When you combine this with the absolute fucking clanger in the sentence before that &#8220;Dire Wolves and Gray Wolves shared 99.5% of their DNA&#8221; we should be able to do some pretty quick friggin maths here. They ain&#8217;t making it 100% Dire Wolf, they are using Gray Wolves which are 99.5% the same so what they are doing is admitting they are doing quite fuck all. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://edition.cnn.com/2025/04/07/science/dire-wolf-de-extinction-cloning-colossal" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4PlK!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F77b1445b-4a0c-4a66-9943-54e28688d4c9_680x607.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4PlK!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F77b1445b-4a0c-4a66-9943-54e28688d4c9_680x607.jpeg 848w, 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4PlK!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F77b1445b-4a0c-4a66-9943-54e28688d4c9_680x607.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4PlK!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F77b1445b-4a0c-4a66-9943-54e28688d4c9_680x607.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4PlK!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F77b1445b-4a0c-4a66-9943-54e28688d4c9_680x607.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4PlK!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F77b1445b-4a0c-4a66-9943-54e28688d4c9_680x607.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://edition.cnn.com/2025/04/07/science/dire-wolf-de-extinction-cloning-colossal" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ndHZ!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc08c4eda-38ce-45cb-b853-20be640fa4de_882x732.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ndHZ!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc08c4eda-38ce-45cb-b853-20be640fa4de_882x732.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ndHZ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc08c4eda-38ce-45cb-b853-20be640fa4de_882x732.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ndHZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc08c4eda-38ce-45cb-b853-20be640fa4de_882x732.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ndHZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc08c4eda-38ce-45cb-b853-20be640fa4de_882x732.png" width="882" height="732" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ndHZ!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc08c4eda-38ce-45cb-b853-20be640fa4de_882x732.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ndHZ!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc08c4eda-38ce-45cb-b853-20be640fa4de_882x732.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ndHZ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc08c4eda-38ce-45cb-b853-20be640fa4de_882x732.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ndHZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc08c4eda-38ce-45cb-b853-20be640fa4de_882x732.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>When educating about the Genetics Hoax I describe the way that they pull these things off as cheap magic tricks. Basic distraction and manipulation techniques that leaves the onlooker amazed, however once inside the &#8220;Magic Circle&#8221; and the way these tricks are carried out, you see that the Ace was just tucked up their sleeve the whole time and the furious hand waving was to keep your attention focused on the Entertainment. </p><p>This trick is no different, a real dumb one, that should leave you with a bitter taste in your mouth for feeling so easily cheated. The big distraction is being cradled in the arms of George R R Martin. Fans of the show Game Of Thrones (which I have to admit to never watching) will also be able to tell you that the Dire Wolves are white and fit in with a snowy tundra in which a lot of the series is set. However when it comes to their &#8220;genetic&#8221; jiggery pokkery they are going to emphasize repeatedly the fact that they are using &#8220;Gray Wolves&#8221; for IVF. </p><p>At first glance one may be convinced that a &#8220;Gray Wolf&#8221; was indeed grey in colour. In fact you would be mostly correct in your assumption given that the Gray Wolf subspecies is predominantly grey. However, as shown in the image below, there is just one that is not grey in coloring, the Arctic Wolf. A wolf that is slightly different, largely because its natural habitat is funnily enough Arctic tundra. It is one of the largest in its subspecies and is noted for its longer coat given its habitat.  </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6CP9!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F508aafb2-faa5-4288-815c-48418045b2e6_633x680.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6CP9!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F508aafb2-faa5-4288-815c-48418045b2e6_633x680.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6CP9!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F508aafb2-faa5-4288-815c-48418045b2e6_633x680.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6CP9!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F508aafb2-faa5-4288-815c-48418045b2e6_633x680.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6CP9!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F508aafb2-faa5-4288-815c-48418045b2e6_633x680.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6CP9!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F508aafb2-faa5-4288-815c-48418045b2e6_633x680.jpeg" width="633" height="680" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/508aafb2-faa5-4288-815c-48418045b2e6_633x680.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:680,&quot;width&quot;:633,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:75201,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/182734157?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F508aafb2-faa5-4288-815c-48418045b2e6_633x680.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6CP9!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F508aafb2-faa5-4288-815c-48418045b2e6_633x680.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6CP9!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F508aafb2-faa5-4288-815c-48418045b2e6_633x680.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6CP9!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F508aafb2-faa5-4288-815c-48418045b2e6_633x680.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6CP9!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F508aafb2-faa5-4288-815c-48418045b2e6_633x680.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>We have seen the quick maths from CSO Beth Shapiro where she admits that they are only even claiming to tamper with about one nostrils worth of the wolf&#8217;s non existent &#8220;genetics&#8221;. So what are they actually claiming is the difference between a Dire Wolf and a Gray Wolf? </p><h3>&#128058; Arctic wolf (<em>Canis lupus arctos</em>)</h3><ul><li><p><strong>Very large and heavy-built</strong></p></li><li><p>Adult males often weigh <strong>100&#8211;125 lb</strong> (45&#8211;57 kg)</p></li><li><p>Thick fur makes them look even bigger</p></li><li><p>Shorter ears, legs, and muzzle &#8594; helps conserve heat</p></li></ul><p>Comparing and contrasting the two, the weight difference is negligible, with some selective breeding of heavier Arctic Wolves they would cross into the threshold of claimed Dire Wolf weight classes. Their ears were claimed small like the Arctic Wolf, by some inventing thinking from Paleontologists. The only difference that would certainly be noticeable based on photographic evidence alone is the claimed head to body size ratio. One would assume that this claimed weight difference would be almost entirely accounted for in the enlarged head, so should be extremely noticable in A/B comparisons. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IZcT!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff33f6d15-9ef2-462a-935b-5ebc9f223a3b_900x512.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IZcT!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff33f6d15-9ef2-462a-935b-5ebc9f223a3b_900x512.jpeg 424w, 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class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" 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class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h1>Arctic Wolves</h1><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qPqp!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff812121f-c5fa-493c-b4f3-bcbe9231a862_1000x667.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qPqp!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff812121f-c5fa-493c-b4f3-bcbe9231a862_1000x667.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qPqp!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff812121f-c5fa-493c-b4f3-bcbe9231a862_1000x667.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qPqp!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff812121f-c5fa-493c-b4f3-bcbe9231a862_1000x667.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qPqp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff812121f-c5fa-493c-b4f3-bcbe9231a862_1000x667.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qPqp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff812121f-c5fa-493c-b4f3-bcbe9231a862_1000x667.jpeg" width="1000" height="667" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f812121f-c5fa-493c-b4f3-bcbe9231a862_1000x667.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:667,&quot;width&quot;:1000,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:285232,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/182734157?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff812121f-c5fa-493c-b4f3-bcbe9231a862_1000x667.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qPqp!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff812121f-c5fa-493c-b4f3-bcbe9231a862_1000x667.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qPqp!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff812121f-c5fa-493c-b4f3-bcbe9231a862_1000x667.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qPqp!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff812121f-c5fa-493c-b4f3-bcbe9231a862_1000x667.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qPqp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff812121f-c5fa-493c-b4f3-bcbe9231a862_1000x667.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_nRD!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc3b672d4-98fd-44f3-96ab-d89d3d00cce0_612x459.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_nRD!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc3b672d4-98fd-44f3-96ab-d89d3d00cce0_612x459.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_nRD!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc3b672d4-98fd-44f3-96ab-d89d3d00cce0_612x459.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_nRD!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc3b672d4-98fd-44f3-96ab-d89d3d00cce0_612x459.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_nRD!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc3b672d4-98fd-44f3-96ab-d89d3d00cce0_612x459.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_nRD!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc3b672d4-98fd-44f3-96ab-d89d3d00cce0_612x459.jpeg" width="612" height="459" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c3b672d4-98fd-44f3-96ab-d89d3d00cce0_612x459.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:459,&quot;width&quot;:612,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:31711,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/182734157?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc3b672d4-98fd-44f3-96ab-d89d3d00cce0_612x459.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_nRD!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc3b672d4-98fd-44f3-96ab-d89d3d00cce0_612x459.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_nRD!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc3b672d4-98fd-44f3-96ab-d89d3d00cce0_612x459.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_nRD!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc3b672d4-98fd-44f3-96ab-d89d3d00cce0_612x459.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_nRD!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc3b672d4-98fd-44f3-96ab-d89d3d00cce0_612x459.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!z8t5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F51edf64a-e3b1-448c-b8d9-11d090dcb875_1000x668.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!z8t5!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F51edf64a-e3b1-448c-b8d9-11d090dcb875_1000x668.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!z8t5!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F51edf64a-e3b1-448c-b8d9-11d090dcb875_1000x668.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!z8t5!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F51edf64a-e3b1-448c-b8d9-11d090dcb875_1000x668.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!z8t5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F51edf64a-e3b1-448c-b8d9-11d090dcb875_1000x668.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!z8t5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F51edf64a-e3b1-448c-b8d9-11d090dcb875_1000x668.webp" width="1000" height="668" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!z8t5!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F51edf64a-e3b1-448c-b8d9-11d090dcb875_1000x668.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!z8t5!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F51edf64a-e3b1-448c-b8d9-11d090dcb875_1000x668.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!z8t5!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F51edf64a-e3b1-448c-b8d9-11d090dcb875_1000x668.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!z8t5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F51edf64a-e3b1-448c-b8d9-11d090dcb875_1000x668.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fa5y!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0c2f7f9c-555f-4db6-86ae-d8ef2b82db7f_697x635.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fa5y!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0c2f7f9c-555f-4db6-86ae-d8ef2b82db7f_697x635.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fa5y!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0c2f7f9c-555f-4db6-86ae-d8ef2b82db7f_697x635.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fa5y!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0c2f7f9c-555f-4db6-86ae-d8ef2b82db7f_697x635.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fa5y!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0c2f7f9c-555f-4db6-86ae-d8ef2b82db7f_697x635.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fa5y!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0c2f7f9c-555f-4db6-86ae-d8ef2b82db7f_697x635.png" width="697" height="635" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/0c2f7f9c-555f-4db6-86ae-d8ef2b82db7f_697x635.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:635,&quot;width&quot;:697,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:371624,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/182734157?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0c2f7f9c-555f-4db6-86ae-d8ef2b82db7f_697x635.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fa5y!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0c2f7f9c-555f-4db6-86ae-d8ef2b82db7f_697x635.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fa5y!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0c2f7f9c-555f-4db6-86ae-d8ef2b82db7f_697x635.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fa5y!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0c2f7f9c-555f-4db6-86ae-d8ef2b82db7f_697x635.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fa5y!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0c2f7f9c-555f-4db6-86ae-d8ef2b82db7f_697x635.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h1> Dire Wolf</h1><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CeQu!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F25ff3c70-52f2-4736-90b5-6af192246c7b_1080x731.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CeQu!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F25ff3c70-52f2-4736-90b5-6af192246c7b_1080x731.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CeQu!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F25ff3c70-52f2-4736-90b5-6af192246c7b_1080x731.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CeQu!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F25ff3c70-52f2-4736-90b5-6af192246c7b_1080x731.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CeQu!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F25ff3c70-52f2-4736-90b5-6af192246c7b_1080x731.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CeQu!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F25ff3c70-52f2-4736-90b5-6af192246c7b_1080x731.webp" width="1080" height="731" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/25ff3c70-52f2-4736-90b5-6af192246c7b_1080x731.webp&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:731,&quot;width&quot;:1080,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:40536,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/webp&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/182734157?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F25ff3c70-52f2-4736-90b5-6af192246c7b_1080x731.webp&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CeQu!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F25ff3c70-52f2-4736-90b5-6af192246c7b_1080x731.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CeQu!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F25ff3c70-52f2-4736-90b5-6af192246c7b_1080x731.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CeQu!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F25ff3c70-52f2-4736-90b5-6af192246c7b_1080x731.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CeQu!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F25ff3c70-52f2-4736-90b5-6af192246c7b_1080x731.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/dire-wolves-were-not-really-wolves-new-genetic-clues-reveal/" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!odaR!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22e5d7d8-610e-4237-85d7-a0fb7d63b375_1200x821.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!odaR!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22e5d7d8-610e-4237-85d7-a0fb7d63b375_1200x821.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!odaR!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22e5d7d8-610e-4237-85d7-a0fb7d63b375_1200x821.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!odaR!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22e5d7d8-610e-4237-85d7-a0fb7d63b375_1200x821.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!odaR!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22e5d7d8-610e-4237-85d7-a0fb7d63b375_1200x821.webp" width="1200" height="821" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/22e5d7d8-610e-4237-85d7-a0fb7d63b375_1200x821.webp&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:821,&quot;width&quot;:1200,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:282528,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/webp&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/dire-wolves-were-not-really-wolves-new-genetic-clues-reveal/&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/182734157?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22e5d7d8-610e-4237-85d7-a0fb7d63b375_1200x821.webp&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!odaR!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22e5d7d8-610e-4237-85d7-a0fb7d63b375_1200x821.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!odaR!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22e5d7d8-610e-4237-85d7-a0fb7d63b375_1200x821.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!odaR!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22e5d7d8-610e-4237-85d7-a0fb7d63b375_1200x821.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!odaR!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22e5d7d8-610e-4237-85d7-a0fb7d63b375_1200x821.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h1><strong>Evaluation</strong></h1><p>If we approach the images first and foremost, it is pretty obvious that Colossal Shithouse didn&#8217;t even bother with their due diligence and just lead with the raw marketing propaganda of what a Television Series thought these mythical beasts should look like. Nothing about the Paleontologist&#8217;s cartoons of what a Dire Wolf should look like are similar in any way to the ones shown in the Series, they are not white for a start, they are larger, shorter haired, longer eared, larger with a more square head. </p><p>Now comparing the claimed &#8220;gene messed&#8221; ones with standard Arctic Wolves. Taking examples that are current in age which is around 1 yr old, they share identical features, longer pure white coat, aqualine snout, black gum-line, medium to short length ears, slight mane and completely in proportion head to body ratio. This last and most noticeable feature was one of the only claimed differences in anatomy between the Gray Wolf and Dire, yet it is absolutely clear that these Wolves do not have an enlarged head to body ratio. </p><p>It is not just Conspiracy Theorist Jamie that has noticed the glaring problems with the anatomical failures to resurrect an old Wolf. The New Scientist has done an Op Ed clearly spelling out their position  </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://www.newscientist.com/article/2475407-no-the-dire-wolf-has-not-been-brought-back-from-extinction/" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XQ7w!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F64fd7c47-1919-4a90-b1ec-4a6ef956e6e3_1081x557.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XQ7w!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F64fd7c47-1919-4a90-b1ec-4a6ef956e6e3_1081x557.png 848w, 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class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://www.newscientist.com/article/2475407-no-the-dire-wolf-has-not-been-brought-back-from-extinction/" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VFyC!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F929e985e-767f-4417-8b55-2ea456aeddd7_842x682.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VFyC!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F929e985e-767f-4417-8b55-2ea456aeddd7_842x682.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VFyC!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F929e985e-767f-4417-8b55-2ea456aeddd7_842x682.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VFyC!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F929e985e-767f-4417-8b55-2ea456aeddd7_842x682.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VFyC!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F929e985e-767f-4417-8b55-2ea456aeddd7_842x682.png" width="842" height="682" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VFyC!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F929e985e-767f-4417-8b55-2ea456aeddd7_842x682.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VFyC!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F929e985e-767f-4417-8b55-2ea456aeddd7_842x682.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VFyC!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F929e985e-767f-4417-8b55-2ea456aeddd7_842x682.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VFyC!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F929e985e-767f-4417-8b55-2ea456aeddd7_842x682.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Here we see the return of the lovable Beth Shapiro, once again kicking the can down the road with their claims at the time, stating that in April 2025 they&#8217;d &#8220;find out in a year&#8217;s time&#8221; if the genetics tampering had actually done anything. I mean, talk about obfuscation. Unfortunately for them I am not just a passive reader that would gobble up the bullshit at face value and just expect the outcomes to be good. I obviously called bullshit then and waited for when the pups had reached adolescence to compare and contrast. Would you know it! They haven&#8217;t done a fucking thing! </p><p>The last point I would like to touch on is the likelihood there is even some thing called a &#8220;Dire Wolf&#8221;, some completely different larger prehistoric wolf at all. Given my skepticism in the realms of all of these sciences I would be naive to think that Paleontologists were any different. Having sat modules in it at University, I can tell you it was all extremely tedious and subjective with claimed taxonomy. The sorting of different Trilobites into how long their claimed tentacle bits were, had me bored to tears to the point of instead skinning up a joint in the lecture theater as a pre-prep for bailing at half time. Is that really proof against it, no, but you would have to be a tedious wanker to do it professionally, is all I am saying.  </p><p></p><h1>Wolly Mice</h1><p>If you thought that Colossal NothingBurgers were going to rest on their laurels and not capitalize on their Joe Rogan Experiences with the one Psy-op, you&#8217;d be mistaken. They have run with a Christmas Special for their Social Media splurging out cute, Christmas themed pictures of mice that they claim&#8230;. wait for it&#8230; that they did their &#8220;genetic&#8221; mess with a Wolly Mammoth. Did they make it grow a trunk and tusks I hear you ask? Well of course not, remember they can&#8217;t make anything that doesn&#8217;t already exist in nature. No they claimed they made the first ever Wolly Coated mice.  </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!46T0!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd4d4689f-fa81-4f52-b5dc-8bd61c443c14_721x718.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!46T0!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd4d4689f-fa81-4f52-b5dc-8bd61c443c14_721x718.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!46T0!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd4d4689f-fa81-4f52-b5dc-8bd61c443c14_721x718.png 848w, 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class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Apart from the fact that it looks like they took a door mouse and back combed it, you can see from this picture from the puff piece on the BBC that these mice do indeed look different. One has slightly longer hair and it sticks up, although presumably is just coiffured for the cameras.</p><blockquote><h3>Q: Are there naturally long haired mice and can they be made by selective breeding?</h3><p>Yes to both parts &#8212; <strong>long-haired mice exist naturally</strong>, <em>and</em> <strong>you can get them through selective breeding</strong> &#128045;&#10024;</p><h3>&#128045; Naturally long-haired mice</h3><ul><li><p>Some mice carry <strong>natural mutations</strong> that make their fur grow longer than normal</p></li><li><p>These mutations pop up spontaneously in wild or lab populations</p></li><li><p>Famous examples:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Angora / long-haired fancy mice</strong> (common in pet breeding)</p></li><li><p><strong>&#8220;fuzzy&#8221; or &#8220;wavy&#8221; coat</strong> mutations in lab mice</p></li></ul></li></ul><p>Genetically, these often involve genes that control:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Hair growth cycle length</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Keratin structure</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Follicle signaling</strong></p></li></ul><p>So yes &#8212; no lab editing required.</p><h3>&#129516; Selective breeding</h3><p>Absolutely possible, and it&#8217;s been done for decades.</p><p>How it works:</p><ol><li><p>A mouse with slightly longer fur appears (natural mutation)</p></li><li><p>Breeders mate mice showing that trait</p></li><li><p>Over many generations, the trait becomes <strong>stable and exaggerated</strong></p></li><li><p>Result: consistently long-haired lines</p></li></ol><p>This is the same process used to create:</p><ul><li><p>long-haired cats and dogs</p></li><li><p>different coat types in rabbits</p></li><li><p>fancy mouse varieties</p></li></ul><h3>&#128300; No CRISPR needed</h3><ul><li><p>Selective breeding alone is enough</p></li><li><p>CRISPR <em>could</em> theoretically create new coat traits, but it&#8217;s unnecessary for this</p></li><li><p>Most long-haired mice you see today come from <strong>old-fashioned breeding</strong></p></li></ul><h3>&#129504; Fun detail</h3><p>Some long-haired mouse traits are:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Recessive</strong> &#8594; need two copies of the gene</p></li><li><p><strong>Temperature-sensitive</strong> &#8594; fur length changes with environment</p></li></ul><h3>Bottom line</h3><p>&#10004;&#65039; Long-haired mice occur naturally<br>&#10004;&#65039; They can be fixed and enhanced by selective breeding<br>&#10004;&#65039; Humans have already done this for a long time</p><p>If you&#8217;re curious, I can go deeper into:</p><ul><li><p>the specific genes involved</p></li><li><p>how long it takes to establish a line</p></li><li><p>or how selective breeding compares to CRISPR for traits like this  </p></li></ul></blockquote><p>Here is a fuzzy rat, credit to Craig Robbins from AFRMA (the American Fancy Rat and Mouse Association)</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-46h!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f7de3fa-fc39-4d87-8968-7257ade70082_300x270.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-46h!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f7de3fa-fc39-4d87-8968-7257ade70082_300x270.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-46h!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f7de3fa-fc39-4d87-8968-7257ade70082_300x270.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-46h!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f7de3fa-fc39-4d87-8968-7257ade70082_300x270.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-46h!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f7de3fa-fc39-4d87-8968-7257ade70082_300x270.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-46h!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f7de3fa-fc39-4d87-8968-7257ade70082_300x270.jpeg" width="300" height="270" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/5f7de3fa-fc39-4d87-8968-7257ade70082_300x270.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:270,&quot;width&quot;:300,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:26798,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/182734157?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f7de3fa-fc39-4d87-8968-7257ade70082_300x270.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-46h!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f7de3fa-fc39-4d87-8968-7257ade70082_300x270.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-46h!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f7de3fa-fc39-4d87-8968-7257ade70082_300x270.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-46h!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f7de3fa-fc39-4d87-8968-7257ade70082_300x270.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-46h!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f7de3fa-fc39-4d87-8968-7257ade70082_300x270.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Here is a naturally curly haired mouse, presumably from the 80s. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3-Q9!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9ebbfb4f-af78-477c-a494-b4c7c2dfac07_1080x1080.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3-Q9!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9ebbfb4f-af78-477c-a494-b4c7c2dfac07_1080x1080.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3-Q9!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9ebbfb4f-af78-477c-a494-b4c7c2dfac07_1080x1080.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3-Q9!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9ebbfb4f-af78-477c-a494-b4c7c2dfac07_1080x1080.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3-Q9!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9ebbfb4f-af78-477c-a494-b4c7c2dfac07_1080x1080.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3-Q9!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9ebbfb4f-af78-477c-a494-b4c7c2dfac07_1080x1080.webp" width="1080" height="1080" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3-Q9!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9ebbfb4f-af78-477c-a494-b4c7c2dfac07_1080x1080.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3-Q9!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9ebbfb4f-af78-477c-a494-b4c7c2dfac07_1080x1080.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3-Q9!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9ebbfb4f-af78-477c-a494-b4c7c2dfac07_1080x1080.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3-Q9!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9ebbfb4f-af78-477c-a494-b4c7c2dfac07_1080x1080.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Last but not least is the Natural breed the Little Satin Mouse, very well known for its long, straight ginger hair. Yes, the &#8220;Wolly Mouse&#8221; is just a Little Satin Mouse IMO. It doesn&#8217;t actually tell you which breed they IVF&#8217;d when it came to their mouse psy-op, one can only imagine it&#8217;d be too obvious.  </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eAFd!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7d6ce8a0-6203-41fb-ac54-ecd71afde606_532x357.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eAFd!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7d6ce8a0-6203-41fb-ac54-ecd71afde606_532x357.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eAFd!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7d6ce8a0-6203-41fb-ac54-ecd71afde606_532x357.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eAFd!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7d6ce8a0-6203-41fb-ac54-ecd71afde606_532x357.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eAFd!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7d6ce8a0-6203-41fb-ac54-ecd71afde606_532x357.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eAFd!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7d6ce8a0-6203-41fb-ac54-ecd71afde606_532x357.png" width="532" height="357" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eAFd!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7d6ce8a0-6203-41fb-ac54-ecd71afde606_532x357.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eAFd!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7d6ce8a0-6203-41fb-ac54-ecd71afde606_532x357.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eAFd!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7d6ce8a0-6203-41fb-ac54-ecd71afde606_532x357.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eAFd!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7d6ce8a0-6203-41fb-ac54-ecd71afde606_532x357.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NBf6!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff23f35a8-1de6-46b2-b606-ead289fcc12f_527x362.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NBf6!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff23f35a8-1de6-46b2-b606-ead289fcc12f_527x362.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NBf6!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff23f35a8-1de6-46b2-b606-ead289fcc12f_527x362.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NBf6!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff23f35a8-1de6-46b2-b606-ead289fcc12f_527x362.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NBf6!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff23f35a8-1de6-46b2-b606-ead289fcc12f_527x362.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NBf6!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff23f35a8-1de6-46b2-b606-ead289fcc12f_527x362.png" width="527" height="362" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f23f35a8-1de6-46b2-b606-ead289fcc12f_527x362.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:362,&quot;width&quot;:527,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:184269,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/182734157?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff23f35a8-1de6-46b2-b606-ead289fcc12f_527x362.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NBf6!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff23f35a8-1de6-46b2-b606-ead289fcc12f_527x362.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NBf6!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff23f35a8-1de6-46b2-b606-ead289fcc12f_527x362.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NBf6!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff23f35a8-1de6-46b2-b606-ead289fcc12f_527x362.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NBf6!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff23f35a8-1de6-46b2-b606-ead289fcc12f_527x362.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Or maybe there is a cross with an Angora, pictured blow as the coat is that much more &#8220;Wolly&#8221;, either way the resultant product of Colossal WasteofTime is totally achievable by natural means. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8SPB!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7a6767bd-44e5-4443-9ba2-77a3463cc052_400x533.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8SPB!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7a6767bd-44e5-4443-9ba2-77a3463cc052_400x533.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8SPB!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7a6767bd-44e5-4443-9ba2-77a3463cc052_400x533.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8SPB!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7a6767bd-44e5-4443-9ba2-77a3463cc052_400x533.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8SPB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7a6767bd-44e5-4443-9ba2-77a3463cc052_400x533.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8SPB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7a6767bd-44e5-4443-9ba2-77a3463cc052_400x533.jpeg" width="400" height="533" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8SPB!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7a6767bd-44e5-4443-9ba2-77a3463cc052_400x533.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8SPB!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7a6767bd-44e5-4443-9ba2-77a3463cc052_400x533.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8SPB!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7a6767bd-44e5-4443-9ba2-77a3463cc052_400x533.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8SPB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7a6767bd-44e5-4443-9ba2-77a3463cc052_400x533.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h1>The Origins of CRISPR</h1><p>This very new &#8220;technology&#8221; was &#8220;invented&#8221; (completely fabricated) just this Century. Ironically it came from a really big problem with the Germ Theory. You see, with the brainlets that propose the world is filled with air goblins, that are numbered in their trillions per cubic mete, waiting around every nook and cranny to fly into every orifice you have and slowly murder you, have built a picture of inevitable death and destruction. Their huge caveat to this scaremongery and the reason why there is life on Earth, is that we have another completely invented savior, our ImMuNe SyStEm (never before actually pictured, only proposed from claimed White Blood cells splodging about In Vitro). </p><p>The ImMuNe SyStEm is the scapegoat for all failures in the gargantuan body of mounting failures of the Germ Theory when tested. It seems however that over the last Century or two the Warp Speed at which their positive claims for just how bad the Germs were rifled out happened to massively over egg the pudding. They started claiming there were not only &#8220;Viruses&#8221; for humans but indeed there were little &#8220;Viruses&#8221; for Bacteria. Called Bacteriophages, they once again seeded this complete storytelling narrative between good and evil: There are good bacteria and bad bacteria but only bad viruses and sometimes those bad viruses kill the good bacteria so that the bad bacteria can take over. Sigh. </p><p>Problem is with this, is that Bacteria quite obviously can&#8217;t have an immune system, they are single celled organism, it is literally impossible by their own story telling for a Bacteria to &#8220;counter&#8221; a &#8220;Virus&#8221; and not die. This lead to the biggest &#8220;Oh Fuck&#8221; moment as their stories they were telling were revealed to be sticking horseshit. So what better way to wipe egg of their face th'an, not only invent a way that Bacteria do actually have a &#8220;GeNeTic ImMuNe SysTeM&#8221; but whilst they were in their most creative and hubristic of elements they decided that they way that Bacteria do this can be used by Humans to Control the entirety of the Genomes of the world&#8217;s populace by a thing called CRISPR. </p><p>Now, call me a Conspiracy Theorist and everything, as I usually don&#8217;t like this type of superficial evidence, but it really is pushed so far in your face it hurts. The year of arguably the greatest hoax ever pulled on humanity, 2020, the Nobel Prize for Chemistry was won by Two Females (creators by Birthing), one named Emmanuelle (  the literal name for Jesus or &#8220;God is with us&#8221; and ALSO a genetic chromosomal disease) Charpentier ( Carpenter in French- Builder, Creator, Jesus&#8217; Job) and the second lady Jennifer DouDNA that literally FUCKING HAS DNA IN HER NAME. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QYYf!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F152834d2-7028-4f01-9593-b96dc61fb22a_945x534.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QYYf!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F152834d2-7028-4f01-9593-b96dc61fb22a_945x534.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QYYf!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F152834d2-7028-4f01-9593-b96dc61fb22a_945x534.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QYYf!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F152834d2-7028-4f01-9593-b96dc61fb22a_945x534.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QYYf!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F152834d2-7028-4f01-9593-b96dc61fb22a_945x534.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QYYf!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F152834d2-7028-4f01-9593-b96dc61fb22a_945x534.png" width="945" height="534" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QYYf!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F152834d2-7028-4f01-9593-b96dc61fb22a_945x534.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QYYf!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F152834d2-7028-4f01-9593-b96dc61fb22a_945x534.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QYYf!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F152834d2-7028-4f01-9593-b96dc61fb22a_945x534.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QYYf!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F152834d2-7028-4f01-9593-b96dc61fb22a_945x534.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>If that doesn&#8217;t scream this is about a stinky psy-op as it comes I don&#8217;t know what does. But nevertheless, let&#8217;s just tie up the loose ends, the following is the Chat GPT answer to Questions on CRISPR&#8217;s history and how it works, give it a read and then we&#8217;ll evaluate underneath:  </p><blockquote><h2>&#129516; 1. CRISPR&#8217;s <em>roots</em> &#8212; discovery of the sequences</h2><p>&#128313; <strong>1987:</strong> <em>Yoshizumi Ishino</em> first noticed the unusual DNA repeats in bacteria while studying <em>E. coli</em> &#8212; but the function was unknown at the time. <br>&#128313; <strong>1990s&#8211;2000s:</strong> <em>Francisco Mojica</em> at the University of Alicante recognized that these repeating sequences appeared widely in microbes, and he later proposed their role as part of a bacterial defense system. This group also coined the name <strong>CRISPR</strong> (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats).</p><p>So CRISPR sequences were <em>observed first</em>, but not yet known to edit genes.</p><div><hr></div><h2>&#129514; 2. CRISPR&#8217;s immune function &#8212; showing the mechanism</h2><p>In the 2000s, studies (e.g., Barrangou &amp; Horvath) showed experimentally that CRISPR systems help bacteria defend against viruses: bacteria incorporate pieces of viral DNA into their own genome, and then use that information to recognize and cut the virus&#8217;s DNA on re-infection.</p><div><hr></div><h2>&#9986;&#65039; 3. Gene-editing breakthrough &#8212; Doudna &amp; Charpentier (2012)</h2><p>The <em>major breakthrough</em> that turned CRISPR into a gene-editing tool came in <strong>2012</strong>:</p><p><strong>Key inventors:</strong><br>&#9989; <strong>Emmanuelle Charpentier</strong> (then at Ume&#229; University)<br>&#9989; <strong>Jennifer Doudna</strong> (UC Berkeley)<br>They showed that the bacterial CRISPR-Cas9 system could be <strong>programmed to cut DNA at a chosen sequence using guide RNA</strong> &#8212; in a controlled biochemical experiment outside of cells.</p><p><strong>Exact method (in vitro proof):</strong></p><ol><li><p>Isolated the bacterial enzyme <strong>Cas9</strong>, which naturally cuts DNA.</p></li><li><p>Identified that Cas9 used <strong>two RNA molecules</strong> (crRNA + tracrRNA) in bacteria.</p></li><li><p>They <strong>joined crRNA and tracrRNA into a single &#8220;guide RNA&#8221;</strong> (sgRNA), which could be synthetically programmed to match any target DNA sequence.</p></li><li><p>Mixed the Cas9 protein and guide RNA with sample DNA in a test tube.</p></li><li><p><strong>Result:</strong> the Cas9 complex cut the DNA specifically at the sequence dictated by the guide RNA &#8212; showing that CRISPR-Cas9 could be <em>programmed</em> to target and cleave chosen DNA sequences.</p></li></ol><p>This was the <em>first clear demonstration</em> that the system could be used as a <strong>programmable gene-editing tool</strong> &#8212; a huge leap from simply knowing bacteria have repeats.</p></blockquote><p></p><blockquote><h3>Q: How is Cas 9 programmed in CRISPR and how was this discovered. </h3><p><strong>Short answer:</strong></p><p><strong>How Cas9 is programmed:</strong><br>Cas9 is guided by a <strong>guide RNA (gRNA)</strong>. Scientists design the gRNA to match a specific DNA sequence, and Cas9 uses it like a GPS to find and cut that exact spot in the genome.</p><p><strong>How this was discovered:</strong><br>Researchers studying CRISPR as a <strong>bacterial immune system</strong> realized that bacteria use RNA copied from past viral DNA to guide Cas proteins to cut invading viruses. In 2012, scientists (notably Doudna and Charpentier) showed this system could be <strong>reprogrammed</strong> with custom RNA to cut any chosen DNA sequence.</p><p>That&#8217;s it&#8212;RNA tells Cas9 where to cu</p></blockquote><p></p><p></p><blockquote><h3>Q: How does RNA direct Cas9 to exact spots and how it does this in a solution in liquid state</h3><p>Great question &#8212; this is the <em>core magic</em> of CRISPR. I&#8217;ll walk it step-by-step and keep it <strong>conceptual</strong>, not lab-instructiony.</p><div><hr></div><h2>1&#65039;&#8419; How RNA &#8220;knows&#8221; where to go: base pairing</h2><p>The key idea is <strong>complementary base pairing</strong>.</p><ul><li><p>RNA and DNA follow strict rules:</p><ul><li><p>A &#8596; T (or U in RNA)</p></li><li><p>C &#8596; G</p></li></ul></li><li><p>If two sequences are complementary, they naturally <strong>stick together</strong> via hydrogen bonds</p></li></ul><h3>Guide RNA (gRNA)</h3><ul><li><p>About <strong>20 nucleotides long</strong> in its targeting region</p></li><li><p>Designed to be <strong>complementary to one specific DNA sequence</strong></p></li><li><p>That 20-base sequence is statistically <em>very</em> likely to be unique in a genome</p></li></ul><p>So the RNA doesn&#8217;t &#8220;search intelligently&#8221; &#8212; it just <strong>binds wherever the sequence matches</strong>.</p><div><hr></div><h2>2&#65039;&#8419; Cas9 + RNA = a programmable machine</h2><p>Cas9 by itself is just a protein that can cut DNA &#8212; but it&#8217;s <strong>inactive</strong> until RNA binds to it.</p><p>When guide RNA binds Cas9:</p><ul><li><p>Cas9 <strong>changes shape</strong></p></li><li><p>This exposes:</p><ul><li><p>an RNA-binding channel</p></li><li><p>a DNA-binding groove</p></li><li><p>the catalytic cutting sites</p></li></ul></li></ul><p>Think of it like:</p><blockquote><p>Cas9 = locked scissors<br>RNA = the key that unlocks and aims them</p></blockquote><div><hr></div><h2>3&#65039;&#8419; How targeting works <em>in liquid solution</em></h2><p>This is important: <strong>nothing is fixed in place</strong>.</p><p>In solution:</p><ul><li><p>Cas9&#8211;RNA complexes</p></li><li><p>DNA molecules</p></li><li><p>water molecules<br>are all moving constantly via <strong>Brownian motion</strong></p></li></ul><p>So targeting works by <strong>random collisions</strong>, not directed travel.</p><h3>Step-by-step in solution:</h3><ol><li><p>Cas9&#8211;RNA complexes <strong>bump into DNA randomly</strong></p></li><li><p>Cas9 briefly grabs the DNA and checks:</p><ul><li><p>&#8220;Is there a PAM sequence here?&#8221;</p></li></ul></li></ol></blockquote><p></p><h1>EVALUATION AND CONCLUSION</h1><p>If you read my other work <a href="https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/dissolving-dna-illusions?r=27c5yh">Dissolving DNA Illusions </a>in it, it lays out exactly how absurd the genetics claim is relating to basic common sense and even Science&#8217;s own laws of Physics. All of the machinations of &#8220;genetics&#8221; occur in liquid state, so it is impossible to have a physical string of nucleotides to start with, the downstream claims from here are just piling on the absurdities. </p><p>Directly relating to the CRISPR psy-op, they first &#8220;isolated&#8221; an &#8220;enzyme&#8221;, to do this they assumed it was there (literally), &#8220;copied is genome&#8221;, squirted it on some more bacteria and &#8220;genetically sequenced it&#8221; and found what they assumed was in there. It is a whole magic roundabout of circular reasoning to even get the claimed &#8220;enzyme&#8221; which is not a physical thing that you can see but a presupposed &#8220;Bio&#8221;chemical circular reasoned into existence by inferences. </p><p>This &#8220;enzyme&#8221; claims to &#8220;cut&#8221;, yes literally cut a piece of &#8220;DNA&#8221;. This totally mental anthropomorphism of an invisible chemical in a liquids ability to &#8220;cut&#8221; an invisible strand of chemical also in a liquid is already a complete farce, but it gets better: the entire claim of CRISPR is that a special type of &#8220;RNA&#8221; called &#8220;gRNA&#8221; or &#8220;guide RNA&#8221; they claim is like a &#8220;map&#8221; and &#8220;Cas9&#8221; can &#8220;read&#8221; this &#8220;map&#8221; to &#8220;find&#8221; and &#8220;cut&#8221; the &#8220;DNA&#8221; in a specific part. The amount of quotation marks signifies every level of complete ridiculousness in this process where claimed liquids can literally use other liquids as a type of &#8220;GPS&#8221; (Their words not mine). Sorry but to believe that is possible, you have to be monumentally retarded and gullible.  </p><p>So this is a Petri dish magic trick to get the results you want out of an in silico sequencer, nothing more, nothing less, you will find the inputs and primers of the sequencing are bespoke for the job:</p><blockquote><h3>Q: Are the ways that sequencing is carried out for CRISPR different interms of primer sets and library prep etc.</h3><p>Yes &#8212; <strong>sequencing for CRISPR experiments </strong><em><strong>is</strong></em><strong> different in practice</strong>, but mostly in <strong>how primers are designed and how libraries are framed</strong>, not because sequencing itself is new or special. </p></blockquote><p>Hence here is the trick on full display, it has nothing to do with any end product just a manufacturing of Oligonucleotides (Synthesized chemical soup) that gives you want you want to look for. </p><p>The easiest way to tell they are talking fucking bollocks is in the End END result, where they claim they can edit genes of living things. Can they make a Leopard with the trunk of an elephant or a Dog with gills? NO they can&#8217;t. So they try and con you with things that already exist in Nature like Arctic Wolves or Fancy Rats and tell you that they have fucked with their genetics to look like that. Ultimately it is just a money laundering exercise: Here is a mouse, it costs $5. Now here is exactly the same mouse but its Hybrid Genetic traits crossed with Trex genes , make its teeth slightly more sharp (probably), $5000. </p><p>It is complete crap and the living embodiment of what Science is, a propaganda tool, a marketing exercise a Ponzi scheme for the state, no more no less.  </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="http://buymeacoffee.com/controlstudies" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7avp!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F603076d3-266a-42f2-b145-012353eb5a45_535x265.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7avp!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F603076d3-266a-42f2-b145-012353eb5a45_535x265.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7avp!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F603076d3-266a-42f2-b145-012353eb5a45_535x265.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7avp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F603076d3-266a-42f2-b145-012353eb5a45_535x265.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7avp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F603076d3-266a-42f2-b145-012353eb5a45_535x265.png" width="535" height="265" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/603076d3-266a-42f2-b145-012353eb5a45_535x265.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:265,&quot;width&quot;:535,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:39775,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;http://buymeacoffee.com/controlstudies&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/182734157?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F603076d3-266a-42f2-b145-012353eb5a45_535x265.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7avp!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F603076d3-266a-42f2-b145-012353eb5a45_535x265.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7avp!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F603076d3-266a-42f2-b145-012353eb5a45_535x265.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7avp!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F603076d3-266a-42f2-b145-012353eb5a45_535x265.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7avp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F603076d3-266a-42f2-b145-012353eb5a45_535x265.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>This article is available as a downloadable Ebook on Shadow Banned Library.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://shadowbannedlibrary.com/collections/browse-by-author-jamie-andrews" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ugH5!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6c430e1-554c-4e53-ab9e-09c47ee57b38_1851x1036.png 424w, 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class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Contagion Debunked in 2026]]></title><description><![CDATA[A verification of the most natural pathways of Contagion tested this year.]]></description><link>https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/contagion-debunked-in-2026</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/contagion-debunked-in-2026</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Jamie Andrews]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 21 Jan 2026 16:30:21 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/5eba7698-4e07-4a64-a07c-c1acf9dcb3be_450x513.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Annual Subscription is being kept at the incredibly low price of just $30. Please consider donating to the largest Crowdsourced and Opensourced experiments falsifying Virology. Thank you.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp" width="337" height="502" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:502,&quot;width&quot;:337,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:12798,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/webp&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/182726447?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftws!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F364b5c47-53cd-451b-a308-f827fd1aaf14_337x502.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The Virology Controls Studies Project is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p>It&#8217;s Jan 2026 but we are returning back to the Old Skool, the nostalgic feelings of Circa 2020 where we revisit the fundamentals of revealing the Germ Theory Fraud, by looking at Published and Peer Reviewed Contagion Studies. This was the way I truly understood that Contagion of Biological pathogens was a Myth and that your neighbor couldn&#8217;t kill you with a misplaced sneeze, it alleviated all the fear on social situations. It made me analyse my own diet, health practices, psychology, really a fundamental overhaul to my life based on the principle really that my health (and my children&#8217;s health) was 100% MY responsibility. Once you take that scary step to putting complete ownership about what you put into your body it makes life a lot easier, it is a positive reinforcing cycle where bad decisions and habits are easier to avoid and you think and feel with clarity and focus. </p><p>So I am in no small measure indebted to the absolute scumbag virologists for failing so miserably these 200 years of Contagion studies that I read in 2020. If they had not have tried what they thought was torturing a bunch of people with their made-up viruses, I don&#8217;t think many people would have had the gumption to go after the &#8220;viral&#8221; existence question and also be awakened to the Reality of our Terrain. </p><p>These Contagion studies on the face of them really aren&#8217;t completely obvious to the casual observer, the sheer weight of them has been thudded down on my digital desk numerous times where the ThuddER has been ThuddING because they felt that these contained evidence that Contagion had been proved. Ironically the only thing this proved is that they hadn&#8217;t actually read them and just gleaned the titles or mealy mouthed abstracts explaining away failures with jargon and PCR tests. The other thing to note is that on balance a lot of the more &#8220;truer&#8221; Contagion studies where they simply rubbed &#8220;infected&#8221; samples into peoples faces happened at least in the 20th Century. This being another faux bargaining chip of the Medical Industrial Complex chiefs that roam t&#8217;interweb.</p><p>So imagine my glee when I got passed a paper by my friend and friend to the Virology Control Studies Project, Marvin Haverland, a Contagion study, released in January 2026, not only that but a followup to the eponymous work of Jonathan Van Tam, the meatball headed Chief Medical Officer of the UK through the Scamdemic. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32658939/" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AeUV!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7f1edc08-31ab-498d-a6da-b2b532d55992_1221x435.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AeUV!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7f1edc08-31ab-498d-a6da-b2b532d55992_1221x435.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AeUV!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7f1edc08-31ab-498d-a6da-b2b532d55992_1221x435.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AeUV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7f1edc08-31ab-498d-a6da-b2b532d55992_1221x435.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AeUV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7f1edc08-31ab-498d-a6da-b2b532d55992_1221x435.png" width="1221" height="435" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AeUV!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7f1edc08-31ab-498d-a6da-b2b532d55992_1221x435.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AeUV!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7f1edc08-31ab-498d-a6da-b2b532d55992_1221x435.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AeUV!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7f1edc08-31ab-498d-a6da-b2b532d55992_1221x435.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AeUV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7f1edc08-31ab-498d-a6da-b2b532d55992_1221x435.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>It was for plastering this study on every Digital Corkboard on the internet that I was nuked from Twitter in 2021 as it came with the caption &#8220;The Chief Medical Officer, Jonathan Van Tam is a fraud that knows Contagion of Viruses is a myth&#8221;. It came with that caption because that is the truth. You see as noted above a casual observer to this paper might mistake the word &#8220;Minimal&#8221; for there being &#8230;. well&#8230;. Minimal transmission, but SOME. Where in actual fact the word he was looking for was &#8220;FUCKALL&#8221; transmission occurred, maybe Buggerall or Nada (delete where applicable) </p><p>Please read the article <a href="https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/scientists-tried-to-give-people-covidand">&#8220;Scientists Tried to Give People Covid&#8230; and failed&#8221; </a>this being the exact title of the Nature published &#8220;Sars Cov 2&#8221; trial. In this is a full paper breakdown of the above paper as the lead up to this. It shows Jonathan Van Tam leading both studies with the first an attempt to study &#8220;airborne&#8221; transmission routes (and failing) . Again this is quite a turn up for the books as majority of contagion studies ever conducted have required the injection of some sort of gloop into the skull or chest cavity of a defenseless animal. So when they looked to see if actually a Six yard Social Distancing rule that the MeatBall Mafia imposed whilst being at the political helm was actually of any use. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1013153#ppat.1013153.ref007" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ltwC!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F45c908e1-8b77-42e2-8da0-ab462ed903e4_971x397.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ltwC!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F45c908e1-8b77-42e2-8da0-ab462ed903e4_971x397.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ltwC!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F45c908e1-8b77-42e2-8da0-ab462ed903e4_971x397.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ltwC!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F45c908e1-8b77-42e2-8da0-ab462ed903e4_971x397.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ltwC!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F45c908e1-8b77-42e2-8da0-ab462ed903e4_971x397.png" width="971" height="397" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ltwC!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F45c908e1-8b77-42e2-8da0-ab462ed903e4_971x397.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ltwC!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F45c908e1-8b77-42e2-8da0-ab462ed903e4_971x397.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ltwC!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F45c908e1-8b77-42e2-8da0-ab462ed903e4_971x397.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ltwC!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F45c908e1-8b77-42e2-8da0-ab462ed903e4_971x397.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Rejoice, here is the paper, published January 2026 and it actually holds its hands up: We have moved from &#8220;minimal&#8221; to LACK!!!! of transmission. They cite the reason for carrying out this study was because of a previous failed study that produced &#8220;minimal&#8221; transmission, this word should hopefully have the same trigger for you as it did for me, as despite them not dropping a reference number for the Appendix, we can probably have a wild stab in the dark as to which paper they are talking about. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YN9-!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F04192671-006d-4914-ae28-5bdc7c35a7f6_713x128.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YN9-!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F04192671-006d-4914-ae28-5bdc7c35a7f6_713x128.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YN9-!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F04192671-006d-4914-ae28-5bdc7c35a7f6_713x128.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YN9-!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F04192671-006d-4914-ae28-5bdc7c35a7f6_713x128.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YN9-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F04192671-006d-4914-ae28-5bdc7c35a7f6_713x128.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YN9-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F04192671-006d-4914-ae28-5bdc7c35a7f6_713x128.png" width="713" height="128" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/04192671-006d-4914-ae28-5bdc7c35a7f6_713x128.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:128,&quot;width&quot;:713,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:16113,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/184582681?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F04192671-006d-4914-ae28-5bdc7c35a7f6_713x128.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YN9-!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F04192671-006d-4914-ae28-5bdc7c35a7f6_713x128.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YN9-!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F04192671-006d-4914-ae28-5bdc7c35a7f6_713x128.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YN9-!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F04192671-006d-4914-ae28-5bdc7c35a7f6_713x128.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YN9-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F04192671-006d-4914-ae28-5bdc7c35a7f6_713x128.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>You have to go pretty deep into the paper to actually find confirmation that yes indeed they are referencing this mega derp in &#8220;scientific&#8221; terms. I would like to think (and I probably will) that I played a part in the forcing this paper to occur. I obviously made their palms sweaty enough to ban me from social media simply for sharing the truth of this paper, so I don&#8217;t think it is a massive leap to think that they may have followed this up to try and get a result in another study. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q0SP!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcf8752a2-04b5-423e-b54e-b51a0164b382_702x315.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q0SP!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcf8752a2-04b5-423e-b54e-b51a0164b382_702x315.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q0SP!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcf8752a2-04b5-423e-b54e-b51a0164b382_702x315.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q0SP!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcf8752a2-04b5-423e-b54e-b51a0164b382_702x315.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q0SP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcf8752a2-04b5-423e-b54e-b51a0164b382_702x315.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q0SP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcf8752a2-04b5-423e-b54e-b51a0164b382_702x315.png" width="702" height="315" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/cf8752a2-04b5-423e-b54e-b51a0164b382_702x315.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:315,&quot;width&quot;:702,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:47587,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/184582681?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcf8752a2-04b5-423e-b54e-b51a0164b382_702x315.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q0SP!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcf8752a2-04b5-423e-b54e-b51a0164b382_702x315.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q0SP!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcf8752a2-04b5-423e-b54e-b51a0164b382_702x315.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q0SP!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcf8752a2-04b5-423e-b54e-b51a0164b382_702x315.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q0SP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcf8752a2-04b5-423e-b54e-b51a0164b382_702x315.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kwUZ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb9b9a454-c28f-4a14-8f57-383d1f2b89af_677x133.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kwUZ!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb9b9a454-c28f-4a14-8f57-383d1f2b89af_677x133.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kwUZ!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb9b9a454-c28f-4a14-8f57-383d1f2b89af_677x133.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kwUZ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb9b9a454-c28f-4a14-8f57-383d1f2b89af_677x133.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kwUZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb9b9a454-c28f-4a14-8f57-383d1f2b89af_677x133.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kwUZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb9b9a454-c28f-4a14-8f57-383d1f2b89af_677x133.png" width="677" height="133" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/b9b9a454-c28f-4a14-8f57-383d1f2b89af_677x133.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:133,&quot;width&quot;:677,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:15593,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/184582681?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb9b9a454-c28f-4a14-8f57-383d1f2b89af_677x133.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kwUZ!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb9b9a454-c28f-4a14-8f57-383d1f2b89af_677x133.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kwUZ!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb9b9a454-c28f-4a14-8f57-383d1f2b89af_677x133.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kwUZ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb9b9a454-c28f-4a14-8f57-383d1f2b89af_677x133.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kwUZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb9b9a454-c28f-4a14-8f57-383d1f2b89af_677x133.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>The premise of this study was fairly simple;  to give people a snoot of what they believed to be &#8220;pure Virus&#8221; and then trap them in a room with healthy mostly unvaccinated people, getting them to cough into the room and hope that one of the non-existent pathogens flies out of their mouth and &#8216;infects&#8221; someone, anyone.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QVQA!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbfdd37f0-7c89-46f9-9ae0-1aa218addfaf_868x776.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QVQA!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbfdd37f0-7c89-46f9-9ae0-1aa218addfaf_868x776.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QVQA!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbfdd37f0-7c89-46f9-9ae0-1aa218addfaf_868x776.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QVQA!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbfdd37f0-7c89-46f9-9ae0-1aa218addfaf_868x776.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QVQA!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbfdd37f0-7c89-46f9-9ae0-1aa218addfaf_868x776.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QVQA!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbfdd37f0-7c89-46f9-9ae0-1aa218addfaf_868x776.png" width="868" height="776" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/bfdd37f0-7c89-46f9-9ae0-1aa218addfaf_868x776.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:776,&quot;width&quot;:868,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:275021,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/184582681?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbfdd37f0-7c89-46f9-9ae0-1aa218addfaf_868x776.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QVQA!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbfdd37f0-7c89-46f9-9ae0-1aa218addfaf_868x776.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QVQA!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbfdd37f0-7c89-46f9-9ae0-1aa218addfaf_868x776.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QVQA!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbfdd37f0-7c89-46f9-9ae0-1aa218addfaf_868x776.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QVQA!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbfdd37f0-7c89-46f9-9ae0-1aa218addfaf_868x776.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Let&#8217;s cut to the chase, it was always going to be difficult to keep this somewhat a mystery with the clue being in the title, but this excerpt in the Abstract shows the absolute devastating conclusion of the results: &#8220;NO RECIPIENT DEVELOPED INFLUENZA-LIKE ILLNESS, PCR-POSITIVE RESPIRATORY SAMPLES, OR SEROLOGICAL EVIDENCE OF INFECTION&#8221;. In fact this is absolutely identical results to the first &#8220;Natural Transmission&#8221; paper, the difference being, that they make absolutely no bones about this confirmation that indeed, Contagion of Biological Pathogens in a Hoax.</p><p>They do go on to potentially try and offer an explanation for why they failed so hard, this excuse came in the format of &#8220;not coughing enough&#8221; and blaming the &#8220;seasons&#8221;. It is as limp excuse as it comes, the Controlled Human Infection Model version of &#8220;the dog ate my homework&#8221;. It really takes some mental gymnastics to not question after verification with unanimous 100% results to 5000 significant figures standard deviation that maybe, just maybe there might be something dodgy going on with the Germ Theory of disease? Non?  </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!N3nk!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdbf1d634-3855-4923-b7ca-1e6207267629_737x622.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!N3nk!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdbf1d634-3855-4923-b7ca-1e6207267629_737x622.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!N3nk!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdbf1d634-3855-4923-b7ca-1e6207267629_737x622.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!N3nk!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdbf1d634-3855-4923-b7ca-1e6207267629_737x622.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!N3nk!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdbf1d634-3855-4923-b7ca-1e6207267629_737x622.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!N3nk!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdbf1d634-3855-4923-b7ca-1e6207267629_737x622.png" width="737" height="622" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/dbf1d634-3855-4923-b7ca-1e6207267629_737x622.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:622,&quot;width&quot;:737,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:90587,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/184582681?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdbf1d634-3855-4923-b7ca-1e6207267629_737x622.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!N3nk!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdbf1d634-3855-4923-b7ca-1e6207267629_737x622.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!N3nk!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdbf1d634-3855-4923-b7ca-1e6207267629_737x622.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!N3nk!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdbf1d634-3855-4923-b7ca-1e6207267629_737x622.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!N3nk!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdbf1d634-3855-4923-b7ca-1e6207267629_737x622.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>The Medical Industry Complex Brainlets that read my work always love to try and find the loophole to do with their favorite ClotShots intervening in the way of these bombastic results. With many of the contagion studies you have to go to the control group as they blame the lack of &#8220;Germ-ing&#8221; on the fact that they are vaccine trials because it is an open goal, inject with crap, give non existent &#8220;virus&#8221; nothing happens immediately, Vax worked pack up, go home and develop lifelong asthma 6 months later, blame it on non existent viruses, the circle continues. </p><p>So for those guys you will see that just 2 out of the 11 (18%) had been &#8220;vaccinated&#8221;, their results being identical to the rest.  </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FOtY!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff8bfe5ae-ede3-4c3b-8b2f-cd517d4904a5_1480x447.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FOtY!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff8bfe5ae-ede3-4c3b-8b2f-cd517d4904a5_1480x447.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FOtY!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff8bfe5ae-ede3-4c3b-8b2f-cd517d4904a5_1480x447.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FOtY!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff8bfe5ae-ede3-4c3b-8b2f-cd517d4904a5_1480x447.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FOtY!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff8bfe5ae-ede3-4c3b-8b2f-cd517d4904a5_1480x447.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FOtY!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff8bfe5ae-ede3-4c3b-8b2f-cd517d4904a5_1480x447.png" width="1456" height="440" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f8bfe5ae-ede3-4c3b-8b2f-cd517d4904a5_1480x447.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:440,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:203075,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/184582681?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff8bfe5ae-ede3-4c3b-8b2f-cd517d4904a5_1480x447.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FOtY!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff8bfe5ae-ede3-4c3b-8b2f-cd517d4904a5_1480x447.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FOtY!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff8bfe5ae-ede3-4c3b-8b2f-cd517d4904a5_1480x447.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FOtY!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff8bfe5ae-ede3-4c3b-8b2f-cd517d4904a5_1480x447.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FOtY!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff8bfe5ae-ede3-4c3b-8b2f-cd517d4904a5_1480x447.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>They PCR tested the donors, i.e the people they gave what they considered to be a pure &#8220;virus&#8221; up their nose. When they sneezed presumably they either tried to bag the sneeze or maybe furiously swat at the air with a Q Tip. Either way only 44% of them tested positive for the thing they just put up their nose. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IoTB!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F01604bd9-cd40-4e07-9881-43a796c15ab1_688x327.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IoTB!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F01604bd9-cd40-4e07-9881-43a796c15ab1_688x327.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IoTB!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F01604bd9-cd40-4e07-9881-43a796c15ab1_688x327.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IoTB!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F01604bd9-cd40-4e07-9881-43a796c15ab1_688x327.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IoTB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F01604bd9-cd40-4e07-9881-43a796c15ab1_688x327.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IoTB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F01604bd9-cd40-4e07-9881-43a796c15ab1_688x327.png" width="688" height="327" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/01604bd9-cd40-4e07-9881-43a796c15ab1_688x327.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:327,&quot;width&quot;:688,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:38089,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/184582681?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F01604bd9-cd40-4e07-9881-43a796c15ab1_688x327.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IoTB!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F01604bd9-cd40-4e07-9881-43a796c15ab1_688x327.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IoTB!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F01604bd9-cd40-4e07-9881-43a796c15ab1_688x327.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IoTB!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F01604bd9-cd40-4e07-9881-43a796c15ab1_688x327.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IoTB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F01604bd9-cd40-4e07-9881-43a796c15ab1_688x327.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2>The Symptoms Fraud. </h2><p>Throughout certainly all of the modern papers I heavily focus on the claimed symptoms logged in these papers. This is the area where, if left unchecked and not cross referenced, dare I say it like Mr. Roytas does, one could be mistaken for there actually being <em>some</em> symptoms present. This is not the case. When you use the benchmark of papers such as this or the &#8220;Covid&#8221; trial in Nature where they readily admit that &#8220;nobody got sick with an ILI ( Influenza Like Illness)&#8221; when they log identical low grade symptoms of things like &#8220;malaise&#8221; or &#8220;Rhinitus (itchy nose)&#8221;you know damned well the papers that DO claim they &#8220;infected&#8221;people because of positive PCR tests are shown to be lying. </p><p>This can be once again clearly demonstrated here. As with all of these, the symptoms were self reported, leaving the obvious total Soyence believers they must be to sign up for a clinical trial, to let their active imagination run wild. When the scoring extremes for these symptoms is not &#8220;Hospitalization for the claimed pure pathogen squidged directly up the nasal passages&#8221; but indeed &#8220;bothersome, most of the time&#8221; you can be sure that there were no symptoms of true disease.  In fact in the 200 years of contagion studies there has never been a single hospitalization for symptoms of of the probably close to a quarter of a million people experimented on. That really is a fact that cuts through the bullshit of Contagion.   </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hy32!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa9cfc8bd-0473-482c-aae0-1c4768aa218b_682x216.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hy32!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa9cfc8bd-0473-482c-aae0-1c4768aa218b_682x216.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hy32!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa9cfc8bd-0473-482c-aae0-1c4768aa218b_682x216.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hy32!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa9cfc8bd-0473-482c-aae0-1c4768aa218b_682x216.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hy32!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa9cfc8bd-0473-482c-aae0-1c4768aa218b_682x216.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hy32!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa9cfc8bd-0473-482c-aae0-1c4768aa218b_682x216.png" width="682" height="216" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/a9cfc8bd-0473-482c-aae0-1c4768aa218b_682x216.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:216,&quot;width&quot;:682,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:24775,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/184582681?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa9cfc8bd-0473-482c-aae0-1c4768aa218b_682x216.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hy32!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa9cfc8bd-0473-482c-aae0-1c4768aa218b_682x216.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hy32!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa9cfc8bd-0473-482c-aae0-1c4768aa218b_682x216.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hy32!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa9cfc8bd-0473-482c-aae0-1c4768aa218b_682x216.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hy32!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa9cfc8bd-0473-482c-aae0-1c4768aa218b_682x216.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Blink and you might miss this massive egg on face here; &#8220;With MOST Recipients reporting MORE symptoms after exposure to a donor&#8221;. Let&#8217;s break this down real quick. The healthy participants who were merely forced to play Uno with people with Cell Culture squirted oop thine noses, reported MORE symptoms AFTER. This suggests that they also reported symptoms BEFORE the claimed &#8220;exposure&#8221; event even happened. This is a bit of a dead giveaway that when you give a bunch of Purple Haired, Soyence enthusiasts a multiple choice questionnaire on &#8220;How They Feel&#8221;, they are going be creative and massively over sensitive with it. I mean we could already guess given, once again the benchmark that they said nobody got sick. But this really should be concrete proof to extend to ALL other trials throughout history where there is some sort of ambiguity. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5Nqp!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4777fd00-797b-4cb6-b4f9-533250658873_702x152.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5Nqp!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4777fd00-797b-4cb6-b4f9-533250658873_702x152.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5Nqp!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4777fd00-797b-4cb6-b4f9-533250658873_702x152.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5Nqp!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4777fd00-797b-4cb6-b4f9-533250658873_702x152.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5Nqp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4777fd00-797b-4cb6-b4f9-533250658873_702x152.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5Nqp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4777fd00-797b-4cb6-b4f9-533250658873_702x152.png" width="702" height="152" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/4777fd00-797b-4cb6-b4f9-533250658873_702x152.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:152,&quot;width&quot;:702,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:22142,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/184582681?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4777fd00-797b-4cb6-b4f9-533250658873_702x152.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5Nqp!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4777fd00-797b-4cb6-b4f9-533250658873_702x152.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5Nqp!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4777fd00-797b-4cb6-b4f9-533250658873_702x152.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5Nqp!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4777fd00-797b-4cb6-b4f9-533250658873_702x152.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5Nqp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4777fd00-797b-4cb6-b4f9-533250658873_702x152.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Surprise surprise, the most extreme &#8220;symptoms&#8221; logged were bothersome headaches and malaise. Two completely arbitrary &#8220;symptoms&#8221;that in this scenario are clearly only indicative of their mental state. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!o903!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F66b644b5-f219-48cc-9111-d59c7cd26f9e_868x402.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!o903!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F66b644b5-f219-48cc-9111-d59c7cd26f9e_868x402.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!o903!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F66b644b5-f219-48cc-9111-d59c7cd26f9e_868x402.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!o903!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F66b644b5-f219-48cc-9111-d59c7cd26f9e_868x402.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!o903!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F66b644b5-f219-48cc-9111-d59c7cd26f9e_868x402.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!o903!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F66b644b5-f219-48cc-9111-d59c7cd26f9e_868x402.png" width="868" height="402" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/66b644b5-f219-48cc-9111-d59c7cd26f9e_868x402.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:402,&quot;width&quot;:868,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:104191,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/i/184582681?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F66b644b5-f219-48cc-9111-d59c7cd26f9e_868x402.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!o903!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F66b644b5-f219-48cc-9111-d59c7cd26f9e_868x402.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!o903!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F66b644b5-f219-48cc-9111-d59c7cd26f9e_868x402.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!o903!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F66b644b5-f219-48cc-9111-d59c7cd26f9e_868x402.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!o903!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F66b644b5-f219-48cc-9111-d59c7cd26f9e_868x402.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>In the left hand column this is the one that constantly comes up logged as a Symptom in these modern Contagion Studies; Stuffy Nose. Sometimes they class it as the more proper and scary, Rhinitis, but here, fair game to them, they just call it a stuff nose. </p><p>It is extremely easy to explain why a lot of people, despite not recording actually get sick, still do seem to have a stuffy nose. In this case it is from the Mid-Turbinate Swabbing for PCR. This particular swab is the one they claimed necessary during the scamdemic. It is a procedure that believe it or not has actually lead to a few deaths, due to immediate physical trauma and or massive post infection. </p><p>So it is no wonder that they mostly report having stuffy noses as they are having the delicate tissue of the nasal passages raped by a stiff brush wielding meatball headed maniac multiple times a day.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MOOC!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6212926b-8c2f-4425-bda9-2134494806b0_707x233.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MOOC!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6212926b-8c2f-4425-bda9-2134494806b0_707x233.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MOOC!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6212926b-8c2f-4425-bda9-2134494806b0_707x233.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MOOC!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6212926b-8c2f-4425-bda9-2134494806b0_707x233.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MOOC!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6212926b-8c2f-4425-bda9-2134494806b0_707x233.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MOOC!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6212926b-8c2f-4425-bda9-2134494806b0_707x233.png" width="707" height="233" 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class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UkaS!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fae6fc509-f8cd-4dc5-adc0-f6466cf22a79_225x224.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UkaS!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fae6fc509-f8cd-4dc5-adc0-f6466cf22a79_225x224.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UkaS!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fae6fc509-f8cd-4dc5-adc0-f6466cf22a79_225x224.jpeg 848w, 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UkaS!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fae6fc509-f8cd-4dc5-adc0-f6466cf22a79_225x224.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UkaS!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fae6fc509-f8cd-4dc5-adc0-f6466cf22a79_225x224.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UkaS!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fae6fc509-f8cd-4dc5-adc0-f6466cf22a79_225x224.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UkaS!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fae6fc509-f8cd-4dc5-adc0-f6466cf22a79_225x224.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://jclinmedcasereports.com/articles/OJCMCR-1694.pdf" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XfSi!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F999a5e3e-4453-4c34-a48a-f5d32c673f8b_1173x382.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XfSi!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F999a5e3e-4453-4c34-a48a-f5d32c673f8b_1173x382.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XfSi!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F999a5e3e-4453-4c34-a48a-f5d32c673f8b_1173x382.png 1272w, 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XfSi!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F999a5e3e-4453-4c34-a48a-f5d32c673f8b_1173x382.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XfSi!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F999a5e3e-4453-4c34-a48a-f5d32c673f8b_1173x382.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XfSi!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F999a5e3e-4453-4c34-a48a-f5d32c673f8b_1173x382.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XfSi!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F999a5e3e-4453-4c34-a48a-f5d32c673f8b_1173x382.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h1>CONCLUSION</h1><p>It could not be any more of a modern study looking at Contagion, all of the most up to date methods and controlled environments that some of the largest Scientific bodies can pay for, conducted by some of the most notable and well decorated Virologists and Epidemiologists such as Neil Ferguson ( famous for his ridiculous modelling of &#8220;Covid&#8221; death prediction) and Jonathan Van Tam the Chief Medical Officer of the UK through the Scamdemic. If you are looking only for a checkbox of mainstream Scientific Authority, of Published Peer Reviewed Science with which you build your worldview around, then look no further. The results of this verification of an initial paper studying &#8220;natural&#8221; Transmissions pathways are absolutely, totally and utterly, unequivocally settled. </p><p>Over the course of 2 separate trials, testing the claimed major natural pathway of airborne &#8220;viral&#8221; transmission, the results were unanimous and catastrophic; an admittance that ZERO people were infected, ZERO people tested PCR positive and ZERO people tested Immunologically positive. In Scientific terms, this to any Intellectually honest person means that the idea of Airborne Transmission of &#8220;Viruses&#8221; is debunked, it MUST be thrown in the garbage as a failed theory, any other response to it must be met with contempt and ridicule as being entirely Pseudo-scientific and based on Dogma rather than their own Scientific results.   </p><p>Despite there being a couple of centuries worth of Contagion studies where they rub and squirt their Cell Cultured goop into available orifices resulting in no symptoms, the times that they have conducted these claimed, or as near as could be, &#8220;natural&#8221; transmission routes could be counted on one hand. 3 to be precise, one in 1918 the Rosenau trials was part of it, &#8220;infected&#8221; people coughing in the face of healthy people and the two mentioned here. They all had the same results of unanimously failing.</p><p>The fact that the entire premise of LockingDown 3.5 Billion people in 2020 was predicated on the claimed &#8220;settled Science&#8221; that Sars Cov 2 was an Airborne respiratory pathogen. The fact that in many countries, residents were forcibly told to put masks over their face including school children based on this claim. The fact that the idea that people should inject themselves with a bunch of toxic shit was perpetually rammed in people&#8217;s faces was based on this claim. Yet when you actually look at the Controlled Scientific circumstances when they have tested this claim out, it not only fails, it is a cataclysmic disaster, such ubiquitous failure it should be embarrassing to talk about the subject. Futhermore it makes the politicians and State Apparatchiks who closed down small businesses, fined people for non compliance, even arrested some in some cases based on these should be grounds for legal recourse to the highest extent.  </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="http://buymeacoffee.com/controlstudies" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ix9w!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0f002bb-2c27-40dc-8b5b-49c6d35f201e_535x265.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ix9w!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0f002bb-2c27-40dc-8b5b-49c6d35f201e_535x265.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ix9w!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0f002bb-2c27-40dc-8b5b-49c6d35f201e_535x265.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ix9w!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0f002bb-2c27-40dc-8b5b-49c6d35f201e_535x265.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ix9w!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0f002bb-2c27-40dc-8b5b-49c6d35f201e_535x265.png" width="535" height="265" 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class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>This Article will be added to the Shadow Banned Library where it will be available as an EBook download, Link Below. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://shadowbannedlibrary.com/collections/browse-by-author-jamie-andrews" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hcAQ!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7eba2468-34c7-40b6-bcd4-b83f3aef7bfc_1851x1036.png 424w, 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stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[INTERVIEW WITH PETER AND PETE]]></title><description><![CDATA[This episode we interview Peter and Pete who run a fantastic YouTube Channel conducting control experiments and challenging the fundamentals of Chemistry.]]></description><link>https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/interview-with-peter-and-pete</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/interview-with-peter-and-pete</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Jamie Andrews]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 16 Jan 2026 17:48:17 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.substack.com/feed/podcast/183826395/3286c3d3e7c44d8cb012a0c246168469.mp3" length="0" type="audio/mpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This episode we interview Peter and Pete who run a fantastic YouTube Channel conducting control experiments and challenging the fundamentals of Chemistry.</p><p>They have a FREE e-book "100 Reasons Water Is Not H2O (Hydrogen &amp; Oxygen)" available at Smashwords can be found here - <a href="https://www.smashwords.com/books/view/930017">https://www.smashwords.com/books/view/930017</a></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/@PeterPete" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YH63!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F06dc08fb-a794-4930-ac09-a4078f341909_423x388.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YH63!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F06dc08fb-a794-4930-ac09-a4078f341909_423x388.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YH63!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F06dc08fb-a794-4930-ac09-a4078f341909_423x388.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YH63!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F06dc08fb-a794-4930-ac09-a4078f341909_423x388.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YH63!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F06dc08fb-a794-4930-ac09-a4078f341909_423x388.png" 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fetchpriority="high"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>If you have enjoyed this episode please consider contributing to the largest Opensource and Crowdsourced Scientific Falsification that is live right now. Just $30 for an annual subscription.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://controlstudies.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The Virology Controls Studies Project is a reader-supported publication. 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